Pub Date : 2022-12-26DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3220700
Mohammad A. R. Abdeen;Mohamed Hossam Ahmed;Hafez Seliem;Tarek Rahil Sheltami;Turki M. Alghamdi
Smart health is a relatively new paradigm where information and communication technology is utilized to improve health care and medical services. In this article, we provide a literature-based overview of smart health systems, their components, architecture, technologies, benefits, applications, challenges, and opportunities. In addition, we discuss the potential benefits of big data, data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) in smart health systems. Moreover, we discuss the challenges as well as the open research issues that need further investigation to facilitate the implementation of smart health systems.
{"title":"Smart Health Systems Components, Challenges, and Opportunities","authors":"Mohammad A. R. Abdeen;Mohamed Hossam Ahmed;Hafez Seliem;Tarek Rahil Sheltami;Turki M. Alghamdi","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3220700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3220700","url":null,"abstract":"Smart health is a relatively new paradigm where information and communication technology is utilized to improve health care and medical services. In this article, we provide a literature-based overview of smart health systems, their components, architecture, technologies, benefits, applications, challenges, and opportunities. In addition, we discuss the potential benefits of big data, data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) in smart health systems. Moreover, we discuss the challenges as well as the open research issues that need further investigation to facilitate the implementation of smart health systems.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"436-441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68030081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dual-stator single-rotor (DSSR) machines are designed to generate two different output voltages independently and simultaneously. These generators are finding their place in various directly coupled engine-driven applications due to their better performance and efficiency. In this study, a dual-stator permanent magnet (PM) generator for auxiliary power generator applications has been modeled and analyzed [finite-element method (FEM)] using MagNet software. Various possible rotor configurations based on the mounting of PMs on the rotor between the two stators, their size, and shape were considered. The rotor configuration that establishes better air-gap flux density with ease of manufacturability is identified. Simulation results are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Simulation and Analysis of Single-Rotor Dual-Stator Radial Flux Dual-Voltage Permanent Magnet Generator for Military Application","authors":"Jaishankar Chinnachamy;Hosimin Thilagar Srinivasan","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3220513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3220513","url":null,"abstract":"Dual-stator single-rotor (DSSR) machines are designed to generate two different output voltages independently and simultaneously. These generators are finding their place in various directly coupled engine-driven applications due to their better performance and efficiency. In this study, a dual-stator permanent magnet (PM) generator for auxiliary power generator applications has been modeled and analyzed [finite-element method (FEM)] using MagNet software. Various possible rotor configurations based on the mounting of PMs on the rotor between the two stators, their size, and shape were considered. The rotor configuration that establishes better air-gap flux density with ease of manufacturability is identified. Simulation results are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"426-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68030083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The switched reluctance motor (SRM) has more salient features such as high starting torque, isolation of phase windings, and no rotor windings. Similarly, a permanent magnet brushless direct current (BLDC) motor possesses numerous merits such as high power density, and low torque ripple. However, this SRM and permanent magnet BLDC motor suffer from torque ripple and cogging torque, respectively. Therefore, this research article enriches the design procedure and characteristics of a 3-kW, 60-V hybrid reluctance motor with minimum torque ripple and vibration. Furthermore, this proposed motor is modeled and analyzed with various laminating core materials such as 47F165, Arnon 7, M420-50D, M300-35A, 36F155, and M-27 24Ga for identifying the superior material by considering the relevant parameters such as losses and torque. In the proposed doubly salient motor, a vibration analysis is also performed to predict its natural frequency. A laboratory arrangement is implemented to examine the proposed motor at no-load conditions. Then no-load current and vibration frequency were measured by a digital storage oscilloscope and accelerometer, respectively. These experimental outcomes are compared with finite-element analysis and analytical equations to validate findings.
{"title":"Investigations on Novel Hybrid Reluctance Motor for Electric Vehicle Applications","authors":"Prabhu Sundaramoorthy;V. Arun;B. Hemanth Kumar;Janardhan Kavali;M. Balaji","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3214629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3214629","url":null,"abstract":"The switched reluctance motor (SRM) has more salient features such as high starting torque, isolation of phase windings, and no rotor windings. Similarly, a permanent magnet brushless direct current (BLDC) motor possesses numerous merits such as high power density, and low torque ripple. However, this SRM and permanent magnet BLDC motor suffer from torque ripple and cogging torque, respectively. Therefore, this research article enriches the design procedure and characteristics of a 3-kW, 60-V hybrid reluctance motor with minimum torque ripple and vibration. Furthermore, this proposed motor is modeled and analyzed with various laminating core materials such as 47F165, Arnon 7, M420-50D, M300-35A, 36F155, and M-27 24Ga for identifying the superior material by considering the relevant parameters such as losses and torque. In the proposed doubly salient motor, a vibration analysis is also performed to predict its natural frequency. A laboratory arrangement is implemented to examine the proposed motor at no-load conditions. Then no-load current and vibration frequency were measured by a digital storage oscilloscope and accelerometer, respectively. These experimental outcomes are compared with finite-element analysis and analytical equations to validate findings.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"454-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68030080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3217894
Fatma Marzouk;João Paulo Barraca;Ayman Radwan
This work aims to minimize the power consumption of cloud virtualization components by addressing the important challenge of designing allocation schemes that cater for both radio and computational resources in a virtualized cloud-based radio environment. Unlike previous efforts, we consider the realistic behavior of radio resource heads (RRHs) associated with one baseband unit (BBU), acting as a distributed antenna system (DAS). We first formulate the admission control (AC) and the RRH–BBU mapping problem, subject to constraints on user throughput requirements, computational capacity in the BBU pool, and according to the assumption of DAS behavior. As the optimal solution is practically intractable for large-scale dynamic networks, we propose a two-level resource allocation framework, based on two developed algorithms: a first one for AC at the radio level and a second one for RRH–BBU mapping at the computational level. The two algorithms are designed to allow both the levels to consider each other’s constraints and particularities. Results obtained from an extensive simulation-based performance evaluation show the high performance of our proposal in terms of radio-related metrics, number of accepted users, power saving, and energy and spectrum efficiency, compared with three baseline reference schemes.
{"title":"Interference and QoS-Aware Resource Allocation Considering DAS Behavior for C-RAN Power Minimization","authors":"Fatma Marzouk;João Paulo Barraca;Ayman Radwan","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3217894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3217894","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to minimize the power consumption of cloud virtualization components by addressing the important challenge of designing allocation schemes that cater for both radio and computational resources in a virtualized cloud-based radio environment. Unlike previous efforts, we consider the realistic behavior of radio resource heads (RRHs) associated with one baseband unit (BBU), acting as a distributed antenna system (DAS). We first formulate the admission control (AC) and the RRH–BBU mapping problem, subject to constraints on user throughput requirements, computational capacity in the BBU pool, and according to the assumption of DAS behavior. As the optimal solution is practically intractable for large-scale dynamic networks, we propose a two-level resource allocation framework, based on two developed algorithms: a first one for AC at the radio level and a second one for RRH–BBU mapping at the computational level. The two algorithms are designed to allow both the levels to consider each other’s constraints and particularities. Results obtained from an extensive simulation-based performance evaluation show the high performance of our proposal in terms of radio-related metrics, number of accepted users, power saving, and energy and spectrum efficiency, compared with three baseline reference schemes.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"442-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68030082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3213501
Patrick Nyaaba Ayambire;Huang Qi;Paul Oswald Kwasi Anane;Albert K. Awopone;Li Jian;Olusola Bamisile
Overhead transmission lines play a key role in ensuring power system security and reliability in this current smart society. The overhead transmission line operates in a very complex terrain thereby making it vulnerable to various kinds of faults. Most transmission line faults lead to interruption in power supplies and therefore the need for a fast repair to restore the system to its normal state. A fast, timely, and accurate fault detection technique will ensure speedy restoration of the system thereby reducing outage time. In this article, an enhanced transmission lines’ fault detection approach is presented. This scheme deployed a highly sensitive, low cost, and energy-efficient differential sensor to detect flux density variation measured along transmission lines. The fault detection algorithm is developed for the detection of faults in transmission lines. The development is implemented on a model transmission line and tested for various fault scenarios. Scaled-up laboratory experiments were also conducted to measure magnetic flux density and fault identification to verify the validity of the proposed technique as well as estimate the amount of current produced when a fault occurred. From the simulated and measured current produced during a fault, the proposed technique yielded an estimated error of 1.38%, while the CT and a commercial current probe gave errors of 10.99% and 17.68%, respectively.
{"title":"An Improved Fault Detection Method for Overhead Transmission Lines Based on Differential Tunnel Magnetoresistive Sensor Array Approach","authors":"Patrick Nyaaba Ayambire;Huang Qi;Paul Oswald Kwasi Anane;Albert K. Awopone;Li Jian;Olusola Bamisile","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3213501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3213501","url":null,"abstract":"Overhead transmission lines play a key role in ensuring power system security and reliability in this current smart society. The overhead transmission line operates in a very complex terrain thereby making it vulnerable to various kinds of faults. Most transmission line faults lead to interruption in power supplies and therefore the need for a fast repair to restore the system to its normal state. A fast, timely, and accurate fault detection technique will ensure speedy restoration of the system thereby reducing outage time. In this article, an enhanced transmission lines’ fault detection approach is presented. This scheme deployed a highly sensitive, low cost, and energy-efficient differential sensor to detect flux density variation measured along transmission lines. The fault detection algorithm is developed for the detection of faults in transmission lines. The development is implemented on a model transmission line and tested for various fault scenarios. Scaled-up laboratory experiments were also conducted to measure magnetic flux density and fault identification to verify the validity of the proposed technique as well as estimate the amount of current produced when a fault occurred. From the simulated and measured current produced during a fault, the proposed technique yielded an estimated error of 1.38%, while the CT and a commercial current probe gave errors of 10.99% and 17.68%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"409-417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68030085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a photovoltaic (PV) system-based microgrid, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control plays a crucial role to improve the efficiency and stability. Since the past few years, one of the key control schemes to enhance the effectiveness of the microgrid is the observer-based MPPT control. This article proposes a higher order sliding mode observer (HOSMO)-based integral sliding mode control (ISMC) for MPPT control to ensure an efficient operation of a closed-loop dc microgrid. The proposed MPPT control is mainly focused on obtaining a chatter-free output voltage and stabilized output power from the PV-system-based microgrid and further ensure insensitivity to uncertainties and reduction in steady-state error. ISMC is applied to carry out finite-time stabilization throughout the entire response of the system. To justify the efficacy of the proposed approach, various test scenarios are simulated in real-time, and the performance is investigated through extensive comparative results. The MATLAB simulations and real-time simulation results achieved with OPAL-RT are compared. The superior performance of the proposed approach is observed in terms of high efficiency, good accuracy, and robust performance under varying meteorological conditions.
{"title":"Design and Real-Time Validation of Higher Order Sliding Mode Observer-Based Integral Sliding Mode MPPT Control for a DC Microgrid","authors":"Vijaya Kumar Dunna;Kumar Pakki Bharani Chandra;Pravat Kumar Rout;Binod Kumar Sahu","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3211470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3211470","url":null,"abstract":"In a photovoltaic (PV) system-based microgrid, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control plays a crucial role to improve the efficiency and stability. Since the past few years, one of the key control schemes to enhance the effectiveness of the microgrid is the observer-based MPPT control. This article proposes a higher order sliding mode observer (HOSMO)-based integral sliding mode control (ISMC) for MPPT control to ensure an efficient operation of a closed-loop dc microgrid. The proposed MPPT control is mainly focused on obtaining a chatter-free output voltage and stabilized output power from the PV-system-based microgrid and further ensure insensitivity to uncertainties and reduction in steady-state error. ISMC is applied to carry out finite-time stabilization throughout the entire response of the system. To justify the efficacy of the proposed approach, various test scenarios are simulated in real-time, and the performance is investigated through extensive comparative results. The MATLAB simulations and real-time simulation results achieved with OPAL-RT are compared. The superior performance of the proposed approach is observed in terms of high efficiency, good accuracy, and robust performance under varying meteorological conditions.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"418-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68030084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3217328
Honglin Yuan;Yan Yan;Zhihua Bao;Chen Xu;Juping Gu;Jiangzhou Wang
Radio frequency fingerprint (RFF) based authentication of wireless devices can be used in the fields of the access security at the physical-layer of wireless networks and radio spectrum management. However, the stability of RFF is easily damaged by the wireless multipath fading channel in mobile communications. An RFF fingerprinting method with the nonlinearity and in-phase and quadrature (IQ) imbalance of the transmitter is proposed for chunk-based wireless orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) devices based on a Hammerstein system parameter separation technique, which cancels the adverse influence of the time-varying multipath channel. First, the parameters of the nonlinear model of the transmitter and finite impulse response (FIR) of the wireless multipath channel are estimated with the Hammerstein system parameter separation technique. Second, the best IQ imbalance parameter combination is obtained with the FIR estimation of the channel. Finally, the estimated parameters of the nonlinear model and IQ imbalance are used as RFFs to classify the transmitters. Theoretical analyses and numerical experiments demonstrate that the obtained RFFs are stable and the fusion authentication of transmitters with subtle differences from the same model and same series is feasible using the novel method.
{"title":"Multipath Canceled RF Fingerprinting for Wireless OFDM Devices Based on Hammerstein System Parameter Separation","authors":"Honglin Yuan;Yan Yan;Zhihua Bao;Chen Xu;Juping Gu;Jiangzhou Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3217328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3217328","url":null,"abstract":"Radio frequency fingerprint (RFF) based authentication of wireless devices can be used in the fields of the access security at the physical-layer of wireless networks and radio spectrum management. However, the stability of RFF is easily damaged by the wireless multipath fading channel in mobile communications. An RFF fingerprinting method with the nonlinearity and in-phase and quadrature (IQ) imbalance of the transmitter is proposed for chunk-based wireless orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) devices based on a Hammerstein system parameter separation technique, which cancels the adverse influence of the time-varying multipath channel. First, the parameters of the nonlinear model of the transmitter and finite impulse response (FIR) of the wireless multipath channel are estimated with the Hammerstein system parameter separation technique. Second, the best IQ imbalance parameter combination is obtained with the FIR estimation of the channel. Finally, the estimated parameters of the nonlinear model and IQ imbalance are used as RFFs to classify the transmitters. Theoretical analyses and numerical experiments demonstrate that the obtained RFFs are stable and the fusion authentication of transmitters with subtle differences from the same model and same series is feasible using the novel method.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"401-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68030086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3217262
Jude Inwumoh;Craig A. Baguley;Kosala Gunawardane
To minimize the outage time and costs associated with faults on high voltage direct current (HVdc) transmission lines it is critical to locate faults in an accurate and sufficiently fast manner. Current fault location techniques based on artificial intelligence (AI) are accurate but require fault data from rectifying and inverting ends. This necessitates a communications system and incurs high computational burdens. Therefore, a novel fault location technique is proposed that requires fault data only from one end, eliminating the need for a communication system. It employs support vector machine (SVM) algorithms to reduce the time needed to locate faults through fault classification. After classification, Gaussian process regression (GPR) is used for location identification. The proposed technique is tested under real time simulation conditions. The test results show the SVM can classify different fault types with an accuracy of 99.7%, while the GPR is able to locate faults within 0.5197 s with a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 6.52e−5%. The performance of the technique is further investigated under varying fault impedance levels. The results show the proposed technique is robust, even under high impedance fault conditions.
{"title":"A Fast and Accurate Fault Location Technique for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Systems Une technique rapide et précise de localisation des défauts pour les systèmes de courant continu à haute tension (CCHT)","authors":"Jude Inwumoh;Craig A. Baguley;Kosala Gunawardane","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3217262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3217262","url":null,"abstract":"To minimize the outage time and costs associated with faults on high voltage direct current (HVdc) transmission lines it is critical to locate faults in an accurate and sufficiently fast manner. Current fault location techniques based on artificial intelligence (AI) are accurate but require fault data from rectifying and inverting ends. This necessitates a communications system and incurs high computational burdens. Therefore, a novel fault location technique is proposed that requires fault data only from one end, eliminating the need for a communication system. It employs support vector machine (SVM) algorithms to reduce the time needed to locate faults through fault classification. After classification, Gaussian process regression (GPR) is used for location identification. The proposed technique is tested under real time simulation conditions. The test results show the SVM can classify different fault types with an accuracy of 99.7%, while the GPR is able to locate faults within 0.5197 s with a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 6.52e−5%. The performance of the technique is further investigated under varying fault impedance levels. The results show the proposed technique is robust, even under high impedance fault conditions.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"383-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68030719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-09DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2022.3207873
K. Suresh;E. Parimalasundar
This article proposes isolated bidirectional micro dc-ac single phase controlled (IBMSC) converter based on in-phase–voltage pulsewidth modulation (IPWM). This resonant IPWM converter, ratio of voltage conversion can be controlled from 0 to $infty $