Pub Date : 2024-12-30DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3506115
Yanni Jiang;Ke Li;Ziyuan Yang;Tao Liu
Ship wake detection provides a supplementary way for ship target detection; however, the detection performances of small and slow targets under high sea state are always unsatisfying. Also, the potential of polarimetric enhancement and deep learning (DL) techniques in ship wake detection still remains to be further discovered. In this article, first, the polarimetric enhancement methods based on the polarimetric whitening filter (PWF) and polarimetric detection optimization filter (PDOF) have been researched. Since the measured full-polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of ship wake are rather limited and inadequate for DL techniques, a full-polarized wake detection dataset (FPWDD) has been established for the first time. It was constructed based on 6000 simulated polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) images of a typical small surface vehicle, including four kinds of target numbers, five kinds of wind speeds, five kinds of wind directions, five kinds of ship velocities, and 36 kinds of ship heading angles. It is composed of two kinds of images: the full covariance matrixes stored in the TIF format and the images after the Pauli decomposition stored in the RGB format. Furthermore, the ship wake detection has been performed based on the FPWDD and three widely applied target detection DL networks for the HH, HV, VV, PWF, and PDOF channels. Finally, an analysis of the wake detection performances of the five channels has been carried out, which has proved that the polarimetric enhancement methods can obviously enhance the wake detection performance of small surface vehicles, with most evaluation metrics about 10% higher than that of HH, VV, and HV.
{"title":"Ship Wake Detection Based on Polarimetric Enhancement and Deep Learning via a Simulated Full-Polarized Dataset","authors":"Yanni Jiang;Ke Li;Ziyuan Yang;Tao Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3506115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3506115","url":null,"abstract":"Ship wake detection provides a supplementary way for ship target detection; however, the detection performances of small and slow targets under high sea state are always unsatisfying. Also, the potential of polarimetric enhancement and deep learning (DL) techniques in ship wake detection still remains to be further discovered. In this article, first, the polarimetric enhancement methods based on the polarimetric whitening filter (PWF) and polarimetric detection optimization filter (PDOF) have been researched. Since the measured full-polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of ship wake are rather limited and inadequate for DL techniques, a full-polarized wake detection dataset (FPWDD) has been established for the first time. It was constructed based on 6000 simulated polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) images of a typical small surface vehicle, including four kinds of target numbers, five kinds of wind speeds, five kinds of wind directions, five kinds of ship velocities, and 36 kinds of ship heading angles. It is composed of two kinds of images: the full covariance matrixes stored in the TIF format and the images after the Pauli decomposition stored in the RGB format. Furthermore, the ship wake detection has been performed based on the FPWDD and three widely applied target detection DL networks for the HH, HV, VV, PWF, and PDOF channels. Finally, an analysis of the wake detection performances of the five channels has been carried out, which has proved that the polarimetric enhancement methods can obviously enhance the wake detection performance of small surface vehicles, with most evaluation metrics about 10% higher than that of HH, VV, and HV.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"48 1","pages":"19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143360895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-20DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3500028
Juan Constantine;Kuo Lung Lian;Zhao-Peng He;Chu Ying Xiao;You Fang Fan;Na-Te Yang
A cyber-physical system is a system that integrates computation and physical processes. Such a system has found numerous applications in power systems. One such application is power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation. In the context of PHIL simulation, a hardware device under test (DUT) is typically linked to a digital real-time simulator (DRTS) via a PHIL interface. Over time, several PHIL interfaces have been proposed and explored. Notably, the ideal transformer model (ITM) stands out due to its popularity, primarily for its ease of implementation. Other PHIL interfaces, such as partial circuit duplication (PCD) and damping impedance, can be viewed as extensions of the ITM concept. These PHIL interfaces necessitate a strict impedance ratio between the physical (i.e., the DUT) and the cyber parts (i.e., the system modeled in DRTS) before embarking on a PHIL implementation. This prerequisite can often prove to be a demanding and complex task. This article introduces a novel PHIL interface for PHIL using Nelder–Mead (NM) algorithm, designed to eliminate such constraints. Notably, the proposed PHIL interface offers an expanded stability region when compared with ITM, thus rendering it suitable for a broader range of PHIL applications. The effectiveness of this proposed method has been confirmed by a practical PHIL setup.
{"title":"A New Interface for Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Using Nelder-Mead Algorithm Une nouvelle interface pour la simulation","authors":"Juan Constantine;Kuo Lung Lian;Zhao-Peng He;Chu Ying Xiao;You Fang Fan;Na-Te Yang","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3500028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3500028","url":null,"abstract":"A cyber-physical system is a system that integrates computation and physical processes. Such a system has found numerous applications in power systems. One such application is power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation. In the context of PHIL simulation, a hardware device under test (DUT) is typically linked to a digital real-time simulator (DRTS) via a PHIL interface. Over time, several PHIL interfaces have been proposed and explored. Notably, the ideal transformer model (ITM) stands out due to its popularity, primarily for its ease of implementation. Other PHIL interfaces, such as partial circuit duplication (PCD) and damping impedance, can be viewed as extensions of the ITM concept. These PHIL interfaces necessitate a strict impedance ratio between the physical (i.e., the DUT) and the cyber parts (i.e., the system modeled in DRTS) before embarking on a PHIL implementation. This prerequisite can often prove to be a demanding and complex task. This article introduces a novel PHIL interface for PHIL using Nelder–Mead (NM) algorithm, designed to eliminate such constraints. Notably, the proposed PHIL interface offers an expanded stability region when compared with ITM, thus rendering it suitable for a broader range of PHIL applications. The effectiveness of this proposed method has been confirmed by a practical PHIL setup.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"48 1","pages":"10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143360894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3498395
{"title":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3498395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3498395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"47 4","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10807055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work systematically studies conformal Vivaldi antenna (VA) arrays in a spherical volume. A VA with gain varying from 5 to 9 dBi and $S_{11} leq -10$ dB from 4.3 to 9.8 GHz is considered. A $1 times 7$ VAs are placed on a correctional area of the cylinder to scan from $theta = 0^{circ}$ to 45° at $phi = 90^{circ}$ . The results show that the sidelobe level (SLL) has a higher amplitude, almost equivalent to the main lobe. To reduce the SLL, the phase center to phase center distance of antenna elements is reduced by bringing the radius correctional area of the cylinder leading to the development of a modified VA (MVA) without disturbing the $S_{11}$ parameters of the VA. To verify, the MVA as a radiating element a $1 times 7$ circular MVA array is developed with the same scanning capability, the results show a high reduction of SLL. Finally, a 49-element MVA array arranged in a spherical volume is developed to obtain 3-D-beam scanning. The antenna elements are designed to be conformal to the periphery of a sphere to achieve a 360° beam scanning in the azimuthal plane and ±45° in the elevation angle. The 3-D array has a realized gain of 18.57 dBi at $theta = 0^{circ}$ and an approximately 10 dB difference in the magnitude of the major lobe and side lobe levels at all the scan angles. The validation is carried out using ANSYS HFSS full wave solver and achieved a good agreement with the theoretical considerations.
{"title":"Space and Position Management of Wideband Conformal Vivaldi Antenna Array With Sidelobe Reduction","authors":"Anil Kumar Yerrola;Maifuz Ali;Ravi Kumar Arya;Ashwani Kumar;Lakhindar Murmu","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3472056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3472056","url":null,"abstract":"This work systematically studies conformal Vivaldi antenna (VA) arrays in a spherical volume. A VA with gain varying from 5 to 9 dBi and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$S_{11} leq -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB from 4.3 to 9.8 GHz is considered. A <inline-formula> <tex-math>$1 times 7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> VAs are placed on a correctional area of the cylinder to scan from <inline-formula> <tex-math>$theta = 0^{circ}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to 45° at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$phi = 90^{circ}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The results show that the sidelobe level (SLL) has a higher amplitude, almost equivalent to the main lobe. To reduce the SLL, the phase center to phase center distance of antenna elements is reduced by bringing the radius correctional area of the cylinder leading to the development of a modified VA (MVA) without disturbing the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$S_{11}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> parameters of the VA. To verify, the MVA as a radiating element a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$1 times 7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> circular MVA array is developed with the same scanning capability, the results show a high reduction of SLL. Finally, a 49-element MVA array arranged in a spherical volume is developed to obtain 3-D-beam scanning. The antenna elements are designed to be conformal to the periphery of a sphere to achieve a 360° beam scanning in the azimuthal plane and ±45° in the elevation angle. The 3-D array has a realized gain of 18.57 dBi at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$theta = 0^{circ}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and an approximately 10 dB difference in the magnitude of the major lobe and side lobe levels at all the scan angles. The validation is carried out using ANSYS HFSS full wave solver and achieved a good agreement with the theoretical considerations.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143360974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3487893
M. Jajini;N. Shanmuga Vadivoo;Sivasankar Gangatharan
The usage of electric vehicles (EVs) has increased and it leads to additional demand along with existing residential demand and managing it becomes challenging. Further EV charging systems that function during the daytime in multistorey buildings expedite the peak loading. The main objective of this work is to minimize the operating cost of the system and conversion losses. In this work, the microgrid incorporated with a bidirectional converter plays a major role in dc-ac and ac-dc conversion. The photo voltaic (PV) sources support the system with sufficient dc power generation and batteries store the dc power and supply the load in case of insufficiency. By utilizing a genetic algorithm (GA) and appropriate energy management (EM) to charge EVs according to time-of-use tariff patterns, the impact of growing demand on the grid is greatly mitigated. To ease the burden on the grid during peak hours, the interruptible loads are shifted to off-peak times. Other challenges of EV charging such as energy saving, maximum peak demand, voltage instability, and high current drawing issues are rectified and well presented with existing topology. When compared to the standard scheme, the energy savings in the proposed topology are much increased, reaching 33.04%, while the cost reduction is 57.27%.
{"title":"Intelligent Energy Management for Multistorey Building With Photovoltaic-Based Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure","authors":"M. Jajini;N. Shanmuga Vadivoo;Sivasankar Gangatharan","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3487893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3487893","url":null,"abstract":"The usage of electric vehicles (EVs) has increased and it leads to additional demand along with existing residential demand and managing it becomes challenging. Further EV charging systems that function during the daytime in multistorey buildings expedite the peak loading. The main objective of this work is to minimize the operating cost of the system and conversion losses. In this work, the microgrid incorporated with a bidirectional converter plays a major role in dc-ac and ac-dc conversion. The photo voltaic (PV) sources support the system with sufficient dc power generation and batteries store the dc power and supply the load in case of insufficiency. By utilizing a genetic algorithm (GA) and appropriate energy management (EM) to charge EVs according to time-of-use tariff patterns, the impact of growing demand on the grid is greatly mitigated. To ease the burden on the grid during peak hours, the interruptible loads are shifted to off-peak times. Other challenges of EV charging such as energy saving, maximum peak demand, voltage instability, and high current drawing issues are rectified and well presented with existing topology. When compared to the standard scheme, the energy savings in the proposed topology are much increased, reaching 33.04%, while the cost reduction is 57.27%.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"47 4","pages":"250-259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The integration of cloud computing (CC) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in the healthcare industry has significantly boosted the importance of real-time remote patient monitoring. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) systems facilitate the seamless transfer of health records to data centers, allowing medical professionals and caregivers to analyze, process, and access them. This data is often stored in cloud-based systems. Nevertheless, the transmission of data and execution of computations in a cloud environment may lead to delays and affect the efficiency of real-time healthcare services. In addition, the use of edge computing (EC) layers has become prevalent in performing local data processing and storage to reduce service response times for IoMT applications. The main objective of this article is to develop an adaptive EC infrastructure for IoMT systems, with a specific emphasis on maintaining optimal performance for real-time health services. It also designs a model to predict the server resources required to meet service level agreements (SLAs) regarding response time. Simulation results demonstrate that EC significantly improves service response time for real-time IoMT applications. The proposed model can accurately and efficiently predict the computing resources required for medical data services to achieve SLAs under varying workload conditions.
{"title":"An Adaptive Edge Computing Infrastructure for Internet of Medical Things Applications","authors":"Dang Van Anh;Abdellah Chehri;Chu Thi Minh Hue;Tran Duc Tan;Nguyen Minh Quy","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3471652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3471652","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of cloud computing (CC) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in the healthcare industry has significantly boosted the importance of real-time remote patient monitoring. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) systems facilitate the seamless transfer of health records to data centers, allowing medical professionals and caregivers to analyze, process, and access them. This data is often stored in cloud-based systems. Nevertheless, the transmission of data and execution of computations in a cloud environment may lead to delays and affect the efficiency of real-time healthcare services. In addition, the use of edge computing (EC) layers has become prevalent in performing local data processing and storage to reduce service response times for IoMT applications. The main objective of this article is to develop an adaptive EC infrastructure for IoMT systems, with a specific emphasis on maintaining optimal performance for real-time health services. It also designs a model to predict the server resources required to meet service level agreements (SLAs) regarding response time. Simulation results demonstrate that EC significantly improves service response time for real-time IoMT applications. The proposed model can accurately and efficiently predict the computing resources required for medical data services to achieve SLAs under varying workload conditions.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"47 4","pages":"242-249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3475878
Ayaz Ahmad;Shanu Kumar;Jayanta Mukherjee
In this work, the effect of a two-section stub for minimizing gain variation near broadside frequency in a comb-line leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is investigated. Mathematical design conditions for stubs are derived based on the matched input impedance requirement of the unit cell. Based on the derived conditions, two different stubs (Case-I and Case-II) are designed and placed in the middle of the host transmission line (50 Ω delay line) to make comb-line unit cells (UC#1, and UC#2). The open stopband (OSB) suppression is investigated by analyzing the input impedance and the leakage constant of the unit cells. Next, the variation in the gain of the LWAs (LWA#1, and LWA#2) with the proposed stubs is compared with a comb-line LWA with the conventional radiating stub (CRS). The gain variation in LWA#1 is only 0.7 dB as compared to the 2.5 dB gain variation for LWA using CRSs. Moreover, the gain is improved by 2 dB near the broadside for LWA#2 as compared to LWA using CRS. In the entire analysis, the broadside frequency is chosen near 10 GHz.
{"title":"Design of Stubs in a Comb-Line Leaky-Wave Antenna for Minimizing Gain Variation at Broadside","authors":"Ayaz Ahmad;Shanu Kumar;Jayanta Mukherjee","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3475878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3475878","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the effect of a two-section stub for minimizing gain variation near broadside frequency in a comb-line leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is investigated. Mathematical design conditions for stubs are derived based on the matched input impedance requirement of the unit cell. Based on the derived conditions, two different stubs (Case-I and Case-II) are designed and placed in the middle of the host transmission line (50 Ω delay line) to make comb-line unit cells (UC#1, and UC#2). The open stopband (OSB) suppression is investigated by analyzing the input impedance and the leakage constant of the unit cells. Next, the variation in the gain of the LWAs (LWA#1, and LWA#2) with the proposed stubs is compared with a comb-line LWA with the conventional radiating stub (CRS). The gain variation in LWA#1 is only 0.7 dB as compared to the 2.5 dB gain variation for LWA using CRSs. Moreover, the gain is improved by 2 dB near the broadside for LWA#2 as compared to LWA using CRS. In the entire analysis, the broadside frequency is chosen near 10 GHz.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"47 4","pages":"233-241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3469390
N. Sivakumar;S. Charles Raja;Chelladurai Balasundar;M. Geethanjali
Coil alignment plays a vital role in wireless charging systems which affects the transmission power and resonance coupling efficiency in electric vehicle (EV) charging. Also, the cutting-edge controlling model is used to improve the converter operations in the wireless inductive power transfer (IPT) system for EV charging. This work proposes a deer hunting optimized converter control (DHOCC) algorithm for buck dc–dc converter to effectively step down the desired voltage and reduce the system complexity such as misalignments and air gap. The coil’s misalignment and air gaps are changed through the buck dc–dc converter output. This algorithm aligns the coil by changing the ranges of misalignment and air gap to improve coupling efficiency. The EV is placed on its surface to charge the battery. The proposed work is designed in the MATLAB/Simulink platform and the experimental setup validation has been carried out through the laboratory test setup. The simulation output shows the high effective coupling between two coils for an 8 cm air gap with 89.7% power transfer efficiency (PTE) and the experimental output shows an 8 cm air gap with 84.77% of PTE. The obtained result demonstrates the performance of the DHOCC based on a wireless IPT system under less complexity.
{"title":"A Cutting-Edge Deer Hunting Optimized Converter Control (DHOCC) Based Dynamic Wireless IPT System for EV Charging Applications","authors":"N. Sivakumar;S. Charles Raja;Chelladurai Balasundar;M. Geethanjali","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3469390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3469390","url":null,"abstract":"Coil alignment plays a vital role in wireless charging systems which affects the transmission power and resonance coupling efficiency in electric vehicle (EV) charging. Also, the cutting-edge controlling model is used to improve the converter operations in the wireless inductive power transfer (IPT) system for EV charging. This work proposes a deer hunting optimized converter control (DHOCC) algorithm for buck dc–dc converter to effectively step down the desired voltage and reduce the system complexity such as misalignments and air gap. The coil’s misalignment and air gaps are changed through the buck dc–dc converter output. This algorithm aligns the coil by changing the ranges of misalignment and air gap to improve coupling efficiency. The EV is placed on its surface to charge the battery. The proposed work is designed in the MATLAB/Simulink platform and the experimental setup validation has been carried out through the laboratory test setup. The simulation output shows the high effective coupling between two coils for an 8 cm air gap with 89.7% power transfer efficiency (PTE) and the experimental output shows an 8 cm air gap with 84.77% of PTE. The obtained result demonstrates the performance of the DHOCC based on a wireless IPT system under less complexity.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"47 4","pages":"218-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3472657
Quan Tian;Ruiyan Cai;Yang Luo
As a key technology for radio monitoring and positioning, direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation has garnered significant attention and has undergone in-depth research. This article proposes a new subspace-based DOA estimation algorithm based on an adversarial learning network. Considering the impact of the number of antennas in the signal-receiving array on the resulting DOA estimation accuracy, the proposed algorithm takes a covariance matrix corresponding to a small antenna array as the input of the adversarial learning network and reconstructs an extended covariance matrix corresponding to a virtual large antenna array. By introducing subspace technology, the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm can achieve high-resolution DOA estimation. Therefore, the extended covariance matrix corresponding to the virtual large antenna array is combined with the MUSIC to achieve DOA estimation. Simulated and real-world experimental results demonstrate that compared with conventional subspace-based DOA estimation algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieves significantly improved DOA estimation performance.
{"title":"DOA Estimation Based on an Adversarial Learning Network via Small Antenna Arrays","authors":"Quan Tian;Ruiyan Cai;Yang Luo","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3472657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3472657","url":null,"abstract":"As a key technology for radio monitoring and positioning, direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation has garnered significant attention and has undergone in-depth research. This article proposes a new subspace-based DOA estimation algorithm based on an adversarial learning network. Considering the impact of the number of antennas in the signal-receiving array on the resulting DOA estimation accuracy, the proposed algorithm takes a covariance matrix corresponding to a small antenna array as the input of the adversarial learning network and reconstructs an extended covariance matrix corresponding to a virtual large antenna array. By introducing subspace technology, the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm can achieve high-resolution DOA estimation. Therefore, the extended covariance matrix corresponding to the virtual large antenna array is combined with the MUSIC to achieve DOA estimation. Simulated and real-world experimental results demonstrate that compared with conventional subspace-based DOA estimation algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieves significantly improved DOA estimation performance.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"47 4","pages":"226-232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3429273
Alaor Cervati Neto;Alexandre L. M. Levada;Michel Ferreira Cardia Haddad
The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) consists of a powerful algorithm for visualizing high-dimensional data in a lower dimensional space. It is extensively employed in machine learning (ML) and data analysis, including unsupervised metric learning. In this article, we propose improvements concerning two main aspects of the t-SNE. First, the incorporation of class labels is adopted to increase its suitability for supervised classification. Second, stochastic and geodesic distances are used as dissimilarity measures to avoid the dependence of the standard Euclidean distance, which is particularly sensitive to outliers. Computational experiments with several real-world datasets indicate that the proposed methodological approach is capable of improving classification accuracy compared with established methods. The results indicate a superior performance compared with the regular t-SNE and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and a dependence on fewer parameters in comparison with the state-of-the-art supervised uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) algorithm.
{"title":"Supervised t-SNE for Metric Learning With Stochastic and Geodesic Distances","authors":"Alaor Cervati Neto;Alexandre L. M. Levada;Michel Ferreira Cardia Haddad","doi":"10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3429273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICJECE.2024.3429273","url":null,"abstract":"The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) consists of a powerful algorithm for visualizing high-dimensional data in a lower dimensional space. It is extensively employed in machine learning (ML) and data analysis, including unsupervised metric learning. In this article, we propose improvements concerning two main aspects of the t-SNE. First, the incorporation of class labels is adopted to increase its suitability for supervised classification. Second, stochastic and geodesic distances are used as dissimilarity measures to avoid the dependence of the standard Euclidean distance, which is particularly sensitive to outliers. Computational experiments with several real-world datasets indicate that the proposed methodological approach is capable of improving classification accuracy compared with established methods. The results indicate a superior performance compared with the regular t-SNE and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and a dependence on fewer parameters in comparison with the state-of-the-art supervised uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) algorithm.","PeriodicalId":100619,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","volume":"47 4","pages":"199-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10734850","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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