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Editorial Board: Chem. Eng. Technol. 6/2024 编辑委员会:Chem.Eng.Technol.6/2024
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202470602
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引用次数: 0
Cover Picture: Chem. Eng. Technol. 6/2024 封面图片:封面图片:Chem.Eng.Technol.6/2024
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202470601

Solar power station with factory. Copyright: THINK b © stock.adobe.com

带工厂的太阳能发电站。版权所有:THINK b © stock.adobe.com
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引用次数: 0
Overview Contents: Chem. Eng. Technol. 6/2024 概述 内容:Chem.Eng.Technol.6/2024
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202470603
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引用次数: 0
Coin-Shaped Carbon Prepared with Cerbera manghas Fibers via Multistage Carbonization and Activation for High-Performance Symmetrical Supercapacitors 用 Cerbera manghas 纤维通过多级碳化和活化制备硬币形碳,用于高性能对称超级电容器
IF 1.8 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202300474
Rakhmawati Farma, Aria Yunita, Irma Apriyani, Awitdrus Awitdrus, Mohamad Deraman, Fatin Salha Omar, Siti Aisyah Shamsudin, Mohd Amir Radhi Othman

Supercapacitor energy storage devices and activated carbon (AC) manufacturing materials for producing high-performance supercapacitors have received extensive attention from researchers. Biomass-based AC has been extensively studied due to its environmental friendliness, abundant availability, porous structure, and high specific surface area. This work focuses on developing biomass-based carbon electrodes derived from Cerbera manghas fiber (CMF) with variations in carbonization temperature to obtain optimum supercapacitor cell performance. The prepared CMF AC was characterized using energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and nitrogen isothermal adsorption–desorption. CMF AC with the optimum carbonization temperature (CMF-600) produced a fibrous structure with a lot of mesoporous so that the specific surface area and specific capacitance were high, namely, 721.495 mg−1 and 221 F g−1 at scan rate 1 mV s−1, respectively. The results of this study indicate that selecting the optimum temperature can enhance the performance of supercapacitor cells and make AC based on CMF biomass potential for cheap and efficient energy storage applications.

超级电容器储能装置和用于生产高性能超级电容器的活性炭(AC)制造材料受到了研究人员的广泛关注。生物质基活性炭具有环境友好、资源丰富、多孔结构和高比表面积等特点,已被广泛研究。这项工作的重点是开发由 Cerbera manghas 纤维(CMF)衍生的生物质基碳电极,并改变碳化温度,以获得最佳的超级电容器电池性能。利用能量色散 X 射线、傅立叶变换红外线、X 射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和氮气等温吸附-解吸对制备的 CMF AC 进行了表征。在最佳碳化温度(CMF-600)下,CMF AC 产生了具有大量介孔的纤维状结构,因此比表面积和比电容都很高,在扫描速率为 1 mV s-1 时,比表面积和比电容分别为 721.495 m2 g-1 和 221 F g-1。研究结果表明,选择最佳温度可以提高超级电容器电池的性能,使基于 CMF 生物质的交流电具有廉价、高效的储能应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Parametric Optimization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Chaotic Swarm Intelligence Technique 利用混沌群智能技术对质子交换膜燃料电池进行参数优化
IF 1.8 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202300378
Vasudha Kaura, Bhavya Narang, Dr. Parminder Singh, Amanpreet Sandhu

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) converts chemical energy into electricity without pollution or noise. PEMFC has a stable electrolyte, reliable, fast start-up, and lightweight portability. Optimal PEMFC parameter prediction is difficult. Due to inaccurate estimation, many meta-heuristic models are inaccurate. Particle swarm, Ant colony, and grey wolf algorithms are tested for fuel cell parameter estimation. These traditional algorithms benefit from chaotic maps for exploitation and exploration. Analyzing V–I and P–I polarization curves, hybrid approaches estimate unknown parameters. Results are compared with others to support the identifying strategy. This project examined SR-12 and NedSstack PS-6 PEMFC stacks. The objective function was shown by the sum of square errors between the experiments, and once an appropriate map is identified, the single chaotic map inclusion method can perform better than the multiple chaotic map scheme, and the “Iterative” approach in chaotic swarm is the most promising for multidimensional challenges.

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)可将化学能转化为电能,且无污染、无噪音。质子交换膜燃料电池具有稳定的电解质、可靠、快速启动和轻巧便携等特点。最佳的 PEMFC 参数预测非常困难。由于估计不准确,许多元启发式模型都不准确。粒子群、蚁群和灰狼算法已用于燃料电池参数估计的测试。这些传统算法得益于混沌图的利用和探索。通过分析 V-I 和 P-I 极化曲线,混合方法估算了未知参数。将结果与其他方法进行比较,以支持识别策略。该项目研究了 SR-12 和 NedSstack PS-6 PEMFC 堆。目标函数由实验之间的平方误差之和表示,一旦识别出合适的图谱,单混沌图谱包含法比多混沌图谱方案表现更好,而混沌群中的 "迭代 "方法对于多维挑战是最有前途的。
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引用次数: 0
Alkylation of Phenol with Methanol over ZSM-5 Zeolite 苯酚与甲醇在 ZSM-5 沸石上的烷基化反应
IF 1.8 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202300171
Dr. Naiwang Liu, Junyu Mao, Yixuan Wu, Prof. Xuan Meng, Prof. Li Shi

The catalytic performance of different molecular sieves in the alkylation of phenol with methanol to produce p-cresol was evaluated, and the acidity and structure of the catalysts were characterized using N2 adsorption–desorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. It was shown that the catalytic activity of molecular sieves was closely related to their acidic site number, specific surface area, and pore structure. Since Zeolite ZSM-5 (Zeolites Socony Mobil No. 5) has a relatively small amount of strong acid as well as a small pore size, it is favorable for the diffusion of p-cresol out of the pores. Therefore, focusing on ZSM-5, the effects of operating conditions such as weight hourly space velocity (WHSV), phenol/methanol (P/M) ratio, and reaction temperature on the catalytic performance were investigated. The results showed that increasing the WHSV, P/M ratio, and reaction temperature improved the selectivity to cresol. In addition, X-ray diffraction and Thermal Gravity/Differential Thermal Gravity characterization methods were also carried out for ZSM-5, and it was found that the deactivation of ZSM-5 was due to coke deposition and pore blockage on the active site and that the selectivity to cresol could be restored by regenerating the catalyst and covering the strong acid site, which resulted in the reduction of the strong acid site to increase the selectivity of the product.

评估了不同分子筛在苯酚与甲醇烷基化生成对甲酚过程中的催化性能,并利用 N2 吸附-解吸和傅立叶变换红外光谱技术对催化剂的酸性和结构进行了表征。结果表明,分子筛的催化活性与其酸性位点数、比表面积和孔结构密切相关。由于沸石 ZSM-5(沸石 Socony Mobil No.5)具有相对较少的强酸和较小的孔径,有利于对甲酚从孔隙中扩散出来。因此,针对 ZSM-5,研究了重量时空速度(WHSV)、苯酚/甲醇(P/M)比和反应温度等操作条件对催化性能的影响。结果表明,提高 WHSV、P/M 比率和反应温度可提高对甲酚的选择性。此外,还对 ZSM-5 进行了 X 射线衍射和热重力/差热重力表征方法,发现 ZSM-5 失活的原因是活性位点上的焦炭沉积和孔隙堵塞,通过再生催化剂并覆盖强酸位点,可恢复对甲酚的选择性,从而减少强酸位点,提高产物的选择性。
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引用次数: 0
Structural Improvement and Numerical Simulation of a Perforated Distributor in an Adsorption Tower 吸附塔中穿孔分布器的结构改进与数值模拟
IF 1.8 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202300313
Zhao Hao, Tao Zhang, Li Lv, Wenxiang Tang, Shengwei Tang

A “closed” perforated plate distributor was proposed to improve the gas distribution in an industrial adsorption tower. Compared with the industrial perforated plate distributor, the designed distributor restricts the space for the disordered movement of gas under the perforated plate. The new distributor effectively converts the gas from the initial axial flow on the inlet section to the axial flow on the tower section to improve the gas uniformity. In addition, the gas velocity at the edge of the inlet cross section of the adsorbent bed is increased by opening holes on the bottom plate. The uniformity of gas distribution is further improved. The simulation method in this study and the distribution performance of the “closed” perforated plate distributor have been verified by experiments.

为改善工业吸附塔中的气体分布,提出了一种 "封闭式 "穿孔板分布器。与工业穿孔板分配器相比,所设计的分配器限制了气体在穿孔板下无序运动的空间。新型分布器有效地将气体从入口段的初始轴向流转换为塔段的轴向流,从而提高了气体的均匀性。此外,通过在底板上开孔,还可提高吸附床进口截面边缘的气体流速。气体分布的均匀性得到进一步改善。本研究中的模拟方法和 "封闭式 "穿孔板分配器的分配性能已经过实验验证。
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引用次数: 0
Fluorescent Composite Nano- and Microparticles Based on Xanthene Dyes and Iron Oxides 基于呫吨染料和氧化铁的荧光纳米和微粒复合材料
IF 1.8 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202300465
Assoc Prof, Dr. Aytan G. Muradova, Hasan A. Al-Hilali, Polina A. Andreeva, Alexander I. Sharapaev, Karim T. Khakimov, Xiumei Bai, Assoc Prof, Dr. Alexander V. Finko

Modern industry actively uses metal structural materials to create innovative devices and components. In order to prevent emergency situations in production, nondestructive testing methods are used to detect defects on the surface of the material being developed. Among the methods of nondestructive testing, one can highlight the method of luminescent magnetic flaw detection, which allows identifying defects on the surface and under the surface of the test sample with minimal effort. It is known that in some cases, the magnetic-powder method cannot achieve the required sensitivity due to the shape and location of defects themselves or due to certain conditions of object operation. To increase the visibility and sensitivity, magnetic nano- and microparticles can be conjugated with the dyes. Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4, γ-Fe2O3) can be used as such magnetic particles, since they are quite easy to obtain and have low toxicity, high chemical stability, and a wide variety of magnetic properties. To ensure fluorescence of magnetic particles, a wide variety of fluorescent dyes associated with such particles are used. The dyes can include morin, naphthalimide derivatives, as well as semiconductor quantum dots. This article provides a review of fluorescent composite micro- and nanoparticles based on xanthene dyes (rhodamine, fluorescein, and pyronine). Such dyes are economically available luminophores, have good binding to the surface of magnetic particles, and therefore can be suitable for luminescent magnetic flaw detection. This review article discusses methods for producing composite nano- and microparticles of iron oxides with xanthene dyes and provides prospects of using composite nano- and microparticles in nondestructive testing methods.

现代工业积极使用金属结构材料来制造创新设备和部件。为了防止在生产过程中出现紧急情况,无损检测方法被用来检测被开发材料表面的缺陷。在各种无损检测方法中,发光磁性探伤法最引人注目,它能以最小的代价识别检测样品表面和表面下的缺陷。众所周知,在某些情况下,由于缺陷本身的形状和位置或物体运行的某些条件,磁粉法无法达到所需的灵敏度。为了提高可见度和灵敏度,可以将纳米和微米磁性颗粒与染料共轭。氧化铁纳米粒子(Fe3O4、γ-Fe2O3)可用作此类磁性粒子,因为它们非常容易获得,而且毒性低、化学稳定性高,并具有多种磁性。为确保磁性微粒的荧光性,可使用多种与此类微粒相关的荧光染料。这些染料包括吗啉、萘二甲酰亚胺衍生物以及半导体量子点。本文综述了基于氧杂蒽染料(罗丹明、荧光素和吡罗宁)的荧光复合微粒和纳米粒子。这些染料是经济实惠的发光体,与磁性粒子表面结合良好,因此适用于发光磁性探伤。这篇综述文章讨论了用呫吨染料生产铁氧化物复合纳米和微颗粒的方法,并展望了在无损检测方法中使用复合纳米和微颗粒的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental and Numerical Study of Superheated Steam Drying for Sliced Avocado 牛油果切片过热蒸汽干燥的实验和数值研究
IF 1.8 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202300323
Dr. Thi Thu Hang Tran, Dr. Kieu Hiep Le

Superheated steam drying (SSD) of sliced avocado is studied by both experiment and theory. An experimental system is built to evaluate the effects of drying temperature and gas velocity on the evaporation rate and color change of the product. Experiments are conducted for ripened Booth avocado from Daklak province of Vietnam. Experimental results show that evaporation is faster at higher temperatures and velocities, but the effect of temperature decreases at higher velocities. At temperatures below 130 °C, the product is not brown, but at a temperature in the range of 130–150 °C, the dried sample is burned. The experimental model is fitted with high accuracy to predict the moisture rate as a function of time. The evaporation processes of SSD are also compared with hot air drying at the same drying conditions. To extend the application ability of the result, the theoretical model is developed on the basis of Fick's law in which the spatial distributions of temperature and moisture are taken into account. The effective diffusivity is determined by an optimization tool with good agreement. This parameter is constant for all drying conditions, so the model can be applied to a huge range of drying conditions. The numerical results show that the temperature is almost uniform in the sample because of high thermal conductivity, but the moisture gradient is significant.

通过实验和理论对牛油果切片的过热蒸汽干燥(SSD)进行了研究。建立了一个实验系统来评估干燥温度和气体速度对产品蒸发率和颜色变化的影响。实验对象是来自越南 Daklak 省的成熟 Booth 牛油果。实验结果表明,温度和速度越高,蒸发速度越快,但温度对速度的影响越小。温度低于 130 ℃ 时,产品不会变褐,但温度在 130-150 ℃ 范围内时,干燥样品会被烧焦。实验模型的拟合精度很高,可以预测水分率与时间的函数关系。在相同的干燥条件下,SSD 的蒸发过程也与热空气干燥进行了比较。为了扩大结果的应用范围,在菲克定律的基础上建立了理论模型,其中考虑了温度和水分的空间分布。有效扩散率是通过优化工具确定的,两者具有良好的一致性。该参数在所有干燥条件下都是恒定的,因此该模型可适用于各种干燥条件。数值结果表明,由于热传导率高,样品中的温度几乎是均匀的,但湿度梯度很大。
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引用次数: 0
Single and Binary Adsorption of Benzene, Phenol, and p-Nitrophenol: Effect of Physical Interactions 苯、苯酚和对硝基苯酚的单吸附和双吸附:物理相互作用的影响
IF 1.8 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202200615
Dr. Yasmine Boutillara, Dr. Sana Tazibet, Dr. Leticia Fernandez Velasco, Yakoub Smati, Moussa Boudjemaa, Zohra Betache

This work aims at emphasizing the impact of different physical interactions such as intermolecular ones between co-adsorbed molecules on the adsorption mechanisms in the liquid phase. Thus, the adsorption of a low concentration (5 ppm) of benzene, phenol, and p-nitrophenol from aqueous medium in single and binary mixture solutions is studied. Two activated carbons were prepared from two different activating agents and used in this regard. The adsorbed amounts are determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed the great importance of the aforementioned interactions in the adsorption of phenol, particularly the interactions with the co-adsorbed compounds. Indeed, phenol was remarkably better retained in binary mixture solutions than in a single one.

这项研究旨在强调不同物理相互作用(如共吸附分子之间的分子间相互作用)对液相吸附机制的影响。因此,研究了在单一溶液和二元混合物溶液中低浓度(5 ppm)苯、苯酚和对硝基苯酚对水介质的吸附。使用两种不同的活化剂制备了两种活性炭。吸附量由高效液相色谱法测定。结果表明,上述相互作用对苯酚的吸附,特别是与共吸附化合物之间的相互作用非常重要。事实上,苯酚在二元混合溶液中的吸附效果明显优于单一溶液。
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引用次数: 0
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Chemical Engineering & Technology
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