Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100535
Lu Lu , Shihao Ni , Xingling He , Yusheng Huang , Xingling Chen , Zhongqi Yang
Introduction
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have been used in China for hundreds, and in some cases, thousands of years, accumulating substantial clinical experience known as "TCM Human Use Experience." These medicines are also widely used in modern medical institutions, presenting the challenge of leveraging this extensive experience and applying modern evidence-based medicine and pharmaceutical methods for the scientific research and development of new drugs from ethnic medicines.
Methods
A literature and regulatory search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and relevant national databases (CDE, FDA, PMDA, EMA) to collect peer-reviewed studies and policies on TCM human use experience and its integration into modern drug development. In total, 112 articles and regulations were reviewed, with 12 excluded due to irrelevance to empirical TCM applications.
Results
Our review identifies the methodological challenges and innovations necessary for integrating TCM into the modern medical landscape. We propose a systematic approach for the collection and analysis of TCM clinical data, including the establishment of a standardized database for TCM human use experience, the translation of TCM concepts into modern medical practices, and ensuring efficacy, safety, and regulatory compliance through rigorous data methodologies.
Discussion
Our findings advocate for a balanced approach that respects the rich heritage of TCM while embracing contemporary scientific and clinical standards. This integration has the potential to enrich global healthcare with diverse, evidence-based treatment options, significantly contributing to the broader acceptance and integration of TCM into global healthcare systems.
导言传统中药（TCM）在中国已经使用了数百年，有时甚至数千年，积累了丰富的临床经验，被称为 "中药人体使用经验"。方法利用 PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI 和相关国家数据库（CDE、FDA、PMDA、EMA）进行文献和法规检索，以收集有关中医药人体使用经验及其与现代药物开发相结合的同行评议研究和政策。结果我们的研究发现了将中药融入现代医学所需的方法学挑战和创新。我们提出了收集和分析中医临床数据的系统方法，包括建立标准化的中医人体使用经验数据库，将中医概念转化为现代医疗实践，以及通过严格的数据方法确保疗效、安全性和合规性。讨论我们的研究结果主张采取一种平衡的方法，既尊重中医的丰富遗产，又接受现代科学和临床标准。这种整合有可能为全球医疗保健提供多样化的循证治疗方案，极大地促进中医药被更广泛地接受并融入全球医疗保健体系。
{"title":"From tradition to evidence-base: Leveraging TCM human use experience in modern drug development","authors":"Lu Lu , Shihao Ni , Xingling He , Yusheng Huang , Xingling Chen , Zhongqi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have been used in China for hundreds, and in some cases, thousands of years, accumulating substantial clinical experience known as \"TCM Human Use Experience.\" These medicines are also widely used in modern medical institutions, presenting the challenge of leveraging this extensive experience and applying modern evidence-based medicine and pharmaceutical methods for the scientific research and development of new drugs from ethnic medicines.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature and regulatory search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and relevant national databases (CDE, FDA, PMDA, EMA) to collect peer-reviewed studies and policies on TCM human use experience and its integration into modern drug development. In total, 112 articles and regulations were reviewed, with 12 excluded due to irrelevance to empirical TCM applications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our review identifies the methodological challenges and innovations necessary for integrating TCM into the modern medical landscape. We propose a systematic approach for the collection and analysis of TCM clinical data, including the establishment of a standardized database for TCM human use experience, the translation of TCM concepts into modern medical practices, and ensuring efficacy, safety, and regulatory compliance through rigorous data methodologies.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our findings advocate for a balanced approach that respects the rich heritage of TCM while embracing contemporary scientific and clinical standards. This integration has the potential to enrich global healthcare with diverse, evidence-based treatment options, significantly contributing to the broader acceptance and integration of TCM into global healthcare systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taraxasterol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid which was first discovered from the roots of Taraxacum officinale. However, it is generally found in the Taraxacum genus (Pugongying in Chinese). It has been reported to possess several medicinal properties, and modulate several biochemical and metabolic signaling pathways as a means of exerting its pharmacological effects. Even though some biological effects have been ascribed to taraxasterol, it is still being explored for more therapeutic benefits. This review aimed to highlight the relevance of taraxasterol as an antidiabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and an antioxidant agent.
Methods
Articles for this review were searched on Scopus, Nature, SpringerLink and PubMed databases. The keywords used for the search were “taraxasterol pharmacology”, “taraxasterol antioxidant”, “taraxasterol cancer”, “taraxasterol biosynthesis” and “taraxasterol antidiabetic”. Relevance and report of distinct mechanisms of action were considered in the selection.
Results
This review underlines the therapeutic potential of taraxasterol in cancer and diabetes conditions, while also highlighting its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Some specific biochemical pathways that are modulated due to the pharmacological effect of taraxasterol were diagrammatically represented.
Conclusions
It is hoped that this review would stimulate interest in taraxasterol by focusing on its pharmacological relevance, specific mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics. This might facilitate its eventual development into drug and adoption into treatment regimen of various diseases.
{"title":"Pharmacological relevance of taraxasterol: A review","authors":"Olabisi Tajudeen Obafemi , Ademola Olabode Ayeleso , Blessing Ariyo Obafemi , Olusola Bolaji Adewale , Benjamin Olusola Omiyale , Sogolo Lucky Lebelo , Monde McMillan Ntwasa","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Taraxasterol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid which was first discovered from the roots of <em>Taraxacum officinale</em>. However, it is generally found in the <em>Taraxacum</em> genus (Pugongying in Chinese). It has been reported to possess several medicinal properties, and modulate several biochemical and metabolic signaling pathways as a means of exerting its pharmacological effects. Even though some biological effects have been ascribed to taraxasterol, it is still being explored for more therapeutic benefits. This review aimed to highlight the relevance of taraxasterol as an antidiabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and an antioxidant agent.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Articles for this review were searched on Scopus, Nature, SpringerLink and PubMed databases. The keywords used for the search were “taraxasterol pharmacology”, “taraxasterol antioxidant”, “taraxasterol cancer”, “taraxasterol biosynthesis” and “taraxasterol antidiabetic”. Relevance and report of distinct mechanisms of action were considered in the selection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This review underlines the therapeutic potential of taraxasterol in cancer and diabetes conditions, while also highlighting its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Some specific biochemical pathways that are modulated due to the pharmacological effect of taraxasterol were diagrammatically represented.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>It is hoped that this review would stimulate interest in taraxasterol by focusing on its pharmacological relevance, specific mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics. This might facilitate its eventual development into drug and adoption into treatment regimen of various diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100530
Debarupa Hajra, Anirban Chouni, Santanu Paul
Objective
As ongoing research continues, many anti-diabetic agents still have a multitude of side effects which is the reason why more and more people resort to traditional medicines such as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). There are many Therapeutic Species of Sterculia spp. that are commonly used in TCM practices. Here, we have studied one of such TCM herbal plants, namely Sterculia villosa Roxb. (Chinese: 绒毛苹婆), for its anti-diabetic potential. In this way, the study intends to assess its effectiveness and examine its suitability as a raw natural medicine for diabetes management in traditional medicine.
Method
In-vitro anti-diabetic property was evaluated by α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition and glucose uptake assays. Metabolomic profiling by GC–MS was conducted to determine the probable phyto-constituents in S. villosa. These phyto-compounds were further subjected to in-silico molecular docking studies, identifying stigmasterol as the most potent anti-diabetic phyto-compound. Glucose uptake efficacy was estimated by a fluorescence microplate reader employing glucose analog, 2-NBDG. Molecular dynamic studies (MDS) were carried out with GROMACS to comprehend the protein-ligand binding stability.
Results
Stigmasterol showed enhanced enzyme inhibition for both α-amylase (IC50 23.84±1.37 μM) and α-glucosidase (IC50 39.56±1.5 μM). Line-weaver Burk plot revealed competitive and mixed modes of inhibition for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. The GC-–MS analysis identified 23 vital phyto-compounds present in the methanolic extract of the S. villosa leaves. Upon screening against crucial anti-diabetic proteins by in-silico molecular docking, stigmasterol followed by lupeol, Stigmasta-3,5-diene, and γ-sitosterol were found to be the most effective lead compounds. Stigmasterol also showed potent hypoglycaemic efficacy, as evidenced by augmentation of 2-NBDG glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells. The docking and simulation studies against four crucial anti-diabetic targets, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, GLUT 4, and IRS-1, predicted that stigmasterol exhibits a multi-pronged anti-diabetic activity mediated by α-amylase inhibition and activation of IRS1 pathway, simultaneously. The MDS studies highlighted that stigmasterol showed stable interactions with these four proteins, as evidenced by the RMSD, RMSF and hydrogen bond analysis.
Conclusion
The results of this study are intriguing, as they identify stigmasterol, sourced from the medicinal plant S. villosa, as a potential breakthrough in the field of diabetic remediation. This discovery paves the way for further research and development of stigmasterol as a more effective and safer treatment for diabetes.
{"title":"Phytochemistry, antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of Sterculia villosa in-vitro","authors":"Debarupa Hajra, Anirban Chouni, Santanu Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>As ongoing research continues, many anti-diabetic agents still have a multitude of side effects which is the reason why more and more people resort to traditional medicines such as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). There are many Therapeutic Species of <em>Sterculia</em> spp. that are commonly used in TCM practices. Here, we have studied one of such TCM herbal plants, namely <em>Sterculia villosa</em> Roxb. (Chinese: 绒毛苹婆), for its anti-diabetic potential. In this way, the study intends to assess its effectiveness and examine its suitability as a raw natural medicine for diabetes management in traditional medicine.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div><em>In-vitro</em> anti-diabetic property was evaluated by <em>α</em>-amylase and <em>α</em>-glucosidase enzyme inhibition and glucose uptake assays. Metabolomic profiling by GC–MS was conducted to determine the probable phyto-constituents in <em>S. villosa</em>. These phyto-compounds were further subjected to <em>in-silico</em> molecular docking studies, identifying stigmasterol as the most potent anti-diabetic phyto-compound. Glucose uptake efficacy was estimated by a fluorescence microplate reader employing glucose analog, 2-NBDG. Molecular dynamic studies (MDS) were carried out with GROMACS to comprehend the protein-ligand binding stability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Stigmasterol showed enhanced enzyme inhibition for both <em>α-</em>amylase (IC<sub>50</sub> 23.84±1.37 μM) and <em>α-</em>glucosidase (IC<sub>50</sub> 39.56±1.5 μM). Line-weaver Burk plot revealed competitive and mixed modes of inhibition for <em>α-</em>amylase and <em>α-</em>glucosidase, respectively. The GC-–MS analysis identified 23 vital phyto-compounds present in the methanolic extract of the <em>S. villosa</em> leaves. Upon screening against crucial anti-diabetic proteins by <em>in-silico</em> molecular docking, stigmasterol followed by lupeol, Stigmasta-3,5-diene, and γ-sitosterol were found to be the most effective lead compounds. Stigmasterol also showed potent hypoglycaemic efficacy, as evidenced by augmentation of 2-NBDG glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells. The docking and simulation studies against four crucial anti-diabetic targets, <em>α-</em>amylase, <em>α-</em>glucosidase, GLUT 4, and IRS-1, predicted that stigmasterol exhibits a multi-pronged anti-diabetic activity mediated by <em>α</em>-amylase inhibition and activation of IRS1 pathway, simultaneously. The MDS studies highlighted that stigmasterol showed stable interactions with these four proteins, as evidenced by the RMSD, RMSF and hydrogen bond analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of this study are intriguing, as they identify stigmasterol, sourced from the medicinal plant <em>S. villosa</em>, as a potential breakthrough in the field of diabetic remediation. This discovery paves the way for further research and development of stigmasterol as a more effective and safer treatment for diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100529
Ran Liu , Yichen Ding , Xinyan Jiang , Ruijuan Dong , Yuting Zhang , Yutong Hua , Cong Gai , Peng Wei
Introduction
Peptide drugs are highly regarded for their therapeutic versatility, safety, and efficacy in treating conditions like cancer, hepatitis, and diabetes. Animal-derived Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) are promising peptide sources, often outperforming plant-based alternatives. The therapeutic effects of leeches, earthworms, and Eupolyphaga sinensis Walkers in thrombosis and blood stasis have been clinically validated, with anticoagulant peptides as key components; however, their pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. This review categorizes and summarizes anticoagulant peptides from animal-derived TCMs by species.
Methods
This study explores the important role of anticoagulant peptides from animal-sourced medicine in treating thrombosis-related diseases. A literature search using keywords like “anticoagulant peptides,” “leech peptides,” and “earthworm peptides” yielded over 120 articles, of which 85 were selected. Priority was given to studies from the past 20 years, while significant historical research was also noted. Articles lacking specific information on the animal sources of these peptides were excluded. Data were obtained from a diverse range of references, including both ancient and modern texts, the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Springer, and CNKI.
Conclusion
This study reviews six promising animal-derived anticoagulant drugs currently in clinical use: leeches, earthworms, scorpions, Eupolyphaga sinensis Walkers, and centipedes. Key peptides under development include hirudin (Hirudo nipponica), WP-30 (Whitmania pigra), Lomburkinase (Eisenia foetida). These peptides exhibit potent anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and anti-inflammatory effects, rendering them valuable in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, amenorrhea, cerebral thrombosis, and atherosclerosis.
Discussion
This study critically evaluates the therapeutic mechanisms of anticoagulant peptides in animal-sourced medicines, emphasizing the potential of peptide-based therapies across different strains of the same species for traditional Chinese medicine and modern clinical use. Despite promising potential, challenges such as low bioavailability, difficulties in peptide identification, pharmacological evaluation, and toxicity assessment persist. Addressing these issues will facilitate deeper exploration and development of peptide-based therapies.
{"title":"Anticoagulant peptides derived from animal-sourced traditional Chinese medicine and their pharmacological effects","authors":"Ran Liu , Yichen Ding , Xinyan Jiang , Ruijuan Dong , Yuting Zhang , Yutong Hua , Cong Gai , Peng Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Peptide drugs are highly regarded for their therapeutic versatility, safety, and efficacy in treating conditions like cancer, hepatitis, and diabetes. Animal-derived Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) are promising peptide sources, often outperforming plant-based alternatives. The therapeutic effects of leeches, earthworms, and <em>Eupolyphaga sinensis Walkers</em> in thrombosis and blood stasis have been clinically validated, with anticoagulant peptides as key components; however, their pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. This review categorizes and summarizes anticoagulant peptides from animal-derived TCMs by species.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study explores the important role of anticoagulant peptides from animal-sourced medicine in treating thrombosis-related diseases. A literature search using keywords like “anticoagulant peptides,” “leech peptides,” and “earthworm peptides” yielded over 120 articles, of which 85 were selected. Priority was given to studies from the past 20 years, while significant historical research was also noted. Articles lacking specific information on the animal sources of these peptides were excluded. Data were obtained from a diverse range of references, including both ancient and modern texts, the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Springer, and CNKI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reviews six promising animal-derived anticoagulant drugs currently in clinical use: leeches, earthworms, scorpions, <em>Eupolyphaga sinensis Walkers</em>, and centipedes. Key peptides under development include hirudin (<em>Hirudo nipponica</em>), WP-30 (<em>Whitmania pigra</em>), Lomburkinase (<em>Eisenia foetida</em>). These peptides exhibit potent anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and anti-inflammatory effects, rendering them valuable in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, amenorrhea, cerebral thrombosis, and atherosclerosis.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study critically evaluates the therapeutic mechanisms of anticoagulant peptides in animal-sourced medicines, emphasizing the potential of peptide-based therapies across different strains of the same species for traditional Chinese medicine and modern clinical use. Despite promising potential, challenges such as low bioavailability, difficulties in peptide identification, pharmacological evaluation, and toxicity assessment persist. Addressing these issues will facilitate deeper exploration and development of peptide-based therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100527
Karthik K Karunakar , Binoy Varghese Cheriyan , Ramaiyan Velmurugan , Meenaloshini Gopalakrishnan , Karthikha VS
Background
Hinokitiol (β-thujaplicin), a naturally occurring tropolone derivative, exhibits multifaceted pharmacological properties. The aim of this review is to explore the medicinal potential of hinokitiol in different biological systems.
Objectives
To systematically investigate hinokitiol's anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antineoplastic properties; explore its molecular mechanisms of action; determine its toxicological profile; and future research.
Methods
We conducted a search on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for research publications. Initially, we recognized 300 studies. Following a comprehensive analysis, 186 studies reported the pharmacological properties of hinokitiol. We excluded articles that either lacked experimental rigor or provided insufficient mechanistic insight.
Results
Hinokitiol demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of NF-κB, MAPK, and associated signaling cascades. Its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity has bactericidal, fungicidal, and antiviral properties, with unique mechanisms of action that may circumvent conventional resistance pathways. Anticancer effects have been observed in multiple neoplastic cell lines and animal models, including breast, lung, endometrial, and hepatocellular carcinomas, mediated through induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and modulation of autophagic processes. Additional studies indicate antioxidant, neuroprotective, and dermatological benefits. Toxicological assessments suggest favorable tolerability at therapeutic doses, though comprehensive human safety data remain limited.
Conclusions
Hinokitiol shows significant potential for treating infections, inflammation, and cancers by targeting key cellular pathways. However, further research is needed to optimize its dosage, ensure safety, and improve bioavailability for clinical use. While promising, more studies are required to translate its preclinical success into effective therapies.
{"title":"Mechanistic insights and therapeutic applications of Hinokitiol in Inflammation, Antimicrobial therapy, and Cancer","authors":"Karthik K Karunakar , Binoy Varghese Cheriyan , Ramaiyan Velmurugan , Meenaloshini Gopalakrishnan , Karthikha VS","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hinokitiol (β-thujaplicin), a naturally occurring tropolone derivative, exhibits multifaceted pharmacological properties. The aim of this review is to explore the medicinal potential of hinokitiol in different biological systems.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To systematically investigate hinokitiol's anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antineoplastic properties; explore its molecular mechanisms of action; determine its toxicological profile; and future research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a search on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for research publications. Initially, we recognized 300 studies. Following a comprehensive analysis, 186 studies reported the pharmacological properties of hinokitiol. We excluded articles that either lacked experimental rigor or provided insufficient mechanistic insight.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hinokitiol demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of NF-κB, MAPK, and associated signaling cascades. Its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity has bactericidal, fungicidal, and antiviral properties, with unique mechanisms of action that may circumvent conventional resistance pathways. Anticancer effects have been observed in multiple neoplastic cell lines and animal models, including breast, lung, endometrial, and hepatocellular carcinomas, mediated through induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and modulation of autophagic processes. Additional studies indicate antioxidant, neuroprotective, and dermatological benefits. Toxicological assessments suggest favorable tolerability at therapeutic doses, though comprehensive human safety data remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Hinokitiol shows significant potential for treating infections, inflammation, and cancers by targeting key cellular pathways. However, further research is needed to optimize its dosage, ensure safety, and improve bioavailability for clinical use. While promising, more studies are required to translate its preclinical success into effective therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100526
Wen Zhang , Sen Zhang , Haiguang Yang , Yangyang He , Xue Zhang , Rong Yan , Junke Song , Xiaobin Pang , Guanhua Du
{"title":"Editor's Note on “Salvianolic acids for injection alleviates cerebral ischemia-induced neurodegeneration by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and neuroinflammation” [PRMCM, 6 (2023) 100211]","authors":"Wen Zhang , Sen Zhang , Haiguang Yang , Yangyang He , Xue Zhang , Rong Yan , Junke Song , Xiaobin Pang , Guanhua Du","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100526","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100525
Zimeng Li , Hongyan Li
Echinacoside, a principal active compound derived from Cistanche deserticola Ma, is recognized in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-aging, immunomodulatory, endocrine-regulating, and neuroprotective properties. However, the specific neuroprotective mechanisms of echinacoside remain largely unclear. This study aims to investigate whether the neuroprotective effects of echinacoside in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD) are mediated through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway by mitigating inflammatory responses. Mice were divided into four groups: control, model, positive control, and echinacoside-treated groups. PD mouse model was induced through intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) over the course of one week, followed by three weeks of oral administration of echinacoside. The results demonstrated that echinacoside significantly improved motor function impairments caused by MPTP in PD mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that echinacoside enhanced the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra of PD mice. Furthermore, assays of inflammatory cytokines indicated that echinacoside effectively reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in brain tissues. Western blot analysis further confirmed that echinacoside intervention upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the brain tissues of PD mice. These findings suggest that echinacoside exerts neuroprotective effects in the PD mouse model, likely through the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Therefore, echinacoside may be considered a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PD.
{"title":"Neuroprotective effect of echinoside on MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model by activation of NRF2/HO-1 pathway","authors":"Zimeng Li , Hongyan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Echinacoside, a principal active compound derived from <em>Cistanche deserticola</em> Ma, is recognized in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-aging, immunomodulatory, endocrine-regulating, and neuroprotective properties. However, the specific neuroprotective mechanisms of echinacoside remain largely unclear. This study aims to investigate whether the neuroprotective effects of echinacoside in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD) are mediated through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway by mitigating inflammatory responses. Mice were divided into four groups: control, model, positive control, and echinacoside-treated groups. PD mouse model was induced through intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) over the course of one week, followed by three weeks of oral administration of echinacoside. The results demonstrated that echinacoside significantly improved motor function impairments caused by MPTP in PD mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that echinacoside enhanced the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra of PD mice. Furthermore, assays of inflammatory cytokines indicated that echinacoside effectively reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in brain tissues. Western blot analysis further confirmed that echinacoside intervention upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the brain tissues of PD mice. These findings suggest that echinacoside exerts neuroprotective effects in the PD mouse model, likely through the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Therefore, echinacoside may be considered a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100520
Zirong Pan , Nannan Liu , Guodong Ma , Sen Zhang , Chengdi Liu , Ziyuan Zhao , Linglei Kong , Guanhua Du
{"title":"Erratum to “Xiaoshuan Tongluo recipe alleviated acute hyperglycemia-enhanced hemorrhagic transformation by regulating microglia polarization in thromboembolic stroke rats” [Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine (2023) 100315]","authors":"Zirong Pan , Nannan Liu , Guodong Ma , Sen Zhang , Chengdi Liu , Ziyuan Zhao , Linglei Kong , Guanhua Du","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100514
Mengbai Xu , Yueyun Liu , Chenyue Liu , Zhe Xue , Jianbei Chen , Yanfen Liu , Jiaxu Chen
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Investigating the mechanisms of Xiaoyaosan on premenstrual dysphoric disorder using metabolomics technology” [Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine 10C (2024) /100398] 2","authors":"Mengbai Xu , Yueyun Liu , Chenyue Liu , Zhe Xue , Jianbei Chen , Yanfen Liu , Jiaxu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100514","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100524
Nuolin Shi , Mingjie Li , Xuehui Li , Xinxin Hou , Mingzhu Wang , Zhongya Ni , Shan Lin , Liang Hu , Fuwen Yuan
Introduction
The herbal formula Chouchunpi San (CCPS) is a traditional formula that has been widely used and proven effective in various clinical cancer treatments. However, the mechanism of its anticancer effect remains unclear. This study aims to determine the anti-tumor effect of CCPS on colorectal cancer (CRC) in vivo and in vitro and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Methods
Cell counting kit-8 assays, colony-forming assays, and flow cytometry for cell cycle and apoptosis assays were employed to determine the anti-tumor roles of CCPS. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), network pharmacology, molecular docking, analysis of real-world clinical datasets of CRC, and western blotting were conducted to explore the molecular mechanism of CCPS on CRC. CRC xenografted mouse model, western blotting, and public CRC data analysis were conducted to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy and mechanisms of CCPS on CRC.
Results
CCPS suppresses the growth of CRC cells and increases the number of apoptotic cells dose-dependently. CCPS targets and significantly downregulates RPA1 and enhances the phosphorylation of its downstream effectors, ATR and CHK1, which are critical for CRC progression. Additionally, CCPS shows a comparable anti-tumor effect in CRC xenografted mouse models compared to Capecitabine, a chemotherapy drug commonly used in clinics.
Discussion
Our findings demonstrate the potential use of CCPS in cancer treatment by suppressing cancer cell growth and modulating the RPA1/ATR/CHK1 signaling pathway in CRC. Further investigations on the application of CCPS in cancer therapies could be extended to evaluate the potential in vivo toxicity and adverse events, as well as the synergistic effect of CCPS in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents.
{"title":"Integrative study to determine the anti-tumor role and mechanism of Chouchunpi San in colorectal cancer","authors":"Nuolin Shi , Mingjie Li , Xuehui Li , Xinxin Hou , Mingzhu Wang , Zhongya Ni , Shan Lin , Liang Hu , Fuwen Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The herbal formula Chouchunpi San (CCPS) is a traditional formula that has been widely used and proven effective in various clinical cancer treatments. However, the mechanism of its anticancer effect remains unclear. This study aims to determine the anti-tumor effect of CCPS on colorectal cancer (CRC) <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cell counting kit-8 assays, colony-forming assays, and flow cytometry for cell cycle and apoptosis assays were employed to determine the anti-tumor roles of CCPS. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), network pharmacology, molecular docking, analysis of real-world clinical datasets of CRC, and western blotting were conducted to explore the molecular mechanism of CCPS on CRC. CRC xenografted mouse model, western blotting, and public CRC data analysis were conducted to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy and mechanisms of CCPS on CRC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CCPS suppresses the growth of CRC cells and increases the number of apoptotic cells dose-dependently. CCPS targets and significantly downregulates RPA1 and enhances the phosphorylation of its downstream effectors, ATR and CHK1, which are critical for CRC progression. Additionally, CCPS shows a comparable anti-tumor effect in CRC xenografted mouse models compared to Capecitabine, a chemotherapy drug commonly used in clinics.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our findings demonstrate the potential use of CCPS in cancer treatment by suppressing cancer cell growth and modulating the RPA1/ATR/CHK1 signaling pathway in CRC. Further investigations on the application of CCPS in cancer therapies could be extended to evaluate the potential <em>in vivo</em> toxicity and adverse events, as well as the synergistic effect of CCPS in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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