Pharmacological Research - Natural Products最新文献_第4页

Mechanistic elucidation of phloretin in the management of cataract based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in-vivo experimental studies 基于网络药理学、分子对接和体内实验研究阐明根皮素在白内障治疗中的作用机制

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100511

Anshul Ram , Umashankar Nirmalkar , Jaya Shree , Swarnali Das Paul , Shekhar Verma , Rajesh Choudhary

Backgrounds

Cataract is the leading cause of ocular blindness, which is mainly associated with oxidative stress. The study evaluated and elucidated the molecular mechanism of phloretin, a potent antioxidant flavonoid, against cataract using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo experimental studies.

Methods

The Molecular mechanism of phloretin against cataract was elucidated using computational tools and a database. Further, therapeutic and pathophysiological insights of phloretin were evaluated against the naphthalene-induced cataract model in Sprague Dawley albino rats (either sex, 12–15 weeks, 150–180 g). The anticataract activity of Phloretin at a dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o., was assessed against the naphthalene (1 g/kg/day, p.o., for four weeks) induced model. The progression of lens opacity was assessed weekly, and pathophysiological markers were assessed after completion of experiments.

Results

In-silico studies revealed that NFKB1 is the most favorable key target for phloretin to manage cataract by modulating PI3K-Akt, MAPK, Ras, and cellular senescence signaling pathways. The in-vivo study showed that phloretin treatments at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg considerably retained the lens transparency and mitigated the progression of cataract formation. Phloretin treatments significantly (P < 0.05) restored the worsened pathophysiological markers indicated by increasing antioxidants (CAT, SOD, and GSH), protein contents, and Ca^2 +ATPase activity and decreasing lipid peroxidant (MDA), nitrite contents, and Ca²⁺ ion.

Conclusion

On the basis of the findings, phloretin shows potential beneficial effects in the management of cataract. These effects might be associated with the mitigation of oxidative stress and modulation of NFKB1 and PTPN11 action, which needs to be validated in future studies.

白内障是导致眼盲的主要原因，主要与氧化应激有关。本研究通过网络药理学、分子对接和体内实验研究等方法，评价并阐明了有效抗氧化剂黄酮类化合物根皮素抗白内障的分子机制。方法利用计算工具和数据库分析根皮素抗白内障的分子机制。此外，我们还对Sprague Dawley白化大鼠（雌雄均可，12-15周，150-180 g）萘致白内障模型进行了皮鞘素的治疗和病理生理观察。以萘（1 g/kg/day, p.o.，连续4周）诱导的模型为对照，评估了50和100 mg/kg/day剂量的根皮素的抗白内障活性。每周评估晶状体混浊的进展情况，实验结束后评估病理生理指标。结果研究表明，NFKB1是根皮素通过调节PI3K-Akt、MAPK、Ras和细胞衰老信号通路来治疗白内障的最有利的关键靶点。体内研究表明，50和100 mg/kg剂量的根皮素治疗可显著保持晶状体透明度并减缓白内障形成的进展。根皮素处理显著（P <； 0.05）恢复了恶化的病理生理指标，提高了抗氧化剂（CAT、SOD和GSH）、蛋白质含量和Ca2 + atp酶活性，降低了脂质过氧化物（MDA）、亚硝酸盐含量和Ca2+离子。结论在此基础上，根皮素在白内障治疗中具有潜在的有益作用。这些作用可能与减轻氧化应激和调节NFKB1和PTPN11的作用有关，这需要在未来的研究中得到验证。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the potential of Atropa belladonna as a source of novel therapeutic agents for neurological disorders: A comprehensive review 探索颠茄作为神经系统疾病新型治疗剂的潜力：综合综述

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100499

Manka Marycleopha , Bachir Yaou Balarabe , Satish Kumar

Objectives

This review examines the therapeutic potential of Atropa belladonna for neurological disorders by analyzing its chemical composition, extraction methods, clinical applications, and mechanisms of action. It highlights essential alkaloids, such as atropine and scopolamine, and their neuropharmacological effects, especially in Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, it identifies research gaps related to toxicity, standardization, and clinical validation.

Methods

A systematic literature review was conducted utilizing electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. This search aimed to explore studies regarding the chemical constituents, therapeutic applications, extraction techniques, and mechanisms of action of Atropa belladonna alkaloids in neurological disorders. Articles that did not provide details on bioactive compound extraction methods or used synthesized compounds were excluded to ensure a focus on naturally derived compounds.

Results

Findings suggest that Atropa belladonna possesses neuroprotective and anticholinergic properties, potentially benefiting conditions like Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy. However, toxicity concerns, a lack of extraction standardization, and limited clinical evidence present significant challenges. Case studies report both therapeutic and toxic effects, highlighting the need for caution.

Conclusion

Despite its promising neuropharmacological potential, Atropa belladonna remains under-researched in clinical settings. Further studies are needed to optimize extraction methods, minimize toxicity risks, and standardize dosages for safe therapeutic use. Tackling these challenges could position Atropa belladonna as a viable source for novel neurological applications and treatments.

目的从颠茄的化学成分、提取方法、临床应用及作用机制等方面综述颠茄对神经系统疾病的治疗潜力。它强调了必需的生物碱，如阿托品和东莨菪碱，以及它们的神经药理作用，特别是在帕金森病中。此外，它还确定了与毒性、标准化和临床验证相关的研究差距。方法利用PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、b谷歌Scholar等电子数据库进行系统的文献综述。本研究旨在探讨颠茄生物碱在神经系统疾病中的化学成分、治疗应用、提取技术和作用机制。没有提供生物活性化合物提取方法或使用的合成化合物的详细信息的文章被排除在外，以确保关注天然衍生化合物。研究结果表明颠茄具有神经保护和抗胆碱能特性，可能对帕金森病和癫痫等疾病有益。然而，毒性问题、缺乏提取标准化和有限的临床证据提出了重大挑战。案例研究报告了治疗和毒性作用，强调了谨慎的必要性。结论尽管颠茄具有良好的神经药理潜力，但其临床研究仍不足。需要进一步的研究来优化提取方法，最大限度地降低毒性风险，并规范剂量以安全治疗。解决这些挑战可以使颠茄成为新的神经应用和治疗的可行来源。

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引用次数: 0

In-silico molecular docking of berberine HCl and gallic acid: A multi-targeted approach for diabetic nephropathy 小檗碱HCl和没食子酸的硅分子对接：糖尿病肾病的多靶点治疗方法

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100502

P. Roshan Ali , Gottimukkala Rakshitha , V.V. Rajesham , Kavirayani Naga Lakshmi Shivani , Rajinikanth Sagapola , S. Sravanthi

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a major contributor to end-stage renal disease, demands therapeutic approaches that can address its complex and multi-pathway progression. This study evaluates the synergistic renoprotective potential of Gallic Acid and berberine hydrochloride using a multi-target in-silico strategy aimed at providing a more comprehensive intervention against DN. Molecular docking revealed strong interactions of both compounds with several DN-related proteins, including human pancreatic alpha-amylase (1B2Y), GSK-3β (1UV5), RXR-α/PPAR-γ (1FM6), DPP-IV (3BJM), ERK2 (4IZ5), PPAR-γ (5U5L), maltase-glucoamylase (2QMJ), GFPT1 (2V4M), insulin receptor kinase (1GAG), 11β-HSD1 (3CH6), and AKT1 (3O96). Berberine HCl showed strong affinity for TGF-β (-11.4 kcal/mol) and PPAR-γ (-8.5 kcal/mol), suggesting effects on fibrotic modulation and improved insulin response. Gallic Acid demonstrated considerable binding to NF-κB (-9.0 kcal/mol) and aldose reductase (-6.6 kcal/mol), indicating its potential to reduce inflammatory activity and oxidative stress. Together, these findings highlight the ability of the two compounds to influence multiple pathological mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative injury, fibrotic processes, and glucose dysregulation. Pharmacokinetic evaluation indicated favourable drug-likeness, minimal predicted hepatotoxicity, and compatibility for combined oral delivery. Comparative analysis further suggested that this dual-compound approach may offer greater predicted therapeutic benefit than standard DN therapies such as ACE inhibitors. These results support the development of this combination as a promising multi-mechanistic strategy for DN and provide a foundation for future in-vitro and in-vivo validation.

糖尿病肾病（DN）是终末期肾脏疾病的主要原因，需要能够解决其复杂和多途径进展的治疗方法。本研究评估了没食子酸和盐酸小檗碱的协同保护潜力，采用多靶点芯片策略，旨在为DN提供更全面的干预。分子对接发现，这两种化合物与几种dn相关蛋白有强相互作用，包括人胰腺α -淀粉酶（1B2Y）、GSK-3β (1UV5)、RXR-α/PPAR-γ (1FM6)、DPP-IV （3BJM）、ERK2 （4IZ5）、PPAR-γ (5U5L)、麦尔葡糖淀粉酶（2QMJ）、GFPT1 （2V4M）、胰岛素受体激酶（1GAG）、11β-HSD1 （3CH6）和AKT1 （3O96）。小檗碱HCl对TGF-β（-11.4 kcal/mol）和PPAR-γ（-8.5 kcal/mol）具有较强的亲和力，提示其对纤维化调节和胰岛素反应有改善作用。没食子酸显示出与NF-κB（-9.0 kcal/mol）和醛糖还原酶（-6.6 kcal/mol）的显著结合，表明其具有降低炎症活性和氧化应激的潜力。总之，这些发现强调了这两种化合物影响多种病理机制的能力，包括炎症、氧化损伤、纤维化过程和葡萄糖失调。药代动力学评价显示良好的药物相似性，最小的预测肝毒性，以及联合口服给药的相容性。对比分析进一步表明，这种双复合方法可能比标准DN治疗（如ACE抑制剂）提供更大的预测治疗效果。这些结果支持了这种联合治疗DN的多机制策略的发展，并为未来的体外和体内验证奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into therapeutic properties of Ocimum sanctum: Current trends and future prospects 洞悉至圣草的治疗特性：当前趋势和未来前景

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100503

Priya Yadav , Meheravi Shinde , Ritu Gill , Mohmmad Wahid Ansari , Sarvajeet Singh Gill

Herbal medicine, an essential part of the conventional medicinal system around the world, has greatly helped prevent and cure various diseases since ancient times. Medicinal plants are frequently exploited by conventional medical experts because of their pharmacological abilities. For the pharmaceutical sector and medical professionals, Ocimum sanctum L. is the most important source of drugs. As O. sanctum supports resistance against disease and good health with a unique action of pharmacological effects. Numerous disorders can be effectively treated using secondary metabolites of O. sanctum. Because of its high phenolic content and antioxidant qualities, the extract of this plant shields the body against harm caused by toxins. There has been a constant need to increase its productivity utilizing contemporary technologies because of its extreme demand and low production of secondary metabolites or pharmacological compounds. In order to close this gap, this study offers a thorough examination of the bioactive secondary metabolites such as rosmarinic acid, oleanolic acid, luteolin, ursolic acid and limonene etc. found in O. sanctum, along with the medical advantages. These metabolites have qualities like anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticholinergic, pain-relieving, antibacterial, stress-reducing, antidiabetic, anticancer, liver-protective, ulcer-inhibiting, antifungal, wound-healing and antioxidant. The pharmacological significance of the above-mentioned metabolites has been emphasized in this review article. Additionally, by examining the present literature, this review also focuses on docking and in-silico studies with the goal of identifying research gaps and suggesting future study areas. Using a wide range of secondary metabolites, research based on in silico approaches can forecast potential tangible and possible drug compounds for more effective medications with fewer adverse effects.

草药是世界各地传统医学体系的重要组成部分，自古以来就在预防和治疗各种疾病方面发挥了重要作用。药用植物因其药理作用而经常被传统医学专家利用。对于制药部门和医疗专业人员来说，圣草是最重要的药物来源。作为一种独特的药理作用，支持抵抗疾病和身体健康。利用O. sanctum的次生代谢物可以有效地治疗许多疾病。由于其高酚含量和抗氧化特性，这种植物的提取物可以保护身体免受毒素的伤害。由于其对次级代谢物或药理学化合物的极端需求和低产量，一直需要利用现代技术提高其生产力。为了缩小这一差距，本研究对圣草中发现的迷迭香酸、齐齐果酸、木犀草素、熊果酸和柠檬烯等生物活性次生代谢物进行了深入的研究，以及它们的医学优势。这些代谢物具有抗炎、神经保护、抗胆碱能、缓解疼痛、抗菌、减轻压力、抗糖尿病、抗癌、保护肝脏、抑制溃疡、抗真菌、伤口愈合和抗氧化等特性。本文就上述代谢物的药理意义作一综述。此外，通过对现有文献的研究，本综述还将重点放在对接和芯片研究上，目的是确定研究差距并提出未来的研究领域。利用广泛的次生代谢物，基于计算机方法的研究可以预测潜在的有形和可能的药物化合物，从而获得更有效的药物，副作用更少。

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引用次数: 0

Bioprospecting diverse natural product components as potential source of proton pump inhibitors: A systematic review 生物勘探多种天然产物成分作为质子泵抑制剂的潜在来源：系统综述

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100505

Partha Pratim Thakuria , Bedanta Bhattacharjee , Shatabdi Ghose , Lima Patowary , Junmoni Nath , Dinesh Kumar Patel , Ghanshyam R. Parmar , Damiki Laloo

Despite advances in modern therapy, gastro-duodenal ulcers, due to their recurrence and relapse, remains one of the most common health issues in the world, posing considerable therapeutic challenges. This issue is further exacerbated by the adverse effects associated with conventional therapy, particularly proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Although PPIs are widely prescribed drugs for the management of gastric ulcers owing to their proven efficacy and therapeutic benefits, their prolonged use has been linked to a variety of health risks. This review aimed to present a comprehensive information on natural compounds with H⁺,K⁺-ATPase inhibitory activity, supported by database evidence from in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies. A comprehensive and systematic literature search, conducted by PRISMA guidelines, identified 36 potential natural substances derived from plants, marines (sponges, corals etc.), and microorganisms that exhibited inhibitory effects on H⁺,K⁺-ATPase. In conclusion, findings from the current review indicate that natural products may offer considerable potential as proton pump inhibitors for treating gastro-duodenal ulcers. However, further extensive research and clinical assessments are necessary to facilitate the development of safe, effective and sustainable natural compounds for future clinical management of gastric ulcer.

尽管现代治疗取得了进步，但胃-十二指肠溃疡由于其复发和复发，仍然是世界上最常见的健康问题之一，对治疗提出了相当大的挑战。常规治疗，特别是质子泵抑制剂（PPIs）的副作用进一步加剧了这一问题。虽然质子泵抑制剂因其已被证实的疗效和治疗益处而被广泛用于治疗胃溃疡，但长期使用与各种健康风险有关。该综述旨在提供具有H +、K + - atp酶抑制活性的天然化合物的全面信息，并得到体外、体内和计算机研究的数据库证据的支持。根据PRISMA指南进行了全面、系统的文献检索，发现了36种来自植物、海洋生物（海绵、珊瑚等）和微生物的潜在天然物质，这些物质对H +、K + - atp酶具有抑制作用。总之，目前的研究结果表明，天然产物作为质子泵抑制剂治疗胃-十二指肠溃疡可能具有相当大的潜力。然而，需要进一步的广泛研究和临床评估，以促进开发安全、有效和可持续的天然化合物，用于未来的胃溃疡临床治疗。

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引用次数: 0

Neuroprotective potential of Gerbera lanuginosa phytochemicals through multitarget modulation of DYRK1A, BACE1, and GABA-A in down syndrome 通过多靶点调节DYRK1A、BACE1和GABA-A对唐氏综合征患者的神经保护作用

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100500

Nitya Krishnasamy

Background

Down-syndrome-related neurodegeneration involves simultaneous dysregulation of DYRK1A-mediated tau phosphorylation, BACE1-driven amyloidogenesis, and GABA-A imbalance. Natural multitarget modulators could offer superior neuroprotection.

Methods

Five Gerbera lanuginosa phytochemicals (taraxerol, taraxerol acetate, gerberinol, scopoletin, and coumarin) were evaluated against DYRK1A (PDB 4AZE), BACE1 (4COF), and GABRA1 (5HU1) using AutoDock 4.2, PyMOL, and Discovery Studio 2023. ADMET and Boiled-Egg models (SwissADME, pkCSM) assessed pharmacokinetics; protein–protein interactions (STRING v12, Cytoscape 3.9.1) mapped functional links; and 100-ns GROMACS molecular-dynamics with MMPBSA free-energy estimation validated complex stability.

Results

Taraxerol and taraxerol acetate displayed the strongest affinities (−10.1 and −9.6 kcal/mol) for DYRK1A/BACE1, while gerberinol bound GABRA1 (−8.3 kcal/mol). Boiled-Egg analysis predicted high GI absorption and moderate BBB permeability. MD trajectories maintained RMSD < 2 Å with binding energies ≈ −72 to −60 kJ mol⁻¹ . Network-pharmacology revealed high-degree centrality of taraxerol connecting kinase, secretase, and receptor pathways.

Conclusion

G. lanuginosa triterpenoids exhibit stable multitarget inhibition of DYRK1A, BACE1, and GABA-A, favorable pharmacokinetics, and mechanistic coherence, positioning them as lead scaffolds for developing neuroprotective therapeutics in Down-syndrome-associated cognitive decline.

背景：唐氏综合征相关的神经退行性变包括dyrk1a介导的tau磷酸化、bace1驱动的淀粉样蛋白形成和GABA-A失衡的同时失调。天然多靶点调节剂可以提供更好的神经保护。方法采用AutoDock 4.2、PyMOL和Discovery Studio 2023对5种非洲菊植物化学物质（taraxerol、taraxerol acetate、gerberinol、东莨菪碱和香豆素）对DYRK1A （PDB 4AZE）、BACE1 （4COF）和GABRA1 （5HU1）的抗性进行检测。ADMET和煮蛋模型（SwissADME, pkCSM）评估药代动力学；蛋白-蛋白相互作用（STRING v12, Cytoscape 3.9.1）映射的功能链接；100-ns GROMACS分子动力学与MMPBSA自由能估计验证了配合物的稳定性。结果staraxerol和taraxerol醋酸酯对DYRK1A/BACE1的亲和力最强（−10.1和−9.6 kcal/mol），而gerberinol对GABRA1的亲和力最强（−8.3 kcal/mol）。煮蛋分析预测高GI吸收和中度血脑屏障通透性。MD轨迹保持RMSD <； 2 Å，结合能≈ −72至−60 kJ mol⁻¹ 。网络药理学研究显示，taraxerol连接激酶、分泌酶和受体通路具有高度的中心性。杉木三萜对DYRK1A、BACE1和GABA-A具有稳定的多靶点抑制作用，良好的药代动力学和机制一致性，使其成为开发唐氏综合征相关认知衰退神经保护疗法的先导支架。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the spectral, antibacterial, antioxidant, and gastro-protective properties of black lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle): Insights from a comprehensive study 探索黑石灰的光谱、抗菌、抗氧化和胃保护特性（Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.)）Swingle)：来自全面研究的见解

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100494

Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha , Sara Mohamed Elhassan Taha , Salihah Wali Hakami , Azhar Hussain Hawthan , Nada Adnan Khowaji , Ebtehal Mansour Atiah , Md Shamsher Alam , Mohamed Eltaib Elmobark , Sivakumar S. Moni , Magbool Essa Oraiby , Mohammed Ahmad Arishi , Dina Abdulrahman Ismail Albadawi , Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab , Abdullah Mohammed Farasani , Adel S. Al-Zubairi

Black lime is a natural product with potential therapeutic properties traditionally used for various ailments. In this study, we explored the chemical composition of black lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) extract (BLE) and evaluated its pharmacological effects, focusing on gastroprotective and antibacterial activities. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) identified 47 compounds, including fatty acids, esters, terpenes, and aromatic compounds. The major constituents were n-hexadecanoic acid (7.7 %), 10(E),12(Z)-conjugated linoleic acid (5.34 %), and dimethyl citrate (4.53 %), with carboxylic acids constituting 38.18 % of the total composition. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and aliphatic functional groups. Antioxidant assays showed strong free-radical scavenging activity with an absorbance of 0.811 at 517 nm and a DPPH inhibition percentage of 93 %. In an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model, BLE pretreatment significantly reduced ulcer areas compared with the ulcer control group (661 ± 50 mm²), showing values of 112.4 ± 8.5 mm² (low dose) and 125 ± 5.4 mm² (high dose), corresponding to 81 ± 3.7 % and 83 ± 1.6 % inhibition, respectively, comparable to omeprazole (92 ± 12.5 mm²; 86 ± 1.9 % inhibition). BLE also restored mucus weight and pH toward normal levels. Antibacterial testing revealed inhibition zones ranging from 35 ± 1.3 mm (Staphylococcus aureus) and 30 ± 1.2 mm (Streptococcus pyogenes) to 23 ± 1.9 mm (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) at 250 µg/mL, confirming dose-dependent activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These findings demonstrate that BLE possesses diverse bioactive compounds with significant antioxidant, antibacterial, and gastroprotective properties.

黑石灰是一种天然产品，具有潜在的治疗特性，传统上用于各种疾病。本研究对黑酸橙（Citrus aurantifolia, Christm.）的化学成分进行了研究。并评价了其药理作用，重点是胃保护和抗菌活性。气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）鉴定出47种化合物，包括脂肪酸、酯类、萜烯和芳香族化合物。主要成分为正十六酸（7.7 %）、10(E)、12(Z)共轭亚油酸（5.34 %）和柠檬酸二甲酯（4.53 %），羧酸占总成分的38.18 %。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）证实了羟基、羰基和脂肪族官能团的存在。抗氧化实验表明，该化合物具有较强的自由基清除活性，在517 nm处吸光度为0.811，DPPH抑制率为93 %。在ethanol-induced胃溃疡模型,祝福预处理与溃疡对照组相比显著降低溃疡领域(661 ±50  mm²),显示值112.4 ±8.5  mm²(低剂量)和125 ±5.4  mm²(高剂量),对应81年 ±3.7  %和83年 ±1.6  %抑制,分别与奥美拉唑(92 ±12.5  mm²;86年 ±1.9  %抑制)。BLE还使粘液重量和pH值恢复到正常水平。抗菌测试显示抑制区域从35 ±1.3  30毫米(金黄色葡萄球菌)和 ±1.2  毫米(酿脓链球菌)23 ±1.9  mm(绿脓杆菌)250 µg / mL,确认活动存在剂量依赖的相关性对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌。这些发现表明，BLE具有多种生物活性化合物，具有显著的抗氧化、抗菌和胃保护特性。

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引用次数: 0

Sesame-based interventions for stroke and stroke-related disorders: A systematic review 芝麻为基础的干预中风和中风相关疾病：系统回顾

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100495

Nasiru Suleiman , Abdulbariu Ogirima Uhuami , Bulama Ibrahim , Fatima Sanusi , Nafisa Abdulazeez , Onyinoyi Bethel Onimisi , Lawal Suleman Bilbis

Background

Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability, with limited access to costly rehabilitation, especially in developing regions. Sesame (Sesamum indicum), known for its health benefits, shows promise as a neuroprotective agent. This systematic review evaluates current evidence on its potential in stroke treatment and recovery in animal models (In vivo).

Method

The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA). A comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar identified original research on the effects of sesame on stroke and related disorders. Studies were screened in stages, and their quality was evaluated using Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool.

Results

19 studies were included (18 from Asia, 1 from Africa). Sesame derivatives especially sesamin and sesamol demonstrated strong, multi-targeted neuroprotection in stroke models by reducing infarct volume, brain edema, oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuronal damage, while improving neurological recovery. Mechanisms involve enhancing antioxidant enzymes, lowering oxidative markers, suppressing pro-inflammatory mediators, inhibiting apoptosis, and modulating key pathways like (PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK, Notch1/NLRP3). Advanced formulations such as sesamol-loaded nanocarriers and the sesamin derivative BBD further enhanced efficacy. Overall, the evidence supports sesame compounds as potent neuroprotective agents against cerebral ischemia.

Conclusion

Overall, sesame shows potential as a therapeutic agent for stroke through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-edematous actions. These effects highlight its potential as a natural, supportive treatment for stroke.

中风仍然是导致死亡和残疾的主要原因，特别是在发展中地区，获得昂贵的康复服务的机会有限。芝麻（Sesamum indicum）以其健康益处而闻名，有望成为一种神经保护剂。本系统综述评估了其在动物模型（体内）中风治疗和恢复方面的潜力。方法按照系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目（PRISMA）进行综述。对PubMed和b谷歌Scholar的全面搜索确定了芝麻对中风和相关疾病影响的原始研究。分阶段筛选研究，并使用实验动物实验系统评价中心（sycle）偏倚风险工具对其质量进行评估。结果共纳入19项研究（18项来自亚洲，1项来自非洲）。芝麻衍生物，特别是芝麻素和芝麻醇，通过减少梗死体积、脑水肿、氧化应激、炎症和神经元损伤，同时改善神经系统恢复，在脑卒中模型中显示出强大的多靶点神经保护作用。其机制包括增强抗氧化酶、降低氧化标志物、抑制促炎介质、抑制细胞凋亡和调节关键通路（PI3K/AKT、MAPK/ERK、Notch1/NLRP3）。先进的配方，如芝麻素负载的纳米载体和芝麻素衍生物BBD进一步提高了疗效。总的来说，证据支持芝麻化合物作为脑缺血有效的神经保护剂。结论：芝麻具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗细胞凋亡、抗水肿等作用，具有治疗脑卒中的潜力。这些效果突出了它作为一种自然的、支持性的中风治疗方法的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Centella asiatica: An ethnobotanical treasure with promising anticancer properties 积雪草：具有抗癌特性的民族植物瑰宝

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100490

Sanjukta Sen , Siuli Sen , Dipanjan Karati

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., commonly known as Gotu Kola, is a green leafy vegetable and traditional medicinal plant widely distributed in Southeast Asia. Renowned for its diverse therapeutic applications, it is a rich source of bioactive molecules, including triterpenoids, carotenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and volatile oils. These compounds are linked to its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, wound-healing, neuroprotective, and antidiabetic properties. Recent research has highlighted its anticancer potential, attributed to bioactive constituents such as asiaticoside and madecassoside, which demonstrate antitumor activities through the modulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The plant's antioxidant and antiangiogenic properties play a vital role in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis, while its ability to synergize with chemotherapeutic agents offers promise for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy. However, factors such as processing methods and environmental conditions significantly influence its phytochemical composition and therapeutic efficacy. Despite compelling preclinical evidence, clinical trials evaluating its anticancer potential are limited. Further research is essential to elucidate its molecular mechanisms of action, standardize processing techniques, and establish comprehensive safety profiles. Advancing these efforts will enable the transition of Centella asiatica from traditional medicine to a scientifically validated anticancer therapeutic, bridging the gap between ethnopharmacology and modern oncology.

积雪草（Centella asiatica）市区。是一种广泛分布于东南亚的绿叶蔬菜和传统药用植物。它以其多种治疗应用而闻名，是生物活性分子的丰富来源，包括三萜、类胡萝卜素、类黄酮、多酚、单宁和挥发油。这些化合物与它的抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、伤口愈合、神经保护和抗糖尿病特性有关。最近的研究强调了它的抗癌潜力，这归因于其生物活性成分，如积雪草苷和马尾草苷，它们通过调节氧化应激、细胞凋亡、炎症和线粒体功能障碍显示出抗肿瘤活性。该植物的抗氧化和抗血管生成特性在抑制肿瘤生长和转移中起着至关重要的作用，而其与化疗药物的协同作用为提高癌症治疗效果提供了希望。然而，加工方法和环境条件等因素对其植物化学成分和治疗效果有显著影响。尽管有令人信服的临床前证据，但评估其抗癌潜力的临床试验有限。进一步研究阐明其分子作用机制，规范加工技术，建立全面的安全性档案是必要的。推进这些努力将使积雪草从传统药物过渡到科学验证的抗癌治疗，弥合民族药理学和现代肿瘤学之间的差距。

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引用次数: 0

Phytochemicals from corn plant as anti-inflammatory agents: Molecular insights and therapeutic perspectives 玉米植物化学物质作为抗炎剂：分子观察和治疗观点

Pharmacological Research - Natural Products

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100497

S. Rajeshwari , Abu Safana Biswas , J. Suresh , Erica Alves , B.M. Gurupadayya , Archana Pilli , SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula , P. Pattaluchetty

The pathophysiology of many chronic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular ailments, is based on inflammation. Plant-derived bioactives are being investigated more and more in this regard as safer substitutes for traditional anti-inflammatory medications. Beyond its nutritional value, Zea mays (corn) has a wide range of phytochemicals with proven anti-inflammatory properties, including flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and carotenoids. With a focus on their molecular processes, targeted inflammatory pathways (NF-κB, MAPK, COX-2, iNOS), and regulatory effects on cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), this review summarizes the most recent preclinical and limited clinical results on the anti-inflammatory efficacy of substances produced from corn plant. It has been demonstrated that extracts from various sections, including as the husk, pericarp, kernel, cob, and silk, decrease oxidative stress, alter immunological signaling, and maintain tissue integrity. The clinical promise of Maizinol®, a standardized corn leaf extract registered under ISRCTN13394796, as a natural sleep aid is further demonstrated by its translational research path, which also emphasizes the corn plant's wider medicinal potential. There are still issues with phytochemical bioavailability, standardization, and translational clinical evidence despite encouraging bioactivity. All things considered, the corn plant is a sustainable botanical resource with significant therapeutic and nutraceutical promise in inflammatory illnesses. To fully realize its pharmacological potential, more mechanistic and clinical research is necessary.

许多慢性疾病的病理生理学，如代谢综合征、神经变性和心血管疾病，都是以炎症为基础的。在这方面，植物源性生物活性物质作为传统抗炎药物的更安全替代品正在得到越来越多的研究。除了营养价值，玉米还含有多种经证实具有抗炎特性的植物化学物质，包括类黄酮、花青素、酚酸和类胡萝卜素。本文从玉米物质的分子过程、靶向炎症通路（NF-κB、MAPK、COX-2、iNOS）以及对细胞因子（TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β）的调控作用等方面综述了玉米物质抗炎作用的最新临床前和有限临床研究结果。研究表明，来自不同部位的提取物，包括果皮、果皮、果仁、玉米芯和蚕丝，可以降低氧化应激，改变免疫信号，保持组织完整性。Maizinol®是一种标准化的玉米叶提取物，注册于ISRCTN13394796，作为一种天然助眠剂，其转化研究路径进一步证明了其临床前景，这也强调了玉米植物更广泛的药用潜力。尽管鼓励生物活性，但在植物化学生物利用度、标准化和转化临床证据方面仍存在问题。考虑到所有的事情，玉米植物是一种可持续的植物资源，在炎症性疾病中具有重要的治疗和营养前景。为了充分发挥其药理潜力，还需要进行更多的机理和临床研究。

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引用次数: 0