Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100119
Divyanshi Agrawal , Manish Pal Singh , Gyanendra Kumar Sharma
The present review aims to provide the comprehensive study of pharmacodynamic actions of various phytoconstitutents that promote wound healing. Various medicinal plants have been used from centuries for treating various kinds of wounds. Different plants contain particular phytoconstitutents with an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant and collagen synthesis activity on the wound. Many patents were filed on herbs that are frequently used in wound healing. Plants contain flavonoids, saponins, polysaacharides, alkaloids, volatile oil and terpenoids, etc and their active constituents such as eugenol, rutin, quercetin, kampferol, curcumin, α- terpineol, etc act on different phases of wound healing that helps to reduce inflammation, have scavenging activity and provide relief from pain. In conclusion, phytoconstitutents shows their promising effect on wound healing.
{"title":"Pharmacodynamic approaches of phytoconstitutents in wound healing mechanisms","authors":"Divyanshi Agrawal , Manish Pal Singh , Gyanendra Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present review aims to provide the comprehensive study of pharmacodynamic actions of various phytoconstitutents that promote wound healing. Various medicinal plants have been used from centuries for treating various kinds of wounds. Different plants contain particular phytoconstitutents with an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant and collagen synthesis activity on the wound. Many patents were filed on herbs that are frequently used in wound healing. Plants contain flavonoids, saponins, polysaacharides, alkaloids, volatile oil and terpenoids, etc and their active constituents such as eugenol, rutin, quercetin, kampferol, curcumin, α- terpineol, etc act on different phases of wound healing that helps to reduce inflammation, have scavenging activity and provide relief from pain. In conclusion, phytoconstitutents shows their promising effect on wound healing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100111
Nazneen Aiman Siddiqui , Rais ur Rahman , Yasmeen Shamsi
{"title":"Erratum to “Efficacy and safety of a Unani polyherbal formulation compared with Telmisartan in stage-2 essential hypertension: An open label, randomized, standard controlled clinical study” [Pharmacol. Res. - Nat. Prod. 4 (2024) 100083]","authors":"Nazneen Aiman Siddiqui , Rais ur Rahman , Yasmeen Shamsi","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100118
Lei Zeng , Yingle Chen , Liting Liang , Liu Yang , Song Wang , Qiaoguang Li , Zhihong Wang
The metabolites were extracted from the leaves (BHY), roots (BHG), and stems (BHJ) of Plumbago zeylanica L. (P.zeylanica) using 70 % ethanol. Subsequently, the metabolite profiles, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated. The highest contents of total phenols (91.63±1.08 mg GAE/g DW) and total flavonoids (146.5±5.48 mg RE/g DW) were found in BHJ. All extracts of P.zeylanica effectively neutralized DPPH (83.47 %-93.44 % in 5 mg/mL) and ABTS radicals (99.42 %-102.1 % at 5 mg/mL), demonstrating potent antioxidant properties, particularly in BHG. The DPPH activity of P.zeylanica extracts (3.0 mg/mL) showed higher radical scavenging activity when compared with the positive control, ascorbic acid. The extracts of P.zeylanica displayed significant antifungal effects against all tested microorganisms (B.cinerea, F.moniliforme, B.dothidea, P.expansum, and G.candidum), with inhibition rates ranging from 37.96 % to 99.65 % and MIC values between 0.063 and 1.00 mg/mL. The most susceptible strain was G.candidum (average inhibition rate: 95.47 %). BHG demonstrated the highest effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of P.expansum, G.candidum, and F.moniliforme, while BHJ showed the strongest activity against B.cinerea and B.dothidea. 2116 metabolites were identified by UPLC-MS/MS, of which 2026 were common to the three extracts. Notably, BHG was found to be a rich source of alkaloids and quinones (including the pharmacologically active compound plumbagin), with superior antioxidant and antifungal capacities. Most of the metabolites were isolated and identified for the first time in P.zeylanica, including Hydroxyplumbagic acid, 3′-O-Beta-D-xylopyranosyl plumbagic acid, Loliolide, Atractylolide III, Cinchonain Ib, and Cinchonain Ic. Correlation analysis identified 115 potential metabolic biomarkers, primarily consisting of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and alkaloids, which likely explain some of the potent observed bioactivity. As regards the results mentioned above, all parts of the P.zeylanica could be utilized as a promising source of bioactive compounds for potential applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries due to its notable antioxidant and antifungal properties.
{"title":"Comparison of different parts of Plumbago zeylanica L. through UPLC-MS/MS metabolite profiling and evaluation of their antioxidant and antifungal potential","authors":"Lei Zeng , Yingle Chen , Liting Liang , Liu Yang , Song Wang , Qiaoguang Li , Zhihong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The metabolites were extracted from the leaves (BHY), roots (BHG), and stems (BHJ) of <em>Plumbago zeylanica L</em>. (<em>P.zeylanica</em>) using 70 % ethanol. Subsequently, the metabolite profiles, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated. The highest contents of total phenols (91.63±1.08 mg GAE/g DW) and total flavonoids (146.5±5.48 mg RE/g DW) were found in BHJ. All extracts of <em>P.zeylanica</em> effectively neutralized DPPH (83.47 %-93.44 % in 5 mg/mL) and ABTS radicals (99.42 %-102.1 % at 5 mg/mL), demonstrating potent antioxidant properties, particularly in BHG. The DPPH activity of <em>P.zeylanica</em> extracts (3.0 mg/mL) showed higher radical scavenging activity when compared with the positive control, ascorbic acid. The extracts of <em>P.zeylanica</em> displayed significant antifungal effects against all tested microorganisms <em>(B.cinerea</em>, <em>F.moniliforme</em>, <em>B.dothidea</em>, <em>P.expansum</em>, and <em>G.candidum</em>), with inhibition rates ranging from 37.96 % to 99.65 % and MIC values between 0.063 and 1.00 mg/mL. The most susceptible strain was <em>G.candidum</em> (average inhibition rate: 95.47 %<em>).</em> BHG demonstrated the highest effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of <em>P.expansum</em>, <em>G.candidum</em>, and <em>F.moniliforme</em>, while BHJ showed the strongest activity against <em>B.cinerea</em> and <em>B.dothidea</em>. 2116 metabolites were identified by UPLC-MS/MS, of which 2026 were common to the three extracts. Notably, BHG was found to be a rich source of alkaloids and quinones (including the pharmacologically active compound plumbagin), with superior antioxidant and antifungal capacities. Most of the metabolites were isolated and identified for the first time in <em>P.zeylanica</em>, including Hydroxyplumbagic acid, 3′-O-Beta-D-xylopyranosyl plumbagic acid, Loliolide, Atractylolide III, Cinchonain Ib, and Cinchonain Ic. Correlation analysis identified 115 potential metabolic biomarkers, primarily consisting of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and alkaloids, which likely explain some of the potent observed bioactivity. As regards the results mentioned above, all parts of the <em>P.zeylanica</em> could be utilized as a promising source of bioactive compounds for potential applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries due to its notable antioxidant and antifungal properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obesity is one of the most prevalent health concerns. Modern pharmacotherapy has been evidenced to exhibit cardiovascular or cerebrovascular adverse effects. Herbs, with minimal side effects, have been known to effectively treat obesity. Hence, the purpose of this study was to present an overview of the important discussion on the epidemiology, pathophysiology of obesity and understand on and how herbs could be a potential source of therapeutics as for treating obesity.
Design
: A narrative review of epidemiology, pathophysiology of obesity, management of obesity through medicinal and ayurvedic plants, clinical trials conducted on anti-obesity herbal formulations for treating obesity is included in the study.
Method
Different scientific databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Springer, Wiley Online Library, etc. were utilized for acquiring information on the above subject. Using targeted literature methodology from June 2023 to January 2024, total 950 articles/reports/magazines were explored out of which 194 were specifically referred in the present manuscript to reach the objectives.
Results
The review highlighted the pathophysiology, genetics, and epidemiology of obesity while highlighting herbs which has proved to be effective in the management of obesity in clinical trials. In particular, it was understood that globally the prevalence of obesity was ∼6 % to ∼8 % more in females than in males, which was attributed to socio-economic, hormonal, and genetic factors (i.e., polymorphism in FABP2). Furthermore, reduction of pancreatic lipase and adjustment of lipid profile were understood to be the most prevalent mechanisms of action behind the anti-obesity activity of medicinal plants, which in turn were predominant across plant families such as Asteraceae, Celastraceae, Zingiberaceae, Asclepiadaceae, and Lamiaceae. What’s more encouraging was the fact these herbal medicines (or their formulations) had minor to no side effects when tested in clinical trials.
Conclusion
Thus, these alternative forms of medicine could be the future pharmacotherapy for obesity. Nevertheless, researchers, today are exploring more innovative, non-invasive ways of treating obesity, which in due course, could form a commendable force along with alternative medicine for a comprehensive treatment of obesity.
{"title":"An overview of botanical approaches for managing obesity","authors":"Ritika Sindhwani , Preet Amol Singh , Subhajit Hazra , Sneha Kumari","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Obesity is one of the most prevalent health concerns. Modern pharmacotherapy has been evidenced to exhibit cardiovascular or cerebrovascular adverse effects. Herbs, with minimal side effects, have been known to effectively treat obesity. Hence, the purpose of this study was to present an overview of the important discussion on the epidemiology, pathophysiology of obesity and understand on and how herbs could be a potential source of therapeutics as for treating obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div><strong>:</strong> A narrative review of epidemiology, pathophysiology of obesity, management of obesity through medicinal and ayurvedic plants, clinical trials conducted on anti-obesity herbal formulations for treating obesity is included in the study.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Different scientific databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Springer, Wiley Online Library, etc. were utilized for acquiring information on the above subject. Using targeted literature methodology from June 2023 to January 2024, total 950 articles/reports/magazines were explored out of which 194 were specifically referred in the present manuscript to reach the objectives.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review highlighted the pathophysiology, genetics, and epidemiology of obesity while highlighting herbs which has proved to be effective in the management of obesity in clinical trials. In particular, it was understood that globally the prevalence of obesity was ∼6 % to ∼8 % more in females than in males, which was attributed to socio-economic, hormonal, and genetic factors (i.e., polymorphism in FABP2). Furthermore, reduction of pancreatic lipase and adjustment of lipid profile were understood to be the most prevalent mechanisms of action behind the anti-obesity activity of medicinal plants, which in turn were predominant across plant families such as <em>Asteraceae, Celastraceae, Zingiberaceae, Asclepiadaceae, and Lamiaceae</em>. What’s more encouraging was the fact these herbal medicines (or their formulations) had minor to no side effects when tested in clinical trials.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Thus, these alternative forms of medicine could be the future pharmacotherapy for obesity. Nevertheless, researchers, today are exploring more innovative, non-invasive ways of treating obesity, which in due course, could form a commendable force along with alternative medicine for a comprehensive treatment of obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100116
Ishrat Jahan , SM Hafiz Hassan , Mirza Alimullah , Asif Ul Haque , Md Fakruddin , Nusrat Subhan , Ferdous Khan , Khondoker Shahin Ahmed , Kazi Akramuddaula , Hemayet Hossain , Md Ashraful Alam
As an anti-diabetic medicinal plant, fenugreek seed (FG) (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) has long been utilized and has many therapeutic uses. The current investigation sought to ascertain the effects of FG powder supplementation on insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress in rats given a high-fat (HF) diet. Measurements of biochemical and antioxidant indicators were made in animal blood and tissue samples, including malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), triglycerides (TG), and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, the tissues of the kidney, heart, and liver were stained histologically. HF diet feeding in rats declined in antioxidant enzyme activities, along with a rise in MDA and other indicators of oxidative stress, which were mitigated by the supplementation of FG. Additionally, FG supplementation enhanced the expression of genes corresponding to antioxidants in the liver of rats given HF diet. FG supplements in HF diet-fed rats displayed altered gene expression in the livers that metabolized fat. Histological staining of the liver demonstrated that FG supplementation reduced necrosis and the accumulation of fat droplets in the liver of rats given HF diets. In conclusion, this finding showed that FG supplementation in HF diet fed rats reduced the plasma lipids, decreased oxidative stress and raised antioxidant enzyme activities. FG may therefore aid in reducing the chronic complications linked to the HF diet in experimental rats.
{"title":"Evaluation of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) powder supplementation on metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress and inflammation in high fat diet fed rats","authors":"Ishrat Jahan , SM Hafiz Hassan , Mirza Alimullah , Asif Ul Haque , Md Fakruddin , Nusrat Subhan , Ferdous Khan , Khondoker Shahin Ahmed , Kazi Akramuddaula , Hemayet Hossain , Md Ashraful Alam","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an anti-diabetic medicinal plant, fenugreek seed (FG) (<em>Trigonella foenum-graecum L.</em>) has long been utilized and has many therapeutic uses. The current investigation sought to ascertain the effects of FG powder supplementation on insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress in rats given a high-fat (HF) diet. Measurements of biochemical and antioxidant indicators were made in animal blood and tissue samples, including malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), triglycerides (TG), and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, the tissues of the kidney, heart, and liver were stained histologically. HF diet feeding in rats declined in antioxidant enzyme activities, along with a rise in MDA and other indicators of oxidative stress, which were mitigated by the supplementation of FG. Additionally, FG supplementation enhanced the expression of genes corresponding to antioxidants in the liver of rats given HF diet. FG supplements in HF diet-fed rats displayed altered gene expression in the livers that metabolized fat. Histological staining of the liver demonstrated that FG supplementation reduced necrosis and the accumulation of fat droplets in the liver of rats given HF diets. In conclusion, this finding showed that FG supplementation in HF diet fed rats reduced the plasma lipids, decreased oxidative stress and raised antioxidant enzyme activities. FG may therefore aid in reducing the chronic complications linked to the HF diet in experimental rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For centuries, medicinal plants have been integral to human health and well-being across the world. Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae), a medicinal plant indigenous to Nepal, holds substantial ethnomedicinal use among indigenous communities in South Asian countries. Present study aimed to explore the integration of contemporary scientific analysis of the phytochemical composition and bioactivity of A. marmelos leaf extracts harvested from Nepal with traditional ethnopharmacological knowledge. Leaf extracts of A. marmelos were subjected to phytochemical analysis utilizing mass spectrometry. The extracts underwent in vitro evaluation for antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and toxicity activities. Hexane fraction was found to possess volatile oils, polyphenols, and tannins, while other fractions were found to have alkaloids, terpenoids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and reducing sugars. Further analysis of the hexane fraction identified 21 compounds with over 90 % accuracy. The main phytoconstituents were 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (24.25 %), hexadecanoic acid (10.89 %), methylcyclohexane (8.39 %), methyl ester (4.26 %), and caryophyllene (4.10 %). The methanol extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Additionally, the methanol extract demonstrated pronounced cytotoxic effects against brine shrimp, with an LC50 value of 50.11 µg/mL. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl assay revealed both methanol and acetone extract to have notable antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 90.63 ± 1.47 µg/mL and 89.93 ± 2.52 µg/mL, respectively. Remarkably, the acetone extract displayed superior antidiabetic activity compared to acarbose, with an IC50 value of 13.50 ± 0.79 µg/mL. Our findings proves A. marmelos leaf extracts to harbor significant bioactive constituents, suggesting their potential as sources of natural compounds for applications in medicine and healthcare.
{"title":"Validation of ethnopharmacological findings of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa through phytochemical screening and bioactivity assay","authors":"Susan Joshi , Keshab Bhattarai , Ananta Raj Subedi , Jagadeesh Bhattarai , Saruna Amatya , Bikash Baral","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For centuries, medicinal plants have been integral to human health and well-being across the world. <em>Aegle marmelos</em> (Rutaceae), a medicinal plant indigenous to Nepal, holds substantial ethnomedicinal use among indigenous communities in South Asian countries. Present study aimed to explore the integration of contemporary scientific analysis of the phytochemical composition and bioactivity of <em>A. marmelos</em> leaf extracts harvested from Nepal with traditional ethnopharmacological knowledge. Leaf extracts of <em>A. marmelos</em> were subjected to phytochemical analysis utilizing mass spectrometry. The extracts underwent <em>in vitro</em> evaluation for antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and toxicity activities. Hexane fraction was found to possess volatile oils, polyphenols, and tannins, while other fractions were found to have alkaloids, terpenoids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and reducing sugars. Further analysis of the hexane fraction identified 21 compounds with over 90 % accuracy. The main phytoconstituents were 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (24.25 %), hexadecanoic acid (10.89 %), methylcyclohexane (8.39 %), methyl ester (4.26 %), and caryophyllene (4.10 %). The methanol extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Additionally, the methanol extract demonstrated pronounced cytotoxic effects against brine shrimp, with an LC<sub>50</sub> value of 50.11 µg/mL. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl assay revealed both methanol and acetone extract to have notable antioxidant activity, with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 90.63 ± 1.47 µg/mL and 89.93 ± 2.52 µg/mL, respectively. Remarkably, the acetone extract displayed superior antidiabetic activity compared to acarbose, with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 13.50 ± 0.79 µg/mL. Our findings proves <em>A. marmelos</em> leaf extracts to harbor significant bioactive constituents, suggesting their potential as sources of natural compounds for applications in medicine and healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100113
José Jonas Ferreira Viturino, Cicera Janaine Camilo, Joice Barbosa do Nascimento, Johnatan Welisson da Silva Mendes, Mariana Pereira da Silva, Maria Inácio da Silva, Geane Gabriele de Oliveira Souza, Lariza Leisla Leandro Nascimento, Fabíola Fernandes Galvão Rodrigues, José Galberto Martins da Costa
The species Croton grewioides Baill is an aromatic shrub commonly known as “canela de cunhã,'' native to the Caatinga biome in Northeast Brazil. Its popular use is associated with gastroprotective activities, sedative, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, insecticidal, and natural repellent activities, typically administered as teas, infusions, and essential oil. Its essential oil contains numerous bioactive compounds, with anethole and estragole being the major components. In this study, 67 chemical compounds present in its essential oil were identified, belonging to the classes of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and phenylpropanoids. Among the main activities attributed to its essential oil, the following stand out: antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal, cytotoxic, antispasmodic, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, sedative, anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. Based on the data collected in this study, the essential oil of C. growioides shows potential for use in the treatment of diseases. However, further investigations into the toxicological characteristics of the species are necessary. Additionally, it is essential to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms of action of the essential oil and its constituents.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical aspects, chemical considerations and biological activities of essential oils from Croton grewioides Baill.: An overview","authors":"José Jonas Ferreira Viturino, Cicera Janaine Camilo, Joice Barbosa do Nascimento, Johnatan Welisson da Silva Mendes, Mariana Pereira da Silva, Maria Inácio da Silva, Geane Gabriele de Oliveira Souza, Lariza Leisla Leandro Nascimento, Fabíola Fernandes Galvão Rodrigues, José Galberto Martins da Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The species <em>Croton grewioides</em> Baill is an aromatic shrub commonly known as “<em>canela de cunhã</em>,'' native to the Caatinga biome in Northeast Brazil. Its popular use is associated with gastroprotective activities, sedative, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, insecticidal, and natural repellent activities, typically administered as teas, infusions, and essential oil. Its essential oil contains numerous bioactive compounds, with anethole and estragole being the major components. In this study, 67 chemical compounds present in its essential oil were identified, belonging to the classes of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and phenylpropanoids. Among the main activities attributed to its essential oil, the following stand out: antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal, cytotoxic, antispasmodic, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, sedative, anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. Based on the data collected in this study, the essential oil of <em>C. growioides</em> shows potential for use in the treatment of diseases. However, further investigations into the toxicological characteristics of the species are necessary. Additionally, it is essential to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms of action of the essential oil and its constituents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Health hazards stemming from metalloid consumption, such as arsenic, pose a global concern. This study aimed to assess the protective effects of turmeric against arsenic-induced alterations in lipid profiles and energy metabolism in rats.
Methods
Thirty male rats were divided into three groups over a 90–180-day exposure period: Group 1 (Control) received standard rat chow; Group 2 received an arsenic diet; and Group 3 received arsenic plus turmeric supplemented diet. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for lipid profiles, glucose levels, energy metabolism parameters, and PPAR-α mRNA expression using qRT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed (p<0.05).
Results
Results indicated significant (p<0.05) increases in lipid profiles among arsenic-exposed rats after 180 days, elevating the risk of coronary artery diseases. Both arsenic and turmeric-exposed groups showed heightened total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels at 90 and 180 days, with nuanced differences suggesting dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Blood glucose observations revealed hypoglycemia initially in arsenic-exposed rats, progressing to hyperglycemia by 180 days. Arsenic significantly (p<0.05) inhibited pyruvate kinase, hexokinase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase activities in the liver after 180 days, while turmeric exposure showed no significant (p<0.05) changes. Additionally, both arsenic and turmeric groups exhibited downregulation of PPAR-α expression at 180 days. In-silico analysis identified curcumin as a promising component for anti-atherosclerosis and arsenic-related conditions due to its strong binding affinities and multiple hydrogen bond formations.
Conclusion
In conclusion, long-term turmeric consumption may mitigate arsenic-induced oxidative damage associated with early hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis. These findings underscore turmeric’s potential therapeutic role against arsenic toxicity, suggesting avenues for future research and public health interventions.
{"title":"Turmeric as a therapeutic agent against arsenic-induced metabolic dysregulation in rat models","authors":"Adewale Adetutu , Abiodun Bukunmi Aborisade , Temitope Deborah Olaniyi","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><div>Health hazards stemming from metalloid consumption, such as arsenic, pose a global concern. This study aimed to assess the protective effects of turmeric against arsenic-induced alterations in lipid profiles and energy metabolism in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty male rats were divided into three groups over a 90–180-day exposure period: Group 1 (Control) received standard rat chow; Group 2 received an arsenic diet; and Group 3 received arsenic plus turmeric supplemented diet. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for lipid profiles, glucose levels, energy metabolism parameters, and PPAR-α mRNA expression using qRT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed (p<0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results indicated significant (p<0.05) increases in lipid profiles among arsenic-exposed rats after 180 days, elevating the risk of coronary artery diseases. Both arsenic and turmeric-exposed groups showed heightened total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels at 90 and 180 days, with nuanced differences suggesting dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Blood glucose observations revealed hypoglycemia initially in arsenic-exposed rats, progressing to hyperglycemia by 180 days. Arsenic significantly (p<0.05) inhibited pyruvate kinase, hexokinase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase activities in the liver after 180 days, while turmeric exposure showed no significant (p<0.05) changes. Additionally, both arsenic and turmeric groups exhibited downregulation of PPAR-α expression at 180 days. In-silico analysis identified curcumin as a promising component for anti-atherosclerosis and arsenic-related conditions due to its strong binding affinities and multiple hydrogen bond formations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, long-term turmeric consumption may mitigate arsenic-induced oxidative damage associated with early hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis. These findings underscore turmeric’s potential therapeutic role against arsenic toxicity, suggesting avenues for future research and public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100112
Yuri de Abreu Gomes-Vasconcelos , Pedro Lucas Martins-Santiago , Dalgimar Beserra de Menezes , José Lima de Carvalho Rocha , Rutyleia Alves-Soares , Maria Diana Moreira-Gomes , Francisco Walber Ferreira-da-Silva , Kerly Shamyra da Silva-Alves , José Henrique Leal-Cardoso , Andrelina Noronha Coelho-de-Souza
Methotrexate (MTX) is an important drug for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. However, it induces many gastrointestinal inflammation-related side effects. The essential oil of Hyptis crenata (EOHc) has gastrointestinal protective and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of EOHc on MTX-induced intestinal inflammation in rats. Male Wistar rats were administered MTX or Saline for 3 days and EOHc (300 mg/kg) or vehicle for an additional 3 or 7 days. Half of the animal was euthanized 3 days after the end of MTX treatment (inflammation phase) and the remaining half euthanized 4 days later (post-inflammation phase). The MPO levels in the mucositis inflammation-related phase of the MTX-treated group were 284 % of the control in the duodenum (cont: 50,9 ± 9,97 U/mg of protein) and 231 % of the control in the ileum (cont: 30,4 ± 6,60 U/mg of protein). In the EOHc group, the levels were 50 % of control in the duodenum and 113 % in the ileum. During this phase, EOHc prevented the increase in TBARs levels and the decrease in thiol levels in the duodenum and jejunum. In the post-inflammation phase of mucositis, EOHc prevented the gastrointestinal transit alteration and, in general, increased food and water consumption. In conclusion, the observed effects, particularly the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of EOHc, as well as its previously reported low toxicity, position EOHc as a promising candidate for reducing gastrointestinal side effects associated with the use of MTX.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of essential oil of Hyptis crenata on the intestinal injuries induced by methotrexate","authors":"Yuri de Abreu Gomes-Vasconcelos , Pedro Lucas Martins-Santiago , Dalgimar Beserra de Menezes , José Lima de Carvalho Rocha , Rutyleia Alves-Soares , Maria Diana Moreira-Gomes , Francisco Walber Ferreira-da-Silva , Kerly Shamyra da Silva-Alves , José Henrique Leal-Cardoso , Andrelina Noronha Coelho-de-Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methotrexate (MTX) is an important drug for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. However, it induces many gastrointestinal inflammation-related side effects. The essential oil of <em>Hyptis crenata</em> (EOHc) has gastrointestinal protective and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of EOHc on MTX-induced intestinal inflammation in rats. Male Wistar rats were administered MTX or Saline for 3 days and EOHc (300 mg/kg) or vehicle for an additional 3 or 7 days. Half of the animal was euthanized 3 days after the end of MTX treatment (inflammation phase) and the remaining half euthanized 4 days later (post-inflammation phase). The MPO levels in the mucositis inflammation-related phase of the MTX-treated group were 284 % of the control in the duodenum (cont: 50,9 ± 9,97 U/mg of protein) and 231 % of the control in the ileum (cont: 30,4 ± 6,60 U/mg of protein). In the EOHc group, the levels were 50 % of control in the duodenum and 113 % in the ileum. During this phase, EOHc prevented the increase in TBARs levels and the decrease in thiol levels in the duodenum and jejunum. In the post-inflammation phase of mucositis, EOHc prevented the gastrointestinal transit alteration and, in general, increased food and water consumption. In conclusion, the observed effects, particularly the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of EOHc, as well as its previously reported low toxicity, position EOHc as a promising candidate for reducing gastrointestinal side effects associated with the use of MTX.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100109
Alfredi A. Moyo , Amos Luanda , Asha Ripanda , Vitus A. Nyigo , Alphonce I. Marealle
Vigna unguiculata L. (Cowpea) is a potential legume that has been widely utilized in both culinary and medicinal contexts. This review provides a comprehensive explanation of potential health-beneficial compounds, food, and medicinal uses of V. unguiculata. The plant species contain bioactive compounds of different groups, like alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. These compounds were presumed to be responsible for the medicinal potential of the plant, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. Various societies across the world have used V. unguiculata as a food and medicine. Many cultures have historically used V. unguiculata as a food and medicine. Apart from being a foodstuff, the plant leaves, seeds, and pods can cure microbial infections, diabetes, various inflammation, digestive problems, and cardiovascular disease. The plant species have a high concentration of crucial biomolecules such as vitamins, protein, amino acids, and minerals, which gives it a significant nutritional profile. In this review, all challenges and possible opportunities for further investigations are highlighted. Generally, V. unguiculata is a promising legume that can be utilized globally as a medicine and food for the improvement of human health.
{"title":"Recent trend on phytochemistry, nutraceutical and therapeutic potential of underutilized vegetable Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) (Walp) in healthcare domains","authors":"Alfredi A. Moyo , Amos Luanda , Asha Ripanda , Vitus A. Nyigo , Alphonce I. Marealle","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vigna unguiculata</em> L. (Cowpea) is a potential legume that has been widely utilized in both culinary and medicinal contexts. This review provides a comprehensive explanation of potential health-beneficial compounds, food, and medicinal uses of <em>V. unguiculata</em>. The plant species contain bioactive compounds of different groups, like alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. These compounds were presumed to be responsible for the medicinal potential of the plant, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. Various societies across the world have used <em>V. unguiculata</em> as a food and medicine. Many cultures have historically used <em>V. unguiculata</em> as a food and medicine. Apart from being a foodstuff, the plant leaves, seeds, and pods can cure microbial infections, diabetes, various inflammation, digestive problems, and cardiovascular disease. The plant species have a high concentration of crucial biomolecules such as vitamins, protein, amino acids, and minerals, which gives it a significant nutritional profile. In this review, all challenges and possible opportunities for further investigations are highlighted. Generally, <em>V. unguiculata</em> is a promising legume that can be utilized globally as a medicine and food for the improvement of human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142530886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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