Pub Date : 2019-10-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.004
Yao Tang, Xiaoning Li, Bin Zhang, Qing-lin Xu, Haoran Wu, Zhikuan Yang
Objective: To investigate the association between different ocular dominance and fixation preferences in adolescents with intermittent exotropia (IXT). Methods: In this case serial study, a total of 43 patients with IXT from Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science from July to December 2018 participated. With full refractive error correction, the hole-in-the-card test was used to identify sighting dominance, the near point of convergence test was used to determine motor dominance, and a continuous flash technique based on a Gabor patch was used to determine ocular sensory dominance. The preferred eye for fixation was determined by Mayo's office control scale when observing a target at long distance. The degree of agreement between the dominant eye and the preferred eye for fixation was quantified with Kappa statistics. And the association between the above-mentioned concordance and ocular dominance index (ODI) was analyzed by logistic regression. Results: For a total of 43 patients with IXT, sighting dominance, motor dominance, and sensory dominance showed moderate agreement with fixation preference (the Kappa values were 0.46, 0.43, and 0.68, respectively, P<0.001). When there was a clear sensory dominance, the agreement between the sensory dominant eye and the preferred fixation eye was fairly high (Kappa values was 0.86, P<0.001), while the agreements of the other two kinds of ocular dominance and fixation preference were still moderate (the Kappa values were 0.57 and 0.44, respectively, P<0.01). Logistic regression showed that the probability for the preferred fixation eye to agree with the sensory dominant eye increased with the value of ODI (B=0.53, OR=1.70, P<0.001), the greater the ODI value, the higher the probability for agreement between the sensory dominant eye and the preferred fixation eye. Conclusion: For IXT adolescents, there is a consistent relationship between ocular dominance and fixation preference. The results of sensory ocular dominance are more closely related to the preferred eye for fixation, especially when there is a clear sensory dominance, which is more reliable than a sighting dominance test or motor dominance test. Key words: intermittent exotropia; ocular dominance; fixation preference; adolescents
{"title":"The Association between Different Ocular Dominance and Fixation Preferences in Adolescents with Intermittent Exotropia","authors":"Yao Tang, Xiaoning Li, Bin Zhang, Qing-lin Xu, Haoran Wu, Zhikuan Yang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To investigate the association between different ocular dominance and fixation preferences in adolescents with intermittent exotropia (IXT). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000In this case serial study, a total of 43 patients with IXT from Aier Institute of Optometry and Vision Science from July to December 2018 participated. With full refractive error correction, the hole-in-the-card test was used to identify sighting dominance, the near point of convergence test was used to determine motor dominance, and a continuous flash technique based on a Gabor patch was used to determine ocular sensory dominance. The preferred eye for fixation was determined by Mayo's office control scale when observing a target at long distance. The degree of agreement between the dominant eye and the preferred eye for fixation was quantified with Kappa statistics. And the association between the above-mentioned concordance and ocular dominance index (ODI) was analyzed by logistic regression. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000For a total of 43 patients with IXT, sighting dominance, motor dominance, and sensory dominance showed moderate agreement with fixation preference (the Kappa values were 0.46, 0.43, and 0.68, respectively, P<0.001). When there was a clear sensory dominance, the agreement between the sensory dominant eye and the preferred fixation eye was fairly high (Kappa values was 0.86, P<0.001), while the agreements of the other two kinds of ocular dominance and fixation preference were still moderate (the Kappa values were 0.57 and 0.44, respectively, P<0.01). Logistic regression showed that the probability for the preferred fixation eye to agree with the sensory dominant eye increased with the value of ODI (B=0.53, OR=1.70, P<0.001), the greater the ODI value, the higher the probability for agreement between the sensory dominant eye and the preferred fixation eye. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: \u0000For IXT adolescents, there is a consistent relationship between ocular dominance and fixation preference. The results of sensory ocular dominance are more closely related to the preferred eye for fixation, especially when there is a clear sensory dominance, which is more reliable than a sighting dominance test or motor dominance test. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000intermittent exotropia; ocular dominance; fixation preference; adolescents","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"64 1","pages":"740-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84836230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To assess the validity, differences and agreements among measurements of refractive status in school-aged children and adolescents using Goaleye RM-9000, Nidek AR-1 and Topcon RM-800. Methods: In this prospective study, 449 individuals (449 right eyes) aged from 9 to 18 from Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University were measured in turns by the three autorefractors for their refractive status in random sequence from May to June, 2019. Then a professional optometrist conducted a subjective refraction for them by phoropter. All measurements by the three autorefractors were compared using a Friedman test, and measurements by the three autorefractors were compared with the subjective refraction respectively using Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Results: The median of spherical equivalent (SE) from Goaleye RM-9000, Nidek AR-1, Topcon RM-800 and the subjective refraction were -2.38(2.63)D, -2.63(2.44)D, -2.75(2.56)D and -2.38(2.50)D, respectively. There were significant differences among the SE of the three autorefractors in the refraction measurement of school-aged children and adolescents (χ2=384.893, P<0.001). There were no significant differences between the SE of Goaleye RM-9000 and subjective refraction (Z=-0.199, P=0.842), There were significant differences between the SE of Nidek AR-1 and subjective refraction (Z=-11.753, P<0.001), There were significant differences between the SE of Topcon RM-800 and subjective refraction (Z=-15.733, P<0.001). Conclusion: The measurements conducted by Goaleye RM-9000 and Nidek AR-1 were more accurate than by Topcon RM-800. There were significant differences among the results of the three autorefractors in the refraction measurement of school-aged children and adolescents. Key words: refractive error; refraction; spherical equivalent; agreement; children and adolescents
{"title":"Comparison of Refractive Measures of Three Autorefractors in School-Aged Children and Adolescents","authors":"Chunjie Lu, D. Song, Yize Chen, Changsen Tu, X. Mao, Liangde Xu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To assess the validity, differences and agreements among measurements of refractive status in school-aged children and adolescents using Goaleye RM-9000, Nidek AR-1 and Topcon RM-800. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000In this prospective study, 449 individuals (449 right eyes) aged from 9 to 18 from Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University were measured in turns by the three autorefractors for their refractive status in random sequence from May to June, 2019. Then a professional optometrist conducted a subjective refraction for them by phoropter. All measurements by the three autorefractors were compared using a Friedman test, and measurements by the three autorefractors were compared with the subjective refraction respectively using Wilcoxon signed ranks test. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The median of spherical equivalent (SE) from Goaleye RM-9000, Nidek AR-1, Topcon RM-800 and the subjective refraction were -2.38(2.63)D, -2.63(2.44)D, -2.75(2.56)D and -2.38(2.50)D, respectively. There were significant differences among the SE of the three autorefractors in the refraction measurement of school-aged children and adolescents (χ2=384.893, P<0.001). There were no significant differences between the SE of Goaleye RM-9000 and subjective refraction (Z=-0.199, P=0.842), There were significant differences between the SE of Nidek AR-1 and subjective refraction (Z=-11.753, P<0.001), There were significant differences between the SE of Topcon RM-800 and subjective refraction (Z=-15.733, P<0.001). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: \u0000The measurements conducted by Goaleye RM-9000 and Nidek AR-1 were more accurate than by Topcon RM-800. There were significant differences among the results of the three autorefractors in the refraction measurement of school-aged children and adolescents. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000refractive error; refraction; spherical equivalent; agreement; children and adolescents","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"63 1","pages":"721-726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73371343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.006
Fen Chen, Dan Shen, X. Lei, Qian Chen, Peng Song, Kai Liao, Qingyan Zeng
Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of wavefront-guided transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (WG-TransPRK) with simultaneous accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (A-CXL) in early-stage keratoconus. Methods: In this retrospective study, twelve eyes of 7 patients with early keratoconus underwent simultaneous WG-TransPRK with A-CXL. Visual acuity, refractive status, topography, confocal microscopy and aberrations were examined before treatment and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. Data were analyzed by paired t test. Results: Twelve months after the surgery, the average UCVA improved from 0.77±0.25 LogMAR to 0.34±0.26 LogMAR (P=0.001), the average BCVA improved from 0.18±0.21 LogMAR to 0.05±0.09 LogMAR (P=0.034). The K1, K2 spherical equivalent of the cornea were reduced from 43.85±1.72 D and 46.64±2.36 D to 40.63±2.13 D (t=9.48, P=0.001) and 42.27±1.89 D (t=8.29, P=0.001), respectively. And Kmax decreasing from 48.88±3.62 D to 45.43±1.54 D (t=3.02, P=0.014). Sub-basal nerve density decreased (P=0.001). The anterior and mid-stromal keratocyte density was reduced also (P<0.05). No significant change was detected in the deep stromal and endothelial cell density. The aberration parameters decreased in the 4 mm diameter analysis area (P<0.05). Conclusion: WG-TransPRK combined with simultaneous A-CXL is safe and effective for the treatment of early-stage keratoconus, with an improvement in visual acuity. Key words: photorefractive keratectomy; corneal collagen cross-linking; keratoconus; aberration
目的:观察波前引导经上皮性光屈光性角膜切除术(WG-TransPRK)联合加速角膜胶原交联(A-CXL)治疗早期圆锥角膜的疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性研究7例早期圆锥角膜患者12眼同时行WG-TransPRK和A-CXL。治疗前及术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月检查视力、屈光状态、地形、共聚焦显微镜和像差。数据分析采用配对t检验。结果:术后12个月，平均UCVA由0.77±0.25 LogMAR改善至0.34±0.26 LogMAR (P=0.001)，平均BCVA由0.18±0.21 LogMAR改善至0.05±0.09 LogMAR (P=0.034)。角膜K1、K2的球面等效度分别从43.85±1.72 D和46.64±2.36 D降至40.63±2.13 D (t=9.48, P=0.001)和42.27±1.89 D (t=8.29, P=0.001)。Kmax由48.88±3.62 D降至45.43±1.54 D (t=3.02, P=0.014)。基底下神经密度降低(P=0.001)。前基质、中基质角质细胞密度明显降低(P<0.05)。深层间质和内皮细胞密度未见明显变化。在直径为4 mm的分析区，像差参数降低(P<0.05)。结论:WG-TransPRK联合A-CXL治疗早期圆锥角膜安全有效，视力明显改善。关键词:光屈光性角膜切除术;角膜胶原交联;圆锥形角膜;像差
{"title":"Clinical Observation of Wavefront-Guided Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy with Simultaneous Accelerated Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in Early Keratoconic Patients","authors":"Fen Chen, Dan Shen, X. Lei, Qian Chen, Peng Song, Kai Liao, Qingyan Zeng","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To observe the efficacy and safety of wavefront-guided transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (WG-TransPRK) with simultaneous accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (A-CXL) in early-stage keratoconus. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000In this retrospective study, twelve eyes of 7 patients with early keratoconus underwent simultaneous WG-TransPRK with A-CXL. Visual acuity, refractive status, topography, confocal microscopy and aberrations were examined before treatment and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. Data were analyzed by paired t test. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000Twelve months after the surgery, the average UCVA improved from 0.77±0.25 LogMAR to 0.34±0.26 LogMAR (P=0.001), the average BCVA improved from 0.18±0.21 LogMAR to 0.05±0.09 LogMAR (P=0.034). The K1, K2 spherical equivalent of the cornea were reduced from 43.85±1.72 D and 46.64±2.36 D to 40.63±2.13 D (t=9.48, P=0.001) and 42.27±1.89 D (t=8.29, P=0.001), respectively. And Kmax decreasing from 48.88±3.62 D to 45.43±1.54 D (t=3.02, P=0.014). Sub-basal nerve density decreased (P=0.001). The anterior and mid-stromal keratocyte density was reduced also (P<0.05). No significant change was detected in the deep stromal and endothelial cell density. The aberration parameters decreased in the 4 mm diameter analysis area (P<0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: \u0000WG-TransPRK combined with simultaneous A-CXL is safe and effective for the treatment of early-stage keratoconus, with an improvement in visual acuity. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000photorefractive keratectomy; corneal collagen cross-linking; keratoconus; aberration","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"10 1","pages":"751-758"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78277241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.009
Luci M. Chen, Xiaoying Wu, D. Wen, B. Xiao, Shuang-zhen Liu, Chenling Li, Shengfa Hu
Objective: To investigate the safety, efficacy, predictability, stability and posterior corneal elevation of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for high myopia. Methods: This study was a descriptive longitudinal study. A retrospective analysis was performed on 37 patients (67 eyes) with high myopia (spherical equivalent, -10.75--6.25 D) who underwent SMILE in the Ophthalmology Department of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University in 2016. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error, intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length, and corneal topography were measured preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 day, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. The data before and after surgery and the influencing factors were analyzed by a generalized estimation equation. Results: The UCVA (LogMAR) of the high myopes was -0.1 (-0.2, 0), the effective index was 0.83±0.20, the BCVA (LogMAR) was -0.2 (-0.2, -0.2), and the safety index was 1.03±0.16 at 6 months after SMILE. The degree of myopia increased gradually from 1 month to 6 months postoperatively. The refractive error was -0.25 (-0.50, 0) D and regression was -0.25 (-0.50, 0) D at 6 months after SMILE. UCVA was positively correlated with age, refractive error and regression and was negatively correlated with age after surgery. The difference value of the posterior corneal surface was 0.030±0.006 mm before and 0.046±0.012 mm 6 months after surgery, which was lower than that in the first month, and was not statistically different at 3 months. Difference and Δdifference at 6 months were positively correlated with mPTA (modified percent tissue altered). Conclusions: This study demonstrates SMILE to be a safe, effective, predictable and stable procedure for the treatment of high myopia, with a slight myopic regression at 6 months after surgery, especially in elders. The posterior corneal surface shifts forward postoperatively and partially recovers after 3 months; the amounts are associated with mPTA. Key words: small incision lenticule extraction; high myopia; posterior corneal surface
{"title":"Clinical Efficacy and Posterior Corneal Elevation of Small Incision Lenticule Extraction in High Myopes","authors":"Luci M. Chen, Xiaoying Wu, D. Wen, B. Xiao, Shuang-zhen Liu, Chenling Li, Shengfa Hu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To investigate the safety, efficacy, predictability, stability and posterior corneal elevation of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for high myopia. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000This study was a descriptive longitudinal study. A retrospective analysis was performed on 37 patients (67 eyes) with high myopia (spherical equivalent, -10.75--6.25 D) who underwent SMILE in the Ophthalmology Department of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University in 2016. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error, intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length, and corneal topography were measured preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 day, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. The data before and after surgery and the influencing factors were analyzed by a generalized estimation equation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The UCVA (LogMAR) of the high myopes was -0.1 (-0.2, 0), the effective index was 0.83±0.20, the BCVA (LogMAR) was -0.2 (-0.2, -0.2), and the safety index was 1.03±0.16 at 6 months after SMILE. The degree of myopia increased gradually from 1 month to 6 months postoperatively. The refractive error was -0.25 (-0.50, 0) D and regression was -0.25 (-0.50, 0) D at 6 months after SMILE. UCVA was positively correlated with age, refractive error and regression and was negatively correlated with age after surgery. The difference value of the posterior corneal surface was 0.030±0.006 mm before and 0.046±0.012 mm 6 months after surgery, which was lower than that in the first month, and was not statistically different at 3 months. Difference and Δdifference at 6 months were positively correlated with mPTA (modified percent tissue altered). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000This study demonstrates SMILE to be a safe, effective, predictable and stable procedure for the treatment of high myopia, with a slight myopic regression at 6 months after surgery, especially in elders. The posterior corneal surface shifts forward postoperatively and partially recovers after 3 months; the amounts are associated with mPTA. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000small incision lenticule extraction; high myopia; posterior corneal surface","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"19 1","pages":"776-782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90794391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.008
Men-Zhao Wang, Chen Dan, Liping Li, Huilin Liu, C. Min, Wu Xiaoman, Qingyan Zeng
Objective: To evaluate the short-term therapeutic effect of intense pulsed light combined with meibomian gland expression (IPL/MGX) for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Methods: This was a prospective single-arm clinical study that included 55 MGD patients, in which 48 patients (96 eyes) finished the follow-up. IPL/MGX treatment was administered in both eyes, once every 3 weeks for 3 sessions. Testing was performed before treatment and 1 week after treatment and included the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), a questionnaire survey, tear film break-up time, corneal staining, meibomian gland function and imaging, conjunctival bulbar redness, confocal microscope examination of the meibomian gland and mites, etc. A paired t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Spearman rank correlation were used for statistical analysis. Results: Ocular surface disease index (t=2.300, P=0.024) meibomian gland expression score and meibum quality score (Z=-3.617, P<0.001; t=2.472, P=0.017), corneal staining score and bulbar redness score (Z=-2.757, P=0.006; t=2.040, P=0.044), inflammatory cell density (t=4.765, P<0.001), and total number of demodex mites in the follicle (t=2.121, P=0.037) were all improved after treatment. The patients with a meibomian gland dropout area of less than 50% had significant improvement of subjective symptoms, ocular surface inflammation and meibomian gland function after treatment. Patients with a meibomian gland dropout area of more than 70% showed no significant improvement before and after treatment. Conclusion: IPL/MGX can significantly improve the subjective symptoms and meibomian gland function of MGD patients with mild atrophy of the meibomian gland, alleviate the inflammation of the ocular surface, reduce the number of demodex mites, and relieve damage onthe ocular surface. Key words: intense pulsed light; meibomian gland expression; meibomian gland dysfunction; in vivo confocal microscopy
{"title":"Therapeutic Effect of Intense Pulsed Light Combined with Meibomian Gland Expression in the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction","authors":"Men-Zhao Wang, Chen Dan, Liping Li, Huilin Liu, C. Min, Wu Xiaoman, Qingyan Zeng","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To evaluate the short-term therapeutic effect of intense pulsed light combined with meibomian gland expression (IPL/MGX) for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000This was a prospective single-arm clinical study that included 55 MGD patients, in which 48 patients (96 eyes) finished the follow-up. IPL/MGX treatment was administered in both eyes, once every 3 weeks for 3 sessions. Testing was performed before treatment and 1 week after treatment and included the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), a questionnaire survey, tear film break-up time, corneal staining, meibomian gland function and imaging, conjunctival bulbar redness, confocal microscope examination of the meibomian gland and mites, etc. A paired t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Spearman rank correlation were used for statistical analysis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000Ocular surface disease index (t=2.300, P=0.024) meibomian gland expression score and meibum quality score (Z=-3.617, P<0.001; t=2.472, P=0.017), corneal staining score and bulbar redness score (Z=-2.757, P=0.006; t=2.040, P=0.044), inflammatory cell density (t=4.765, P<0.001), and total number of demodex mites in the follicle (t=2.121, P=0.037) were all improved after treatment. The patients with a meibomian gland dropout area of less than 50% had significant improvement of subjective symptoms, ocular surface inflammation and meibomian gland function after treatment. Patients with a meibomian gland dropout area of more than 70% showed no significant improvement before and after treatment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: \u0000IPL/MGX can significantly improve the subjective symptoms and meibomian gland function of MGD patients with mild atrophy of the meibomian gland, alleviate the inflammation of the ocular surface, reduce the number of demodex mites, and relieve damage onthe ocular surface. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000intense pulsed light; meibomian gland expression; meibomian gland dysfunction; in vivo confocal microscopy","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"104 1","pages":"769-775"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87601346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.003
Guanshun Yu, Q. Zheng, Yili Jin, Hengli Lian, Miaojun Yan, Ruru Chen, Qin-Mei Wang
Objective: To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of axial length obtained by the optical biometer IOLMaster 500 in children aged 2-6 years. Methods: One hundred and two right eyes from 102 children were included in this cross-sectional study from Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University from December 2016 to March 2017. Each eye was measured by two experienced operators using the IOLMaster 500 with 3 consecutive measurements. To evaluate intraoperator repeatability using repeated measurement ANOVA, Bland-Altman plots, and use paired samples t test and so on to analyze data. Results: The axial length obtained by the IOLMaster 500 showed high repeatability (95%LoA within -0.04 to 0.04 mm, and ICC was 1.000). The reproducibility of axial length was also high (95%LoA within -0.04 to 0.03 mm, Sw<0.01mm, 2.77 Sw<0.03 mm, CoV<0.05%). The width of the 95%LoA was reduced by 42.86% using averaged results rather than the result of a single measurement. Conclusions: Axial lengths obtained by the IOLMaster 500 in children aged 2-6 years shows high repeatability and reproducibility. In addition, the mean value of 3 consecutive measurements is better than that of a single measurement. Key words: IOLMaster 500; axial length; A scan; repeatability; reproducibility; children
{"title":"Repeatability and Reproducibility of Axial Length Obtained by the IOLMaster 500 in 2 – 6 Year-Old Children","authors":"Guanshun Yu, Q. Zheng, Yili Jin, Hengli Lian, Miaojun Yan, Ruru Chen, Qin-Mei Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of axial length obtained by the optical biometer IOLMaster 500 in children aged 2-6 years. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000One hundred and two right eyes from 102 children were included in this cross-sectional study from Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University from December 2016 to March 2017. Each eye was measured by two experienced operators using the IOLMaster 500 with 3 consecutive measurements. To evaluate intraoperator repeatability using repeated measurement ANOVA, Bland-Altman plots, and use paired samples t test and so on to analyze data. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The axial length obtained by the IOLMaster 500 showed high repeatability (95%LoA within -0.04 to 0.04 mm, and ICC was 1.000). The reproducibility of axial length was also high (95%LoA within -0.04 to 0.03 mm, Sw<0.01mm, 2.77 Sw<0.03 mm, CoV<0.05%). The width of the 95%LoA was reduced by 42.86% using averaged results rather than the result of a single measurement. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000Axial lengths obtained by the IOLMaster 500 in children aged 2-6 years shows high repeatability and reproducibility. In addition, the mean value of 3 consecutive measurements is better than that of a single measurement. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000IOLMaster 500; axial length; A scan; repeatability; reproducibility; children","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":"655-660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88713871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.001
Yi-Xiao Wang, Teng-Teng Yao, Yao Tong, Ya-Li Zhou, Yuan Yang, Zhao-yang Wang
Objective: To probe the role of Erythropoietin (EPO) in the progress of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). AAV-mediated EPO shRNA was used to target retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in order to find a potential therapeutic approach to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Methods: This study was based on a controlled comparison experimental design. The in vitro efficiency of the EPO shRNA plasmid was tested in HEK293T cell culture. Two-month-old C57/B6J mice were used in this study. The right eyes were the experimental group and were injected with AAV1-sCBA-GFP-EPO-shRNA subretinally. The left eyes were the control group and were injected with AAV1-sCBA-GFP subretinally. Laser burns were performed to induce choroidal neovascularization in each eye 3 weeks after injection. Fundus images were taken immediately after that to make sure RPE was infected by the virus and the animal model was constructed successfully. The mice were sacrificed 15 days after laser photocoagulation, RPE flat-mounts were used to quantify the area of the CNV lesions. Statistical comparisons between groups were analyzed with a student's t test. Results: EPO shRNA had a statistically significantly efficiency (t=6.080, P=0.022) in HEK293T cell culture. The gene reduction rate of EPO shRNA was 69.6%. Successful virus transfection and model construction could be seen on fundus images. The average area of CNV lesions in the experimental eyes was 44.7% less than that in the control eyes. This reduction was also statistically significant (t=4.279, P=0.001). Conclusions: AAV-mediated EPO shRNA significantly reduces the progress of CNV lesions. This suggests that knocking down the EPO gene with AAV-mediated EPO shRNA can be a potential treatment for nAMD in the future. Key words: adeno-associated virus; choroidal neovascularization; erythropoietin; neovascular age-related macular degeneration
{"title":"AAV-Mediated EPO Gene Reduction Inhibits Choroidal Neovascularization","authors":"Yi-Xiao Wang, Teng-Teng Yao, Yao Tong, Ya-Li Zhou, Yuan Yang, Zhao-yang Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To probe the role of Erythropoietin (EPO) in the progress of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). AAV-mediated EPO shRNA was used to target retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in order to find a potential therapeutic approach to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000This study was based on a controlled comparison experimental design. The in vitro efficiency of the EPO shRNA plasmid was tested in HEK293T cell culture. Two-month-old C57/B6J mice were used in this study. The right eyes were the experimental group and were injected with AAV1-sCBA-GFP-EPO-shRNA subretinally. The left eyes were the control group and were injected with AAV1-sCBA-GFP subretinally. Laser burns were performed to induce choroidal neovascularization in each eye 3 weeks after injection. Fundus images were taken immediately after that to make sure RPE was infected by the virus and the animal model was constructed successfully. The mice were sacrificed 15 days after laser photocoagulation, RPE flat-mounts were used to quantify the area of the CNV lesions. Statistical comparisons between groups were analyzed with a student's t test. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000EPO shRNA had a statistically significantly efficiency (t=6.080, P=0.022) in HEK293T cell culture. The gene reduction rate of EPO shRNA was 69.6%. Successful virus transfection and model construction could be seen on fundus images. The average area of CNV lesions in the experimental eyes was 44.7% less than that in the control eyes. This reduction was also statistically significant (t=4.279, P=0.001). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000AAV-mediated EPO shRNA significantly reduces the progress of CNV lesions. This suggests that knocking down the EPO gene with AAV-mediated EPO shRNA can be a potential treatment for nAMD in the future. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000adeno-associated virus; choroidal neovascularization; erythropoietin; neovascular age-related macular degeneration","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"44 1","pages":"641-647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88274904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.007
Zhizhang Dong, Yifeng Gan, Haihua Zheng, Mei Li
Objective: To explore the short-term clinical outcome of treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs for non-infectious posterior scleritis. Methods: Twenty patients (20 eyes) who were diagnosed with posterior scleritis from January 2012 to October 2017 in the Department Ophthalmology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were recruited for this retrospective series of case study. Clinical findings were documented before and after treatment for all patients. Patients also underwent testing for best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, fundus examination, and posterior retinal examination with B-scan ultrasound. Examinations were performed at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the start of treatment. All results were quantitatively and statistically analyzed by variance analysis. Results: Before treatment, 18 patients (90%) had complained about pain and worsening vision, 13 patients had anterior uveitis and anterior scleritis, 17 eyes had optic disc swelling, and 18 eyes had retinal phlebectasia. After two weeks of treatment, 18 patients (90%) had relief from pain symptoms and 7 patients (35%) had improved visual acuity. Anterior inflammation eased in all patients after 1 month of treatment. Optic disc edema and retinal phlebectasia were alleviated in 10 eyes, the retinal/choroidal folds gradually resolved, and symptoms were eased in all cases after 3 months of treatment. Almost all abnormalities in the fundus disappeared after 6 months of treatment. After treatment, B-scan ultrasound examination showed that eyeball thickness was reduced and accompanied by "T" syndrome remission, with an average of 2.82±0.63 mm, 2.01±0.68 mm, 1.86±0.44 mm, 1.68±0.45 mm, and 1.43±0.65 mm after treatment for 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months, respectively, compared to 3.24±0.78 mm before treatment. Compared to pre-treatment, the difference from 2 weeks after treatment was statistically significant (t=13.76, P=0.0017). Symptoms were alleviated in about 17 cases after two weeks of treatment with an effective rate of 30% (6 cases). Effectiveness was at 45% (9 cases) after 3 months of treatment, and 5 patients (25%) were cured. Conclusions: Aggressive therapy with systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents to treat posterior scleritis always achieves good resolution in a short period of time with a favorable visual outcome but long-term therapy is often required to prevent recurrence. B-scan ultrasound is the most useful option for assessing the therapeutic effect during follow-up. Key words: sclera; posterior scleritis; clinical treatment; uveitis
{"title":"The Short-Term Outcome of Treatment with Corticosteroids and Immunosuppressive Drugs for Non-Infectious Posterior Scleritis","authors":"Zhizhang Dong, Yifeng Gan, Haihua Zheng, Mei Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To explore the short-term clinical outcome of treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs for non-infectious posterior scleritis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000Twenty patients (20 eyes) who were diagnosed with posterior scleritis from January 2012 to October 2017 in the Department Ophthalmology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were recruited for this retrospective series of case study. Clinical findings were documented before and after treatment for all patients. Patients also underwent testing for best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, fundus examination, and posterior retinal examination with B-scan ultrasound. Examinations were performed at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the start of treatment. All results were quantitatively and statistically analyzed by variance analysis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000Before treatment, 18 patients (90%) had complained about pain and worsening vision, 13 patients had anterior uveitis and anterior scleritis, 17 eyes had optic disc swelling, and 18 eyes had retinal phlebectasia. After two weeks of treatment, 18 patients (90%) had relief from pain symptoms and 7 patients (35%) had improved visual acuity. Anterior inflammation eased in all patients after 1 month of treatment. Optic disc edema and retinal phlebectasia were alleviated in 10 eyes, the retinal/choroidal folds gradually resolved, and symptoms were eased in all cases after 3 months of treatment. Almost all abnormalities in the fundus disappeared after 6 months of treatment. After treatment, B-scan ultrasound examination showed that eyeball thickness was reduced and accompanied by \"T\" syndrome remission, with an average of 2.82±0.63 mm, 2.01±0.68 mm, 1.86±0.44 mm, 1.68±0.45 mm, and 1.43±0.65 mm after treatment for 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months, respectively, compared to 3.24±0.78 mm before treatment. Compared to pre-treatment, the difference from 2 weeks after treatment was statistically significant (t=13.76, P=0.0017). Symptoms were alleviated in about 17 cases after two weeks of treatment with an effective rate of 30% (6 cases). Effectiveness was at 45% (9 cases) after 3 months of treatment, and 5 patients (25%) were cured. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000Aggressive therapy with systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents to treat posterior scleritis always achieves good resolution in a short period of time with a favorable visual outcome but long-term therapy is often required to prevent recurrence. B-scan ultrasound is the most useful option for assessing the therapeutic effect during follow-up. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000sclera; posterior scleritis; clinical treatment; uveitis","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"56 79 1","pages":"682-688"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83587092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.008
Bei Cheng, Qichang Wang, Luo-sheng Tang
Objective: To observe and evaluate the effect of corneal electrical stimulation on anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) in diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly grouped, and 8 of them were selected as the normal group. For the remaining 32 rats, the diabetic rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and 8 of the rat models were randomly selected as the diabetic group. Meanwhile, the remaining 24 diabetic rats were treated with rose bengal combined with 532 nm laser to construct the AION rat model. Afterwards, the above-mentioned AION rat models were randomly divided into three groups with 8 in each group, including the AION rat group (received no treatment), the electrical stimulation group and the sham electrical stimulation group. The electrical stimulation group was given corneal electrical stimulation with the following parameters: Current of 1 mA, frequency of 20 Hz, wave width of 1 ms/phase, and stimulation time of 1 hour once every other day for 2 weeks. The sham electrical stimulation group had an electrode placed in the same position as that of the electrical stimulation group, but the power was not connected. After 2 weeks, rats in the 5 above-mentioned groups were analyzed with fundus color photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual evoked potentials (VEP). Moreover, after the rats were sacrificed, the retina and optic nerve were frozen and sectioned, and hematoxylin and eosin stains were applied to the tissues. LSD-t tests and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results: The average retinal thickness of the superior optic disc was 211±13 μm in the normal rat group, 206±16 μm in the diabetic rat group, 240±54 μm in the AION rat group, 216±11 μm in the sham stimulation group, and 198±4 μm in the electrical stimulation group. There were significant differences in the average retinal thickness of the superior optic disc among the five groups (F=2.854, P=0.038). Of them, the average retinal thickness of the superior optic disc in the AION group was greater than the retinal thickness in the normal group, the diabetic group and the electrical stimulation group, and the differences were statistically significant (P 0.05), or between the AION group and the sham stimulation group (P>0.05). VEP revealed that the N1 latency of the AION group was longer than that of the electrical stimulation group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.1, P<0.001). The P1 latency of the AION group was extended compared to latencies in the normal group, the diabetic group, the sham electrical stimulation group and the electrical stimulation group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=4.1, 2.5, 2.6, 3.2, P<0.05). In addition, the amplitude of N1-P1 in the electrical stimulation group increased relative to that in the sham electrical stimulation group, and the difference was statist
{"title":"Effects of Corneal Electrical Stimulation on the Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Diabetic Rats","authors":"Bei Cheng, Qichang Wang, Luo-sheng Tang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To observe and evaluate the effect of corneal electrical stimulation on anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) in diabetic rats. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000In this experimental study, 40 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly grouped, and 8 of them were selected as the normal group. For the remaining 32 rats, the diabetic rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and 8 of the rat models were randomly selected as the diabetic group. Meanwhile, the remaining 24 diabetic rats were treated with rose bengal combined with 532 nm laser to construct the AION rat model. Afterwards, the above-mentioned AION rat models were randomly divided into three groups with 8 in each group, including the AION rat group (received no treatment), the electrical stimulation group and the sham electrical stimulation group. The electrical stimulation group was given corneal electrical stimulation with the following parameters: Current of 1 mA, frequency of 20 Hz, wave width of 1 ms/phase, and stimulation time of 1 hour once every other day for 2 weeks. The sham electrical stimulation group had an electrode placed in the same position as that of the electrical stimulation group, but the power was not connected. After 2 weeks, rats in the 5 above-mentioned groups were analyzed with fundus color photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual evoked potentials (VEP). Moreover, after the rats were sacrificed, the retina and optic nerve were frozen and sectioned, and hematoxylin and eosin stains were applied to the tissues. LSD-t tests and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The average retinal thickness of the superior optic disc was 211±13 μm in the normal rat group, 206±16 μm in the diabetic rat group, 240±54 μm in the AION rat group, 216±11 μm in the sham stimulation group, and 198±4 μm in the electrical stimulation group. There were significant differences in the average retinal thickness of the superior optic disc among the five groups (F=2.854, P=0.038). Of them, the average retinal thickness of the superior optic disc in the AION group was greater than the retinal thickness in the normal group, the diabetic group and the electrical stimulation group, and the differences were statistically significant (P 0.05), or between the AION group and the sham stimulation group (P>0.05). VEP revealed that the N1 latency of the AION group was longer than that of the electrical stimulation group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.1, P<0.001). The P1 latency of the AION group was extended compared to latencies in the normal group, the diabetic group, the sham electrical stimulation group and the electrical stimulation group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=4.1, 2.5, 2.6, 3.2, P<0.05). In addition, the amplitude of N1-P1 in the electrical stimulation group increased relative to that in the sham electrical stimulation group, and the difference was statist","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"78 1","pages":"689-697"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90154359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-25DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.002
L. Yin, Shu-Hong Zhang, Jing Zhu, Chao Sun, Xun Bao, Yong Yao
Objective: To study the effect of rho kinase inhibitor Y27632 on retinal histomorphology in rats with retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: In this experimental study, sixty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, 15 in each group: normal group, ischemia-reperfusion injury group (IRI group), saline group, and Y27632 group. Twenty-four hours (10 rats) and 168 hours (5 rats) after the induction of ischemia-reperfusion, the rats were sacrificed and the retinas were stained with HE and ADP. Histopathological change in the retina was examined and the thickness of the retina was measured. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Results: The retinal structure was clear and the structure of the three layer cells was orderly in the normal group. In the IRI group, after 24 hours of reperfusion, retinal thickness increased, the inner and outer plexiform layers were loose, the retinal ganglion cells and the inner and outer nuclear layers showed evidence of edema and were disordered and the retinal ganglion cells were reduced. After 168 hours, retinal edema subsided, and thickness was reduced and atrophic. The number of ganglion cells and inner and outer nuclear cells decreased. Capillaries were seen in the anterior retina and nerve fiber layer. After 24 hours of reperfusion, the retinal thickness of the IRI group was greater than that of the nomal group (P=0.005), and the thickness of the Y27632 group was lower than that of the saline group (P=0.032). After 168 hours of reperfusion, the retinal thickness of the IRI group was lower than that of nomal group (P<0.001), and the thickness of the Y27632 group was higher than that of the saline group (P=0.025). In the norml group, the retinal blood vessels were distributed uniformly and radially around the papillae, and the structure of the capillary network was clear. After 24 hours of reperfusion, retinal vessels in the IRI group were thinner, more rigid and had less branching. Large non-perfusion areas were observed around the retina and around the optic papilla, and neovascularization buds were gradually reticulated around the non-perfusion area. In the Y27632 group, there was a non-perfusion area around the optic papilla and the middle retina, and neovascularization was around the non-perfusion area. The area of the non-perfusion zone in 4PD of the posterior pole was significantly less than that in the IRI andsaline groups. Conclusions: Y27632 intravitreal injection can reduce retinal edema, apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells, retinal neovascularization and retinal atrophy in the early stage of retinal ischemia-reperfusion. It has a protective effect on the optic nerve. Key words: glaucoma; ischemia; reperfusion injury; Rho kinase; Y27632; rats
{"title":"The Effect of Y27632 on Retinal Tissue Histomorphology in Rats with Acute Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion","authors":"L. Yin, Shu-Hong Zhang, Jing Zhu, Chao Sun, Xun Bao, Yong Yao","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-845X.2019.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: \u0000To study the effect of rho kinase inhibitor Y27632 on retinal histomorphology in rats with retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods: \u0000In this experimental study, sixty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, 15 in each group: normal group, ischemia-reperfusion injury group (IRI group), saline group, and Y27632 group. Twenty-four hours (10 rats) and 168 hours (5 rats) after the induction of ischemia-reperfusion, the rats were sacrificed and the retinas were stained with HE and ADP. Histopathological change in the retina was examined and the thickness of the retina was measured. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results: \u0000The retinal structure was clear and the structure of the three layer cells was orderly in the normal group. In the IRI group, after 24 hours of reperfusion, retinal thickness increased, the inner and outer plexiform layers were loose, the retinal ganglion cells and the inner and outer nuclear layers showed evidence of edema and were disordered and the retinal ganglion cells were reduced. After 168 hours, retinal edema subsided, and thickness was reduced and atrophic. The number of ganglion cells and inner and outer nuclear cells decreased. Capillaries were seen in the anterior retina and nerve fiber layer. After 24 hours of reperfusion, the retinal thickness of the IRI group was greater than that of the nomal group (P=0.005), and the thickness of the Y27632 group was lower than that of the saline group (P=0.032). After 168 hours of reperfusion, the retinal thickness of the IRI group was lower than that of nomal group (P<0.001), and the thickness of the Y27632 group was higher than that of the saline group (P=0.025). In the norml group, the retinal blood vessels were distributed uniformly and radially around the papillae, and the structure of the capillary network was clear. After 24 hours of reperfusion, retinal vessels in the IRI group were thinner, more rigid and had less branching. Large non-perfusion areas were observed around the retina and around the optic papilla, and neovascularization buds were gradually reticulated around the non-perfusion area. In the Y27632 group, there was a non-perfusion area around the optic papilla and the middle retina, and neovascularization was around the non-perfusion area. The area of the non-perfusion zone in 4PD of the posterior pole was significantly less than that in the IRI andsaline groups. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: \u0000Y27632 intravitreal injection can reduce retinal edema, apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells, retinal neovascularization and retinal atrophy in the early stage of retinal ischemia-reperfusion. It has a protective effect on the optic nerve. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000glaucoma; ischemia; reperfusion injury; Rho kinase; Y27632; rats","PeriodicalId":10142,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology","volume":"6 1","pages":"648-654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89662373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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