Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246004522
Ademir Ribeiro de Mendonça, J. O. Cazetta, Paula Wellen Barbosa Gonçalves
ABSTRACT Carrot plants do not develop well in clayey soils. In its turn, the charcoal fine (CF), which is a residue composed of porous particles, has the potential to be mixed in the soil to reduce its density. However, there is no evidence that the application of CF improves carrot production in clayey soil. Thus, an experiment in pots was designed, consisting of 16 treatments composed of the combination of 5 sizes of CF particles (1-2 mm, 2-4 mm, 4-8 mm, 8-16 mm, 16-32 mm) with 3 volumetric rates of CF (25%, 50% and 75%, plus a control (soil alone), aiming to verify which situation promotes the better plant growth and production. It was observed that mixing CF into the soil decreases substrate density and increases substrate water retention. The results of this research also revealed that the highest yield (fresh and dry weight) of carrots was achieved with CF mixed with the soil at a rate of 50%, using a CF particle size of 2-4 mm. The greatest length and diameter of carrots were obtained with a dose of CF of around 45%. CF-containing substrates delayed initial plant growth up to 45 DAE, but increased plant development after 75 DAE and improved plant performance and carrot yield measured at the harvest time (90 DAE).
{"title":"Charcoal fine residues used as biochar in heavy clayey soil improve carrot production","authors":"Ademir Ribeiro de Mendonça, J. O. Cazetta, Paula Wellen Barbosa Gonçalves","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246004522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246004522","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Carrot plants do not develop well in clayey soils. In its turn, the charcoal fine (CF), which is a residue composed of porous particles, has the potential to be mixed in the soil to reduce its density. However, there is no evidence that the application of CF improves carrot production in clayey soil. Thus, an experiment in pots was designed, consisting of 16 treatments composed of the combination of 5 sizes of CF particles (1-2 mm, 2-4 mm, 4-8 mm, 8-16 mm, 16-32 mm) with 3 volumetric rates of CF (25%, 50% and 75%, plus a control (soil alone), aiming to verify which situation promotes the better plant growth and production. It was observed that mixing CF into the soil decreases substrate density and increases substrate water retention. The results of this research also revealed that the highest yield (fresh and dry weight) of carrots was achieved with CF mixed with the soil at a rate of 50%, using a CF particle size of 2-4 mm. The greatest length and diameter of carrots were obtained with a dose of CF of around 45%. CF-containing substrates delayed initial plant growth up to 45 DAE, but increased plant development after 75 DAE and improved plant performance and carrot yield measured at the harvest time (90 DAE).","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67203383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246008022
Talita Butzske Bússolo, Cassia Milena de Souza, Nathália Aparecida Andrade de Souza, M. C. Furlaneto, E. Bona, L. Furlaneto-Maia
ABSTRACT Natural preservatives, such as enterocins, have been the focus of several studies for use in the food industry. However, the commercial media used to obtain enterocins are still expensive, presenting a disadvantage for large-scale production. In this study was developed four formulations of culture media containing soybean flour for obtaining Enterococcus durans enterocins. The antilisterial activity of E. durans MF5 enterocins obtained in soybean and MRS media (control) was characterized, with Listeria monocytogenes CLIP2032 and L. innocua CLIP12612 as the bacterial strains. The growth of E. durans (CFU/mL) was significantly affected by the incubation time in the soybean and MRS media (p <0.05), but the composition of the media did not affect the cell development of the enterocin-producing microorganism. When evaluating the genes encoding enterocin synthesis, positive results were obtained for enterocin A, B, P, and X. When treated with proteolytic enzymes (α-chymotrypsin, protease, and proteinase-K), enterocin was inactivated, confirming its protein character. The antilisterial activity of the enterocins obtained in soybean media was up to 6,400 AU mL-1. Enterocins from soybean media M1 and M2 showed antibacterial activity at a concentration of 1 mg/mL after 6 h incubation. Thus, we show that culture media formulated with soybean flour are promising substrates for enterocin production that would allow the protocol to be expanded on a large scale.
天然防腐剂，如肠球菌素，一直是食品工业应用研究的焦点。然而，用于获取肠球菌素的商业介质仍然昂贵，不利于大规模生产。本研究开发了四种含豆粉的培养基，用于获得杜兰肠球菌肠毒素。以单核增生李斯特菌CLIP2032和无性李斯特菌CLIP12612为菌株，对大豆和MRS培养基(对照)中获得的durans E. MF5肠球菌蛋白的抑菌活性进行了研究。大豆和MRS培养基培养时间对产肠球蛋白微生物的生长(CFU/mL)有显著影响(p <0.05)，培养基组成对产肠球蛋白微生物的细胞发育无显著影响。对肠球蛋白合成编码基因进行评价时，肠球蛋白A、B、P、x均呈阳性。用蛋白水解酶(α-凝乳胰蛋白酶、蛋白酶、蛋白酶- k)处理后，肠球蛋白被灭活，证实了其蛋白特性。在大豆培养基中获得的肠球菌素抗利斯特菌活性高达6400 AU mL-1。大豆培养基M1和M2中肠球菌素在浓度为1 mg/mL时，培养6 h后显示出抑菌活性。因此，我们表明，用大豆粉配制的培养基是生产肠球菌素的有希望的底物，这将使该方案能够大规模扩展。
{"title":"Soybean flour as a substrate to obtain Enterococcus durans bacteriocins","authors":"Talita Butzske Bússolo, Cassia Milena de Souza, Nathália Aparecida Andrade de Souza, M. C. Furlaneto, E. Bona, L. Furlaneto-Maia","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246008022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246008022","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Natural preservatives, such as enterocins, have been the focus of several studies for use in the food industry. However, the commercial media used to obtain enterocins are still expensive, presenting a disadvantage for large-scale production. In this study was developed four formulations of culture media containing soybean flour for obtaining Enterococcus durans enterocins. The antilisterial activity of E. durans MF5 enterocins obtained in soybean and MRS media (control) was characterized, with Listeria monocytogenes CLIP2032 and L. innocua CLIP12612 as the bacterial strains. The growth of E. durans (CFU/mL) was significantly affected by the incubation time in the soybean and MRS media (p <0.05), but the composition of the media did not affect the cell development of the enterocin-producing microorganism. When evaluating the genes encoding enterocin synthesis, positive results were obtained for enterocin A, B, P, and X. When treated with proteolytic enzymes (α-chymotrypsin, protease, and proteinase-K), enterocin was inactivated, confirming its protein character. The antilisterial activity of the enterocins obtained in soybean media was up to 6,400 AU mL-1. Enterocins from soybean media M1 and M2 showed antibacterial activity at a concentration of 1 mg/mL after 6 h incubation. Thus, we show that culture media formulated with soybean flour are promising substrates for enterocin production that would allow the protocol to be expanded on a large scale.","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67203788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246022521
A. M. Zuffo, R. Ratke, F. Steiner, J. Aguilera
ABSTRACT Late season nitrogen (N) applications may serve as cultural practices to increase soybean yield and grain protein concentration in modern high-yielding cultivars. A study to evaluate the response of soybean cultivars to late N application in supplementation to Bradyrhizobium spp. inoculation was conducted in two Brazilian Cerrado agricultural soils with medium and high fertility during the 2019/2020 growing season. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in a 2×2×5 factorial scheme: two agricultural production environments [UFMS 1 (medium fertility) and UFMS 2 (high fertility)], two soybean cultivars (TMG 7067 IPRO and BMX Bônus IPRO), and five late N application rates (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1), with four replicates. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was used to investigate the interrelationships between the groups of independent (agricultural production environments, soybean cultivars, and N application rates) and dependent (soybean agronomic traits) variables. Nitrogen rates were applied in topdressing at the R5.3 soybean growth stage. Late N applications did not affect soybean agronomic traits (plant height, first pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per pod, and 1,000-grain mass) and did not increase the grain protein concentration or yield of the soybean cultivars, regardless of the fertility level of the agricultural area. We conclude that when efficient strains of Bradyrhizobium spp. are used in soybean cropping in medium- and high-fertility Cerrado soils, there is no need to apply late rates of N fertilizer.
摘要在现代高产品种中，晚施氮肥可作为提高大豆产量和籽粒蛋白质浓度的栽培措施。2019/2020生长季，在巴西塞拉多两种中高肥力农业土壤中，研究了大豆品种对晚施氮肥补施缓生根瘤菌的响应。采用2×2×5因子试验，采用随机区组设计:2个农业生产环境[UFMS 1(中肥力)和UFMS 2(高肥力)]，2个大豆品种(TMG 7067 IPRO和BMX Bônus IPRO)， 5个后期施氮量(0、50、100、150和200 kg N ha-1)， 4个重复。采用典型相关分析(CCA)研究了独立变量(农业生产环境、大豆品种和施氮量)与依赖变量(大豆农艺性状)之间的相互关系。在R5.3大豆生育期进行施氮追肥。后期施氮不影响大豆的农艺性状(株高、首荚高、单株荚果数、每荚粒数和千粒重)，也不增加大豆品种的籽粒蛋白质浓度或产量，与农区肥力水平无关。因此，在中高肥力的塞拉多土壤中施用缓生根瘤菌高效菌株种植大豆时，不需要施用晚施氮肥。
{"title":"Agronomic characteristics of soybean cultivars with late-season nitrogen application in supplementation to the inoculation of Bradyrhizobium spp.","authors":"A. M. Zuffo, R. Ratke, F. Steiner, J. Aguilera","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246022521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246022521","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Late season nitrogen (N) applications may serve as cultural practices to increase soybean yield and grain protein concentration in modern high-yielding cultivars. A study to evaluate the response of soybean cultivars to late N application in supplementation to Bradyrhizobium spp. inoculation was conducted in two Brazilian Cerrado agricultural soils with medium and high fertility during the 2019/2020 growing season. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in a 2×2×5 factorial scheme: two agricultural production environments [UFMS 1 (medium fertility) and UFMS 2 (high fertility)], two soybean cultivars (TMG 7067 IPRO and BMX Bônus IPRO), and five late N application rates (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1), with four replicates. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was used to investigate the interrelationships between the groups of independent (agricultural production environments, soybean cultivars, and N application rates) and dependent (soybean agronomic traits) variables. Nitrogen rates were applied in topdressing at the R5.3 soybean growth stage. Late N applications did not affect soybean agronomic traits (plant height, first pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per pod, and 1,000-grain mass) and did not increase the grain protein concentration or yield of the soybean cultivars, regardless of the fertility level of the agricultural area. We conclude that when efficient strains of Bradyrhizobium spp. are used in soybean cropping in medium- and high-fertility Cerrado soils, there is no need to apply late rates of N fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67204498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246000822
Emily V.R. da S. Feijó, Bárbara L. R. Barbosa, C. van den Berg, Lenaldo Muniz de Oliveira
ABSTRACT Lippia origanoides Kunth. is a medicinal plant that is widely available in the Northeast region of Brazil and is known as “alecrim-d’angola”. However, there is no information available on the genetic variability of this species in the region. Thus, the current study was aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and structuring of L. origanoides populations occurring in the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, Brazil, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. The evaluated Nei’s diversity index of the populations varied from 0.162 to 0.237, and the Shannon diversity index varied from 0.247 to 0.350. In molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis, a variation of 31% was observed among the populations, which denotes a high interpopulation structuring. The structure analysis and dendrogram indicated the possibility of classifying the 18 populations into four groups. As their genetic structure is extremely high, it is important to collect L. origanoides germplasm, including as many populations as possible. Since the region of Chapada Diamantina holds the most diverse populations of L. origanoides germplasm, it is a priority area to obtain the germplasm.
{"title":"Genetic diversity of Lippia origanoides Kunth. in natural populations using ISSR markers","authors":"Emily V.R. da S. Feijó, Bárbara L. R. Barbosa, C. van den Berg, Lenaldo Muniz de Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246000822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246000822","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lippia origanoides Kunth. is a medicinal plant that is widely available in the Northeast region of Brazil and is known as “alecrim-d’angola”. However, there is no information available on the genetic variability of this species in the region. Thus, the current study was aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and structuring of L. origanoides populations occurring in the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, Brazil, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. The evaluated Nei’s diversity index of the populations varied from 0.162 to 0.237, and the Shannon diversity index varied from 0.247 to 0.350. In molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis, a variation of 31% was observed among the populations, which denotes a high interpopulation structuring. The structure analysis and dendrogram indicated the possibility of classifying the 18 populations into four groups. As their genetic structure is extremely high, it is important to collect L. origanoides germplasm, including as many populations as possible. Since the region of Chapada Diamantina holds the most diverse populations of L. origanoides germplasm, it is a priority area to obtain the germplasm.","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67202952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246008722
M. Santos, S. Donato, J. Neves, P. R. Marques, M. C. Pereira, M. G. V. Rodrigues
ABSTRACT Reference values of leaf nutrient contents are essential for nutritional assessment of plants. The objective was to establish nutritional reference values for ‘BRS Platina’ banana in improved fertility soil, using the sufficiency range (SR), border Line (BL) and mathematical chance (MCh) methods, in addition to the critical level obtained by the reduced normal distribution (CLz). The study was carried out in Guanambi-BA, considering nutrient contents and yields of an experiment arranged in randomized blocks, 5 x 6 factorial scheme, with five doses of K2O (0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 kg ha-1) supplied with fertilizers for organic management and six sampling times (210; 390; 570; 750; 930 and 1,110 days after planting), totaling 90 plots. Plots with high yield, ≥ 38.40 t ha-1, formed the reference population and plots with yield ≥ 47.43 t ha-1 formed the reference subpopulation. There was convergence between the optimal values obtained by the methods evaluated. Therefore, the reference values adjusted by the SR, BL, MCh and CLz methods can be used with assertiveness to interpret the foliar analysis of the ‘BRS Platina’ banana in improved fertility soils. Furthermore, among these, MCh stands out as it provides narrower optimal ranges.
叶片养分含量的参考值是植物营养评价的重要依据。目的是在利用简化正态分布(CLz)获得临界水平的基础上，利用充足范围(SR)、边界线(BL)和数学机会(MCh)方法，建立改良肥力土壤中“BRS Platina”香蕉的营养参考值。本研究采用5 × 6因子随机分组方案，在关南坝进行5个K2O剂量(0、200、400、600和800 kg hm -1)的有机施肥试验，6个采样次数(210;390;570;750;种植后930天和1110天)，共90块。高产地(≥38.40 t ha-1)构成参考种群，高产地(≥47.43 t ha-1)构成参考亚种群。所评价的方法得到的最优值之间存在收敛性。因此，SR、BL、MCh和CLz方法调整后的参考值可以较为准确地解释改良肥力土壤中“BRS Platina”香蕉的叶面分析。此外，其中MCh的突出之处在于它提供了更窄的最佳范围。
{"title":"Nutrient reference values for ‘BRS Platina’ banana in improved fertility soils","authors":"M. Santos, S. Donato, J. Neves, P. R. Marques, M. C. Pereira, M. G. V. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246008722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246008722","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Reference values of leaf nutrient contents are essential for nutritional assessment of plants. The objective was to establish nutritional reference values for ‘BRS Platina’ banana in improved fertility soil, using the sufficiency range (SR), border Line (BL) and mathematical chance (MCh) methods, in addition to the critical level obtained by the reduced normal distribution (CLz). The study was carried out in Guanambi-BA, considering nutrient contents and yields of an experiment arranged in randomized blocks, 5 x 6 factorial scheme, with five doses of K2O (0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 kg ha-1) supplied with fertilizers for organic management and six sampling times (210; 390; 570; 750; 930 and 1,110 days after planting), totaling 90 plots. Plots with high yield, ≥ 38.40 t ha-1, formed the reference population and plots with yield ≥ 47.43 t ha-1 formed the reference subpopulation. There was convergence between the optimal values obtained by the methods evaluated. Therefore, the reference values adjusted by the SR, BL, MCh and CLz methods can be used with assertiveness to interpret the foliar analysis of the ‘BRS Platina’ banana in improved fertility soils. Furthermore, among these, MCh stands out as it provides narrower optimal ranges.","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67203839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246008822
Jaquelini Garcia, C. Coelho, C. Carlesso, Â. Sommer, A. M. O. Oliveira Neto
ABSTRACT The use of high-vigor seeds combined with seeding density adjustment at sowing is speculated to ensure high yields. However, certain doubts regarding the effect of this combined approach on rice cultivation remain owing to the tillering capacity. In this context, the present study aimed to determine the effects of seeding density adjustment according to vigor on the initial establishment of seedlings in the field. A physiological characterization was conducted using the germination test, vigor by accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, first count, shoot length, root length, total seedling length, and dry mass in the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 growing seasons. The evaluations were conducted using a completely randomized design with four replications. Subsequently, the seed lots were selected, from which a fraction of seeds were submitted to artificial vigor reduction. Afterward, these seeds were sown in the main producing regions of the state of Santa Catarina, under a randomized block design with four replications. Three treatment groups were formed: one without density adjustment, one with adjustment by germination, and one with adjustment by vigor in accelerated aging. Twenty-one days after sowing, the number of emerged seedlings per unit area was determined. An interaction between the factors of adjustment for density and seed quality was observed. This was evidenced in the fact that even with the adjustment of density by vigor, the seed lot with lower quality presented the emergence of a lower number of seedlings, and the performance of these seeds was not equivalent to that observed in the lot with superior quality. Accordingly, it was concluded that the seeding density adjustment by vigor combined with the use of seeds with high-vigor is a suitable strategy for achieving a significant increase in plant emergence during the initial establishment in the field.
{"title":"Sowing density adjustment by rice seed vigor","authors":"Jaquelini Garcia, C. Coelho, C. Carlesso, Â. Sommer, A. M. O. Oliveira Neto","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246008822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246008822","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of high-vigor seeds combined with seeding density adjustment at sowing is speculated to ensure high yields. However, certain doubts regarding the effect of this combined approach on rice cultivation remain owing to the tillering capacity. In this context, the present study aimed to determine the effects of seeding density adjustment according to vigor on the initial establishment of seedlings in the field. A physiological characterization was conducted using the germination test, vigor by accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, first count, shoot length, root length, total seedling length, and dry mass in the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 growing seasons. The evaluations were conducted using a completely randomized design with four replications. Subsequently, the seed lots were selected, from which a fraction of seeds were submitted to artificial vigor reduction. Afterward, these seeds were sown in the main producing regions of the state of Santa Catarina, under a randomized block design with four replications. Three treatment groups were formed: one without density adjustment, one with adjustment by germination, and one with adjustment by vigor in accelerated aging. Twenty-one days after sowing, the number of emerged seedlings per unit area was determined. An interaction between the factors of adjustment for density and seed quality was observed. This was evidenced in the fact that even with the adjustment of density by vigor, the seed lot with lower quality presented the emergence of a lower number of seedlings, and the performance of these seeds was not equivalent to that observed in the lot with superior quality. Accordingly, it was concluded that the seeding density adjustment by vigor combined with the use of seeds with high-vigor is a suitable strategy for achieving a significant increase in plant emergence during the initial establishment in the field.","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67203885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246002122
Jakeline Veras da Silva, F. B. Ribeiro, J. C. Siqueira, M. Bomfim, D. Nascimento, R. S. Marchão
ABSTRACT Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum ) is one of the highly produced freshwater fish in Brazilian fish farming. However, its production efficiency associated with the refinement of diet formulations is limited due to a lack of information on nutritional requirements for certain essential amino acids such as valine. This study was designed to estimate the valine requirement of tambaqui having different body weights. A total of 720 juveniles were used in the feed trials. The first trial consisted of 360 fish with an average initial weight of 33.28 ±0.19 g, and the second trial comprised 360 fish (121.19 ±1.29 g). The trials consisted of dose-response experiments with five levels of valine (5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 11.0, and 13.0 g/kg diet) and four replicate tanks per treatment. The control diet was obtained by adding L-valine to the diet containing 5.0 g/kg diet (the first level of valine tested) to ensure it reached the diet containing 7.0 g/kg diet, corresponding to the second level tested. Analysis of variance, Dunnett’s test for comparison with the control diet, and regression analysis were performed. The results showed that the valine intake, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved by the dietary valine (P < 0.05) in both trials. Dietary levels of valine exerted quadratic effects on body protein, body fat, body protein deposition, and nitrogen retention efficiency of tambaqui with 33 g and 121 g as body fat deposition was affected by the dietary valine level only in tambaqui weighing 33 g. Quadratic regression analysis of body protein deposition data revealed the optimum dietary valine requirement of tambaqui (33.0 g-83.0 g) and (121.0 g-277.0 g) as 11.9 g/kg diet and 9.1 g/kg diet, respectively.
{"title":"Dietary valine requirement of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) with different body weights","authors":"Jakeline Veras da Silva, F. B. Ribeiro, J. C. Siqueira, M. Bomfim, D. Nascimento, R. S. Marchão","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246002122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246002122","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum ) is one of the highly produced freshwater fish in Brazilian fish farming. However, its production efficiency associated with the refinement of diet formulations is limited due to a lack of information on nutritional requirements for certain essential amino acids such as valine. This study was designed to estimate the valine requirement of tambaqui having different body weights. A total of 720 juveniles were used in the feed trials. The first trial consisted of 360 fish with an average initial weight of 33.28 ±0.19 g, and the second trial comprised 360 fish (121.19 ±1.29 g). The trials consisted of dose-response experiments with five levels of valine (5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 11.0, and 13.0 g/kg diet) and four replicate tanks per treatment. The control diet was obtained by adding L-valine to the diet containing 5.0 g/kg diet (the first level of valine tested) to ensure it reached the diet containing 7.0 g/kg diet, corresponding to the second level tested. Analysis of variance, Dunnett’s test for comparison with the control diet, and regression analysis were performed. The results showed that the valine intake, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved by the dietary valine (P < 0.05) in both trials. Dietary levels of valine exerted quadratic effects on body protein, body fat, body protein deposition, and nitrogen retention efficiency of tambaqui with 33 g and 121 g as body fat deposition was affected by the dietary valine level only in tambaqui weighing 33 g. Quadratic regression analysis of body protein deposition data revealed the optimum dietary valine requirement of tambaqui (33.0 g-83.0 g) and (121.0 g-277.0 g) as 11.9 g/kg diet and 9.1 g/kg diet, respectively.","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67203203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246004322
Josef Gastl Filho, O. T. Hamawaki, A. Nogueira, C. O. Silva, R. L. Hamawaki, C. Hamawaki
ABSTRACT Genetic parameters and correlations are useful tools in breeding programs, helping to make decisions about the most efficient method of selecting soybean progenies. The objective was to determine genetic parameters and correlations between characters in 52 soybean genotypes, from 4 populations and to select the superior progenies for early cycle and grain productivity. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design consisting of 52 RCF3:4 progenies and three controls (UFUS7010, TMG801, BRSGO7560). Agronomic and yield traits were evaluated. For the number of days to flowering and maturity, plant height at maturity and number of nodes at maturity, a high heritability estimate and favorable conditions for selection were observed. The existence of correlations between the characters was verified with the predominance of genetic causes, which allows the success in the indirect selection. By the Mulamba and Mock method, the highest selection gain was obtained, however, for the genotype-ideotype distance index method, greater gains were obtained for production components, therefore, 15 early cycle and productive superior RCF3:4 progenies were selected with a cycle between 79.0 and 105.0 days and production of 302.5 to 463.0 g plot-¹.
遗传参数和相关关系是育种计划中有用的工具，有助于制定最有效的大豆后代选择方法。目的是确定来自4个群体的52个大豆基因型的遗传参数和性状间的相关关系，以选择早期周期和籽粒生产的优良后代。实验采用随机区组设计，包括52只RCF3:4子代鼠和3只对照鼠(UFUS7010、TMG801、BRSGO7560)。进行农艺性状和产量性状评价。在花期和成熟期、成熟期株高和成熟期节数方面，有较高的遗传力估计和有利的选择条件。性状间存在相关性，遗传因素占优势，间接选择成功。Mulamba法和Mock法获得的选择增益最高，而基因型-理想型距离指数法在生产组分上获得的选择增益更大，因此选择了15个周期为79.0 ~ 105.0 d、产量为302.5 ~ 463.0 g plot-¹的早周期高产优子代RCF3:4。
{"title":"Genetic parameters and selection strategies for soybean progenies aiming at precocity and grain productivity","authors":"Josef Gastl Filho, O. T. Hamawaki, A. Nogueira, C. O. Silva, R. L. Hamawaki, C. Hamawaki","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246004322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246004322","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Genetic parameters and correlations are useful tools in breeding programs, helping to make decisions about the most efficient method of selecting soybean progenies. The objective was to determine genetic parameters and correlations between characters in 52 soybean genotypes, from 4 populations and to select the superior progenies for early cycle and grain productivity. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design consisting of 52 RCF3:4 progenies and three controls (UFUS7010, TMG801, BRSGO7560). Agronomic and yield traits were evaluated. For the number of days to flowering and maturity, plant height at maturity and number of nodes at maturity, a high heritability estimate and favorable conditions for selection were observed. The existence of correlations between the characters was verified with the predominance of genetic causes, which allows the success in the indirect selection. By the Mulamba and Mock method, the highest selection gain was obtained, however, for the genotype-ideotype distance index method, greater gains were obtained for production components, therefore, 15 early cycle and productive superior RCF3:4 progenies were selected with a cycle between 79.0 and 105.0 days and production of 302.5 to 463.0 g plot-¹.","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67203345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246004822
D. H. Souza, T. R. Gomes, R. Nepomuceno, A. Alencar, Monik Kelly de Oliveira Costa, E. R. Freitas
ABSTRACT The use of sunflower cake (SC) in animal feed has been studied mainly due to the characteristics that are given to them, since this by-product when incorporated in the feed can increase the economic viability and the nutritional value of the diet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of sunflower cake in lightweight pullet diets and check their nutrient digestibility and metabolizable energy for several parameters, including diet, performance, body composition, nutrient retention, energy metabolism at the growth phase, performance of egg production, sexual maturity, and egg quality at the beginning of the laying phase. We distributed a total of 648 pullets in our study, which was a completely randomized design including six treatments with six replicates of 18 pullets each. The treatments included diets with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% SC. Our study results concluded that pullets fed with diets containing SC showed a reduction (P<0.01) in nutrient digestibility and metabolizable energy compared to those fed with the control diet. Pullets fed with 25% SC showed an increase (P<0.01) in feed intake and feed conversion ratio. However, dietary inclusion of SC in pullet diets did not influence (P>0.05) their body composition, nutrient retention, energy metabolism, sexual maturity, egg-laying performance, and egg quality of laying hens between 18 and 35 weeks of their age. Therefore, up to 25% of SC could be included in the diet of lightweight laying pullets in the growth phase since it exhibited no residual effect on their productive performance at the beginning of the laying phase.
{"title":"Sunflower cake in the diets of lightweight laying pullets: Effects on the growth phase and the beginning of production cycle","authors":"D. H. Souza, T. R. Gomes, R. Nepomuceno, A. Alencar, Monik Kelly de Oliveira Costa, E. R. Freitas","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246004822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246004822","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of sunflower cake (SC) in animal feed has been studied mainly due to the characteristics that are given to them, since this by-product when incorporated in the feed can increase the economic viability and the nutritional value of the diet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of sunflower cake in lightweight pullet diets and check their nutrient digestibility and metabolizable energy for several parameters, including diet, performance, body composition, nutrient retention, energy metabolism at the growth phase, performance of egg production, sexual maturity, and egg quality at the beginning of the laying phase. We distributed a total of 648 pullets in our study, which was a completely randomized design including six treatments with six replicates of 18 pullets each. The treatments included diets with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% SC. Our study results concluded that pullets fed with diets containing SC showed a reduction (P<0.01) in nutrient digestibility and metabolizable energy compared to those fed with the control diet. Pullets fed with 25% SC showed an increase (P<0.01) in feed intake and feed conversion ratio. However, dietary inclusion of SC in pullet diets did not influence (P>0.05) their body composition, nutrient retention, energy metabolism, sexual maturity, egg-laying performance, and egg quality of laying hens between 18 and 35 weeks of their age. Therefore, up to 25% of SC could be included in the diet of lightweight laying pullets in the growth phase since it exhibited no residual effect on their productive performance at the beginning of the laying phase.","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67203433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1413-7054202246007022
G. T. Braz, K. F. M. D. Resende, Cristina Maria Pinto de Paula, V. H. Techio, G. A. Torres
ABSTRACT The identification of epigenetic marks associated with problems in the meiotic process can enlighten the mechanisms underlying the irregularities and the impacts in the genetic constitution of gametes. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the relationship between the pattern of phosphorylation in serine 10 of histone H3 (H3S10ph), a (peri) centromeric epigenetic mark, with meiotic abnormalities in a wild population of Crotalaria spectabilis Roth. The main abnormalities observed were transfer of genetic material through cytoplasmatic connections, DNA elimination and abnormal spindle array. Different forms of elimination (chromatin fragmentation, ring formation, lagging chromosomes and micronuclei) were observed from the early phases until tetrad formation. The eliminated chromatin was either positive or negative for the immunosignal of H3S10ph, so it may be occurring elimination of acentric fragments, as well as of chromosomes with active or inactive centromeres. Therefore, dysfunctional centromere is not the only candidate cause for elimination. The transfer of genetic material and the abnormal spindle arrays are evidence that this population can produce aneuploid gametes and 2n pollen grains.
{"title":"Searching for mechanisms behind meiotic abnormalities in Crotalaria spectabilis Roth","authors":"G. T. Braz, K. F. M. D. Resende, Cristina Maria Pinto de Paula, V. H. Techio, G. A. Torres","doi":"10.1590/1413-7054202246007022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202246007022","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The identification of epigenetic marks associated with problems in the meiotic process can enlighten the mechanisms underlying the irregularities and the impacts in the genetic constitution of gametes. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the relationship between the pattern of phosphorylation in serine 10 of histone H3 (H3S10ph), a (peri) centromeric epigenetic mark, with meiotic abnormalities in a wild population of Crotalaria spectabilis Roth. The main abnormalities observed were transfer of genetic material through cytoplasmatic connections, DNA elimination and abnormal spindle array. Different forms of elimination (chromatin fragmentation, ring formation, lagging chromosomes and micronuclei) were observed from the early phases until tetrad formation. The eliminated chromatin was either positive or negative for the immunosignal of H3S10ph, so it may be occurring elimination of acentric fragments, as well as of chromosomes with active or inactive centromeres. Therefore, dysfunctional centromere is not the only candidate cause for elimination. The transfer of genetic material and the abnormal spindle arrays are evidence that this population can produce aneuploid gametes and 2n pollen grains.","PeriodicalId":10188,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Agrotecnologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67204151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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