The stability of the abutment screw is pivotal for successful implant-supported restorations, yet screw loosening remains a common complication, leading to compromised function and potential implant failure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different implant-abutment types and heights on screw loosening in cases with increased crown height space (CHS).
Materials and Methods
In this in vitro study, a total of 64 abutments in eight distinct groups based on their type and height were evaluated. These groups included stock, cast, and milled abutments with heights of 4 mm (groups S4, C4, and M4), 7 mm (groups S7, C7, and M7), and 10 mm (groups C10 and M10). Removal torque loss (RTL) was assessed both before and after subjecting the abutments to dynamic cyclic loading. Additionally, the differences between initial RTL and RTL following cyclic loading were analyzed for each group (p < .05).
Results
The C10 group demonstrated the highest RTL, whereas the S4 group exhibited the lowest initial RTL percentage (p < .05). Furthermore, the study established significant variations in RTL percentages and the discrepancies between initial and postcyclic loading RTL across different abutment groups (p < .05). Additionally, both abutment types and heights were found to significantly influence the RTL percentage (p < .05).
Conclusion
The type and height of the implant abutment affected screw loosening, and in an increased CHS of 12 mm, using a stock abutment with a postheight of 4 mm can be effective in minimizing screw loosening.
{"title":"The effect of different implant-abutment types and heights on screw loosening in cases with increased crown height space","authors":"Amirreza Hendi, Sobhan Mirzaee, Mehran Falahchai","doi":"10.1002/cre2.894","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.894","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The stability of the abutment screw is pivotal for successful implant-supported restorations, yet screw loosening remains a common complication, leading to compromised function and potential implant failure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different implant-abutment types and heights on screw loosening in cases with increased crown height space (CHS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this in vitro study, a total of 64 abutments in eight distinct groups based on their type and height were evaluated. These groups included stock, cast, and milled abutments with heights of 4 mm (groups S4, C4, and M4), 7 mm (groups S7, C7, and M7), and 10 mm (groups C10 and M10). Removal torque loss (RTL) was assessed both before and after subjecting the abutments to dynamic cyclic loading. Additionally, the differences between initial RTL and RTL following cyclic loading were analyzed for each group (<i>p</i> < .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The C10 group demonstrated the highest RTL, whereas the S4 group exhibited the lowest initial RTL percentage (<i>p</i> < .05). Furthermore, the study established significant variations in RTL percentages and the discrepancies between initial and postcyclic loading RTL across different abutment groups (<i>p</i> < .05). Additionally, both abutment types and heights were found to significantly influence the RTL percentage (<i>p</i> < .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The type and height of the implant abutment affected screw loosening, and in an increased CHS of 12 mm, using a stock abutment with a postheight of 4 mm can be effective in minimizing screw loosening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gingiva is one of the supporting tissues around the teeth that can be affected by various neoplastic or nonneoplastic lesions. Previous studies have examined several types of gingival lesions, but the lack of a standardized classification system has hindered meaningful comparisons. Additionally, many studies focused primarily on reactive lesions. Our study aims to contribute to the understanding of gingival lesions by investigating their prevalence across age groups, genders, sites, and by their clinical presentation. This research could lead to improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study explores the prevalence of gingival lesions based on biopsies during a 22-year span. The patient's demographic details, including age, gender, and lesion's clinical presentation were systematically collected. These lesions were categorized into six groups. Descriptive statistics, χ2 test of independence, and one-way ANOVA were used for data analysis.
Results
Among the 7668 biopsied lesions, 684 (8.9%) lesions were located in the gingiva, with a greater occurrence in women (63.5%). Soft tissue tumors represented the most prevalent group in the gingival lesions (72.1%), and peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) was the most frequent lesion (21.2%), followed by, pyogenic granuloma (19.3%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (17.8%) and focal fibrous hyperplasia (7.6%); all of which predominantly affected women, with mean ages falling in the fourth decade of life. Squamous cell carcinoma was recognized as the most common malignancy.
Conclusion
In this study, PGCG was found to be the most common lesion in the gingiva in Iranian population. Further analysis using a unanimous categorization is required to confirm these results.
{"title":"Prevalence of Histopathologic Types of Gingival Lesions in the Iranian Population: A 22-Year Retrospective Study","authors":"Nafiseh Shamloo, Mostafa Alam, Armin Khaleghi","doi":"10.1002/cre2.911","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.911","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gingiva is one of the supporting tissues around the teeth that can be affected by various neoplastic or nonneoplastic lesions. Previous studies have examined several types of gingival lesions, but the lack of a standardized classification system has hindered meaningful comparisons. Additionally, many studies focused primarily on reactive lesions. Our study aims to contribute to the understanding of gingival lesions by investigating their prevalence across age groups, genders, sites, and by their clinical presentation. This research could lead to improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study explores the prevalence of gingival lesions based on biopsies during a 22-year span. The patient's demographic details, including age, gender, and lesion's clinical presentation were systematically collected. These lesions were categorized into six groups. Descriptive statistics, <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> test of independence, and one-way ANOVA were used for data analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 7668 biopsied lesions, 684 (8.9%) lesions were located in the gingiva, with a greater occurrence in women (63.5%). Soft tissue tumors represented the most prevalent group in the gingival lesions (72.1%), and peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) was the most frequent lesion (21.2%), followed by, pyogenic granuloma (19.3%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (17.8%) and focal fibrous hyperplasia (7.6%); all of which predominantly affected women, with mean ages falling in the fourth decade of life. Squamous cell carcinoma was recognized as the most common malignancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, PGCG was found to be the most common lesion in the gingiva in Iranian population. Further analysis using a unanimous categorization is required to confirm these results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Sadrzadeh Afshar, Behzad Salari, Sina Varasteh Nejad
Objectives
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of the depression level with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in young conscripts as a population with chronic stresses.
Material and Methods
A total number of 144 male conscripts with chronic stress and different levels of depression were assigned to four groups according to the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). The control group consisted of age-matched male conscripts without chronic stress. The diagnosis of TMD was made according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney and chi-square tests.
Results
The participants with severe depression were significantly more susceptible to have TMD (p = .001) followed by the moderate depression, borderline clinical depression, mild mood disturbance, and control groups. The TMD diagnoses were more prevalent within depression groups compared with the control population (p = .01).
Conclusions
The level of depression is directly associated with the presence of TMD in young men with chronic stress.
{"title":"Investigating the effect of depression on clinical symptoms of temporomandibular disorder in young stressful men","authors":"Maryam Sadrzadeh Afshar, Behzad Salari, Sina Varasteh Nejad","doi":"10.1002/cre2.909","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.909","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of the depression level with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in young conscripts as a population with chronic stresses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total number of 144 male conscripts with chronic stress and different levels of depression were assigned to four groups according to the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). The control group consisted of age-matched male conscripts without chronic stress. The diagnosis of TMD was made according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney and chi-square tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The participants with severe depression were significantly more susceptible to have TMD (<i>p</i> = .001) followed by the moderate depression, borderline clinical depression, mild mood disturbance, and control groups. The TMD diagnoses were more prevalent within depression groups compared with the control population (<i>p</i> = .01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The level of depression is directly associated with the presence of TMD in young men with chronic stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vithleem Xanthopoulou, Ismo T. Räisänen, Timo Sorsa, Dimitrios Tortopidis, Dimitra Sakellari
Objective
The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of testing for active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) by a quantitative point-of-care (PoC), chairside lateral flow immunotest and azurocidin, in the peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF), as biomarkers for the presence or absence of peri-implant diseases.
Background
Current research indicates that proinflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes may be of value to diagnose and predict peri-implant disease initiation and progression, but more data are needed.
Methods
Eighty patients with implants were recruited. PISF samples were collected and quantitatively analyzed for aMMP-8 (chairside) and azurocidin with ELISA. Radiographic assessments and clinical indices (probing depth, probing attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque) were recorded after sampling. Kruskal-Wallis test and pairwise post hoc Dunn-Bonferroni test were used to relate aMMP-8 levels and azurocidin levels to clinical parameters. The diagnostic ability of aMMP-8 (ng/mL) and azurocidin was analyzed by receiver operator curve analysis. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated and the Spearman's rho, and the coefficient of determination (R2) were used to calculate the correlations between aMMP-8, azurocidin, and periodontal parameters.
Results
Statistically significant differences were observed for aMMP-8 levels but not for azurocidin between healthy implants, implants with mucositis, and those with peri-implantitis (13.65 ± 7.18, 32.33 ± 21.20, and 73.07 ± 43.93 ng/mL, respectively), (Kruskall–Wallis test p < .05). The aMMP-8 test with a threshold of 20 ng/mL has a sensitivity of 71.7% and a specificity of 77.8% to identify peri-implantitis and healthy implants, respectively. AUC was found to be 0.814, and the accuracy of the method reaches 73.8%. Above a cutoff value of 33.7 ng/mL of aMMP-8, the accuracy of the test to detect peri-implantitis reaches 77.5% in relation to 62.5% of BoP from the same site.
Conclusion
Taken collectively, present data indicate that the aMMP-8 PoC lateral flow immunotest can be a beneficial, adjunctive diagnostic quantitative tool for real-time screening for peri-implant diseases.
{"title":"Diagnostic value of aMMP-8 and azurocidin in peri-implant sulcular fluid as biomarkers of peri-implant health or disease","authors":"Vithleem Xanthopoulou, Ismo T. Räisänen, Timo Sorsa, Dimitrios Tortopidis, Dimitra Sakellari","doi":"10.1002/cre2.883","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.883","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of testing for active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) by a quantitative point-of-care (PoC), chairside lateral flow immunotest and azurocidin, in the peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF), as biomarkers for the presence or absence of peri-implant diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current research indicates that proinflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes may be of value to diagnose and predict peri-implant disease initiation and progression, but more data are needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty patients with implants were recruited. PISF samples were collected and quantitatively analyzed for aMMP-8 (chairside) and azurocidin with ELISA. Radiographic assessments and clinical indices (probing depth, probing attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque) were recorded after sampling. Kruskal-Wallis test and pairwise post hoc Dunn-Bonferroni test were used to relate aMMP-8 levels and azurocidin levels to clinical parameters. The diagnostic ability of aMMP-8 (ng/mL) and azurocidin was analyzed by receiver operator curve analysis. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated and the Spearman's rho, and the coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) were used to calculate the correlations between aMMP-8, azurocidin, and periodontal parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Statistically significant differences were observed for aMMP-8 levels but not for azurocidin between healthy implants, implants with mucositis, and those with peri-implantitis (13.65 ± 7.18, 32.33 ± 21.20, and 73.07 ± 43.93 ng/mL, respectively), (Kruskall–Wallis test <i>p</i> < .05). The aMMP-8 test with a threshold of 20 ng/mL has a sensitivity of 71.7% and a specificity of 77.8% to identify peri-implantitis and healthy implants, respectively. AUC was found to be 0.814, and the accuracy of the method reaches 73.8%. Above a cutoff value of 33.7 ng/mL of aMMP-8, the accuracy of the test to detect peri-implantitis reaches 77.5% in relation to 62.5% of BoP from the same site.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Taken collectively, present data indicate that the aMMP-8 PoC lateral flow immunotest can be a beneficial, adjunctive diagnostic quantitative tool for real-time screening for peri-implant diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.883","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shailaja Raghavan, Elham S. Abu Alhaija, Yousef Nasrawi, Susan Al- Khateeb, Samer Sunna
Introduction
Mouthguards (MGs) have the potential to prevent contact sport-related dental injuries. However, varying perceptions of their effectiveness persist, influencing recommendations by dental professionals.
Aim
To assess the attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions of orthodontists, other dental practitioners (general dentists and other dental specialists), and orthodontic patients involved in contact sports regarding the use of MGs.
Methodology
A cross-sectional survey was designed to collect information from dental clinicians (orthodontists and other dental practitioners) and their orthodontic patients about using MGs during sports participation. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit the participants for an online survey. A total of 107 (32 males/75 females) dental clinicians and 147 (75 males/72 females) orthodontic patients (mean age 17.5 ± 5.84 years) participated in the study. Pre-validated questionnaires, specifically designed for dental clinicians and orthodontic patients, were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 28.0; SPSS).
Results
Nearly 50% of dental clinicians have recently recommended MGs to their patients in their clinical practice out of which 59% preferred the stock type; 33% of dental clinicians enquired their patients about involvement in contact sports during initial visits. The majority of orthodontic patients acquired knowledge about MGs through the Internet. More than half of orthodontic patients expressed unwillingness to pay for MGs, and 89% of orthodontic patients found using MGs during contact sports uncomfortable.
Conclusion
The findings provide valuable insights into the practices and attitudes of dental clinicians and orthodontic patients regarding MGs, their recommendations, and the comfort levels associated with using them during contact sports.
{"title":"Un “boxing” the reality: Knowledge, attitude, and perception of orthodontists, dental practitioners, and orthodontic patients toward mouthguards' wear during contact sports—A cross-sectional study","authors":"Shailaja Raghavan, Elham S. Abu Alhaija, Yousef Nasrawi, Susan Al- Khateeb, Samer Sunna","doi":"10.1002/cre2.904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.904","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mouthguards (MGs) have the potential to prevent contact sport-related dental injuries. However, varying perceptions of their effectiveness persist, influencing recommendations by dental professionals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions of orthodontists, other dental practitioners (general dentists and other dental specialists), and orthodontic patients involved in contact sports regarding the use of MGs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional survey was designed to collect information from dental clinicians (orthodontists and other dental practitioners) and their orthodontic patients about using MGs during sports participation. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit the participants for an online survey. A total of 107 (32 males/75 females) dental clinicians and 147 (75 males/72 females) orthodontic patients (mean age 17.5 ± 5.84 years) participated in the study. Pre-validated questionnaires, specifically designed for dental clinicians and orthodontic patients, were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 28.0; SPSS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nearly 50% of dental clinicians have recently recommended MGs to their patients in their clinical practice out of which 59% preferred the stock type; 33% of dental clinicians enquired their patients about involvement in contact sports during initial visits. The majority of orthodontic patients acquired knowledge about MGs through the Internet. More than half of orthodontic patients expressed unwillingness to pay for MGs, and 89% of orthodontic patients found using MGs during contact sports uncomfortable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings provide valuable insights into the practices and attitudes of dental clinicians and orthodontic patients regarding MGs, their recommendations, and the comfort levels associated with using them during contact sports.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.904","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141251404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nilofar Karbasian, Amirhossein Fathi, Pirooz Givehchian, Saeed Nosouhian, Mohammad Jamshidian, Farhad Almassi, Ali Fazeli
Objectives
This study aimed to compare the flexural strength of monolithic zirconia with different thicknesses and two sintering techniques.
Materials and Methods
This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on 28 monolithic zirconia discs with 10 mm diameter and 0.5 (n = 14) and 1.2 mm (n = 14) thickness. Each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 7) for fast (60 min) and conventional (120 min) sintering at 1450°C. After sintering, the specimens were thermocycled and their flexural strength was measured by piston-on-3-balls technique in a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min, 1.2 mm pin diameter). Data were analyzed by the Weibull test, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey's test (α = .05).
Results
The flexural strength of specimens with 1.2 mm thickness was significantly higher than that of specimens with 0.5 mm thickness (p < .05). The flexural strength of 1.2 mm/120-min group was slightly, but not significantly, higher than that of 1.2 mm/60-min group (p > .05). The flexural strength of 0.5 mm/120-min group was slightly, but not significantly, higher than that of 0.5 mm/60-min group (p > .05).
Conclusion
The increase in thickness of monolithic zirconia increases its flexural strength; however, increasing the sintering time appears to have no significant effect on the flexural strength of monolithic zirconia.
{"title":"Comparative assessment of flexural strength of monolithic zirconia with different thicknesses and two sintering techniques","authors":"Nilofar Karbasian, Amirhossein Fathi, Pirooz Givehchian, Saeed Nosouhian, Mohammad Jamshidian, Farhad Almassi, Ali Fazeli","doi":"10.1002/cre2.856","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.856","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to compare the flexural strength of monolithic zirconia with different thicknesses and two sintering techniques.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on 28 monolithic zirconia discs with 10 mm diameter and 0.5 (<i>n</i> = 14) and 1.2 mm (<i>n</i> = 14) thickness. Each group was divided into two subgroups (<i>n</i> = 7) for fast (60 min) and conventional (120 min) sintering at 1450°C. After sintering, the specimens were thermocycled and their flexural strength was measured by piston-on-3-balls technique in a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min, 1.2 mm pin diameter). Data were analyzed by the Weibull test, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey's test (<i>α</i> = .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The flexural strength of specimens with 1.2 mm thickness was significantly higher than that of specimens with 0.5 mm thickness (<i>p</i> < .05). The flexural strength of 1.2 mm/120-min group was slightly, but not significantly, higher than that of 1.2 mm/60-min group (<i>p</i> > .05). The flexural strength of 0.5 mm/120-min group was slightly, but not significantly, higher than that of 0.5 mm/60-min group (<i>p</i> > .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The increase in thickness of monolithic zirconia increases its flexural strength; however, increasing the sintering time appears to have no significant effect on the flexural strength of monolithic zirconia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.856","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yen-Chin Chen, En-Ni Ku, Pei-Fang Tsai, Che-Wei Lin, Nai-Ying Ko, Shun-Te Huang, Jiun-Ling Wang, Yi-Ching Yang
Objective
This study aimed to clarify the relationship between oral frailty and oral dysbiosis among hospitalized patients aged ≥ 50 years.
Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted. Number of teeth, masticatory ability, articulatory oral motor skill, tongue pressure, swallowing pressure, and choking were used to assess oral frailty. Saliva samples were collected from the oral cavity for bacterial culture.
Results
A total 103 in patients enrolled and 53.4% suffered from oral frailty. Oral frailty was found to have a 3.07-fold correlation with the presence of Enterobacterales in the oral cavity (p = 0.037), especially in poor articulatory oral motor skill, which showed at greater risk of Enterobacterales isolated from the oral cavity by 5.58-fold (p = 0.01).
Conclusion
Half of hospitalized patients was found to have oral frailty that was related to more Enterobacterales in the oral cavity. This evidence suggests that the enhancement of articulatory oral motor skills may serve as a potential strategy for mitigating the presence of Enterobacterales within the oral cavity.
{"title":"The relationship between oral frailty and oral dysbiosis among hospitalized patients aged older than 50 years","authors":"Yen-Chin Chen, En-Ni Ku, Pei-Fang Tsai, Che-Wei Lin, Nai-Ying Ko, Shun-Te Huang, Jiun-Ling Wang, Yi-Ching Yang","doi":"10.1002/cre2.890","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.890","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to clarify the relationship between oral frailty and oral dysbiosis among hospitalized patients aged ≥ 50 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective observational study was conducted. Number of teeth, masticatory ability, articulatory oral motor skill, tongue pressure, swallowing pressure, and choking were used to assess oral frailty. Saliva samples were collected from the oral cavity for bacterial culture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total 103 in patients enrolled and 53.4% suffered from oral frailty. Oral frailty was found to have a 3.07-fold correlation with the presence of <i>Enterobacterales</i> in the oral cavity (<i>p</i> = 0.037), especially in poor articulatory oral motor skill, which showed at greater risk of <i>Enterobacterales</i> isolated from the oral cavity by 5.58-fold (<i>p</i> = 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Half of hospitalized patients was found to have oral frailty that was related to more <i>Enterobacterales</i> in the oral cavity. This evidence suggests that the enhancement of articulatory oral motor skills may serve as a potential strategy for mitigating the presence of Enterobacterales within the oral cavity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.890","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khalid K. Alanazi, Duncan Wood, Joanna Shepherd, Christopher W. Stokes, Ilida Ortega Asencio
Objective
To study the feasibility of using poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) filament and fused deposition modeling (FDM) to manufacture denture bases via the development of a study that considers both conventional and additive-based manufacturing techniques.
Materials and Methods
Five sample groups were compared: heat and cold cured acrylic resins, CAD/CAM milled PMMA, 3D-printed PMMA (via FDM), and 3D-printed methacrylate resin (via stereolithography, SLA). All groups were subjected to mechanical testing (flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness), water sorption and solubility tests, a tooth bonding test, microbiological assessment, and accuracy of fit measurements. The performance of sample groups was referred to ISO 20795-1 and ISO/TS 19736. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA.
Results
Samples manufactured using FDM performed within ISO specifications for mechanical testing, water sorption, and solubility tests. However, the FDM group failed to achieve the ISO requirements for the tooth bonding test. FDM samples presented a rough surface finish which could ultimately encourage an undesirable high level of microbial adhesion. For accuracy of fit, FDM samples showed a lower degree of accuracy than existing materials.
Conclusions
Although FDM samples were a cost-effective option and were able to be quickly manufactured in a reproducible manner, the results demonstrated that current recommended testing regimes for conventionally manufactured denture-based polymers are not directly applicable to additive-manufactured denture base polymers. Therefore, new standards should be developed to ensure the correct implementation of additive manufacturing techniques within denture-based fabrication workflow.
目的：研究使用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）长丝和熔融沉积建模（FDM）制造义齿基托的可行性，同时考虑传统制造技术和增材制造技术：比较了五组样品：热固化和冷固化丙烯酸树脂、CAD/CAM 铣削 PMMA、3D 打印 PMMA（通过 FDM）和 3D 打印甲基丙烯酸酯树脂（通过立体光刻，SLA）。所有样品组都接受了机械测试（抗弯强度、冲击强度和硬度）、吸水性和溶解性测试、牙齿粘合测试、微生物评估和配合精度测量。样品组的性能参照了 ISO 20795-1 和 ISO/TS 19736 标准。数据采用单因素方差分析：结果：使用 FDM 制造的样品在机械测试、吸水性和溶解性测试中均符合 ISO 规范。但是，FDM 组在牙齿粘合测试中未能达到 ISO 的要求。FDM 制成的样品表面粗糙，最终可能会助长微生物的大量附着。在贴合精度方面，FDM 样品的精度低于现有材料：尽管 FDM 样品是一种具有成本效益的选择，而且能够以可重复的方式快速制造，但结果表明，目前针对传统制造的义齿基底聚合物所推荐的测试制度并不能直接适用于添加剂制造的义齿基底聚合物。因此，应制定新的标准，以确保在义齿基托制造工作流程中正确使用添加剂制造技术。
{"title":"Assessing the suitability of fused deposition modeling to produce acrylic removable denture bases","authors":"Khalid K. Alanazi, Duncan Wood, Joanna Shepherd, Christopher W. Stokes, Ilida Ortega Asencio","doi":"10.1002/cre2.880","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.880","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To study the feasibility of using poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) filament and fused deposition modeling (FDM) to manufacture denture bases via the development of a study that considers both conventional and additive-based manufacturing techniques.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five sample groups were compared: heat and cold cured acrylic resins, CAD/CAM milled PMMA, 3D-printed PMMA (via FDM), and 3D-printed methacrylate resin (via stereolithography, SLA). All groups were subjected to mechanical testing (flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness), water sorption and solubility tests, a tooth bonding test, microbiological assessment, and accuracy of fit measurements. The performance of sample groups was referred to ISO 20795-1 and ISO/TS 19736. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Samples manufactured using FDM performed within ISO specifications for mechanical testing, water sorption, and solubility tests. However, the FDM group failed to achieve the ISO requirements for the tooth bonding test. FDM samples presented a rough surface finish which could ultimately encourage an undesirable high level of microbial adhesion. For accuracy of fit, FDM samples showed a lower degree of accuracy than existing materials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although FDM samples were a cost-effective option and were able to be quickly manufactured in a reproducible manner, the results demonstrated that current recommended testing regimes for conventionally manufactured denture-based polymers are not directly applicable to additive-manufactured denture base polymers. Therefore, new standards should be developed to ensure the correct implementation of additive manufacturing techniques within denture-based fabrication workflow.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Louise Johansson, Jakob Jonsson Sjögren, Anders Wirén, Alf Eliasson, Fredrik Frisk
Background
In conjunction with post placement in root-filled teeth with periapical healthy conditions, root canal retreatment may be performed to improve the seal of the root canal. Whether root canal retreatment for technical reasons (retreatments in teeth without apical periodontitis (AP)) results in lower frequency of AP is unknown.
Objective
To examine whether there is a difference in frequency of AP between roots with root canals retreated for technical reasons, and roots with root canals not retreated before post placement, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Also, to examine changes in root filling quality following root canal retreatment for technical reasons.
Methods
This retrospective study included radiographs of 441 root-filled roots without periapical radiolucencies at baseline, scheduled for post and core treatment. Follow-up data for a minimum of 5 years were available for 305 roots (loss to follow-up 30.8%), 46 of which were retreated for technical reasons. Two calibrated observers assessed root filling sealing quality and length, respectively, and periapical status according to the Periapical Index. The main outcome of the study, AP, was used as the dependent variable and all analyses were performed at root level.
Results
The overall frequency of AP at follow-up was 13.8%. The difference in frequency of AP between retreated (4.3%) and nonretreated (15.4%) root canals was not statistically significant, p = .061. Analyses including only roots with preoperatively inadequate root filling quality showed a statistically significant difference (p = .017) between the two treatment groups (2.4% vs. 22.9%).
Conclusions
Root canal retreatment for technical reasons before post and core placement significantly reduces the frequency of AP in roots with inadequate root filling quality.
背景：在根尖周健康的根充盈牙齿上放置根管柱的同时，可以进行根管再治疗以改善根管的密封性。由于技术原因进行根管再治疗（在没有根尖牙周炎（AP）的牙齿上进行根管再治疗）是否会降低 AP 的发生频率，目前尚不清楚：目的：在至少 5 年的随访中，研究因技术原因进行根管再治疗的牙根与在植入支架前未进行根管再治疗的牙根之间发生 AP 的频率是否存在差异。同时，研究因技术原因进行根管再治疗后根管充填质量的变化：这项回顾性研究包括对 441 个基线时无根尖周放射状突起、计划进行根管治疗和核心治疗的根充根进行放射摄影。对 305 根牙根进行了至少 5 年的随访（随访损失率为 30.8%），其中 46 根因技术原因进行了根管治疗。两名经过校准的观察员分别评估了牙根充填密封的质量和长度，并根据根尖周指数评估了根尖周状况。研究的主要结果 AP 为因变量，所有分析均在牙根水平上进行：随访中出现 AP 的总频率为 13.8%。经修复的根管（4.3%）和未经修复的根管（15.4%）之间的 AP 频率差异无统计学意义，P = 0.061。仅对术前根充质量不合格的根进行分析，结果显示两组根管治疗之间的差异有统计学意义（p = .017）（2.4% 对 22.9%）：结论：在桩核置入前因技术原因进行根管再治疗可显著降低根充质量不合格的牙根发生 AP 的频率。
{"title":"Frequency of apical periodontitis in root-filled teeth restored with post and core: A 5-year retrospective study","authors":"Louise Johansson, Jakob Jonsson Sjögren, Anders Wirén, Alf Eliasson, Fredrik Frisk","doi":"10.1002/cre2.881","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.881","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conjunction with post placement in root-filled teeth with periapical healthy conditions, root canal retreatment may be performed to improve the seal of the root canal. Whether root canal retreatment for technical reasons (retreatments in teeth without apical periodontitis (AP)) results in lower frequency of AP is unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine whether there is a difference in frequency of AP between roots with root canals retreated for technical reasons, and roots with root canals not retreated before post placement, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Also, to examine changes in root filling quality following root canal retreatment for technical reasons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study included radiographs of 441 root-filled roots without periapical radiolucencies at baseline, scheduled for post and core treatment. Follow-up data for a minimum of 5 years were available for 305 roots (loss to follow-up 30.8%), 46 of which were retreated for technical reasons. Two calibrated observers assessed root filling sealing quality and length, respectively, and periapical status according to the Periapical Index. The main outcome of the study, AP, was used as the dependent variable and all analyses were performed at root level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The overall frequency of AP at follow-up was 13.8%. The difference in frequency of AP between retreated (4.3%) and nonretreated (15.4%) root canals was not statistically significant, <i>p</i> = .061. Analyses including only roots with preoperatively inadequate root filling quality showed a statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> = .017) between the two treatment groups (2.4% <i>vs</i>. 22.9%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Root canal retreatment for technical reasons before post and core placement significantly reduces the frequency of AP in roots with inadequate root filling quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.881","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The bone regeneration therapy is often used in patients with inadequate bone support for implants, particularly following tooth extractions. Xenografts derived from animal tissues are effective bone reconstructive options that resist resorption and pose a low risk of transmitting disease. Therefore, these implants may be a good option for enhancing and stabilizing maxillary sinuses. The purpose of this study was to compare two xenografts, Bone+B® and InterOss®, for the reconstruction of rabbit calvaria defects.
Methods and Materials
The study involved seven male New Zealand white rabbits. In the surgical procedure, 21 spots were created on both sides of the midline calvarium by creating three 8-millimeter defects. A control group was used, as well as two treatment groups utilizing Bone+B® Grafts and InterOss® Grafts. After 3 months, the rabbits were euthanized, followed by pathological evaluation. Analysis of these samples focused on bone formation, xenograft remaining material, and inflammation levels, using Adobe Photoshop CS 8.0 and SPSS version 24.
Results
With the application of Bone+B® graft, bone formation ranged from 32% to 45%, with a mean of 37.80% (±5.63), and the remaining material ranged from 28% to 37%, with a mean of 32.60% (±3.65). Using InterOss® grafts, bone formation was 61% to 75%, the mean was 65.83% (±4.75), and the remaining material was 9% to 18%, with a mean of 13.17% (±3.06). The bone formation in the control group ranged from 10% to 25%, with a mean of 17.17% (±6.11). InterOss® had lower inflammation levels than other groups, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > .05).
Conclusion
InterOss® bone powder is the best option for maxillofacial surgery and bone reconstruction. This is due to more bone formation, less remaining material, and a lower inflammation level. Compared to the control group, Bone+B® improves healing and bone quality, thus making it an alternative to InterOss®.
{"title":"Comparing the effects of Bone+B® xenograft and InterOss® xenograft bone material on rabbit calvaria bone defect regeneration","authors":"Afshin Yadegari Naini, Sepehr Kobravi, Aida Jafari, Mohammadhassan Lotfalizadeh, Narges Lotfalizadeh, Sareh Farhadi","doi":"10.1002/cre2.875","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.875","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The bone regeneration therapy is often used in patients with inadequate bone support for implants, particularly following tooth extractions. Xenografts derived from animal tissues are effective bone reconstructive options that resist resorption and pose a low risk of transmitting disease. Therefore, these implants may be a good option for enhancing and stabilizing maxillary sinuses. The purpose of this study was to compare two xenografts, Bone<sup>+</sup>B® and InterOss®, for the reconstruction of rabbit calvaria defects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Materials</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study involved seven male New Zealand white rabbits. In the surgical procedure, 21 spots were created on both sides of the midline calvarium by creating three 8-millimeter defects. A control group was used, as well as two treatment groups utilizing Bone<sup>+</sup>B® Grafts and InterOss® Grafts. After 3 months, the rabbits were euthanized, followed by pathological evaluation. Analysis of these samples focused on bone formation, xenograft remaining material, and inflammation levels, using Adobe Photoshop CS 8.0 and SPSS version 24.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the application of Bone<sup>+</sup>B® graft, bone formation ranged from 32% to 45%, with a mean of 37.80% (±5.63), and the remaining material ranged from 28% to 37%, with a mean of 32.60% (±3.65). Using InterOss® grafts, bone formation was 61% to 75%, the mean was 65.83% (±4.75), and the remaining material was 9% to 18%, with a mean of 13.17% (±3.06). The bone formation in the control group ranged from 10% to 25%, with a mean of 17.17% (±6.11). InterOss® had lower inflammation levels than other groups, but the difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> > .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>InterOss® bone powder is the best option for maxillofacial surgery and bone reconstruction. This is due to more bone formation, less remaining material, and a lower inflammation level. Compared to the control group, Bone<sup>+</sup>B® improves healing and bone quality, thus making it an alternative to InterOss®.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.875","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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