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Geeks versus climate change: understanding American video gamers’ engagement with global warming 极客与气候变化:了解美国电子游戏玩家对全球变暖的关注
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03747-w
Jennifer P. Carman, Marina Psaros, Seth A. Rosenthal, Jennifer Marlon, Marija Verner, Sanguk Lee, Danning Lu, Matthew H. Goldberg, Matthew Ballew, A. Leiserowitz
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引用次数: 0
The Climate Establishment and the Paris partnerships 气候机构与巴黎伙伴关系
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03730-5
Jessica F. Green
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引用次数: 0
Communicating climate futures: a multi-country study of how the media portray the IPCC scenarios in the 2021/2 Working Group reports 传播气候未来:关于媒体如何描述 2021/2 年工作组报告中 IPCC 假设情景的多国研究
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03744-z
James Painter, Suzie Marshall, Katherine Leitzell
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引用次数: 0
Building capacities for transformative climate action: lessons from five fields of practice 培养变革性气候行动的能力:五个实践领域的经验教训
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03738-x
Snigdha Nautiyal

Capacity building approaches have a deep history of mobilizing agency and enabling change across development, governance, and environmental contexts. It has also been recognized as a central means of implementation for supporting climate action in the Paris Agreement. Despite this, capacity building remains ambiguous, fragmented, and prone to cooption by vested interests, all of which can limit its effectiveness for transformative climate action. Given that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) demonstrates the need for transformative climate action to reduce emissions and limit warming to 1.5°C, the experiences and practical insights from capacity building implementation can be leveraged to concretize the more theoretical literature on transformation. The purpose of this study is thus to synthesize the best practices and lessons learned from scholarship on capacity building implementation for enabling transformations in the context of climate change. This scholarship is synthesized from five fields that are known for their practitioner involvement and implementation focus, and where capacity building has been in wide use for several decades: international development, public health, community development, sustainability, and climate change. Four implications emerge as essential from the synthesis: the importance of enabling agency while navigating power dynamics between capacity building stakeholders; making space for local cultures and knowledge across every stage of capacity building; incorporating mechanisms for learning, collaboration and systems thinking; and going beyond technical, managerial, and technological framings to also build capacities for envisioning, creating, mobilizing, learning and inculcating desirable attitudes, behaviors and values.

能力建设方法在动员机构和促进发展、治理和环境背景下的变革方面有着深厚的历史。在《巴黎协定》中,能力建设也被视为支持气候行动的核心实施手段。尽管如此,能力建设仍然含糊不清、支离破碎,而且容易受到既得利益的牵制,所有这些都会限制其对变革性气候行动的有效性。鉴于政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)表明需要采取变革性气候行动来减少排放并将升温控制在 1.5°C 以内,因此可以利用能力建设实施过程中的经验和实践启示,将有关变革的理论文献具体化。因此,本研究的目的是综合气候变化背景下实施能力建设促进转型方面的最佳实践和经验教训。本研究综合了五个领域的学术成果,这五个领域以实践者参与和注重实施而著称,能力建设在这五个领域已广泛应用了几十年:国际发展、公共卫生、社区发展、可持续发展和气候变化。综述中提出了四点重要启示:在驾驭能力建设利益相关者之间权力动态的同时,必须扶持机构;在能力建设的各个阶段为当地文化和知识留出空间;纳入学习、协作和系统思考机制;超越技术、管理和技术框架,同时建设设想、创造、动员、学习和灌输理想态度、行为和价值观的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing public and scientific extreme event attribution to climate change 比较公众和科学界对极端事件归因于气候变化的看法
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03735-0
Chad Zanocco, Philip Mote, June Flora, Hilary Boudet

Extreme event attribution is an active area of scientific research, but public attribution of extreme events to climate change is not well understood – despite its importance to climate change communication and policy. We surveyed a representative sample of the U.S. population (n = 1071) to measure the public’s confidence in attributing five event types to climate change – wildfire, heat, rainfall/flooding, tornadoes, and hurricanes. Our respondents had the highest confidence in attributing wildfires and extreme heat to climate change, and the lowest confidence for hurricanes and tornadoes. Respondent characteristics, such as education level, age, race/ethnicity, political affiliation, and self-reported extreme event impacts, were linked to attribution confidence. Overall, those reporting negative impacts from extreme events had higher levels of attribution confidence. While Republicans on average had lower levels of attribution confidence, we found that self-reported negative event impacts had a moderating effect on attribution confidence among Republicans. Republicans who were more negatively impacted by extreme events had higher levels of attribution confidence compared to Republicans who were less impacted. We also compared the public’s attribution confidence to scientific assessments, developing a measure of attribution alignment. We found that respondents aligned with scientific event attribution for an average of 2 out of 5 extreme event types. While respondent characteristics were less consistently related to attribution alignment overall, Democrats on average had lower alignment. Our study suggests that the public is connecting climate change to extreme weather and making distinctions in attribution levels, but politics and experiences with extreme weather matter. We recommend that scientists and climate change communicators reflect this discernment in discourses about extreme events, climate change, and policy.

极端事件的归因是一个活跃的科学研究领域,但公众对极端事件归因于气候变化的理解却不甚了解,尽管这对气候变化的传播和政策非常重要。我们对具有代表性的美国人口样本(n = 1071)进行了调查,以衡量公众将野火、高温、降雨/洪水、龙卷风和飓风这五种事件归因于气候变化的信心。我们的受访者对将野火和极端高温归因于气候变化的信心最高,而对飓风和龙卷风的信心最低。受访者的特征,如教育水平、年龄、种族/民族、政治派别和自我报告的极端事件影响,都与归因信心有关。总体而言,报告极端事件负面影响的受访者的归因信心水平较高。虽然共和党人的平均归因信心水平较低,但我们发现自我报告的负面事件影响对共和党人的归因信心有调节作用。与受极端事件影响较小的共和党人相比,受极端事件负面影响较大的共和党人的归因信心水平较高。我们还将公众的归因信心与科学评估进行了比较,制定了归因一致性的衡量标准。我们发现,在 5 个极端事件类型中,受访者平均有 2 个与科学事件归因一致。虽然受访者的特征与归因一致性的关系总体上不太一致,但民主党人的平均归因一致性较低。我们的研究表明,公众正在将气候变化与极端天气联系起来,并对归因水平进行区分,但政治因素和极端天气的经历也很重要。我们建议科学家和气候变化传播者在有关极端事件、气候变化和政策的讨论中反映出这种辨别力。
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引用次数: 0
Agronomic monsoon onset definitions to support planting decisions for rainfed rice in Bangladesh 支持孟加拉国雨养水稻种植决策的农艺季风起始定义
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03736-z
Eunjin Han, Carlo Montes, Sk. Ghulam Hussain, Timothy J. Krupnik

The usability gaps between climate information producers and users have always been an issue in climate services. This study aims to tackle the gap for rice farmers in Bangladesh by exploring the potential value of tailored agronomic monsoon onset definitions. Summer aman rice is primarily cultivated under rainfed conditions, and farmers rely largely on monsoon rainfall and its onset for crop establishment. However, farmers’ perception of the arrival of sufficient rains does not necessarily coincide with meteorological definitions of monsoon onset. Therefore, localized agronomic definitions of monsoon onset need to be developed and evaluated to advance in the targeted actionable climate forecast. We analyzed historical daily rainfall from four locations across a north-south gradient in Bangladesh and defined dynamic definitions of monsoon onset based on a set of local parameters. The agronomic onset definition was evaluated in terms of attainable yields simulated by a rice simulation model compared to results obtained using conventional meteorological onset parameters defined by the amount of rainfall received and static onset dates. Our results show that average simulated yields increase up to 7 – 9% and probabilities of getting lower yields are reduced when the year-to-year varying dynamic onset is used over the two drier locations under fully rainfed conditions. It is mainly due to earlier transplanting dates, avoiding the impact of drought experienced with early monsoon demise. However, no yield increases are observed over the two wetter locations. This study shows the potential benefits of generating “localized and translated” climate predictions.

气候信息生产者与用户之间的可用性差距一直是气候服务中的一个问题。本研究旨在通过探索量身定制的农艺季风来临定义的潜在价值,为孟加拉国的稻农解决这一差距。夏芒稻主要在雨水灌溉条件下种植,农民主要依靠季风降雨和季风的来临来种植作物。然而,农民对充足降雨到来的感知并不一定与季风来临的气象学定义相吻合。因此,需要开发和评估本地化的季风来临农艺学定义,以推进有针对性的可操作气候预测。我们分析了孟加拉国南北梯度四个地点的历史日降雨量,并根据一系列当地参数定义了季风开始的动态定义。通过水稻模拟模型模拟的可实现产量,与使用由降雨量和静态起始日期定义的传统气象起始参数得出的结果进行比较,对农艺起始定义进行了评估。我们的结果表明,在完全靠雨水灌溉的条件下,如果在两个较干旱的地方采用逐年变化的动态起身期,平均模拟产量最多可增加 7 - 9%,产量降低的概率也会降低。这主要是由于移栽日期提前,避免了季风提前消退带来的干旱影响。不过,在两个较潮湿的地方没有观察到增产。这项研究显示了生成 "本地化和翻译 "气候预测的潜在好处。
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引用次数: 0
News coverage of climate change and generation Z 有关气候变化和 Z 世代的新闻报道
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03731-4
Alison N. Novak

This study examines 2021 and 2022 news coverage of Generation Z and climate change to understand how this discursive relationship is constructed. This is important to understanding how Generation Z’s climate change activism is perceived by other groups such as other generations, activist groups, and journalists. This study answers the central question: In what ways do news articles construct and represent the relationship between Generation Z, climate change, activism, and intergenerational relationships? The study identifies five common discourses from the most popular news articles on the subject that reflect nuances in reporting and discursive construction of the group and issue: (1) climate change as inherited and chosen by Generation Z, (2) passive and active motivations for activism, (3) activism negatively impacting relationships with older groups, (4) future responsibilities, and (5) overuse of figureheads. The nuances of these news discourses impact opinions of Generation Z and the impact the group have on climate change activism with the potential to impact activist group outreach strategies, policy development, and relationships with the news media.

本研究考察了2021年和2022年有关Z世代和气候变化的新闻报道,以了解这种话语关系是如何构建的。这对于了解其他群体(如其他世代、活动团体和记者)如何看待 Z 世代的气候变化行动主义非常重要。本研究回答了核心问题:新闻报道是如何构建和表现 Z 世代、气候变化、行动主义和代际关系之间的关系的?本研究从最受欢迎的相关新闻报道中发现了五种常见的论述,它们反映了在报道和论述中对该群体和问题的细微差别:(1)气候变化是Z世代继承和选择的,(2)激进主义的被动和主动动机,(3)激进主义对与年长群体的关系产生负面影响,(4)未来的责任,以及(5)对人物的过度使用。这些新闻论述的细微差别影响了人们对 Z 世代的看法,以及该群体对气候变化激进主义的影响,并有可能影响激进主义团体的外联战略、政策制定以及与新闻媒体的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Publicly expressed climate scepticism is greatest in regions with high CO2 emissions 二氧化碳排放量高的地区公众对气候持怀疑态度的人最多
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03740-3
Samuel Pearson, Matthew J. Hornsey, Saphira Rekker, Belinda Wade, Chris Greig

We analysed a recently released corpus of climate-related tweets to examine the macro-level factors associated with public declarations of climate change scepticism. Analyses of over 2 million geo-located tweets in the U.S. showed that climate scepticism – and the aggressiveness of climate-related tweets – was greater in states with higher per capita carbon emissions. This pattern remained significant after controlling for political conservatism, GDP per capita, education, and gender, and was replicated across 126 nations from around the world. The findings are consistent with a vested interest hypothesis—misinformation around climate change is most likely to be distributed in regions where there is high fossil fuel reliance, and where the economic stakes of acknowledging climate change are high. Understanding the macro-level patterns that are implicated in climate scepticism can help inform structural interventions for those seeking a low-carbon future.

我们分析了最近发布的气候相关推文语料库,研究了与公众气候变化怀疑论声明相关的宏观因素。对美国 200 多万条地理位置推文的分析表明,在人均碳排放量较高的州,气候怀疑论和气候相关推文的攻击性更强。在控制了政治保守主义、人均国内生产总值、教育程度和性别因素后,这一模式依然显著,并在全球126个国家中得到了复制。研究结果与既得利益假说相一致--围绕气候变化的错误信息最有可能在高度依赖化石燃料的地区以及承认气候变化的经济利益较高的地区传播。了解与气候怀疑论有关的宏观模式有助于为那些寻求低碳未来的人提供结构性干预信息。
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引用次数: 0
A ‘greenhouse affect’? Exploring young Australians’ emotional responses to climate change 温室效应"?探索澳大利亚年轻人对气候变化的情绪反应
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03737-y
Tanja Russell

Recent studies reveal that young people are experiencing a range of emotions relating to climate change, including anxiety, anger and a sense of powerlessness. Young people have also voiced distrust in governments for failing to adequately address climate change, which they see as a critical threat to their future. However, there is limited research considering the interplay between young people’s emotions about climate change and the broader social context in which they live; social-ecological theory can assist in identifying important systemic factors influencing emotional responses to climate change. In this qualitative research project, I drew upon a social-ecological theoretical framework to explore the affective dimensions of climate change as experienced by young Australians aged 18–24 (N = 14). A primary, overarching finding was of climate change as a multidimensional emotional challenge for young people, with four sub-themes that describe key experiences through which it manifests: a fragmented climate education; disillusionment with politics, but hope for change; reckoning with uncertain futures; and grappling with agency. The findings contribute to the growing literature on climate-related emotions, highlighting experiences of interrelated emotions that resist being reduced to one label (e.g., ‘eco-anxiety’). Accordingly, I discuss a ‘greenhouse affect’ to convey the affective quandary provoked by climate change, expanding upon established anxiety-centred concepts. I also discuss implications for educating young Australians about climate change, and how this might improve their sense of agency to meaningfully contribute to climate solutions.

最近的研究表明,年轻人正经历着一系列与气候变化有关的情绪,包括焦虑、愤怒和无力感。年轻人还对政府未能充分应对气候变化表示不信任,认为气候变化对他们的未来构成严重威胁。然而,考虑到年轻人对气候变化的情绪与他们所生活的更广泛的社会环境之间的相互作用的研究却很有限;社会生态理论可以帮助确定影响对气候变化的情绪反应的重要系统因素。在这一定性研究项目中,我借鉴了社会生态理论框架,探讨了 18-24 岁澳大利亚年轻人(14 人)对气候变化的情感体验。一个主要的、总体性的发现是,气候变化对年轻人来说是一个多层面的情感挑战,其中有四个次主题描述了其表现出来的主要经历:支离破碎的气候教育;对政治的幻灭,但对变革的希望;对不确定未来的估计;以及对代理权的努力。这些研究结果为日益增多的气候相关情绪的文献做出了贡献,突出了相互关联的情绪体验,这些情绪无法简化为一个标签(如 "生态焦虑")。因此,我讨论了 "温室效应",以表达气候变化引发的情感窘境,并扩展了以焦虑为中心的既定概念。我还讨论了对澳大利亚年轻人进行气候变化教育的意义,以及如何提高他们的能动性,为气候解决方案做出有意义的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Carbon Dioxide as a Risky Asset 作为风险资产的二氧化碳
IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03724-3
Adam Michael Bauer, Cristian Proistosescu, Gernot Wagner

We develop a financial-economic model for carbon pricing with an explicit representation of decision making under risk and uncertainty that is consistent with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s sixth assessment report. We show that risk associated with high damages in the long term leads to stringent mitigation of carbon dioxide emissions in the near term, and find that this approach provides economic support for stringent warming targets across a variety of specifications. Our results provide insight into how a systematic incorporation of climate-related risk influences optimal emissions abatement pathways.

我们建立了一个碳定价的金融经济模型,该模型明确表示了风险和不确定性下的决策,与政府间气候变化专门委员会的第六次评估报告相一致。我们的研究表明,与长期高损害相关的风险会导致短期内二氧化碳排放的严格减缓,并发现这种方法为各种规格的严格变暖目标提供了经济支持。我们的研究结果让我们深入了解了与气候相关的风险是如何系统地影响最佳减排途径的。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Climatic Change
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