Pub Date : 2024-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152538
Rita Horváth , Ágnes Buvár , Róbert Urbán , Zsolt Demetrovics , Ágnes Zsila
Background
The popularity of video games has considerably increased in recent years, with approximately 3.24 billion players worldwide in 2021. Empirical evidence suggests that the quality of engagement in video games can determine whether a gaming activity is associated with psychological distress (i.e., problematic gaming) or self-enhancing outcomes (i.e., esports career pursuits). This study investigates the role of influential gaming role models and other external factors relating to fame appeal in gamers' different ways of engagement.
Methods
A total of 803 adolescent and adult gamers (89.29 % male, Mage = 24.90 years, SD = 6.13) were recruited through an online questionnaire.
Results
A path analysis was constructed demonstrating that wishful identification partially mediated the relationship between desire for fame and esports career planning. Moreover, maladaptive daydreaming fully mediated the association between desire for fame and gaming disorder symptoms. Wishful identification with gaming role models predicted both esports career planning and gaming disorder symptoms.
Conclusions
The findings shed light on the importance of considering the role of gaming role models in predicting healthy and problematic gaming patterns.
{"title":"Role models in gaming: Wishful identification and maladaptive daydreaming mediate the association between desire for fame and game engagement","authors":"Rita Horváth , Ágnes Buvár , Róbert Urbán , Zsolt Demetrovics , Ágnes Zsila","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The popularity of video games has considerably increased in recent years, with approximately 3.24 billion players worldwide in 2021. Empirical evidence suggests that the quality of engagement in video games can determine whether a gaming activity is associated with psychological distress (i.e., problematic gaming) or self-enhancing outcomes (i.e., esports career pursuits). This study investigates the role of influential gaming role models and other external factors relating to fame appeal in gamers' different ways of engagement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 803 adolescent and adult gamers (89.29 % male, <em>M</em>age = 24.90 years, <em>SD</em> = 6.13) were recruited through an online questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A path analysis was constructed demonstrating that wishful identification partially mediated the relationship between desire for fame and esports career planning. Moreover, maladaptive daydreaming fully mediated the association between desire for fame and gaming disorder symptoms. Wishful identification with gaming role models predicted both esports career planning and gaming disorder symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings shed light on the importance of considering the role of gaming role models in predicting healthy and problematic gaming patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152536
Qusai Khraisha , Nadeen Abujaber , Sadhbh Carpenter , Robert J. Crossen , Johanna Kappenberg , Ronan Kelly , Cameron Murphy , Orla Norton , Sophie Marleen Put , Kate Schnoebelen , Azza Warraitch , Stella Roney , Kristin Hadfield
Background
Refugees' parenting behaviour is profoundly influenced by their mental health, which is, in turn, influenced by their situation of displacement. Our research presents the first systematic review on parenting and mental health in protracted refugee situations, where 78% of all refugees reside.
Methods
We pre-registered our protocol and screened documents in 22 languages from 10 electronic databases, reports by 16 international humanitarian organisations and region-specific content from the top 100 websites for each of the 72 countries that ‘host’ protracted refugees. Our criteria were empirical papers reporting parenting and parental mental health data on refugees who are in a protracted refugee situation. Studies including only internally displaced or stateless persons were excluded.
Results
A total of 18,125 documents were screened and 30 studies were included. We identified a universal pathway linking macro-level stressors in protracted refugee situations, such as movement restrictions and documentation issues, to symptoms of depression and anxiety, which, in turn, led to negative parenting practices. Addtionally, culture-specific pathways were observed in the way parental mental health and parenting were expressed. Situational (e.g., overcrowding) and relational factors (e.g., spousal dynamics) modulated both of these pathways. Biases in the research included the over-representation of specific protracted refugee situations, overreliance on self-reported data, and a heavy focus on mothers while neglecting fathers and other caregivers. Longitudinal research is needed to clarify the directionality and causality between specific macro-level stressors in a given protracted refugee situation and parental mental health and practices. Refugees were rarely consulted or involved in the design of research about their parenting and parental mental health.
Conclusion
In recognising the existing links between protracted refugee situations, parental mental health, and parenting, our systematic review calls for a shift in thinking: from focusing solely on the micro aspects that affect ‘refugee parenting’ to understanding and tackling the broader macro-level stressors that drive them. We urge for larger and long-term research efforts that consider diverse protracted refugee situations, greater investment in science communication and diplomacy with governments, and stronger implementation of durable solutions by states to alleviate the roots of refugee parents' distress and negative parenting practices.
{"title":"Parenting and mental health in protracted refugee situations: a systematic review","authors":"Qusai Khraisha , Nadeen Abujaber , Sadhbh Carpenter , Robert J. Crossen , Johanna Kappenberg , Ronan Kelly , Cameron Murphy , Orla Norton , Sophie Marleen Put , Kate Schnoebelen , Azza Warraitch , Stella Roney , Kristin Hadfield","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Refugees' parenting behaviour is profoundly influenced by their mental health, which is, in turn, influenced by their situation of displacement. Our research presents the first systematic review on parenting and mental health in protracted refugee situations, where 78% of all refugees reside.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We pre-registered our protocol and screened documents in 22 languages from 10 electronic databases, reports by 16 international humanitarian organisations and region-specific content from the top 100 websites for each of the 72 countries that ‘host’ protracted refugees. Our criteria were empirical papers reporting parenting and parental mental health data on refugees who are in a protracted refugee situation. Studies including only internally displaced or stateless persons were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 18,125 documents were screened and 30 studies were included. We identified a universal pathway linking macro-level stressors in protracted refugee situations, such as movement restrictions and documentation issues, to symptoms of depression and anxiety, which, in turn, led to negative parenting practices. Addtionally, culture-specific pathways were observed in the way parental mental health and parenting were expressed. Situational (e.g., overcrowding) and relational factors (e.g., spousal dynamics) modulated both of these pathways. Biases in the research included the over-representation of specific protracted refugee situations, overreliance on self-reported data, and a heavy focus on mothers while neglecting fathers and other caregivers. Longitudinal research is needed to clarify the directionality and causality between specific macro-level stressors in a given protracted refugee situation and parental mental health and practices. Refugees were rarely consulted or involved in the design of research about their parenting and parental mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In recognising the existing links between protracted refugee situations, parental mental health, and parenting, our systematic review calls for a shift in thinking: from focusing solely on the micro aspects that affect ‘refugee parenting’ to understanding and tackling the broader macro-level stressors that drive them. We urge for larger and long-term research efforts that consider diverse protracted refugee situations, greater investment in science communication and diplomacy with governments, and stronger implementation of durable solutions by states to alleviate the roots of refugee parents' distress and negative parenting practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152535
Shuang Gao , Xinyan Ma , HoiKi Tsui , Jie Wang , Xueqin Zhang
Compulsive shopping, a behavioral disorder with significant personal and social repercussions, necessitates reliable assessment tools, especially within different cultural contexts. While several scales exist to measure compulsive buying behavior, there is a lack of validated instruments tailored to the Chinese population. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Compulsive Shopping Scale (CSS) using Item Response Theory (IRT). A total of 637 young healthy participants (42.5 % males and 57.5 % females), with a mean age of 21.32 years (SD = 2.06), both undergraduate and postgraduate students, were recruited from various cities in China. Sixty-four participants were retested after a two-week interval to assess test-retest reliability. The results indicated that a one-dimensional factor structure was appropriate. The reliability analyses, including test-retest reliability, ω, α, and λ6 tests, demonstrated good internal consistency. The rating scale model analysis showed infit and outfit MNSQ values between 0.6 and 1.4, indicating a good fit. The item information curve and test information curve indicated a normal distribution of scores. Differential item functioning was observed in two items, suggesting potential gender-related differences. These findings indicate that the Chinese version of the CSS is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring compulsive shopping behaviors in Chinese populations.
{"title":"Item response theory analysis of the Chinese version compulsive shopping scale","authors":"Shuang Gao , Xinyan Ma , HoiKi Tsui , Jie Wang , Xueqin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compulsive shopping, a behavioral disorder with significant personal and social repercussions, necessitates reliable assessment tools, especially within different cultural contexts. While several scales exist to measure compulsive buying behavior, there is a lack of validated instruments tailored to the Chinese population. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Compulsive Shopping Scale (CSS) using Item Response Theory (IRT). A total of 637 young healthy participants (42.5 % males and 57.5 % females), with a mean age of 21.32 years (<em>SD</em> = 2.06), both undergraduate and postgraduate students, were recruited from various cities in China. Sixty-four participants were retested after a two-week interval to assess test-retest reliability. The results indicated that a one-dimensional factor structure was appropriate. The reliability analyses, including test-retest reliability, ω, α, and λ<sub>6</sub> tests, demonstrated good internal consistency. The rating scale model analysis showed infit and outfit MNSQ values between 0.6 and 1.4, indicating a good fit. The item information curve and test information curve indicated a normal distribution of scores. Differential item functioning was observed in two items, suggesting potential gender-related differences. These findings indicate that the Chinese version of the CSS is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring compulsive shopping behaviors in Chinese populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152532
Antonie Louise Bierling , Stephan Doering , Kerstin Weidner , Magdalena Pape , Henrik Kessler , Tobias Hofmann , Matthias Rose , Katrin Imbierowicz , Franziska Geiser , Jörg Rademacher , Silke Michalek , Eva Morawa , Yesim Erim , Johanna Sophie Schneider , Martin Teufel , Armin Hartmann , Claas Lahmann , Eva Milena Johanne Peters , Johannes Kruse , Dirk von Boetticher , Ilona Croy
Introduction
While ample data demonstrate the effectiveness of inpatient psychosomatic treatment, clinical observation and empirical evidence demonstrate that not all patients benefit equally from established therapeutic methods. Especially patients with a comorbid personality disorder often show reduced therapeutic success compared to other patient groups. Due to the heterogeneous and categorical personality assessment, previous studies indicated no uniform direction of this influence. This complicates the derivation of therapeutic recommendations for mental disorders with comorbid personality pathology.
Methods
Analyzing n = 2094 patients from German university hospitals enrolled in the prospective “MEPP” study, we tested the dynamic interaction between dimensionally assessed personality functioning and psychopathology of anxiety and depression.
Results
Longitudinal structural equation modelling replicated the finding that the severity of symptoms at admission predicts symptom improvement within the same symptom domain. In addition, we here report a significant coupling parameter between the baseline level of personality function and the change in general psychopathology - and vice versa.
Discussion and conclusion
These results imply that personality pathology at admission hinders the therapeutic improvement in anxiety and depression, and that improvement of personality pathology is hindered by general psychopathology. Furthermore, the covariance between both domains supports the assumption that personality functioning and general psychopathology cannot be clearly distinguished and adversely influence each other. A dimensional assessment of the personality pathology is therefore recommendable for psychotherapy research and targeted therapeutic treatment.
{"title":"The interplay of personality pathology and treatment outcome in psychosomatic psychotherapy: A longitudinal analysis using latent change score modelling","authors":"Antonie Louise Bierling , Stephan Doering , Kerstin Weidner , Magdalena Pape , Henrik Kessler , Tobias Hofmann , Matthias Rose , Katrin Imbierowicz , Franziska Geiser , Jörg Rademacher , Silke Michalek , Eva Morawa , Yesim Erim , Johanna Sophie Schneider , Martin Teufel , Armin Hartmann , Claas Lahmann , Eva Milena Johanne Peters , Johannes Kruse , Dirk von Boetticher , Ilona Croy","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>While ample data demonstrate the effectiveness of inpatient psychosomatic treatment, clinical observation and empirical evidence demonstrate that not all patients benefit equally from established therapeutic methods. Especially patients with a comorbid personality disorder often show reduced therapeutic success compared to other patient groups. Due to the heterogeneous and categorical personality assessment, previous studies indicated no uniform direction of this influence. This complicates the derivation of therapeutic recommendations for mental disorders with comorbid personality pathology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Analyzing <em>n</em> = 2094 patients from German university hospitals enrolled in the prospective “MEPP” study, we tested the dynamic interaction between dimensionally assessed personality functioning and psychopathology of anxiety and depression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Longitudinal structural equation modelling replicated the finding that the severity of symptoms at admission predicts symptom improvement within the same symptom domain. In addition, we here report a significant coupling parameter between the baseline level of personality function and the change in general psychopathology - and vice versa.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><div>These results imply that personality pathology at admission hinders the therapeutic improvement in anxiety and depression, and that improvement of personality pathology is hindered by general psychopathology. Furthermore, the covariance between both domains supports the assumption that personality functioning and general psychopathology cannot be clearly distinguished and adversely influence each other. A dimensional assessment of the personality pathology is therefore recommendable for psychotherapy research and targeted therapeutic treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-21DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152533
Natália Kocsel , Borbála Paksi , Andrea Eisinger , Katalin Felvinczi , Andrea Czakó , Zsolt Demetrovics , Gyöngyi Kökönyei
Aims
Trait impulsivity and trait rumination appear to uniquely contribute to problem gambling. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated their relationship with each other, and no study has tested whether their interplay could explain problem gambling. In this study, we aimed to examine these associations, especially focusing on the putative moderator role of gender.
Methods
The present study utilized data from the first wave of the Budapest Longitudinal Study, representatively surveying young adults. The final, weighted sample consisted of N = 1202 (649 men; mean age = 28.04 years; SD = 4.31) participants who reported gambling in the past year. Gambling severity was assessed by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), trait impulsivity was measured by Barratt Impulsiveness Scale short form (BIS-R-10), while rumination was assessed by the short version of Ruminative Response Scale (RRS).
Results
Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant positive association between impulsivity and problematic gambling, and we found that both trait rumination and gender moderated this association, even after controlling for depressed mood, age, level of education, and subjective relative wealth. For men, when the level of trait rumination was high, higher levels of trait impulsivity were associated with an increase in gambling problems. However, these associations were not found among women.
Conclusions
Our results suggested that the interplay of trait rumination and trait impulsivity might contribute to problem gambling, potentially by the impulsive desire to alleviate negative mood states. Our results also revealed that these associations could be stronger among men than in women.
{"title":"Gender and trait rumination moderates the link between trait impulsivity and gambling problems severity in young adults","authors":"Natália Kocsel , Borbála Paksi , Andrea Eisinger , Katalin Felvinczi , Andrea Czakó , Zsolt Demetrovics , Gyöngyi Kökönyei","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Trait impulsivity and trait rumination appear to uniquely contribute to problem gambling. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated their relationship with each other, and no study has tested whether their interplay could explain problem gambling. In this study, we aimed to examine these associations, especially focusing on the putative moderator role of gender.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present study utilized data from the first wave of the Budapest Longitudinal Study, representatively surveying young adults. The final, weighted sample consisted of <em>N</em> = 1202 (649 men; mean age = 28.04 years; SD = 4.31) participants who reported gambling in the past year. Gambling severity was assessed by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), trait impulsivity was measured by Barratt Impulsiveness Scale short form (BIS-R-10), while rumination was assessed by the short version of Ruminative Response Scale (RRS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant positive association between impulsivity and problematic gambling, and we found that both trait rumination and gender moderated this association, even after controlling for depressed mood, age, level of education, and subjective relative wealth. For men, when the level of trait rumination was high, higher levels of trait impulsivity were associated with an increase in gambling problems. However, these associations were not found among women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results suggested that the interplay of trait rumination and trait impulsivity might contribute to problem gambling, potentially by the impulsive desire to alleviate negative mood states. Our results also revealed that these associations could be stronger among men than in women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152533"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-21DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152534
Steffen Moritz , Luca Noemi Hoyer , Noam Sarna , Amitai Abramovitch , Cristian Curran , Alessandro S. De Nadai , Stella Schmotz
Background
Many conditions we now call body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) have been subject to research for several decades, most notably trichotillomania and skin picking. However, the American Psychiatric Association did not combine these conditions into a single category, body-focused repetitive behavior disorders (BFRBDs), until the fifth edition of the DSM (2013). Several aspects of the disorder remain uncertain and controversial. For example, ongoing debate surrounds which specific conditions fall under this diagnostic category and how to best differentiate BFRBs from conditions such as nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The current article presents results from a survey of experts' opinions on diagnostic criteria, with the goal of refining the diagnostic criteria.
Method
We contacted experts on BFRB via various sources and invited them to complete an online survey on the phenomenology, classification, and differential diagnosis of BFRB. We also inquired about possible alternative syndrome labels (e.g., body-focused habit).
Results
Data from the final sample of 50 experts demonstrates that most experts agree with the present classification of BFRB/BFRBD as an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder and recommend retaining the labels BFRB or BFRBD. The experts considered the following conditions BFRB, with an agreement of over 60%: trichotillomania, skin picking, dermatophagia, nail biting, and lip-cheek biting. Mixed results emerged for awake bruxism and thumb sucking in adults. Only a minority regarded night bruxism and knuckle cracking as BFRB. To differentiate BFRB from NSSI, the experts noted that the motive behind the urge (self-harm/injury versus release of tension) should be considered. Analyses of a sub-sample of experts with at least six years of clinical and/or research experience yielded results compatible with those of the entire sample.
Discussion
The survey supports the usefulness of the BFRBD diagnostic entity. However, some criteria require further refinement. Future editions of the DSM should more explicitly delineate which conditions qualify as BFRB. Furthermore, it is important to give more attention to the primary motivation behind BFRB to distinguish it from NSSI and potentially from stereotypic movement behavior.
{"title":"Quo vadis DSM-6? An expert survey on the classification, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of body-focused repetitive behaviors","authors":"Steffen Moritz , Luca Noemi Hoyer , Noam Sarna , Amitai Abramovitch , Cristian Curran , Alessandro S. De Nadai , Stella Schmotz","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Many conditions we now call body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) have been subject to research for several decades, most notably trichotillomania and skin picking. However, the American Psychiatric Association did not combine these conditions into a single category, body-focused repetitive behavior disorders (BFRBDs), until the fifth edition of the DSM (2013). Several aspects of the disorder remain uncertain and controversial. For example, ongoing debate surrounds which specific conditions fall under this diagnostic category and how to best differentiate BFRBs from conditions such as nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The current article presents results from a survey of experts' opinions on diagnostic criteria, with the goal of refining the diagnostic criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We contacted experts on BFRB via various sources and invited them to complete an online survey on the phenomenology, classification, and differential diagnosis of BFRB. We also inquired about possible alternative syndrome labels (e.g., body-focused habit).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from the final sample of 50 experts demonstrates that most experts agree with the present classification of BFRB/BFRBD as an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder and recommend retaining the labels BFRB or BFRBD. The experts considered the following conditions BFRB, with an agreement of over 60%: trichotillomania, skin picking, dermatophagia, nail biting, and lip-cheek biting. Mixed results emerged for awake bruxism and thumb sucking in adults. Only a minority regarded night bruxism and knuckle cracking as BFRB. To differentiate BFRB from NSSI, the experts noted that the motive behind the urge (self-harm/injury versus release of tension) should be considered. Analyses of a sub-sample of experts with at least six years of clinical and/or research experience yielded results compatible with those of the entire sample.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The survey supports the usefulness of the BFRBD diagnostic entity. However, some criteria require further refinement. Future editions of the DSM should more explicitly delineate which conditions qualify as BFRB. Furthermore, it is important to give more attention to the primary motivation behind BFRB to distinguish it from NSSI and potentially from stereotypic movement behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 152534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152531
Vincent Hennion , Jan Scott , Victoire Martinot , Chloé Benizri , Cynthia Marie-Claire , Frank Bellivier , Bruno Etain
Background
Bipolar Disorder (BD) is associated with alterations of circadian rhythms of activity (CRA). Experimental research suggests that lithium (Li) modifies CRA, but this has been rarely explored in BD using actigraphy.
Methods
The sample comprised 88 euthymic BD-I cases with 3 weeks of actigraphy. We used a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to generate CRA dimensions. We then used linear regression analyses to compare these dimensions between groups of individuals defined according to prescribed mood stabilizers: Li monotherapy (“Li” group, n = 28), anticonvulsant or atypical antipsychotic monotherapy (“AC or AAP” group, n = 27) or combined treatments (“Li+AC or Li+AAP” group, n = 33). Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders (gender, age, body mass index, depressive symptoms, co-prescribed benzodiazepines and antidepressants, smoking status and past alcohol use disorder).
Results
The PCA identified two dimensions: “robust CRA” (high amplitude and interdaily stability, with low intradaily variability) and “late chronotype”. Univariate analyses showed higher scores for “robust CRA” in the “Li” versus the “AC or AAP” (p = 0.021) or “Li+AC or Li+AAP” groups (p = 0.047). These findings remained significant after adjustments (respectively p = 0.010 and p = 0.019). Post-hoc analyses suggested lower variability, higher stability and higher amplitude of CRA in the “Li” group. Medication groups were similar for the “late chronotype” dimension (p = 0.92).
Conclusions
This actigraphy study is the first to show more favorable CRA in BD-I individuals receiving a Li monotherapy when compared with those receiving other classes or combinations of mood stabilizers. Replications in larger samples are required. Prospective studies are also warranted to elucidate whether the introduction of Li or other mood stabilizers might influence CRA in BD-I.
{"title":"Are circadian rhythms more favorable with lithium than with other mood stabilizers? An exploratory actigraphy study in euthymic bipolar disorder type 1","authors":"Vincent Hennion , Jan Scott , Victoire Martinot , Chloé Benizri , Cynthia Marie-Claire , Frank Bellivier , Bruno Etain","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bipolar Disorder (BD) is associated with alterations of circadian rhythms of activity (CRA). Experimental research suggests that lithium (Li) modifies CRA, but this has been rarely explored in BD using actigraphy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The sample comprised 88 euthymic BD-I cases with 3 weeks of actigraphy. We used a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to generate CRA dimensions. We then used linear regression analyses to compare these dimensions between groups of individuals defined according to prescribed mood stabilizers: Li monotherapy (“Li” group, <em>n</em> = 28), anticonvulsant or atypical antipsychotic monotherapy (“AC or AAP” group, <em>n</em> = 27) or combined treatments (“Li+AC or Li+AAP” group, <em>n</em> = 33). Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders (gender, age, body mass index, depressive symptoms, co-prescribed benzodiazepines and antidepressants, smoking status and past alcohol use disorder).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The PCA identified two dimensions: “robust CRA” (high amplitude and interdaily stability, with low intradaily variability) and “late chronotype”. Univariate analyses showed higher scores for “robust CRA” in the “Li” versus the “AC or AAP” (<em>p</em> = 0.021) or “Li+AC or Li+AAP” groups (<em>p</em> = 0.047). These findings remained significant after adjustments (respectively <em>p</em> = 0.010 and <em>p</em> = 0.019). Post-hoc analyses suggested lower variability, higher stability and higher amplitude of CRA in the “Li” group. Medication groups were similar for the “late chronotype” dimension (<em>p</em> = 0.92).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This actigraphy study is the first to show more favorable CRA in BD-I individuals receiving a Li monotherapy when compared with those receiving other classes or combinations of mood stabilizers. Replications in larger samples are required. Prospective studies are also warranted to elucidate whether the introduction of Li or other mood stabilizers might influence CRA in BD-I.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152531"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000828/pdfft?md5=2832640697dac3c9e37c25570e4f4d57&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000828-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152530
Guanghui Shen , Guoyong Huang , Mengting Wang , Wenqian Jian , Hong Pan , Zheru Dai , Anise M.S. Wu , Li Chen
Background
The association between problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and negative emotions in university students is not well understood in terms of causality and directionality. This study aims to clarify whether negative emotions trigger PMPU or whether the PMPU itself leads to increased negative emotions over time.
Methods
A two-wave longitudinal study was conducted involving 5568 Chinese freshmen who were surveyed at baseline and followed up after one academic year. PMPU, social media use, online game use, fear of missing out, loneliness, social anxiety, and academic burnout were measured. Cross-sectional and longitudinal connections between these variables were examined using network analysis techniques.
Results
The variable with the strongest influence in both contemporaneous networks was “Productivity loss” of MAPI. Moreover, “Academic burnout” at baseline significantly predicted higher levels of problematic smartphone use and negative emotions at follow-up, suggesting that it may serve as a catalyst for addictive tendencies. Furthermore, we observed bidirectional relationships between “Escapism” and “Social anxiety”, as well as between “Social anxiety” and “Inability to control craving”, suggesting a potential self-perpetuating cycle.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the role of academic burnout in initiating cycles of PMPU and negative emotions. In order to effectively tackle PMPU, it is crucial to consider the underlying drivers such as academic burnout and emotional states. This is important due to the complex and reciprocal associations uncovered through our longitudinal network analysis.
{"title":"The longitudinal relationships between problematic mobile phone use symptoms and negative emotions: a cross-lagged panel network analysis","authors":"Guanghui Shen , Guoyong Huang , Mengting Wang , Wenqian Jian , Hong Pan , Zheru Dai , Anise M.S. Wu , Li Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The association between problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and negative emotions in university students is not well understood in terms of causality and directionality. This study aims to clarify whether negative emotions trigger PMPU or whether the PMPU itself leads to increased negative emotions over time.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A two-wave longitudinal study was conducted involving 5568 Chinese freshmen who were surveyed at baseline and followed up after one academic year. PMPU, social media use, online game use, fear of missing out, loneliness, social anxiety, and academic burnout were measured. Cross-sectional and longitudinal connections between these variables were examined using network analysis techniques.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The variable with the strongest influence in both contemporaneous networks was “Productivity loss” of MAPI. Moreover, “Academic burnout” at baseline significantly predicted higher levels of problematic smartphone use and negative emotions at follow-up, suggesting that it may serve as a catalyst for addictive tendencies. Furthermore, we observed bidirectional relationships between “Escapism” and “Social anxiety”, as well as between “Social anxiety” and “Inability to control craving”, suggesting a potential self-perpetuating cycle.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These findings highlight the role of academic burnout in initiating cycles of PMPU and negative emotions. In order to effectively tackle PMPU, it is crucial to consider the underlying drivers such as academic burnout and emotional states. This is important due to the complex and reciprocal associations uncovered through our longitudinal network analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152530"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000816/pdfft?md5=eb5b0b29dcac1fb522d0b02754ccf0c0&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000816-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152529
Sameena Karsan , Joel P. Diaz-Fong , Ronald Ly , Gerhard Hellemann , Jamie D. Feusner
Background
A core feature of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is body image disturbance. Many with BDD misperceive and are dissatisfied with the sizes and shapes of body parts, but detailed quantification and analysis of this has not yet been performed. To address this gap, we applied Somatomap 3D, a digital avatar tool, to quantify body image disturbances by assessing body size estimation (BSE) accuracy and body dissatisfaction.
Methods
Sixty-one adults (31 with BDD, 30 healthy controls) created avatars to reflect their perceived current body and ideal body by altering 23 body part sizes and lengths using Somatomap 3D. Physical measurements of corresponding body parts were recorded for comparison. BSE accuracy (current minus actual) and body dissatisfaction (ideal minus current) were compared between groups and in relation to BDD symptom severity using generalized estimating equations.
Results
Individuals with BDD significantly over- and under-estimated certain body parts compared to healthy controls. Individuals with BDD overall desired significantly thinner body parts compared to healthy controls. Moreover, those with worse BSE accuracy had greater body dissatisfaction and poorer insight.
Conclusion
In sum, this digital avatar tool revealed disturbances in body image in individuals with BDD that may have perceptual and cognitive/affective components.
{"title":"Quantifying body size estimation accuracy and body dissatisfaction in body dysmorphic disorder using a digital avatar","authors":"Sameena Karsan , Joel P. Diaz-Fong , Ronald Ly , Gerhard Hellemann , Jamie D. Feusner","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A core feature of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is body image disturbance. Many with BDD misperceive and are dissatisfied with the sizes and shapes of body parts, but detailed quantification and analysis of this has not yet been performed. To address this gap, we applied <em>Somatomap 3D,</em> a digital avatar tool, to quantify body image disturbances by assessing body size estimation (BSE) accuracy and body dissatisfaction.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Sixty-one adults (31 with BDD, 30 healthy controls) created avatars to reflect their perceived current body and ideal body by altering 23 body part sizes and lengths using <em>Somatomap 3D.</em> Physical measurements of corresponding body parts were recorded for comparison. BSE accuracy (current minus actual) and body dissatisfaction (ideal minus current) were compared between groups and in relation to BDD symptom severity using generalized estimating equations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Individuals with BDD significantly over- and under-estimated certain body parts compared to healthy controls. Individuals with BDD overall desired significantly thinner body parts compared to healthy controls. Moreover, those with worse BSE accuracy had greater body dissatisfaction and poorer insight.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In sum, this digital avatar tool revealed disturbances in body image in individuals with BDD that may have perceptual and cognitive/affective components.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152529"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000804/pdfft?md5=6965be518ac43e00b45b90b669f93d9c&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000804-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142145340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152528
Manuela Dudeck , Judith Streb , Juliane Mayer , Viviane Wolf , Ivonne Steiner , Verena Klein , Irina Franke
Objective
By providing a structured assessment of specific risk factors, risk assessment tools allow statements to be made about the likelihood of future recidivism in people who have committed a crime. These tools were originally developed for and primarily tested in men and are mainly based on the usual criminological background of men. Despite significant progress in the last decade, there is still a lack of empirical research on female offenders, especially female forensic psychiatric inpatients. To improve prognosis in female offenders, we performed a retrospective study to compare the predictive quality of the following risk assessment tools: PCL-R, LSI-R, HCR-20 v3, FAM, and VRAG-R.
Method
Data were collected from the information available in the medical files of 525 female patients who had been discharged between 2001 and 2017. We examined the ability of the tools to predict general and violent recidivism by comparing the predictions with information from the Federal Central Criminal Register.
Results
Overall, the prediction instruments had moderate to good predictive performance, and the study confirmed their general applicability to female forensic psychiatric patients.
Conclusion
The LSI-R proved to be particularly valid for general recidivism, and both, LSI-R and HCR-20 v3, for violent recidivism.
{"title":"Evaluation of whether commonly used risk assessment tools are applicable to women in forensic psychiatric institutions","authors":"Manuela Dudeck , Judith Streb , Juliane Mayer , Viviane Wolf , Ivonne Steiner , Verena Klein , Irina Franke","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>By providing a structured assessment of specific risk factors, risk assessment tools allow statements to be made about the likelihood of future recidivism in people who have committed a crime. These tools were originally developed for and primarily tested in men and are mainly based on the usual criminological background of men. Despite significant progress in the last decade, there is still a lack of empirical research on female offenders, especially female forensic psychiatric inpatients. To improve prognosis in female offenders, we performed a retrospective study to compare the predictive quality of the following risk assessment tools: PCL-R, LSI-R, HCR-20 v3, FAM, and VRAG-R.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Data were collected from the information available in the medical files of 525 female patients who had been discharged between 2001 and 2017. We examined the ability of the tools to predict general and violent recidivism by comparing the predictions with information from the Federal Central Criminal Register.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, the prediction instruments had moderate to good predictive performance, and the study confirmed their general applicability to female forensic psychiatric patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The LSI-R proved to be particularly valid for general recidivism, and both, LSI-R and HCR-20 v3, for violent recidivism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000798/pdfft?md5=6c40a34a43a62adadae2e3b286548751&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000798-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142145339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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