Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648106
K. S. Yap, S. Wong, S. K. Tiong
The fuzzy rule sets, which have been derived from the hybrid neural network model, called the O-EGART-PR-FIS, is an integration of the Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) into Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN), display substantial redundancy and low interpretability that leads to time-consuming prediction process. The O-EGART-PR-FIS approach can achieve the highest accuracy rate among all, however the extracted rules are less compact. Hence, in this paper, we propose a genetic algorithm based method with the inclusion of the “Don't Care” antecedent (hereafter denoted as DC-GA) to the foundation of the O-EGART-PR-FIS, with the aim of further optimizing the existing fuzzy rules. The improved model is applied to two benchmark problems, and the rules extracted are analyzed, discussed and compared with other published methods. From the comparison results, it is observed that the improved model is attested to be statistically superior to other ANN models. Therefore, it reveals the efficacy of DC-GA in eliciting a set of compact and yet easily comprehensible rules while sustaining a high classification performance.
{"title":"Compressing and improving fuzzy rules using genetic algorithm and its application to fault detection","authors":"K. S. Yap, S. Wong, S. K. Tiong","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648106","url":null,"abstract":"The fuzzy rule sets, which have been derived from the hybrid neural network model, called the O-EGART-PR-FIS, is an integration of the Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) into Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN), display substantial redundancy and low interpretability that leads to time-consuming prediction process. The O-EGART-PR-FIS approach can achieve the highest accuracy rate among all, however the extracted rules are less compact. Hence, in this paper, we propose a genetic algorithm based method with the inclusion of the “Don't Care” antecedent (hereafter denoted as DC-GA) to the foundation of the O-EGART-PR-FIS, with the aim of further optimizing the existing fuzzy rules. The improved model is applied to two benchmark problems, and the rules extracted are analyzed, discussed and compared with other published methods. From the comparison results, it is observed that the improved model is attested to be statistically superior to other ANN models. Therefore, it reveals the efficacy of DC-GA in eliciting a set of compact and yet easily comprehensible rules while sustaining a high classification performance.","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123112300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648134
D. Alghisi, M. Ferrari, V. Ferrari
This paper presents an autonomous battery-less temperature measurement system powered on-demand by human action. The conversion between the human action and electrical energy is provided by an hand-held electromagnetic (EM) converter intentionally activated by the user. The AC voltage generated by the EM converter has time-varying amplitude and frequency and is rectified by a voltage doubler active rectifier circuit. The energy harvested is stored into multiple capacitors by the innovative Sequential Charging of Storage Capacitors (SCSC) technique. With a force of about 29.4 N over 2 cm applied to the EM converter, the power management circuit is able to extract an energy of 27.5 mJ and power the noncontact temperature measurement system for about 17 s.
本文提出了一种自动无电池温度测量系统。人的动作和电能之间的转换是由用户有意激活的手持电磁转换器提供的。电磁变换器产生的交流电压具有时变的幅度和频率，并通过倍压有源整流电路进行整流。通过创新的顺序充电存储电容器(SCSC)技术，将收集的能量存储到多个电容器中。当对EM转换器施加约29.4 N / 2 cm的力时，电源管理电路能够提取27.5 mJ的能量，并为非接触式温度测量系统供电约17 s。
{"title":"Portable battery-less noncontact temperature measurement system powered on-demand by human action","authors":"D. Alghisi, M. Ferrari, V. Ferrari","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648134","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an autonomous battery-less temperature measurement system powered on-demand by human action. The conversion between the human action and electrical energy is provided by an hand-held electromagnetic (EM) converter intentionally activated by the user. The AC voltage generated by the EM converter has time-varying amplitude and frequency and is rectified by a voltage doubler active rectifier circuit. The energy harvested is stored into multiple capacitors by the innovative Sequential Charging of Storage Capacitors (SCSC) technique. With a force of about 29.4 N over 2 cm applied to the EM converter, the power management circuit is able to extract an energy of 27.5 mJ and power the noncontact temperature measurement system for about 17 s.","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121830681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648038
Tiago Matias, D. Gabriel, F. Souza, R. Araújo, J. C. Pereira
This paper proposes a method for fault detection and replacement of the sensor responsible by the measurement of the burning zone temperature in a rotary cement kiln. The control of the burning zone temperature is crucial for the control of kiln temperature and therefore for the control of the cement quality, pollutant emissions, and consumed energy. However the flying dust within the kiln can block the pyrometer sensor, causing faults in the temperature sensor. Exploring the analytical redundancy that usually exist in industrial processes, the proposed methodology uses a neural network trained using an online sequential extreme learning machine to online construct a model to estimate the burning zone temperature. Using the error between the measured and estimated temperatures, faults in the measurement can be detected and thus the replacement of the measured temperatures by the estimated output is made.
{"title":"Fault detection and replacement of a temperature sensor in a cement rotary kiln","authors":"Tiago Matias, D. Gabriel, F. Souza, R. Araújo, J. C. Pereira","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648038","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method for fault detection and replacement of the sensor responsible by the measurement of the burning zone temperature in a rotary cement kiln. The control of the burning zone temperature is crucial for the control of kiln temperature and therefore for the control of the cement quality, pollutant emissions, and consumed energy. However the flying dust within the kiln can block the pyrometer sensor, causing faults in the temperature sensor. Exploring the analytical redundancy that usually exist in industrial processes, the proposed methodology uses a neural network trained using an online sequential extreme learning machine to online construct a model to estimate the burning zone temperature. Using the error between the measured and estimated temperatures, faults in the measurement can be detected and thus the replacement of the measured temperatures by the estimated output is made.","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116980480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2013.6647941
D. Carboni, A. Gasparri, G. Ulivi
In this work the Network Localization Problem with noisy measurements and mobility is considered. In particular, we first focus on the discovery of the localizable subnetwork by introducing an iterative approach to detect and merge small localizable components. Furthermore, we propose a novel check to mitigate the risk of flips ambiguities in order to enlarge the aforementioned subnetwork. Successively, we introduce the concept of critical node, and adopt an iterative localization scheme to retrieve information about the relevance of a node. This allows us to investigate how the accuracy of the localization process can be improved by the aid of mobility, i.e., critical nodes which are relevant for the localization of the network can be localized by means of mobile nodes. Simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
{"title":"Improving sensor network localization accuracy via mobility","authors":"D. Carboni, A. Gasparri, G. Ulivi","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2013.6647941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2013.6647941","url":null,"abstract":"In this work the Network Localization Problem with noisy measurements and mobility is considered. In particular, we first focus on the discovery of the localizable subnetwork by introducing an iterative approach to detect and merge small localizable components. Furthermore, we propose a novel check to mitigate the risk of flips ambiguities in order to enlarge the aforementioned subnetwork. Successively, we introduce the concept of critical node, and adopt an iterative localization scheme to retrieve information about the relevance of a node. This allows us to investigate how the accuracy of the localization process can be improved by the aid of mobility, i.e., critical nodes which are relevant for the localization of the network can be localized by means of mobile nodes. Simulations are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117118613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2013.6647983
Sarmad Riazi, C. Seatzu, Oskar Wigström, B. Lennartson
In this paper, we propose a logic-based Benders decomposition (LBBD), as well as an LBBD/gossip method to solve the heterogeneous multi-vehicle routing problem (HMVRP). HMVRP is a newly formalized extension of the NP-hard multi-traveling salesman problem (mTSP). First, a hybrid algorithm based on LBBD is formulated that decomposes the HMVRP into an assignment problem and a cluster of sequencing problems. The former is solved by a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) solver, and the latter by a dedicated TSP solver. Then, a gossip algorithm is constructed which utilizes the mentioned LBBD for local optimization to achieve better computational efficiency. The use of LBBD remarkably reduces the CPU time. Furthurmore, integrating the three layers of gossip algorithm, LBBD and the TSP solver, results in a very efficient solution method.
{"title":"Benders/gossip methods for heterogeneous multi-vehicle routing problems","authors":"Sarmad Riazi, C. Seatzu, Oskar Wigström, B. Lennartson","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2013.6647983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2013.6647983","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a logic-based Benders decomposition (LBBD), as well as an LBBD/gossip method to solve the heterogeneous multi-vehicle routing problem (HMVRP). HMVRP is a newly formalized extension of the NP-hard multi-traveling salesman problem (mTSP). First, a hybrid algorithm based on LBBD is formulated that decomposes the HMVRP into an assignment problem and a cluster of sequencing problems. The former is solved by a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) solver, and the latter by a dedicated TSP solver. Then, a gossip algorithm is constructed which utilizes the mentioned LBBD for local optimization to achieve better computational efficiency. The use of LBBD remarkably reduces the CPU time. Furthurmore, integrating the three layers of gossip algorithm, LBBD and the TSP solver, results in a very efficient solution method.","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115470611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648116
Thomas Glatzl, F. Kohl, W. Hortschitz, T. Sauter
A concept of a flow sensor optimized for the use in HVAC (Heating Ventilating Air Conditioning) systems is presented. The fabrication of the transducer is based on PCB (Printed Circuit Board) technology to keep costs low and allow for easy handling and replacement. The complete sensor device consists of a quantizer, a conversion circuitry, and a network link. Through interaction with the streaming fluid, the transducer generates an electrically measurable signal which allows determination of the total flow of the fluid. The measurement principle is based on a modification of the calorimetric principle. Hence, miniaturized heat sources and nearby temperature detectors have to be implemented. The behavior and performance of the sensor concept has been studied by means of finite element simulations. The quasistatic and transient simulations reveal the temperature allocation inside the sensor and the surrounding fluid and therefore allow a further optimization of the sensor for different applications.
{"title":"Concept of a thermal flow sensor integration on circuit board level","authors":"Thomas Glatzl, F. Kohl, W. Hortschitz, T. Sauter","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648116","url":null,"abstract":"A concept of a flow sensor optimized for the use in HVAC (Heating Ventilating Air Conditioning) systems is presented. The fabrication of the transducer is based on PCB (Printed Circuit Board) technology to keep costs low and allow for easy handling and replacement. The complete sensor device consists of a quantizer, a conversion circuitry, and a network link. Through interaction with the streaming fluid, the transducer generates an electrically measurable signal which allows determination of the total flow of the fluid. The measurement principle is based on a modification of the calorimetric principle. Hence, miniaturized heat sources and nearby temperature detectors have to be implemented. The behavior and performance of the sensor concept has been studied by means of finite element simulations. The quasistatic and transient simulations reveal the temperature allocation inside the sensor and the surrounding fluid and therefore allow a further optimization of the sensor for different applications.","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"1076 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122893170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-25126-9_13
M. Dassisti, David Chen
{"title":"Interoperability analysis: General concepts for an axiomatic approach","authors":"M. Dassisti, David Chen","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-25126-9_13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25126-9_13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114281891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648073
Shanthi Vellingiri, D. Tandur, Mallikarjun Kande
In this paper, we provide the requirements and analysis for the selection of adequate communication infrastructure in managing Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics (RMD) applications in Open Pit Mine (OPM) environments. We have surveyed several different real world mine environments in order to obtain common physical characteristics of the mine. We discuss the significance of evaluating the physical, structural and operational challenges of an Open Pit Mine environment before selecting any suitable communication architecture. Based on the evaluation of the mine environment along with the Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics application service requirements, we recommend feasible wireless infrastructure solutions that can handle day-to-day challenges with improved efficiency. Finally, considering the inevitable expansion of mine territory, we provide recommendations for future Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics mine automation systems as well.
{"title":"Communication architecture for Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics in Open Pit Mine","authors":"Shanthi Vellingiri, D. Tandur, Mallikarjun Kande","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648073","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we provide the requirements and analysis for the selection of adequate communication infrastructure in managing Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics (RMD) applications in Open Pit Mine (OPM) environments. We have surveyed several different real world mine environments in order to obtain common physical characteristics of the mine. We discuss the significance of evaluating the physical, structural and operational challenges of an Open Pit Mine environment before selecting any suitable communication architecture. Based on the evaluation of the mine environment along with the Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics application service requirements, we recommend feasible wireless infrastructure solutions that can handle day-to-day challenges with improved efficiency. Finally, considering the inevitable expansion of mine territory, we provide recommendations for future Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics mine automation systems as well.","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128728757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648092
J. Ladiges, A. Fay, C. Haubeck, W. Lamersdorf
Production facilities are systems under constant evolution due to frequent changes of requirements and unforeseen incidents. Complex interrelations within the facility's physics and the control software may cause unintentional changes in its behavior after performing modifications. In order to detect such effects, we present, based on a detailed literature review, definitions of nonfunctional requirements on production facilities. The definitions are operationalized, when necessary, to allow an automatic examination of the fulfillment of requirements. This can be done by using dynamic information available in typical automation systems of production facilities. We show which information can be used for an automatic examination and which evolution scenarios affect the defined requirements.
{"title":"Operationalized definitions of non-functional requirements on automated production facilities to measure evolution effects with an automation system","authors":"J. Ladiges, A. Fay, C. Haubeck, W. Lamersdorf","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648092","url":null,"abstract":"Production facilities are systems under constant evolution due to frequent changes of requirements and unforeseen incidents. Complex interrelations within the facility's physics and the control software may cause unintentional changes in its behavior after performing modifications. In order to detect such effects, we present, based on a detailed literature review, definitions of nonfunctional requirements on production facilities. The definitions are operationalized, when necessary, to allow an automatic examination of the fulfillment of requirements. This can be done by using dynamic information available in typical automation systems of production facilities. We show which information can be used for an automatic examination and which evolution scenarios affect the defined requirements.","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129150960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-28DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648048
Lars Evertz
To meet the flexibility demands introduced by modern markets, process plants have to become more flexible themselves. To tackle this issue and to ease vertical integration of IT-systems in enterprises a service-oriented approach is promising. Despite the developments concerning service-oriented architectures there is no standardized interface for service systems in process control systems. Therefore, in this paper we lay a basis for service systems in process control. We propose a message format and a way to describe services. We show which actions of a service interaction sequence have to be done in the engineering phase and which can be done at runtime. This is needed to meet non-functional requirements of control applications. The overall aim of the service system is to enhance flexibility without creating new dependencies.
{"title":"Laying a basis for service systems in process control","authors":"Lars Evertz","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648048","url":null,"abstract":"To meet the flexibility demands introduced by modern markets, process plants have to become more flexible themselves. To tackle this issue and to ease vertical integration of IT-systems in enterprises a service-oriented approach is promising. Despite the developments concerning service-oriented architectures there is no standardized interface for service systems in process control systems. Therefore, in this paper we lay a basis for service systems in process control. We propose a message format and a way to describe services. We show which actions of a service interaction sequence have to be done in the engineering phase and which can be done at runtime. This is needed to meet non-functional requirements of control applications. The overall aim of the service system is to enhance flexibility without creating new dependencies.","PeriodicalId":106678,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE 18th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129263208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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