Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622048
Le Xie, Yilin Mo, B. Sinopoli
We present a potential class of cyber attack, named false data injection attack, against the state estimation in deregulated electricity markets. With the knowledge of the system configuration, we show that such attacks will circumvent the bad data measurement detection equipped in present SCADA systems, and lead to profitable financial misconduct such as virtual bidding the ex-post locational marginal price (LMP). We demonstrate the potential attacks on an IEEE 14-bus system.
{"title":"False Data Injection Attacks in Electricity Markets","authors":"Le Xie, Yilin Mo, B. Sinopoli","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622048","url":null,"abstract":"We present a potential class of cyber attack, named false data injection attack, against the state estimation in deregulated electricity markets. With the knowledge of the system configuration, we show that such attacks will circumvent the bad data measurement detection equipped in present SCADA systems, and lead to profitable financial misconduct such as virtual bidding the ex-post locational marginal price (LMP). We demonstrate the potential attacks on an IEEE 14-bus system.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116486325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622023
Robert S. Brewer, Philip M. Johnson
WattDepot is an open source, Internet-based, service-oriented framework for collection, storage, analysis, and visualization of energy data. WattDepot differs from other energy management solutions in one or more of the following ways: it is not tied to any specific metering technology; it provides high-level support for meter aggregation and data interpolation; it supports carbon intensity analysis; it is architecturally decoupled from the underlying storage technology; it supports both hosted and local energy services; it can provide near-real time data collection and feedback; and the software is open source and freely available. In this paper, we introduce the framework, provide examples of its use, and discuss its application to research and understanding of the Smart Grid.
{"title":"WattDepot: An Open Source Software Ecosystem for Enterprise-Scale Energy Data Collection, Storage, Analysis, and Visualization","authors":"Robert S. Brewer, Philip M. Johnson","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622023","url":null,"abstract":"WattDepot is an open source, Internet-based, service-oriented framework for collection, storage, analysis, and visualization of energy data. WattDepot differs from other energy management solutions in one or more of the following ways: it is not tied to any specific metering technology; it provides high-level support for meter aggregation and data interpolation; it supports carbon intensity analysis; it is architecturally decoupled from the underlying storage technology; it supports both hosted and local energy services; it can provide near-real time data collection and feedback; and the software is open source and freely available. In this paper, we introduce the framework, provide examples of its use, and discuss its application to research and understanding of the Smart Grid.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124309888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622045
O. Kosut, Liyan Jia, R. Thomas, L. Tong
The problem of constructing malicious data attack of smart grid state estimation is considered together with countermeasures that detect the presence of such attacks. For the adversary, using a graph theoretic approach, an efficient algorithm with polynomial-time complexity is obtained to find the minimum size unobservable malicious data attacks. When the unobservable attack does not exist due to restrictions of meter access, attacks are constructed to minimize the residue energy of attack while guaranteeing a certain level of increase of mean square error. For the control center, a computationally efficient algorithm is derived to detect and localize attacks using the generalized likelihood ratio test regularized by an L_1 norm penalty on the strength of attack.
{"title":"Malicious Data Attacks on Smart Grid State Estimation: Attack Strategies and Countermeasures","authors":"O. Kosut, Liyan Jia, R. Thomas, L. Tong","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622045","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of constructing malicious data attack of smart grid state estimation is considered together with countermeasures that detect the presence of such attacks. For the adversary, using a graph theoretic approach, an efficient algorithm with polynomial-time complexity is obtained to find the minimum size unobservable malicious data attacks. When the unobservable attack does not exist due to restrictions of meter access, attacks are constructed to minimize the residue energy of attack while guaranteeing a certain level of increase of mean square error. For the control center, a computationally efficient algorithm is derived to detect and localize attacks using the generalized likelihood ratio test regularized by an L_1 norm penalty on the strength of attack.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122501441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622094
S. Mohagheghi, J. Stoupis, Zhenyuan Wang, Z. Li, Hormoz Kazemzadeh
Demand Response (DR) refers to actions taken by the utility to respond to a shortage of supply for a short duration of time in the future. DR is one of the enablers of the Smart Grid paradigm as it promotes interaction and responsiveness of the customers and changes the grid from a vertically integrated structure to one that is affected by the behavior of the demand side. In Principle, it is possible to perform DR at the substation level for the customers connected to the feeders downstream or at the demand response service provider (aggregator) for the customers under its territory. This would allow for an area based solution driven mostly by the financial aspects as well as terms and conditions of the mutual agreements between the individual customers and the utility. However, as the penetration of DR increases, incorporating the network model into the DR analysis algorithm becomes necessary. This ensures the proper performance of the DR process and achieves peripheral objectives in addition to achieving the target demand reduction. The added value to the DR algorithm by incorporating the model of the distribution network can only be realized if the engine is developed as an integrated function of the Distribution Management System (DMS) at the network control center level. This paper focuses on the demand response architecture implemented at the DMS level and discusses some practical considerations associated with this approach
{"title":"Demand Response Architecture: Integration into the Distribution Management System","authors":"S. Mohagheghi, J. Stoupis, Zhenyuan Wang, Z. Li, Hormoz Kazemzadeh","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622094","url":null,"abstract":"Demand Response (DR) refers to actions taken by the utility to respond to a shortage of supply for a short duration of time in the future. DR is one of the enablers of the Smart Grid paradigm as it promotes interaction and responsiveness of the customers and changes the grid from a vertically integrated structure to one that is affected by the behavior of the demand side. In Principle, it is possible to perform DR at the substation level for the customers connected to the feeders downstream or at the demand response service provider (aggregator) for the customers under its territory. This would allow for an area based solution driven mostly by the financial aspects as well as terms and conditions of the mutual agreements between the individual customers and the utility. However, as the penetration of DR increases, incorporating the network model into the DR analysis algorithm becomes necessary. This ensures the proper performance of the DR process and achieves peripheral objectives in addition to achieving the target demand reduction. The added value to the DR algorithm by incorporating the model of the distribution network can only be realized if the engine is developed as an integrated function of the Distribution Management System (DMS) at the network control center level. This paper focuses on the demand response architecture implemented at the DMS level and discusses some practical considerations associated with this approach","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125447881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622074
T. Iwao, Kenji Yamada, Masakazu Yura, Y. Nakaya, A. Cárdenas, Sung Lee, R. Masuoka
Unreliable wireless links can cause frequent link (and route) failures, creating a major challenge for routing protocols who need to constantly repair routes and find alternate paths. In this paper we propose DADR (Distributed Autonomous Depth-first Routing), a new distributed distance-vector routing protocol designed to adapt quickly to changing link conditions while minimizing network control overhead. In our algorithm, when a link fails, data packets are rerouted through an alternate next hop, and the information about the failed link is propagated with the data packet; therefore, routes are updated dynamically and with little overhead. We have implemented DADR on several link-layer technologies and deployed it in different applications, including AMI deployments in Japan; all implementations resulted in reliable networks that were easy to set up, maintain, and resilient to changing conditions.
{"title":"Dynamic Data Forwarding in Wireless Mesh Networks","authors":"T. Iwao, Kenji Yamada, Masakazu Yura, Y. Nakaya, A. Cárdenas, Sung Lee, R. Masuoka","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622074","url":null,"abstract":"Unreliable wireless links can cause frequent link (and route) failures, creating a major challenge for routing protocols who need to constantly repair routes and find alternate paths. In this paper we propose DADR (Distributed Autonomous Depth-first Routing), a new distributed distance-vector routing protocol designed to adapt quickly to changing link conditions while minimizing network control overhead. In our algorithm, when a link fails, data packets are rerouted through an alternate next hop, and the information about the failed link is propagated with the data packet; therefore, routes are updated dynamically and with little overhead. We have implemented DADR on several link-layer technologies and deployed it in different applications, including AMI deployments in Japan; all implementations resulted in reliable networks that were easy to set up, maintain, and resilient to changing conditions.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129489305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622068
R. Berthier, W. Sanders, H. Khurana
The security of Advanced Metering Infrastructures (AMIs) is of critical importance. The use of secure protocols and the enforcement of strong security properties have the potential to prevent vulnerabilities from being exploited and from having costly consequences. However, as learned from experiences in IT security, prevention is one aspect of a comprehensive approach that must also include the development of a complete monitoring solution. In this paper, we explore the practical needs for monitoring and intrusion detection through a thorough analysis of the different threats targeting an AMI.
{"title":"Intrusion Detection for Advanced Metering Infrastructures: Requirements and Architectural Directions","authors":"R. Berthier, W. Sanders, H. Khurana","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622068","url":null,"abstract":"The security of Advanced Metering Infrastructures (AMIs) is of critical importance. The use of secure protocols and the enforcement of strong security properties have the potential to prevent vulnerabilities from being exploited and from having costly consequences. However, as learned from experiences in IT security, prevention is one aspect of a comprehensive approach that must also include the development of a complete monitoring solution. In this paper, we explore the practical needs for monitoring and intrusion detection through a thorough analysis of the different threats targeting an AMI.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125826690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622032
Johannes Bergmann, Christian Glomb, Jurgen Gotz, J. Heuer, Richard Kuntschke, Martin Winter
Today, the whole energy sector is going to enter a phase of far-reaching revolution. The legacy power generation and transmission concept is converting to a massively distributed energy generation landscape integrating an extensive number of variable and small renewable energy resources such as biomass or PV installations with all their challenging effects on the energy grid. New stakeholders (e.g. energy resource aggregators), more flexibility for the consumers (energy market place), and totally new concepts (loading of e-Cars, usage of e-Cars as flexible power storage) have to be respected. Innovative monitoring and control concepts are required to operate these distributed energy resources in a reliable and safe way. This paper describes the principles for an efficient management of a massively distributed energy system based on small and variable energy resources. For evaluation purposes of this approach a newly developed coupled energy grid communication network simulator is introduced with which large scale aspects of the new ICT management frame¬works can be studied in a smart grid environment.
{"title":"Scalability of Smart Grid Protocols: Protocols and Their Simulative Evaluation for Massively Distributed DERs","authors":"Johannes Bergmann, Christian Glomb, Jurgen Gotz, J. Heuer, Richard Kuntschke, Martin Winter","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622032","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the whole energy sector is going to enter a phase of far-reaching revolution. The legacy power generation and transmission concept is converting to a massively distributed energy generation landscape integrating an extensive number of variable and small renewable energy resources such as biomass or PV installations with all their challenging effects on the energy grid. New stakeholders (e.g. energy resource aggregators), more flexibility for the consumers (energy market place), and totally new concepts (loading of e-Cars, usage of e-Cars as flexible power storage) have to be respected. Innovative monitoring and control concepts are required to operate these distributed energy resources in a reliable and safe way. This paper describes the principles for an efficient management of a massively distributed energy system based on small and variable energy resources. For evaluation purposes of this approach a newly developed coupled energy grid communication network simulator is introduced with which large scale aspects of the new ICT management frame¬works can be studied in a smart grid environment.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116548046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622009
M. Postina, S. Rohjans, U. Steffens, M. Uslar
The transfer from the current power grid to the power grid of the future implicates major changes for all stakeholders participating in the smart grid. Hence, utilities have to face several novel problems in terms of service provision. In this contribution, we examine two complementary views in the overall context of smart grids. We argue for a combination of those two views, based on ontology mappings. We explain a generic top-down and EA-related view, focused on intra-enterprise communication as well as a very domain-specific, technical bottom-up view, focused on inter-enterprise communication. The top-down view supports architects in reorganizing and developing enterprise SOA, whereas the bottom-up view takes into account the CIM (IEC 61970/61968), OPC UA (IEC 62541) and semantic web services to cope with technical interoperability in an utility domain-specific SOA. The combination of those two views results in the capability for smart grid stakeholders to realize seamless information exchange among field and IT.
从当前电网到未来电网的转变对参与智能电网的所有利益相关者都意味着重大变化。因此，公用事业公司必须面对服务提供方面的几个新问题。在这篇文章中，我们在智能电网的整体背景下研究了两个互补的观点。我们主张基于本体映射将这两种视图结合起来。我们解释了一个通用的自顶向下和与ea相关的视图，侧重于企业内部通信，以及一个非常特定于领域的、技术自底向上的视图，侧重于企业内部通信。自顶向下视图支持架构师重组和开发企业SOA，而自底向上视图考虑CIM (IEC 61970/61968)、OPC UA (IEC 62541)和语义web服务，以处理特定于实用领域的SOA中的技术互操作性。这两种视图的结合使智能电网利益相关者能够实现现场与IT之间的无缝信息交换。
{"title":"Views on Service Oriented Architectures in the Context of Smart Grids","authors":"M. Postina, S. Rohjans, U. Steffens, M. Uslar","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622009","url":null,"abstract":"The transfer from the current power grid to the power grid of the future implicates major changes for all stakeholders participating in the smart grid. Hence, utilities have to face several novel problems in terms of service provision. In this contribution, we examine two complementary views in the overall context of smart grids. We argue for a combination of those two views, based on ontology mappings. We explain a generic top-down and EA-related view, focused on intra-enterprise communication as well as a very domain-specific, technical bottom-up view, focused on inter-enterprise communication. The top-down view supports architects in reorganizing and developing enterprise SOA, whereas the bottom-up view takes into account the CIM (IEC 61970/61968), OPC UA (IEC 62541) and semantic web services to cope with technical interoperability in an utility domain-specific SOA. The combination of those two views results in the capability for smart grid stakeholders to realize seamless information exchange among field and IT.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130166783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622029
Aitor Aruzuaga, I. Berganza, A. Sendin, Manu Sharma, B. Varadarajan
PRIME (PoweRline Intelligent Metering Evolution) is one of the prominent upcoming powerline communication technologies, targeted for use in smart metering applications. The PRIME PHY / MAC specifications are open, publicly available and are developed by the PRIME Alliance, an industry consortium that includes utilities, meter vendors and semiconductor suppliers. PRIME employs OFDM modulation in the CENELEC A band (9 - 95 kHz), and achieves data rates from 21 kbps to 128 kbps at the PHY layer. The PRIME MAC is optimized for tree- topology networks, and features a novel node discovery and network building process. PRIME converges to IPv4 and IEC 61334-4-32 at the network layer, and is evolving to support IPv6. In this paper, we describe the PRIME Alliance, and review technical details of the PRIME PHY and MAC. We review the certification and interoperability tests defined by the PRIME Alliance, to ensure openness and future-proof technical performance with multi-vendor solutions. We present some initial results from small-scale PRIME field deployments.
{"title":"PRIME Interoperability Tests and Results from Field","authors":"Aitor Aruzuaga, I. Berganza, A. Sendin, Manu Sharma, B. Varadarajan","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622029","url":null,"abstract":"PRIME (PoweRline Intelligent Metering Evolution) is one of the prominent upcoming powerline communication technologies, targeted for use in smart metering applications. The PRIME PHY / MAC specifications are open, publicly available and are developed by the PRIME Alliance, an industry consortium that includes utilities, meter vendors and semiconductor suppliers. PRIME employs OFDM modulation in the CENELEC A band (9 - 95 kHz), and achieves data rates from 21 kbps to 128 kbps at the PHY layer. The PRIME MAC is optimized for tree- topology networks, and features a novel node discovery and network building process. PRIME converges to IPv4 and IEC 61334-4-32 at the network layer, and is evolving to support IPv6. In this paper, we describe the PRIME Alliance, and review technical details of the PRIME PHY and MAC. We review the certification and interoperability tests defined by the PRIME Alliance, to ensure openness and future-proof technical performance with multi-vendor solutions. We present some initial results from small-scale PRIME field deployments.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125739130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-04DOI: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622062
Christian Wietfeld, Christian Müller, J. Schmutzler, Steffen Fries, A. Heidenreich, Hans-Joachim Hof
Today's Smart Grid initiatives propose highly decentralized power supplies with an increased number of providers utilizing renewable energy resources. This idea is driven by the imminent requirement for improved sustainability of power industries and also by the legislative demand for more competitive energy market structures. Due to these intentions the number of regional market participants will be increasing dramatically over the next few years. In order to coordinate and balance energy supply and demand under these new circumstances, major ICT related challenges need to be addressed. This paper introduces a reference architecture design offering a set of extensibility points to existing solutions for increased flexibility in moving energy markets. The architecture design is based on the idea for open energy marketplaces in regional power distribution networks enabling load management and transfer. By defining flexible high level interfaces, it respects potentially upcoming requirements, new evolving services, and - resulting from these services - integration and mediation of future market roles. Furthermore the architecture presented in this paper also considers various regulative requirements resulting in different operational modes for provisioning of clearing, monitoring and controlling data.
{"title":"ICT Reference Architecture Design Based on Requirements for Future Energy Marketplaces","authors":"Christian Wietfeld, Christian Müller, J. Schmutzler, Steffen Fries, A. Heidenreich, Hans-Joachim Hof","doi":"10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622062","url":null,"abstract":"Today's Smart Grid initiatives propose highly decentralized power supplies with an increased number of providers utilizing renewable energy resources. This idea is driven by the imminent requirement for improved sustainability of power industries and also by the legislative demand for more competitive energy market structures. Due to these intentions the number of regional market participants will be increasing dramatically over the next few years. In order to coordinate and balance energy supply and demand under these new circumstances, major ICT related challenges need to be addressed. This paper introduces a reference architecture design offering a set of extensibility points to existing solutions for increased flexibility in moving energy markets. The architecture design is based on the idea for open energy marketplaces in regional power distribution networks enabling load management and transfer. By defining flexible high level interfaces, it respects potentially upcoming requirements, new evolving services, and - resulting from these services - integration and mediation of future market roles. Furthermore the architecture presented in this paper also considers various regulative requirements resulting in different operational modes for provisioning of clearing, monitoring and controlling data.","PeriodicalId":106908,"journal":{"name":"2010 First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133061110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：