Objective: This study aimed to assess the enhanced anticancer effect of Temozolomide (TMZ) through a synergistic combination with Diltiazem (DTZ) in the neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). Material and Methods: The SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line was cultured in a DMEM medium. TMZ and DTZ stock solutions were prepared and diluted to obtain different concentrations. The XTT assay was performed to evaluate cell viability. Cells were treated with TMZ alone or with DTZ for 24 and 48 hours. Viability was measured using the XTT-formazan product, and statistical analysis was performed. Results: The viability of neuroblastoma cells treated with TMZ alone and TMZ+DTZ combination was assessed. At 24 hours, TMZ showed no cytotoxic effect, while DTZ showed a low cytotoxic impact. At 48 hours, TMZ and TMZ+DTZ combination exhibited significant cytotoxic effects. The cytotoxic effects were concentration-dependent and time-dependent. DTZ alone showed significant cytotoxic effects on neuroblastoma cells at specific concentrations. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that TMZ alone and combined with DTZ had a significant cytotoxic effect on neuroblastoma cells. The combination of TMZ and DTZ may enhance the anticancer effect of TMZ and overcome drug resistance in neuroblastoma treatment. DTZ, a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, could prevent the efflux of TMZ from cancer cells, increasing its concentration and effectiveness.
{"title":"Enhanced Anticancer Effect of Temozolomide through Synergistic Combination with Diltiazem in Neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) Cell Line","authors":"Mustafa Karademir, Saime Surardamar","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1313269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1313269","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to assess the enhanced anticancer effect of Temozolomide (TMZ) through a synergistic combination with Diltiazem (DTZ) in the neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). \u0000Material and Methods: The SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line was cultured in a DMEM medium. TMZ and DTZ stock solutions were prepared and diluted to obtain different concentrations. The XTT assay was performed to evaluate cell viability. Cells were treated with TMZ alone or with DTZ for 24 and 48 hours. Viability was measured using the XTT-formazan product, and statistical analysis was performed. \u0000Results: The viability of neuroblastoma cells treated with TMZ alone and TMZ+DTZ combination was assessed. At 24 hours, TMZ showed no cytotoxic effect, while DTZ showed a low cytotoxic impact. At 48 hours, TMZ and TMZ+DTZ combination exhibited significant cytotoxic effects. The cytotoxic effects were concentration-dependent and time-dependent. DTZ alone showed significant cytotoxic effects on neuroblastoma cells at specific concentrations. \u0000Conclusion: The study demonstrated that TMZ alone and combined with DTZ had a significant cytotoxic effect on neuroblastoma cells. The combination of TMZ and DTZ may enhance the anticancer effect of TMZ and overcome drug resistance in neuroblastoma treatment. DTZ, a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, could prevent the efflux of TMZ from cancer cells, increasing its concentration and effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89521386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background:The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale is a self-reported scanning tool used to detect dysfunctional anxiety about the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, our aim was to determine the anxiety levels of members of the Medical Chamber of the Sivas and Erzincan provinces of Turkey during the pandemic. Methods:The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale questionnaire was e-mailed to members of the Sivas-Erzincan Medical Chamber. According to the scores obtained from the questionnaire, the participants were divided into two groups: those without anxiety (Group 1) and those with anxiety (Group 2). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare two independent groups for continuous data, and Pearson’s chi-square test was used for frequency data. A p value of
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF COVID-19 ANXIETY LEVELS OF PHYSICIANS","authors":"Ş.sinem Özbay, Mustafa Ayan","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1291307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1291307","url":null,"abstract":"Background:The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale is a self-reported scanning tool used to detect dysfunctional anxiety about the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, our aim was to determine the anxiety levels of members of the Medical Chamber of the Sivas and Erzincan provinces of Turkey during the pandemic. \u0000Methods:The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale questionnaire was e-mailed to members of the Sivas-Erzincan Medical Chamber. According to the scores obtained from the questionnaire, the participants were divided into two groups: those without anxiety (Group 1) and those with anxiety (Group 2). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare two independent groups for continuous data, and Pearson’s chi-square test was used for frequency data. A p value of","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81490314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: There are important parameters in understanding the severity of COVID-19 infection. We aimed to observe the role of systemic inflammatory index and neutrophil lymphocyte ratios in Covid-19 infections and the changes seen during the infection process. Method: This retrospective single-center study was conducted between April 2020 and May 2020. Clinical, demographic and laboratory data of patients with COVID-19 were analyzed. All COVID-19 case confirmation made with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and SII change and relationship were examined. Results: 140 patients were included in our study and 50 of them were female. There was no statistically significant difference in SII according to gender (p>0.05) but there was a difference in SII between age categories (p=0.009). A statistically significant difference was found (p=0.003) regardless of the presence of comorbidities. Tobacco users had a significantly lower SII (p=0.028). A statistically significant difference was found between SII and Covid Severity Index (p=0.020). A statistically significant difference was found in the SII values of those receiving favipiravir treatment and those receiving hydroxychloroquine treatment (p
{"title":"Analyzing The Relationship Between Systemic Inflammatory Index, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratios And Covid-19 Infection","authors":"Hayri Canbaz, Neslihan ERGÜN SÜZER, Özgür Sirkeci, Emel Erkuş Sirkeci","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1238446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1238446","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There are important parameters in understanding the severity of COVID-19 infection. We aimed to observe the role of systemic inflammatory index and neutrophil lymphocyte ratios in Covid-19 infections and the changes seen during the infection process. \u0000Method: This retrospective single-center study was conducted between April 2020 and May 2020. Clinical, demographic and laboratory data of patients with COVID-19 were analyzed. All COVID-19 case confirmation made with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and SII change and relationship were examined. \u0000Results: 140 patients were included in our study and 50 of them were female. There was no statistically significant difference in SII according to gender (p>0.05) but there was a difference in SII between age categories (p=0.009). A statistically significant difference was found (p=0.003) regardless of the presence of comorbidities. Tobacco users had a significantly lower SII (p=0.028). A statistically significant difference was found between SII and Covid Severity Index (p=0.020). A statistically significant difference was found in the SII values of those receiving favipiravir treatment and those receiving hydroxychloroquine treatment (p","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"13 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76020800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hayri Canbaz, Attila Beştemir, M. Gülşen, Alpay Tuncar
Introduction: It is known that children with neurodevelopmental diseases have frequent traumas like falling and apply to emergency department which significantly affects patient and family. Our aim is to examine the families' view and the problems encountered in emergency services by examining their answers to questionnaire. Method: This study was designed retrospectively. Patients registered in Department of Autism, Mental Special Needs and Rare Diseases as families with children who have neurodevelopmental diseases included in the study. 324 families’ survey with 12 open-ended questions evaluated in terms of distribution and frequencies with descriptive statistical methods. Results: By analyzing the data obtained the findings of the research were gathered under 12 main themes and 80 sub-themes. 313 (89.9%) were diagnosed with Down Syndrome, 9 (2.5%) with Angelman Syndrome, 7 (2.02%) with intellectual disability, and 5 (1.4%) with Autism. 34.2% of the children were 0-3 years old, 28.7% were 3-6 years old, 20.9% were 6-10 years old. Emergency services were used in "all cases where urgent intervention is required" (70%), and in cases where “an outpatient appointment couldn’t made" (10.8%) Conclusion: It would be beneficial to examine children with neurodevelopmental diseases in an understanding and patient manner, using a plain and understandable language, in a quiet environment in emergency room. To solve these patient’s problems, awareness training of healthcare professionals, having separate examination and observation room, ensuring accessibility and arranging the room with necessary medical supplies and equipment should be made.
{"title":"Emergency service perspective of families with children who have neurodevelopmental diseases","authors":"Hayri Canbaz, Attila Beştemir, M. Gülşen, Alpay Tuncar","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1240428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1240428","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It is known that children with neurodevelopmental diseases have frequent traumas like falling and apply to emergency department which significantly affects patient and family. Our aim is to examine the families' view and the problems encountered in emergency services by examining their answers to questionnaire. \u0000Method: This study was designed retrospectively. Patients registered in Department of Autism, Mental Special Needs and Rare Diseases as families with children who have neurodevelopmental diseases included in the study. 324 families’ survey with 12 open-ended questions evaluated in terms of distribution and frequencies with descriptive statistical methods. \u0000Results: By analyzing the data obtained the findings of the research were gathered under 12 main themes and 80 sub-themes. 313 (89.9%) were diagnosed with Down Syndrome, 9 (2.5%) with Angelman Syndrome, 7 (2.02%) with intellectual disability, and 5 (1.4%) with Autism. 34.2% of the children were 0-3 years old, 28.7% were 3-6 years old, 20.9% were 6-10 years old. Emergency services were used in \"all cases where urgent intervention is required\" (70%), and in cases where “an outpatient appointment couldn’t made\" (10.8%) \u0000Conclusion: It would be beneficial to examine children with neurodevelopmental diseases in an understanding and patient manner, using a plain and understandable language, in a quiet environment in emergency room. To solve these patient’s problems, awareness training of healthcare professionals, having separate examination and observation room, ensuring accessibility and arranging the room with necessary medical supplies and equipment should be made.","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84764325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Monocyte HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol ratio has been accepted as a newly emerging cardiovascular prognostic marker. The aim of this study is to investigate the determinants of monocyte and HDL cholesterol values in the early recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between September 2006 and July 2014 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Adana City Hospital, Health Sciences University, including 100 patients who underwent surgical AF ablation with open heart surgery. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine monocytes and HDL cholesterol values, which are among the factors affecting recurrence in the first 3 months postoperatively. Results: 100 patients who underwent surgical ablation together with open heart surgery were evaluated for early postoperative recurrence. According to the logistic regression analysis, the most effective features and measurements for early recurrence were diabetes mellitus (DM), AF duration, left atrial diameter, and low HDL cholesterol and high monocyte values before the procedure. Conclusion: Preoperative low HDL and high monocyte values can be considered as a determining factor for early recurrence in surgical ablation treatment of AF.
{"title":"Are preoperative monocytes and HDL values an early predictor of recurrence in the surgical ablation treatment of atrial fibrillation?","authors":"Muhittin Zafer Samsa, Funda TOR OCAK","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1099970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1099970","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Monocyte HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol ratio has been accepted as a newly emerging cardiovascular prognostic marker. The aim of this study is to investigate the determinants of monocyte and HDL cholesterol values in the early recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation. \u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between September 2006 and July 2014 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Adana City Hospital, Health Sciences University, including 100 patients who underwent surgical AF ablation with open heart surgery. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine monocytes and HDL cholesterol values, which are among the factors affecting recurrence in the first 3 months postoperatively. \u0000 \u0000Results: 100 patients who underwent surgical ablation together with open heart surgery were evaluated for early postoperative recurrence. According to the logistic regression analysis, the most effective features and measurements for early recurrence were diabetes mellitus (DM), AF duration, left atrial diameter, and low HDL cholesterol and high monocyte values before the procedure. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Preoperative low HDL and high monocyte values can be considered as a determining factor for early recurrence in surgical ablation treatment of AF.","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73260868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ş. Güran, Z. Çoban, H. Gündeşli, Özgür Kılıçarslan
Lithium (Li) was presented as a protective agent in neuron degeneration which is an important process in neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of certain amounts of Li on neuroblastoma cells by considering several specific genes which act on neuroprotection. Li solutions were prepared as 1 μM, 15 μM (low dosage), 30 μM and 45 µM (high dosage) concentrations then applied to neuroblastoma cell line. XTT and trypan blue assays were performed to determine the cell proliferation and viability, respectively. mRNA expression levels of NES, BDNF, GRIN2A, LRRK2, PRKN, and SNCA were detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability detected as significantly increased in cells treated with low dosage Li however, it was significantly decreased in high dosage applied cells compared to untreated control. In addition, cell proliferation ratios were significantly decreased in high dosage applied cells compared to control. It was demonstrated that mRNA expression levels of several genes (NES, LRRK2, PRKN) were significantly upregulated. Regarding to BDNF, expression of the gene was significantly upregulated in the cells only treated with very low amount of Li. However, no significant data could be obtained for GRIN2A. Furthermore, mRNA expression level of SNCA was determined as significantly downregulated compared to control. Statistically significant expression of NES, LRRK2, PRKN, BDNF and SNCA genes due to the variable Li concentrations applied to cells suggests that Li acts on transcriptional regulation of certain genes associated with neuronal survival. These findings support that dose dependent Li treatment might have a protective effect for neurodegenerative diseases.
{"title":"LITHIUM HAS NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECT ON NEUROBLASTOMA CELL LINE IN LOW DOSAGES","authors":"Ş. Güran, Z. Çoban, H. Gündeşli, Özgür Kılıçarslan","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1172075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1172075","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium (Li) was presented as a protective agent in neuron degeneration which is an important process in neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of certain amounts of Li on neuroblastoma cells by considering several specific genes which act on neuroprotection. Li solutions were prepared as 1 μM, 15 μM (low dosage), 30 μM and 45 µM (high dosage) concentrations then applied to neuroblastoma cell line. XTT and trypan blue assays were performed to determine the cell proliferation and viability, respectively. mRNA expression levels of NES, BDNF, GRIN2A, LRRK2, PRKN, and SNCA were detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability detected as significantly increased in cells treated with low dosage Li however, it was significantly decreased in high dosage applied cells compared to untreated control. In addition, cell proliferation ratios were significantly decreased in high dosage applied cells compared to control. It was demonstrated that mRNA expression levels of several genes (NES, LRRK2, PRKN) were significantly upregulated. Regarding to BDNF, expression of the gene was significantly upregulated in the cells only treated with very low amount of Li. However, no significant data could be obtained for GRIN2A. Furthermore, mRNA expression level of SNCA was determined as significantly downregulated compared to control. Statistically significant expression of NES, LRRK2, PRKN, BDNF and SNCA genes due to the variable Li concentrations applied to cells suggests that Li acts on transcriptional regulation of certain genes associated with neuronal survival. These findings support that dose dependent Li treatment might have a protective effect for neurodegenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73651817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The symptoms and findings resulting from thyroid dysfunctions display a picture similar to mood disorders such as depression and anxiety, which are the most common psychiatric disorders in the community. Therefore, this study aims to examine patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis receiving L-thyroxine therapy and euthyroid patients with postoperative hypothyroidism receiving L-thyroxine therapy in terms of their susceptibility to anxiety and depression and the change in their quality of life, as well as determine the role of the thyroid gland in psychosocial life. Material and method: For evaluating anxiety, depression, and quality of life, Beck depression and Beck anxiety inventories and SF-36 were administered to 120 people (20-80 years old) who were applied to the Department of Endocrinology of XXXX University. 40 of them had developed hypothyroidism after thyroid surgery, 40 were diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis at some point in their life and are now in a euthyroid state after L-thyroxine treatment, and 40 were healthy people in the control group. Data were analyzed on SSPS. Results: The reasons for these psychosocial effects on individuals were evaluated in multiple ways, such as thyroid dysfunction, having a chronic disease, the idea of constant drug use, the effect of autoimmunity, and endogenous hormone secretion. Thyroidectomy patients' anxiety and depression were higher, and their quality of life was poorer than both Hashimoto thyroiditis patients and the control group (p
{"title":"QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH POSTOPERATIVE HYPOTHYROID AND HASHIMOTO THYROIDITIS","authors":"Duygu Felek, Gülhan Duman","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1209398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1209398","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The symptoms and findings resulting from thyroid dysfunctions display a picture similar to mood disorders such as depression and anxiety, which are the most common psychiatric disorders in the community. Therefore, this study aims to examine patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis receiving L-thyroxine therapy and euthyroid patients with postoperative hypothyroidism receiving L-thyroxine therapy in terms of their susceptibility to anxiety and depression and the change in their quality of life, as well as determine the role of the thyroid gland in psychosocial life. \u0000Material and method: For evaluating anxiety, depression, and quality of life, Beck depression and Beck anxiety inventories and SF-36 were administered to 120 people (20-80 years old) who were applied to the Department of Endocrinology of XXXX University. 40 of them had developed hypothyroidism after thyroid surgery, 40 were diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis at some point in their life and are now in a euthyroid state after L-thyroxine treatment, and 40 were healthy people in the control group. Data were analyzed on SSPS. \u0000Results: The reasons for these psychosocial effects on individuals were evaluated in multiple ways, such as thyroid dysfunction, having a chronic disease, the idea of constant drug use, the effect of autoimmunity, and endogenous hormone secretion. Thyroidectomy patients' anxiety and depression were higher, and their quality of life was poorer than both Hashimoto thyroiditis patients and the control group (p","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"34 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75914983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a non-enveloped, commonly sexually transmitted virus with icosahedral symmetry and double-stranded circular DNA. Its genome, which is about 8 kb in size, encodes early genes (E1-8) and two late structural capsid genes (L1 and L2). Among the genes that play a role in viral pathogenesis, L1, E6, and E7 genes frequently exist. The E6 and E7 viral genes have a significant role in apoptosis inhibition, viral spread, development of squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), cell immortalization, neoplastic transformation, and invasive cancer. Demonstration of the relationship between cervical cancer and HPV infections has led to increased interest in this subject and the classification of some HPV genotypes in the high-risk group (HR-HPV) for cervical cancer. Numerous commercial molecular tests have been developed for the identification of HPV genotypes involving different approaches. HPV molecular tests approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) include Hybrid Capture® 2 (HC2), Cervista™, cobas®, Aptima®, and BD Onclarity™. This article reviews the methodologies, limitations, and commonalities of five FDA-approved tests. The HC2 and Cervista™ tests use non-PCR-based signal amplification methods, while the cobas® and BD Onclarity™ tests use PCR-based target amplification methods. On the other hand, the Aptima® test uses the mRNA transcriptional mediated amplification (TMA) method. Each of these methods used in the diagnosis and follow-up of HPV has its strengths and weaknesses. These HPV molecular tests have high sensitivity and specificity. They are also more automated and repeatable than cytological methods. In addition to these advantages, there are also several limitations. Because of these limitations, molecular tests are no more perfect than cytological tests. This situation shows that these tests should not be used alone in the evaluation of HPV infections and cancer identification. On the contrary, HPV test results should be correlated with cytology or biopsy findings.
{"title":"FDA-APPROVED MOLECULAR TESTS USED TO DEFINE HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) INFECTIONS WHICH CAUSE CERVIX CANCER","authors":"A. Cali, Rukiye Aslan, C. Çelik, A. Alim","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1187503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1187503","url":null,"abstract":"Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a non-enveloped, commonly sexually transmitted virus with icosahedral symmetry and double-stranded circular DNA. Its genome, which is about 8 kb in size, encodes early genes (E1-8) and two late structural capsid genes (L1 and L2). Among the genes that play a role in viral pathogenesis, L1, E6, and E7 genes frequently exist. The E6 and E7 viral genes have a significant role in apoptosis inhibition, viral spread, development of squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), cell immortalization, neoplastic transformation, and invasive cancer. \u0000Demonstration of the relationship between cervical cancer and HPV infections has led to increased interest in this subject and the classification of some HPV genotypes in the high-risk group (HR-HPV) for cervical cancer. Numerous commercial molecular tests have been developed for the identification of HPV genotypes involving different approaches. HPV molecular tests approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) include Hybrid Capture® 2 (HC2), Cervista™, cobas®, Aptima®, and BD Onclarity™. This article reviews the methodologies, limitations, and commonalities of five FDA-approved tests. The HC2 and Cervista™ tests use non-PCR-based signal amplification methods, while the cobas® and BD Onclarity™ tests use PCR-based target amplification methods. On the other hand, the Aptima® test uses the mRNA transcriptional mediated amplification (TMA) method. \u0000Each of these methods used in the diagnosis and follow-up of HPV has its strengths and weaknesses. These HPV molecular tests have high sensitivity and specificity. They are also more automated and repeatable than cytological methods. In addition to these advantages, there are also several limitations. Because of these limitations, molecular tests are no more perfect than cytological tests. This situation shows that these tests should not be used alone in the evaluation of HPV infections and cancer identification. On the contrary, HPV test results should be correlated with cytology or biopsy findings.","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91165734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Arı, Ömer Öztürk, Yasemin Özderi̇n, Dilara Turan Gökçe, İ. Tenlik, F. Bacaksız, V. Gökbulut, O. Coşkun
Background: Colonic transit is delayed in two-thirds of patients with dyssynergic defecation. As a result, it's possible that dyssynergic defecation and slow transit constipation are linked. There is a scarcity of research on the coexistence of dyssynergic defecation and slow transit constipation, as well as the efficacy of biofeedback therapy in this group of patients. Methods: The results of anorectal manometry and MR defecography were used to make the diagnosis of dyssynergic defecation. The colon transit time was measured with the help of 24 specially marked markers. All of the patients were given biofeedback therapy. Results: The average age of the 17 patients with dyssynergic defecation in the study was 45.6 years. The colon transit time was prolonged in seven patients (41.2%). In anorectal manometry, 7 patients (41.2%) had improved dyssynergic defecation after dyssynergic defecation. When the relationship between colon transit time and biofeedback therapy was investigated, it was discovered that normal colon transit time was found in 85.7 percent of those who benefited from biofeedback therapy, while slow transit constipation was found in 60% of those who did not. Conclusion: In patients with pre- biofeedback therapy and dyssynergic defecation, colon transit time should be evaluated, and it should be kept in mind that these patients may be resistant to treatment in the case of accompanying slow transit constipation.
{"title":"Colonic Slow Transit in Patients with Dyssynergic Defecation and Effectiveness of Biofeedback Therapy","authors":"D. Arı, Ömer Öztürk, Yasemin Özderi̇n, Dilara Turan Gökçe, İ. Tenlik, F. Bacaksız, V. Gökbulut, O. Coşkun","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1099119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1099119","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Colonic transit is delayed in two-thirds of patients with dyssynergic defecation. As a result, it's possible that dyssynergic defecation and slow transit constipation are linked. There is a scarcity of research on the coexistence of dyssynergic defecation and slow transit constipation, as well as the efficacy of biofeedback therapy in this group of patients. \u0000 \u0000Methods: The results of anorectal manometry and MR defecography were used to make the diagnosis of dyssynergic defecation. The colon transit time was measured with the help of 24 specially marked markers. All of the patients were given biofeedback therapy. \u0000 \u0000Results: The average age of the 17 patients with dyssynergic defecation in the study was 45.6 years. The colon transit time was prolonged in seven patients (41.2%). In anorectal manometry, 7 patients (41.2%) had improved dyssynergic defecation after dyssynergic defecation. When the relationship between colon transit time and biofeedback therapy was investigated, it was discovered that normal colon transit time was found in 85.7 percent of those who benefited from biofeedback therapy, while slow transit constipation was found in 60% of those who did not. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: In patients with pre- biofeedback therapy and dyssynergic defecation, colon transit time should be evaluated, and it should be kept in mind that these patients may be resistant to treatment in the case of accompanying slow transit constipation.","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81657616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iron deficiency anemia is the most common anemia type in the population. It causes many systemic clinical symptoms, including the effects on cognitive functions. Therefore, this study aimed to observe individuals' cognitive changes resulting from iron deficiency, a preventable cause. Method: Cognitive scores of 112 individuals (56 with iron deficiency anemia-test group and 56 healthy individuals-control group) from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were recorded. In addition, hemoglobin levels and recurrent anemia histories of individuals with iron deficiency anemia were also considered. Results: Cognitive functions were lower in the test group (individuals with iron deficiency anemia) compared to the control group. The mean MoCA score of the test and control groups were 19.80±3.46 and 22.98±3.59, respectively, and the difference was significant (p
{"title":"Evaluation of Cognitive Functions of Patients with Anemia","authors":"Duygu Felek","doi":"10.7197/cmj.1223208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.1223208","url":null,"abstract":"Iron deficiency anemia is the most common anemia type in the population. It causes many systemic clinical symptoms, including the effects on cognitive functions. Therefore, this study aimed to observe individuals' cognitive changes resulting from iron deficiency, a preventable cause. \u0000Method: Cognitive scores of 112 individuals (56 with iron deficiency anemia-test group and 56 healthy individuals-control group) from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were recorded. In addition, hemoglobin levels and recurrent anemia histories of individuals with iron deficiency anemia were also considered. \u0000Results: Cognitive functions were lower in the test group (individuals with iron deficiency anemia) compared to the control group. The mean MoCA score of the test and control groups were 19.80±3.46 and 22.98±3.59, respectively, and the difference was significant (p","PeriodicalId":10750,"journal":{"name":"Cumhuriyet medical journal","volume":"258 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76948251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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