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TEMPORARY REMOVAL: Corrigendum to ‘Implications of Vitamin D Research in Chickens can Advance Human Nutrition and Perspectives for the Future’ [Current Developments in Nutrition Volume 5 (2021) nzab018] 鸡体内维生素 D 研究对人类营养的影响及未来展望》[《营养学最新进展》第 5 卷 (2021) nzab018] 更正
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102125
The publisher regrets that this article has been temporarily removed. A replacement will appear as soon as possible in which the reason for the removal of the article will be specified, or the article will be reinstated.
The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal.
出版商很遗憾这篇文章被暂时撤下。爱思唯尔的 "文章撤稿政策 "全文可在 https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal 上查阅。
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引用次数: 0
“The Dollar Store Got It Going On”: Understanding Food Shopping Patterns and Policy Preferences among Dollar Store Shoppers with Low Incomes "一元店里有好东西":了解低收入一元店购物者的食品购物模式和政策偏好
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104457
Alexandria E Reimold , Marissa G Hall , Shu Wen Ng , Lindsey Smith Taillie , Kurt M Ribisl , Emile L Charles , Shelley D Golden

Background

The growing dollar store sector has raised concerns about nutrition and associated health outcomes, especially for low-income communities who disproportionately rely on dollar stores. Perspectives of dollar store shoppers are largely absent.

Objective

This study aimed to understand why low-income shoppers choose to purchase food from dollar stores and what store changes, policies, and programs would make it easier for them to purchase healthier items.

Methods

In May–June 2023, we conducted interviews with 19 dollar store shoppers in an urban county in North Carolina. We used thematic analysis and the framework method to identify emergent patterns and themes across responses.

Results

Individuals relied on dollar stores because of the affordable prices and convenient locations. In order of frequency, most participants purchased candy and snacks from dollar stores, followed by meat, fruits, and vegetables. Participants wanted more fruits, vegetables, and higher quality proteins at dollar stores and supported policies that increase access to healthier options via increased purchasing power, increased access to a mobile farmers’ market, marketing that identifies nutritionally healthy products, and improved access to other store types. Responses to removing unhealthy items from checkout areas were mixed.

Conclusions

Dollar stores are affordable and convenient food retailers for people with low incomes. However, dollar stores are not meeting demand for fruits, vegetables, and proteins, items necessary for food and nutrition security. To improve food access and community health, decision makers should incorporate community perspectives into efforts aimed at improving dollar store food options.
背景日益增长的一元店行业引起了人们对营养和相关健康结果的关注,尤其是对低收入社区而言,他们对一元店的依赖程度更高。本研究旨在了解低收入购物者为何选择在一元店购买食品,以及哪些商店变化、政策和项目会使他们更容易购买到更健康的商品。方法 2023 年 5-6 月,我们在北卡罗来纳州的一个城市县对 19 名一元店购物者进行了访谈。我们使用了主题分析和框架法来确定不同回答中出现的模式和主题。结果由于一元店价格实惠、位置方便,因此个人非常依赖一元店。按频率排序,大多数参与者在一元店购买糖果和零食,其次是肉类、水果和蔬菜。参与者希望在一元店购买更多的水果、蔬菜和更优质的蛋白质,并支持通过提高购买力、增加进入流动农贸市场的机会、开展识别营养健康产品的营销活动以及改善进入其他类型商店的机会来增加获得更健康选择机会的政策。对于将不健康商品从收银区移除的意见不一。然而,一元店并不能满足人们对水果、蔬菜和蛋白质的需求,而这些都是食品和营养安全所必需的。为了改善食品供应和社区健康,决策者应将社区观点纳入旨在改善一元店食品选择的工作中。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigenda for ‘Abstracts from NUTRITION 2024’ [Current Developments in Nutrition 8S2 (2024)] NUTRITION 2024 摘要"[Current Developments in Nutrition 8S2 (2024)] 勘误表
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104460
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引用次数: 0
Holistic Evaluation of the Gut Microbiota through Data Envelopment Analysis: A Cross-Sectional Study 通过数据包络分析全面评估肠道微生物群:横断面研究
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104469
Taizo Matsuki , Sho Nakamura , Minami Nishiyama , Hiroto Narimatsu

Background

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in human health, but maintaining a healthy gut microbiome remains challenging. Current approaches often focus on individual components rather than providing a holistic assessment.

Objectives

To introduce and evaluate a novel approach using data envelopment analysis (DEA) for assessing gut microbiota efficiency and identifying potential targets for personalized interventions.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 577 participants from the Kanagawa “ME-BYO” Prospective Cohort Study. Lifestyle factors and gut microbiota composition were assessed. DEA was employed to calculate an efficiency score for each participant, incorporating multiple inputs (lifestyle factors) and outputs (gut microbiotas). This score represents how efficiently an individual’s lifestyle factors contribute to their gut microbiota composition. Tobit regression analysis was used to assess associations between efficiency scores and demographic and health-related factors.

Results

The mean efficiency score was 0.86, with 14.2% of participants classified as efficient. Efficiency scores showed positive correlations with alcohol intake and Faith's phylogenetic diversity. Tobit regression analysis revealed significant associations between efficiency scores and sex, fat intake, and yogurt consumption. DEA identified specific targets for improving gut microbiota composition in inefficient individuals.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the potential of DEA as a tool for evaluating gut microbiota efficiency and providing personalized recommendations for microbiota optimization. This approach could lead to more effective strategies for optimizing gut health across diverse populations.
背景肠道微生物群在人类健康中发挥着至关重要的作用,但保持健康的肠道微生物群仍然具有挑战性。方法 我们对神奈川 "ME-BYO "前瞻性队列研究的 577 名参与者进行了横断面分析。对生活方式因素和肠道微生物群组成进行了评估。采用 DEA 计算每位参与者的效率得分,其中包含多个输入(生活方式因素)和输出(肠道微生物群)。该得分代表了个人的生活方式因素对其肠道微生物群组成的贡献效率。结果平均效率得分为 0.86,14.2% 的参与者被归类为有效率。效率得分与酒精摄入量和信仰的系统发育多样性呈正相关。托比特回归分析显示,效率得分与性别、脂肪摄入量和酸奶消费量之间存在显著关联。结论这项研究证明了 DEA 作为一种评估肠道微生物群效率和提供个性化微生物群优化建议的工具的潜力。这种方法可以为优化不同人群的肠道健康提供更有效的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Cross-National Study on the Convergent, Discriminant, and Concurrent Validity of the “Body Size Perception” Item in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Survey 关于学龄儿童健康行为调查中 "体型认知 "项目的收敛性、判别性和并发有效性的跨国研究
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104445
Manon Rouche , Thérésa Lebacq , Anna Dzielska , Colette Kelly , Saoirse Nic Gabhainn , Caroline Mertens , Katia Castetbon

Background

Despite its significant usefulness in adolescent health studies, the single-item “body size perception” question, developed within the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey, has yet to undergo multidimensional validation.

Objectives

To assess the convergent, divergent and concurrent validity of the HBSC body size perception question among adolescents.

Methods

The single-item HBSC body size perception question is as follows: “Do you think your body is…?,” with answers ranging from “much too thin” to “much too fat.” Fifteen-year-old participants included in the analysis were 72,086 from 45 HBSC countries in 2017/18 (concurrent validity), and 595, 127, and 615 in 2021/22 in French-speaking Belgium, Ireland, and Poland, respectively. The convergent, divergent, and concurrent validity was assessed with body dissatisfaction, social desirability, and selfesteem, respectively. The concurrent validity was also examined with body mass index (BMI) from the 2017/18 HBSC data. All analyses were sex-stratified.

Results

Cohen’s Kappa values were 0.67 [confidence interval (CI): 95%: 0.62, 0.72] and 0.64 (0.59, 0.69) for boys and girls, respectively, in all 3 countries together. Body size perception was associated with social desirability, selfesteem, and BMI, with a stronger association in girls than that in boys. For instance, girls with higher social desirability were less likely to perceive themselves as “too thin” [Relative Risk Ratio (RRR) = 0.78 (0.69, 0.89)] rather than as the “right size.” Boys with higher selfesteem were less likely to perceive themselves as “too fat” [0.93 (0.90, 0.97)] rather than the “right size.” Girls with underweight were less likely to perceive themselves as “too fat” [0.38 (0.34, 043)] rather than “right size” and girls with overweight/obesity were more likely to perceive themselves as such [8.19 (7.49, 8.95)].

Conclusions

The single-item HBSC body size perception question demonstrated good convergent, divergent, and concurrent validity. It reflects adolescents’ own perception of body size, possibly influenced by societal norms and ideals.

背景尽管 "体型感知 "单项问题在青少年健康研究中非常有用,但该问题是在学龄儿童健康行为调查(HBSC)中开发出来的,尚未经过多维验证。方法HBSC体型感知单项问题如下:"您认为您的身材好吗?"你认为自己的身体......吗?",答案范围从 "太瘦 "到 "太胖"。纳入分析的 15 岁参与者中,2017/18 年度有来自 45 个 HBSC 国家的 72086 人(同时有效性),2021/22 年度在比利时法语区、爱尔兰和波兰分别有 595 人、127 人和 615 人。对身体不满意度、社会期望值和自尊分别进行了收敛效度、发散效度和并发效度评估。同时效度还与2017/18年度HBSC数据中的身体质量指数(BMI)进行了检验。所有分析均按性别进行了分层。结果在所有3个国家中,男生和女生的Cohen's Kappa值分别为0.67[置信区间(CI):95%:0.62,0.72]和0.64(0.59,0.69)。体型感知与社会期望值、自尊和体重指数有关,女孩的相关性比男孩强。例如,社会期望值较高的女孩不太可能认为自己 "太瘦"[相对风险比(RRR)= 0.78 (0.69, 0.89)],而不是 "体型合适"。自尊心较强的男孩认为自己 "太胖"[0.93(0.90,0.97)]而不是 "体型合适 "的可能性较小。体重不足的女孩认为自己 "太胖"[0.38 (0.34, 043)]而不是 "体型合适 "的可能性较小,而超重/肥胖的女孩认为自己 "太胖"[8.19 (7.49, 8.95)]的可能性较大。它反映了青少年自己对体型的看法,可能受到了社会规范和理想的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Social Norms: A Missing Ingredient of Programs Seeking to Foster Women’s Agency in Nutrition 社会规范:旨在促进妇女在营养方面的自主权的计划中缺失的一个要素
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104440
Francine E Wood , Katherine L Dickin , Lisa Sherburne , Mariam Diakite , Abdoulkader Boubacar , Meghan Pollak , Rebecka Lundgren

Social expectations play a crucial role in shaping dietary practices among women and children. However, despite significant attention to promoting social and behavioral change in nutrition-focused programs and research, the influence of social norms on women’s agency in enhancing nutrition practices is often overlooked. In this perspective, we advocate for a paradigm shift by incorporating a “norms aware” approach. This underscores the importance of recognizing, measuring, and addressing the societal constraints and barriers that women and children encounter in their journey to improved nutrition. Drawing on insights from the United States Agency for International Development-funded Kulawa project in Niger, we highlight the implications of using social norms diagnosis tools to understand the contextual dynamics within child-feeding practices, informing intervention design, and targeted populations. Integrating a norms perspective into nutrition programming and research does not require an overhaul, but rather a nuanced application of understanding of contextual drivers, such as social norms and agency, that have been underemphasized. We delve into the role of the socio-ecologic system, underscore the importance of addressing power imbalances related to gender and social hierarchy, and emphasize that programs targeting norms should aim for community rather than individual-level change. We provide guidance for programs and research integrating a norms perspective, as well as examples of how tools, such as the Social Norms Exploration Tool and Social Norms Analysis Plot framework, can be applied to identify and prioritize social norms, facilitating the design of “norms aware” programs. Additionally, we highlight the critical role of community engagement and discuss the value of using qualitative and quantitative approaches to document the process and outcomes of social norms research, program design, and implementation. When we recognize the role of social norms in nutrition as a missing ingredient in nutrition research, programming, and social and behavior change strategies, we create opportunities for more effective and contextually relevant research and interventions that address the complexities of enhancing nutrition practices among women and children.

社会期望对妇女和儿童饮食习惯的形成起着至关重要的作用。然而,尽管在以营养为重点的计划和研究中对促进社会和行为变化给予了极大的关注,但社会规范对妇女加强营养实践的影响却常常被忽视。从这一角度出发,我们主张通过纳入 "规范意识 "方法来实现模式转变。这强调了认识、衡量和解决妇女和儿童在改善营养过程中遇到的社会限制和障碍的重要性。根据美国国际开发署资助的尼日尔 Kulawa 项目的经验,我们强调了使用社会规范诊断工具来了解儿童喂养实践中的背景动态、干预设计和目标人群的意义。将社会规范视角融入营养计划和研究并不需要大刀阔斧的改革,而是需要细致入微地应用对社会规范和机构等背景驱动因素的理解,这些因素一直未得到足够重视。我们深入探讨了社会生态系统的作用,强调了解决与性别和社会等级相关的权力不平衡问题的重要性,并强调针对规范的计划应以社区而非个人层面的变化为目标。我们为纳入规范视角的计划和研究提供指导,并举例说明如何应用社会规范探索工具和社会规范分析 Plot 框架等工具来识别社会规范并确定其优先次序,从而促进 "规范意识 "计划的设计。此外,我们还强调了社区参与的关键作用,并讨论了使用定性和定量方法记录社会规范研究、计划设计和实施的过程和结果的价值。当我们认识到社会规范在营养研究、计划制定以及社会和行为改变策略中的作用时,我们就能创造机会,开展更有效、更贴近实际情况的研究和干预活动,解决妇女和儿童营养实践中的复杂问题。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of Milk and Beverage Intake Trends During Preschool Age and Modeling the Nutritional Impact of Replacing Nondairy Caloric Beverages with Milk 学龄前儿童牛奶和饮料摄入趋势评估以及用牛奶替代非乳热量饮料的营养影响建模
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104436
Kristin Ricklefs-Johnson , Matthew A Pikosky , Christopher J Cifelli , Kristin Fulgoni , Victor L Fulgoni III , Sanjiv Agarwal

Background

Milk provides essential crucial public health nutrients, including 3–4 nutrients of public health concern, yet dairy consumption has declined over time, leading most Americans to fall short of meeting Dietary Guidelines recommendations.

Objectives

To investigate milk and beverage consumption trends in preschool-age children, along with nutrient intakes from beverages, and to analyze the potential impact of replacing nondairy beverages with milk through isocaloric substitution.

Methods

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2018 for children aged 1–5 y (n = 4696) were used, and milk and other beverages intakes were estimated from the first 24-h in-person dietary recall. Nutrient intakes were determined using the United States Department of Agriculture’s food and nutrient database for dietary studies. Changes in nutrient intakes of children aged 2–5 y were modeled assuming isocaloric substitution with milk of all nondairy beverages consumed during lunch and dinner combined. Sample-weighted analyses were performed using SAS 9.4, and significance was set at P < 0.01.

Results

With the increasing age of children, the intake of milk decreased, whereas the intake of energy, caloric beverages excluding milk, and sugar-sweetened beverages increased. Daily intakes of energy, protein, fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA), calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, vitamin A, folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin D from caloric beverages including milk decreased with age, whereas the daily intake of fiber and added sugar increased with age. With the isocaloric replacement of nondairy caloric beverages with milk at lunch and dinner among children aged 2–5 y, intake of protein, fat, SFAs, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, vitamin A, folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin D increased, whereas for intake of carbohydrate, fiber, total sugar, and added sugar decreased.

Conclusions

The current findings indicate that increased efforts are needed to reverse the decrease in milk intake over time and as preschool children age and provide additional evidence to support specific dietary recommendations for milk.

背景牛奶提供了公众健康所必需的重要营养素,其中包括 3-4 种公众健康关注的营养素,但随着时间的推移,乳制品的消费量却在下降,导致大多数美国人无法达到膳食指南的建议。方法 采用2001-2018年全国健康与营养状况调查中1-5岁儿童的数据(n = 4696),并通过首次24小时亲自膳食回顾估算牛奶和其他饮料的摄入量。营养素摄入量是通过美国农业部的膳食研究食品和营养素数据库确定的。2-5 岁儿童营养素摄入量的变化是假定用牛奶等热量替代午餐和晚餐期间饮用的所有非乳制品饮料而模拟得出的。结果随着儿童年龄的增长,牛奶的摄入量减少,而能量、除牛奶以外的热量饮料和含糖饮料的摄入量增加。每天从包括牛奶在内的热量饮料中摄入的能量、蛋白质、脂肪、饱和脂肪酸、钙、镁、钾、钠、维生素 A、叶酸、维生素 B-12 和维生素 D 随年龄增长而减少,而每天摄入的纤维和添加糖则随年龄增长而增加。在 2-5 岁儿童的午餐和晚餐中用牛奶等热量替代非乳热饮后,蛋白质、脂肪、SFAs、钙、镁、钾、钠、维生素 A、叶酸、维生素 B-12 和维生素 D 的摄入量增加,而碳水化合物、纤维、总糖和添加糖的摄入量减少。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Propolis Consumption on Liver Enzymes and Obesity Indices in Adults: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis 食用蜂胶对成人肝脏酶和肥胖指数的影响:系统回顾与剂量反应荟萃分析
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104438
Mohsen Aliakbarian , Mostafa Shahraki Jazinaki , Hossein Bahari , Mohammad Rashidmayvan , Haniyeh Golafrouz , Rozita Khodashahi , Naseh Pahlavani

Background

Propolis, a natural resin produced by bees, has been studied for its potential effects on liver enzymes and obesity indices. However, a meta-analysis is necessary to comprehensively understand the impact of propolis on obesity and liver function.

Objectives

This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) sought to evaluate the effects of propolis consumption on liver enzymes and obesity indices in adults.

Methods

A systematic literature search up to December 2023 was completed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify eligible RCTs. Heterogeneity tests of the selected trials were performed using the I2 statistic. Random-effects models were assessed on the basis of the heterogeneity tests, and pooled data were determined as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

A pooled analysis of 24 trials showed that propolis consumption led to a significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (WMD: −2.58; 95% CI: −4.64, −0.52; P = 0.01), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (WMD: −1.84; 95% CI: −3.01, −0.67; P = 0.002), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (WMD: −24.90; 95% CI: −42.13, −7.67; P = 0.005) in comparison with the control group. However, there were no significant effects on gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), body weight, BMI (in kg/m2), fat mass, body fat percentage, fat-free mass, adiponectin, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist–hip ratio in comparison with the control group.

Conclusions

We discovered that consuming propolis can lead to a significant decrease in ALT, AST, and ALP levels, without causing significant changes in GGT, anthropometric indices, and adiponectin levels. However, future well-designed RCTs with large numbers of participants and extended durations, focusing on precise propolis dosage and ingredients, are necessary.

背景蜂胶是一种由蜜蜂生产的天然树脂,其对肝酶和肥胖指数的潜在影响已被研究过。然而,为了全面了解蜂胶对肥胖和肝功能的影响,有必要进行一项荟萃分析。方法在PubMed/Medline、Scopus和Web of Science上完成了一项截至2023年12月的系统文献检索,以确定符合条件的RCTs。使用 I2 统计量对所选试验进行异质性检验。结果 24项试验的汇总分析表明,服用蜂胶可显著降低丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)(WMD:-2.58;95% CI:-4.64,-0.52;P = 0.01)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)(WMD:-1.84;95% CI:-3.01,-0.67;P = 0.002)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)(WMD:-24.90;95% CI:-42.13,-7.67;P = 0.005)。然而,与对照组相比,蜂胶对γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、体重、体重指数(以千克/平方米为单位)、脂肪量、体脂百分比、无脂肪量、脂联素、腰围、臀围和腰臀比(以千克/平方米为单位)均无明显影响。然而,未来有必要进行设计良好的研究性试验,以大量参与者和较长的持续时间为基础,重点关注蜂胶的精确剂量和成分。
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引用次数: 0
Metabolomic Profile Alterations Associated with the SLC16A11 Risk Haplotype Following a Lifestyle Intervention in People With Prediabetes 糖尿病前期患者接受生活方式干预后与 SLC16A11 风险单倍型相关的代谢组学特征改变
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104444
Magdalena Sevilla-González , Maria Fernanda Garibay-Gutiérrez , Arsenio Vargas-Vázquez , Andrea Celeste Medina-García , Maria Luisa Ordoñez-Sánchez , Clary B Clish , Paloma Almeda-Valdes , Teresa Tusie-Luna

Background

A risk haplotype in SLC16A11 characterized by alterations in fatty acid metabolism emerged as a genetic risk factor associated with increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexican population. Its role on treatment responses is not well understood.

Objectives

We aimed to determine the impact of the risk haplotype on the metabolomic profile during a lifestyle intervention (LSI).

Methods

We recruited Mexican-mestizo individuals with ≥1 prediabetes criteria according to the American Diabetes Association with a body mass index between 25 and 45 kg/m2. We conducted a 24-wk quasiexperimental LSI study for diabetes prevention. Here, we compared longitudinal plasma liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry metabolomic changes between carriers and noncarriers. We analyzed the association of risk haplotype with metabolites leveraging repeated assessments using multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models.

Results

Before the intervention, carriers (N = 21) showed higher concentrations of hippurate, C16 carnitine, glycine, and cinnamoylglycine. After 24 wk of LSI, carriers exhibited a deleterious metabolomic profile. This profile was characterized by increased concentrations of hippurate, cinnamoglycine, xanthosine, N-acetylputrescine, L-acetylcarnitine, ceramide (d18:1/24:1), and decreased concentrations of citrulline and phosphatidylethanolamine. These metabolites were associated with higher concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The effect of LSI on the risk haplotype was notably more pronounced in its impact on 2 metabolites: methylmalonylcarnitine (β: −0.56; P-interaction = 0.014) and betaine (β: −0.64; P-interaction = 0.017). Interestingly, lower consumption across visits of polyunsaturated (β: −0.038; P = 0.017) fatty acids were associated with higher concentrations of methylmalonylcarnitine. Covariates for adjustment across models included age, sex, genetic ancestry principal components, and body mass index.

Conclusions

Our study highlights the persistence of deleterious metabolomic patterns associated with the risk haplotype before and during a 24-wk LSI. We also emphasize the potential regulatory role of polyunsaturated fatty acids on methylmalonylcarnitine concentrations suggesting a route for improving interventions for individuals with high-genetic risk.

背景在墨西哥人群中,以脂肪酸代谢改变为特征的 SLC16A11 风险单倍型已成为与 2 型糖尿病(T2D)易感性增加相关的遗传风险因素。我们招募了符合美国糖尿病协会糖尿病前期标准且体重指数在 25 至 45 kg/m2 之间的墨西哥混血人。我们进行了为期 24 周的预防糖尿病 LSI 准实验研究。在此,我们比较了携带者和非携带者的纵向血浆液相色谱/质谱代谢组变化。结果在干预前,携带者(N = 21)的海马酸盐、C16肉碱、甘氨酸和肉桂酰甘氨酸浓度较高。经过 24 周的 LSI 后,携带者表现出有害的代谢组学特征。这种代谢组学特征是海马酸盐、肉桂酰甘氨酸、黄嘌呤核苷、N-乙酰putrescine、L-乙酰肉碱、神经酰胺(d18:1/24:1)浓度增加,瓜氨酸和磷脂酰乙醇胺浓度降低。这些代谢物与总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高有关。LSI 对风险单倍型的影响主要体现在对两种代谢物的影响上:甲基丙二酰肉碱(β:-0.56;P-交互作用 = 0.014)和甜菜碱(β:-0.64;P-交互作用 = 0.017)。有趣的是,多不饱和脂肪酸(β:-0.038;P = 0.017)的各次消耗量较低与甲基丙二酰肉碱浓度较高有关。我们的研究强调了在 24 周 LSI 之前和期间与风险单倍型相关的有害代谢组学模式的持续性。我们还强调了多不饱和脂肪酸对甲基丙二酰肉碱浓度的潜在调节作用,这为改善对高遗传风险个体的干预提供了一条途径。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, Prevalence, and Consequences of Dietary Supplements Intake among Iranian Bodybuilders 伊朗健美运动员对膳食补充剂摄入的了解、流行程度及后果
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104437
Yasaman Bajool, Mohammad Hemmatinafar, Farhad Daryanoosh, Nima Jahaniboushehri, Zeinab Jahan, Babak Imanian

Background

This study investigated the nutritional knowledge and prevalence of dietary supplements (DSs) among Iranian bodybuilders.

Methods

This cross-sectional research study involved sampling 648 bodybuilding clubs in Iran. A researcher distributed questionnaires among clubs in various regions and analyzed categorical variables, DS, nutritional knowledge, and sports nutrition data from 160 bodybuilders aged 18 and above in Iran. The analysis was conducted using the results obtained from a quantitative questionnaire.

Results

There was a significant relationship between DS use and gender (P = 0.001, r = 0.330, males > females), bodybuilding history (P = 0.045; r = 0.158), and exercise sessions/wk (P = 0.050, r = 0.156). Whey protein (45.6%) and branched-chain amino acid (33.7%), vitamin D (50%), caffeine (34.3%), and generally vitamin C (56.2%) were the most common DS used. The most information sources for bodybuilders regarding DS were fitness coaches (35.6%) and registered dietitians/nutritionists (34.3%). Drug stores (36.7%) and fitness coaches (19.3%) were the most prominent sources for purchasing DS. Increasing performance (54.3%), increasing the need for DS through exercise (53.6%), preventing injury, and improving recovery (36.2%) were the most important reasons to consume DS. Skin problems (21.0%), increased liver enzymes (10.8%), and hair loss (9.4%) were the most common side effects of DS use. Total nutritional knowledge (macronutrients, micronutrients, and sports nutrition) was 58.6%.

Conclusions

This study concluded that fitness coaches and registered dietitians/nutritionists were the most common information sources for bodybuilders. It also revealed a moderate level of nutrition knowledge among bodybuilders. The most commonly used DS were vitamins C, D, and whey protein. Also, gender, bodybuilding history, and exercise sessions had a significant relationship with the prevalence of DS. However, the study also revealed some concerning findings; bodybuilders commonly experienced adverse side effects such as skin rashes, increased liver enzymes, and hair loss.
背景这项研究调查了伊朗健美运动员的营养知识和膳食补充剂(DSs)的使用率。方法这项横断面研究对伊朗 648 家健美俱乐部进行了抽样调查。研究人员在不同地区的俱乐部中发放了调查问卷,并对伊朗 160 名 18 岁及以上健美运动员的分类变量、膳食补充剂、营养知识和运动营养数据进行了分析。结果DS的使用与性别(P = 0.001,r = 0.330,男性> 女性)、健美历史(P = 0.045;r = 0.158)和运动次数/周(P = 0.050,r = 0.156)之间存在显著关系。乳清蛋白(45.6%)和支链氨基酸(33.7%)、维生素 D(50%)、咖啡因(34.3%)和维生素 C(56.2%)是最常用的 DS。健美运动员关于 DS 的最多信息来源是健身教练(35.6%)和注册营养师/营养学家(34.3%)。药店(36.7%)和健身教练(19.3%)是购买 DS 的最主要来源。提高运动成绩(54.3%)、通过运动增加对 DS 的需求(53.6%)、预防受伤和改善恢复(36.2%)是消费 DS 的最重要原因。皮肤问题(21.0%)、肝酶升高(10.8%)和脱发(9.4%)是服用 DS 最常见的副作用。这项研究的结论是,健身教练和注册营养师/营养学家是健美运动员最常见的信息来源。研究还显示,健美运动员的营养知识水平处于中等水平。最常用的 DS 是维生素 C、D 和乳清蛋白。此外,性别、健美历史和锻炼次数与DS的使用率也有显著关系。不过,研究也发现了一些令人担忧的问题;健美运动员普遍出现了不良副作用,如皮疹、肝酶升高和脱发。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Current Developments in Nutrition
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