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Shifting Trend of Protein Consumption in Southeast Asia: Toward Health, Innovation, and Sustainability 东南亚蛋白质消费的变化趋势:走向健康、创新和可持续性
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104443
Alvin Surya Tjahyo , Jia Yee Wu , Geoffry Smith , Cecilia Acuin , Andrea B Maier , Shaun Yong Jie Sim , Reshma Taneja , Sumanto Haldar , Christiani Jeyakumar Henry
Complementing discourse following a February 2023 event on dietary protein needs in Southeast Asia (SEA), this symposium report summarizes the region’s protein intake, while simultaneously examining the impact of dietary shift toward complementary and alternative proteins and their health implications. It highlights the importance of protein quality in dietary evaluations, optimal intake, and sustainability, advocating for environmentally conscious protein production and innovation in future foods. Discussion points, expert opinions, national nutrition data, and relevant literature, addressing protein intake and quality, their impact on human health, and various technologies for future foods production, have been included. Despite increased protein supply in SEA, protein requirements, particularly during crucial life stages, are often unmet owing to insufficient focus on protein quality. Factoring in amino acids content and bioaccessibility are crucial for assessing nutritional requirement and sustainability evaluations, rather than solely relying on protein quantity alone. Different food sources of protein also have different key conutrients for health relevance such as vitamin B-12 and ω-3 fatty acids. Innovations in food structure, processing, and technology are key to developing nutritious, sustainable, and appealing future foods, including from complementary and alternative protein sources, while considering safety aspects, especially allergenicity. Addressing protein needs in SEA requires a dual focus on protein quantity and quality, underlining the role of public health policies and guidelines that consider key nutritional differences of animal-source and plant-based proteins. To address regional demands, future food innovations should aim at creating unique yet needful food categories or supplementing current existing sources, rather than mimicking current products.
作为对 2023 年 2 月东南亚(SEA)膳食蛋白质需求会议讨论的补充,本研讨会报告总结了该地区的蛋白质摄入量,同时探讨了膳食向补充蛋白质和替代蛋白质转变的影响及其对健康的影响。报告强调了蛋白质质量在膳食评估、最佳摄入量和可持续性方面的重要性,倡导未来食品中具有环保意识的蛋白质生产和创新。讨论要点、专家意见、国家营养数据和相关文献都涉及蛋白质的摄入量和质量、它们对人类健康的影响以及未来食品生产的各种技术。尽管东南亚地区的蛋白质供应量有所增加,但由于对蛋白质质量的关注不够,蛋白质需求量,尤其是关键生命阶段的蛋白质需求量往往得不到满足。考虑氨基酸含量和生物可利用性对于评估营养需求和可持续性评价至关重要,而不能仅仅依赖蛋白质数量。不同食物来源的蛋白质也具有不同的健康关键营养素,如维生素 B-12 和 ω-3 脂肪酸。食品结构、加工和技术方面的创新是开发营养丰富、可持续和有吸引力的未来食品的关键,包括来自补充和替代蛋白质来源的食品,同时要考虑到安全问题,特别是过敏性。要满足东南亚地区对蛋白质的需求,就必须同时关注蛋白质的数量和质量,强调公共卫生政策和指导方针的作用,考虑动物源蛋白质和植物源蛋白质在营养方面的主要差异。为满足地区需求,未来的食品创新应着眼于创造独特但有需求的食品类别或补充现有来源,而不是模仿现有产品。
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引用次数: 0
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Dietary Intake and Quality Among United States Veterans 美国退伍军人膳食摄入量和质量的种族和民族差异
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104461
Xuan-Mai T Nguyen , Yanping Li , Stacey B Whitbourne , Luc Djousse , Dong D Wang , Kerry Ivey , Walter C Willett , John Michael Gaziano , Kelly Cho , Frank B Hu , VA Million Veteran Program

Background

Dietary quality plays an important role in disease development and prognosis, and diet is also a key contributor to disparities in many chronic diseases and health conditions.

Objectives

This study aimed to assess racial and ethnic disparities experienced by veterans; we examined food intake and dietary quality across different racial and ethnic groups of United States veterans.

Methods

The study included 420,730 males and females aged 19–107 y (91.2% males) enrolled in the Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program with plausible dietary intake measured by food frequency questionnaire. Dietary quality was evaluated with dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) score. Dietary intakes of various race and ethnicity groups were standardized to the age distribution of non-Hispanic White participants, separately for males and females. Differences across race and ethnicity groups were compared using general linear regression models after adjustment for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors as well as military service.

Results

Compared to non-Hispanic White males, non-Hispanic Black males had a relatively lower DASH score, higher red and processed meats, higher sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and lower low-fat dairy intakes. Non-Hispanic Asian males had a relatively higher DASH score as compared to non-Hispanic White males with relatively higher intakes of fruits and vegetables and relatively lower intakes of sodium, red meat and SSBs. Age-standardized DASH scores of Hispanic males and “Other” race/ethnicity groups were not statistically different from non-Hispanic White males. Similar race and ethnicity dietary patterns were found in females, although not all reached a statistically significant level.

Conclusions

A modest difference in overall dietary quality (i.e., DASH score) was observed, but unique differences in food preferences across the different racial/ethnic groups were identified. Findings from our study may provide insight for the potential development of specific interventions to help address nutritional disparities experienced among veterans.
背景膳食质量在疾病的发生和预后中起着重要作用,膳食也是造成许多慢性疾病和健康状况差异的一个关键因素。目标本研究旨在评估退伍军人所经历的种族和民族差异;我们检查了美国退伍军人中不同种族和民族群体的食物摄入量和膳食质量。方法该研究纳入了 420,730 名年龄在 19-107 岁之间的男性和女性(91.2% 为男性),他们都参加了退伍军人事务百万退伍军人计划,并通过食物频率问卷调查测量了合理的饮食摄入量。膳食质量通过膳食高血压防治方法(DASH)评分进行评估。根据非西班牙裔白人参与者的年龄分布,对不同种族和民族群体的膳食摄入量进行了标准化处理,男性和女性分别进行了标准化处理。结果与非西班牙裔白人男性相比,非西班牙裔黑人男性的 DASH 评分相对较低,红肉和加工肉类的摄入量较高,含糖饮料 (SSB) 的摄入量较高,低脂乳制品的摄入量较低。与非西班牙裔白人男性相比,非西班牙裔亚裔男性的 DASH 得分相对较高,水果和蔬菜的摄入量相对较高,钠、红肉和含糖饮料的摄入量相对较低。西班牙裔男性和 "其他 "种族/族裔群体的年龄标准化 DASH 得分与非西班牙裔白人男性没有统计学差异。结论 在总体饮食质量(即 DASH 分数)方面观察到的差异不大,但不同种族/族裔群体在食物偏好方面存在独特的差异。我们的研究结果可为潜在的特定干预措施的开发提供启示,以帮助解决退伍军人中存在的营养差异问题。
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引用次数: 0
National Policies to Limit Nutrients, Ingredients, or Categories of Concern in School Meals: A Global Scoping Review 限制学校膳食中营养素、成分或关注类别的国家政策:全球范围审查
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104456
Emily A Busey , Grace Chamberlin , Kayla Mardin , Michelle Perry , Lindsey Smith Taillie , Francesca R Dillman Carpentier , Barry M Popkin
The school food environment is a key intervention point for influencing children’s and adolescents’ diets. As more countries establish school meal programs to provide critical nourishment to students, establishing standards for the foods served can increase the consumption of key nutrients and limit the consumption of foods that do not build health. This global scoping review explores the prevalence and basic characteristics of national policies that regulate food served through school meals across 193 countries, particularly by restricting the provision of categories, nutrients, or ingredients of nutritional concern. We gathered evidence from policy databases, grey literature, peer-reviewed literature, and primary policy documents. We included nationally mandated policies that included restrictions on categories, nutrients, or ingredients of concern served in school meals. Policies that were sub-national, voluntary, and/or did not include restrictive language were excluded from this review. Data was collected in research electronic data capture then extracted into Microsoft Excel and analyzed for policy frequency, prevalence by world region or country income group, and prevalence of certain policy characteristics. Globally, only 15% of countries were found to have a national-level policy restricting foods served through school meals in some capacity, including either nutritional or categorical restrictions. The majority of these policies were found in high-income countries, and no low-income countries had a policy meeting inclusion criteria. Policies in Latin-American and Caribbean countries limited the content of more nutrients of concern than in other regions. Although many policies included explicit guidelines to monitor implementation, few outlined mechanisms for policy enforcement. Future research should evaluate the impact of various school meal regulatory approaches, including implementation of similar policies at sub-national levels, and other elements that affect the impact of school meal programs, such as procurement, infrastructure, costs to school and to students and their families, and acceptability and consumption of foods provided.
学校食品环境是影响儿童和青少年饮食的关键干预点。随着越来越多的国家制定学校供餐计划,为学生提供重要的营养,制定供餐食品标准可以增加关键营养素的摄入量,限制不利于健康的食品的摄入量。这篇全球范围的综述探讨了 193 个国家规范学校供餐食品的国家政策的普遍性和基本特征,特别是限制提供营养问题类别、营养素或配料的政策。我们从政策数据库、灰色文献、同行评审文献和主要政策文件中收集证据。我们纳入了国家强制政策,其中包括对学校膳食中提供的有关类别、营养素或成分的限制。次国家级、自愿性和/或不包含限制性语言的政策不在本次审查范围内。通过研究电子数据采集收集数据,然后提取到 Microsoft Excel 中,并对政策频率、按世界地区或国家收入组别划分的普遍性以及某些政策特征的普遍性进行分析。研究发现,在全球范围内,只有 15%的国家制定了国家级政策,对学校供餐中的食品进行某种限制,包括营养限制或分类限制。这些政策大多出现在高收入国家,没有一个低收入国家的政策符合纳入标准。与其他地区相比,拉丁美洲和加勒比地区国家的政策限制了更多营养素的含量。尽管许多政策都包含明确的监督实施准则,但很少有政策概述了政策执行机制。未来的研究应评估各种学校膳食监管方法的影响,包括在国家以下各级实施类似政策的情况,以及影响学校膳食计划影响的其他因素,如采购、基础设施、学校和学生及其家庭的成本,以及所提供食品的可接受性和消费量。
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引用次数: 0
TEMPORARY REMOVAL: Corrigendum to ‘Implications of Vitamin D Research in Chickens can Advance Human Nutrition and Perspectives for the Future’ [Current Developments in Nutrition Volume 5 (2021) nzab018] 鸡体内维生素 D 研究对人类营养的影响及未来展望》[《营养学最新进展》第 5 卷 (2021) nzab018] 更正
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102125
The publisher regrets that this article has been temporarily removed. A replacement will appear as soon as possible in which the reason for the removal of the article will be specified, or the article will be reinstated.
The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal.
出版商很遗憾这篇文章被暂时撤下。爱思唯尔的 "文章撤稿政策 "全文可在 https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal 上查阅。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigenda for ‘Abstracts from NUTRITION 2024’ [Current Developments in Nutrition 8S2 (2024)] NUTRITION 2024 摘要"[Current Developments in Nutrition 8S2 (2024)] 勘误表
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104460
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引用次数: 0
“The Dollar Store Got It Going On”: Understanding Food Shopping Patterns and Policy Preferences among Dollar Store Shoppers with Low Incomes "一元店里有好东西":了解低收入一元店购物者的食品购物模式和政策偏好
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104457
Alexandria E Reimold , Marissa G Hall , Shu Wen Ng , Lindsey Smith Taillie , Kurt M Ribisl , Emile L Charles , Shelley D Golden

Background

The growing dollar store sector has raised concerns about nutrition and associated health outcomes, especially for low-income communities who disproportionately rely on dollar stores. Perspectives of dollar store shoppers are largely absent.

Objective

This study aimed to understand why low-income shoppers choose to purchase food from dollar stores and what store changes, policies, and programs would make it easier for them to purchase healthier items.

Methods

In May–June 2023, we conducted interviews with 19 dollar store shoppers in an urban county in North Carolina. We used thematic analysis and the framework method to identify emergent patterns and themes across responses.

Results

Individuals relied on dollar stores because of the affordable prices and convenient locations. In order of frequency, most participants purchased candy and snacks from dollar stores, followed by meat, fruits, and vegetables. Participants wanted more fruits, vegetables, and higher quality proteins at dollar stores and supported policies that increase access to healthier options via increased purchasing power, increased access to a mobile farmers’ market, marketing that identifies nutritionally healthy products, and improved access to other store types. Responses to removing unhealthy items from checkout areas were mixed.

Conclusions

Dollar stores are affordable and convenient food retailers for people with low incomes. However, dollar stores are not meeting demand for fruits, vegetables, and proteins, items necessary for food and nutrition security. To improve food access and community health, decision makers should incorporate community perspectives into efforts aimed at improving dollar store food options.
背景日益增长的一元店行业引起了人们对营养和相关健康结果的关注,尤其是对低收入社区而言,他们对一元店的依赖程度更高。本研究旨在了解低收入购物者为何选择在一元店购买食品,以及哪些商店变化、政策和项目会使他们更容易购买到更健康的商品。方法 2023 年 5-6 月,我们在北卡罗来纳州的一个城市县对 19 名一元店购物者进行了访谈。我们使用了主题分析和框架法来确定不同回答中出现的模式和主题。结果由于一元店价格实惠、位置方便,因此个人非常依赖一元店。按频率排序,大多数参与者在一元店购买糖果和零食,其次是肉类、水果和蔬菜。参与者希望在一元店购买更多的水果、蔬菜和更优质的蛋白质,并支持通过提高购买力、增加进入流动农贸市场的机会、开展识别营养健康产品的营销活动以及改善进入其他类型商店的机会来增加获得更健康选择机会的政策。对于将不健康商品从收银区移除的意见不一。然而,一元店并不能满足人们对水果、蔬菜和蛋白质的需求,而这些都是食品和营养安全所必需的。为了改善食品供应和社区健康,决策者应将社区观点纳入旨在改善一元店食品选择的工作中。
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引用次数: 0
Holistic Evaluation of the Gut Microbiota through Data Envelopment Analysis: A Cross-Sectional Study 通过数据包络分析全面评估肠道微生物群:横断面研究
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104469
Taizo Matsuki , Sho Nakamura , Minami Nishiyama , Hiroto Narimatsu

Background

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in human health, but maintaining a healthy gut microbiome remains challenging. Current approaches often focus on individual components rather than providing a holistic assessment.

Objectives

To introduce and evaluate a novel approach using data envelopment analysis (DEA) for assessing gut microbiota efficiency and identifying potential targets for personalized interventions.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 577 participants from the Kanagawa “ME-BYO” Prospective Cohort Study. Lifestyle factors and gut microbiota composition were assessed. DEA was employed to calculate an efficiency score for each participant, incorporating multiple inputs (lifestyle factors) and outputs (gut microbiotas). This score represents how efficiently an individual’s lifestyle factors contribute to their gut microbiota composition. Tobit regression analysis was used to assess associations between efficiency scores and demographic and health-related factors.

Results

The mean efficiency score was 0.86, with 14.2% of participants classified as efficient. Efficiency scores showed positive correlations with alcohol intake and Faith's phylogenetic diversity. Tobit regression analysis revealed significant associations between efficiency scores and sex, fat intake, and yogurt consumption. DEA identified specific targets for improving gut microbiota composition in inefficient individuals.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the potential of DEA as a tool for evaluating gut microbiota efficiency and providing personalized recommendations for microbiota optimization. This approach could lead to more effective strategies for optimizing gut health across diverse populations.
背景肠道微生物群在人类健康中发挥着至关重要的作用,但保持健康的肠道微生物群仍然具有挑战性。方法 我们对神奈川 "ME-BYO "前瞻性队列研究的 577 名参与者进行了横断面分析。对生活方式因素和肠道微生物群组成进行了评估。采用 DEA 计算每位参与者的效率得分,其中包含多个输入(生活方式因素)和输出(肠道微生物群)。该得分代表了个人的生活方式因素对其肠道微生物群组成的贡献效率。结果平均效率得分为 0.86,14.2% 的参与者被归类为有效率。效率得分与酒精摄入量和信仰的系统发育多样性呈正相关。托比特回归分析显示,效率得分与性别、脂肪摄入量和酸奶消费量之间存在显著关联。结论这项研究证明了 DEA 作为一种评估肠道微生物群效率和提供个性化微生物群优化建议的工具的潜力。这种方法可以为优化不同人群的肠道健康提供更有效的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Cross-National Study on the Convergent, Discriminant, and Concurrent Validity of the “Body Size Perception” Item in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Survey 关于学龄儿童健康行为调查中 "体型认知 "项目的收敛性、判别性和并发有效性的跨国研究
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104445
Manon Rouche , Thérésa Lebacq , Anna Dzielska , Colette Kelly , Saoirse Nic Gabhainn , Caroline Mertens , Katia Castetbon

Background

Despite its significant usefulness in adolescent health studies, the single-item “body size perception” question, developed within the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey, has yet to undergo multidimensional validation.

Objectives

To assess the convergent, divergent and concurrent validity of the HBSC body size perception question among adolescents.

Methods

The single-item HBSC body size perception question is as follows: “Do you think your body is…?,” with answers ranging from “much too thin” to “much too fat.” Fifteen-year-old participants included in the analysis were 72,086 from 45 HBSC countries in 2017/18 (concurrent validity), and 595, 127, and 615 in 2021/22 in French-speaking Belgium, Ireland, and Poland, respectively. The convergent, divergent, and concurrent validity was assessed with body dissatisfaction, social desirability, and selfesteem, respectively. The concurrent validity was also examined with body mass index (BMI) from the 2017/18 HBSC data. All analyses were sex-stratified.

Results

Cohen’s Kappa values were 0.67 [confidence interval (CI): 95%: 0.62, 0.72] and 0.64 (0.59, 0.69) for boys and girls, respectively, in all 3 countries together. Body size perception was associated with social desirability, selfesteem, and BMI, with a stronger association in girls than that in boys. For instance, girls with higher social desirability were less likely to perceive themselves as “too thin” [Relative Risk Ratio (RRR) = 0.78 (0.69, 0.89)] rather than as the “right size.” Boys with higher selfesteem were less likely to perceive themselves as “too fat” [0.93 (0.90, 0.97)] rather than the “right size.” Girls with underweight were less likely to perceive themselves as “too fat” [0.38 (0.34, 043)] rather than “right size” and girls with overweight/obesity were more likely to perceive themselves as such [8.19 (7.49, 8.95)].

Conclusions

The single-item HBSC body size perception question demonstrated good convergent, divergent, and concurrent validity. It reflects adolescents’ own perception of body size, possibly influenced by societal norms and ideals.

背景尽管 "体型感知 "单项问题在青少年健康研究中非常有用,但该问题是在学龄儿童健康行为调查(HBSC)中开发出来的,尚未经过多维验证。方法HBSC体型感知单项问题如下:"您认为您的身材好吗?"你认为自己的身体......吗?",答案范围从 "太瘦 "到 "太胖"。纳入分析的 15 岁参与者中,2017/18 年度有来自 45 个 HBSC 国家的 72086 人(同时有效性),2021/22 年度在比利时法语区、爱尔兰和波兰分别有 595 人、127 人和 615 人。对身体不满意度、社会期望值和自尊分别进行了收敛效度、发散效度和并发效度评估。同时效度还与2017/18年度HBSC数据中的身体质量指数(BMI)进行了检验。所有分析均按性别进行了分层。结果在所有3个国家中,男生和女生的Cohen's Kappa值分别为0.67[置信区间(CI):95%:0.62,0.72]和0.64(0.59,0.69)。体型感知与社会期望值、自尊和体重指数有关,女孩的相关性比男孩强。例如,社会期望值较高的女孩不太可能认为自己 "太瘦"[相对风险比(RRR)= 0.78 (0.69, 0.89)],而不是 "体型合适"。自尊心较强的男孩认为自己 "太胖"[0.93(0.90,0.97)]而不是 "体型合适 "的可能性较小。体重不足的女孩认为自己 "太胖"[0.38 (0.34, 043)]而不是 "体型合适 "的可能性较小,而超重/肥胖的女孩认为自己 "太胖"[8.19 (7.49, 8.95)]的可能性较大。它反映了青少年自己对体型的看法,可能受到了社会规范和理想的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Social Norms: A Missing Ingredient of Programs Seeking to Foster Women’s Agency in Nutrition 社会规范:旨在促进妇女在营养方面的自主权的计划中缺失的一个要素
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104440
Francine E Wood , Katherine L Dickin , Lisa Sherburne , Mariam Diakite , Abdoulkader Boubacar , Meghan Pollak , Rebecka Lundgren

Social expectations play a crucial role in shaping dietary practices among women and children. However, despite significant attention to promoting social and behavioral change in nutrition-focused programs and research, the influence of social norms on women’s agency in enhancing nutrition practices is often overlooked. In this perspective, we advocate for a paradigm shift by incorporating a “norms aware” approach. This underscores the importance of recognizing, measuring, and addressing the societal constraints and barriers that women and children encounter in their journey to improved nutrition. Drawing on insights from the United States Agency for International Development-funded Kulawa project in Niger, we highlight the implications of using social norms diagnosis tools to understand the contextual dynamics within child-feeding practices, informing intervention design, and targeted populations. Integrating a norms perspective into nutrition programming and research does not require an overhaul, but rather a nuanced application of understanding of contextual drivers, such as social norms and agency, that have been underemphasized. We delve into the role of the socio-ecologic system, underscore the importance of addressing power imbalances related to gender and social hierarchy, and emphasize that programs targeting norms should aim for community rather than individual-level change. We provide guidance for programs and research integrating a norms perspective, as well as examples of how tools, such as the Social Norms Exploration Tool and Social Norms Analysis Plot framework, can be applied to identify and prioritize social norms, facilitating the design of “norms aware” programs. Additionally, we highlight the critical role of community engagement and discuss the value of using qualitative and quantitative approaches to document the process and outcomes of social norms research, program design, and implementation. When we recognize the role of social norms in nutrition as a missing ingredient in nutrition research, programming, and social and behavior change strategies, we create opportunities for more effective and contextually relevant research and interventions that address the complexities of enhancing nutrition practices among women and children.

社会期望对妇女和儿童饮食习惯的形成起着至关重要的作用。然而,尽管在以营养为重点的计划和研究中对促进社会和行为变化给予了极大的关注,但社会规范对妇女加强营养实践的影响却常常被忽视。从这一角度出发,我们主张通过纳入 "规范意识 "方法来实现模式转变。这强调了认识、衡量和解决妇女和儿童在改善营养过程中遇到的社会限制和障碍的重要性。根据美国国际开发署资助的尼日尔 Kulawa 项目的经验,我们强调了使用社会规范诊断工具来了解儿童喂养实践中的背景动态、干预设计和目标人群的意义。将社会规范视角融入营养计划和研究并不需要大刀阔斧的改革,而是需要细致入微地应用对社会规范和机构等背景驱动因素的理解,这些因素一直未得到足够重视。我们深入探讨了社会生态系统的作用,强调了解决与性别和社会等级相关的权力不平衡问题的重要性,并强调针对规范的计划应以社区而非个人层面的变化为目标。我们为纳入规范视角的计划和研究提供指导,并举例说明如何应用社会规范探索工具和社会规范分析 Plot 框架等工具来识别社会规范并确定其优先次序,从而促进 "规范意识 "计划的设计。此外,我们还强调了社区参与的关键作用,并讨论了使用定性和定量方法记录社会规范研究、计划设计和实施的过程和结果的价值。当我们认识到社会规范在营养研究、计划制定以及社会和行为改变策略中的作用时,我们就能创造机会,开展更有效、更贴近实际情况的研究和干预活动,解决妇女和儿童营养实践中的复杂问题。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Propolis Consumption on Liver Enzymes and Obesity Indices in Adults: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis 食用蜂胶对成人肝脏酶和肥胖指数的影响:系统回顾与剂量反应荟萃分析
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104438
Mohsen Aliakbarian , Mostafa Shahraki Jazinaki , Hossein Bahari , Mohammad Rashidmayvan , Haniyeh Golafrouz , Rozita Khodashahi , Naseh Pahlavani

Background

Propolis, a natural resin produced by bees, has been studied for its potential effects on liver enzymes and obesity indices. However, a meta-analysis is necessary to comprehensively understand the impact of propolis on obesity and liver function.

Objectives

This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) sought to evaluate the effects of propolis consumption on liver enzymes and obesity indices in adults.

Methods

A systematic literature search up to December 2023 was completed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify eligible RCTs. Heterogeneity tests of the selected trials were performed using the I2 statistic. Random-effects models were assessed on the basis of the heterogeneity tests, and pooled data were determined as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

A pooled analysis of 24 trials showed that propolis consumption led to a significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (WMD: −2.58; 95% CI: −4.64, −0.52; P = 0.01), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (WMD: −1.84; 95% CI: −3.01, −0.67; P = 0.002), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (WMD: −24.90; 95% CI: −42.13, −7.67; P = 0.005) in comparison with the control group. However, there were no significant effects on gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), body weight, BMI (in kg/m2), fat mass, body fat percentage, fat-free mass, adiponectin, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist–hip ratio in comparison with the control group.

Conclusions

We discovered that consuming propolis can lead to a significant decrease in ALT, AST, and ALP levels, without causing significant changes in GGT, anthropometric indices, and adiponectin levels. However, future well-designed RCTs with large numbers of participants and extended durations, focusing on precise propolis dosage and ingredients, are necessary.

背景蜂胶是一种由蜜蜂生产的天然树脂,其对肝酶和肥胖指数的潜在影响已被研究过。然而,为了全面了解蜂胶对肥胖和肝功能的影响,有必要进行一项荟萃分析。方法在PubMed/Medline、Scopus和Web of Science上完成了一项截至2023年12月的系统文献检索,以确定符合条件的RCTs。使用 I2 统计量对所选试验进行异质性检验。结果 24项试验的汇总分析表明,服用蜂胶可显著降低丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)(WMD:-2.58;95% CI:-4.64,-0.52;P = 0.01)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)(WMD:-1.84;95% CI:-3.01,-0.67;P = 0.002)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)(WMD:-24.90;95% CI:-42.13,-7.67;P = 0.005)。然而,与对照组相比,蜂胶对γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、体重、体重指数(以千克/平方米为单位)、脂肪量、体脂百分比、无脂肪量、脂联素、腰围、臀围和腰臀比(以千克/平方米为单位)均无明显影响。然而,未来有必要进行设计良好的研究性试验,以大量参与者和较长的持续时间为基础,重点关注蜂胶的精确剂量和成分。
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Current Developments in Nutrition
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