Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1177/09637214231161321
Maja Nieweglowska, Cal Stellato, S. Sloman
Deepfakes are an effective method of media manipulation because of their realism and also because truth is not a priority when people are consuming and sharing content online. Consumers are more focused on creating their own reality that aligns with their desires, opinions, and values. We explain how deepfakes differ from other sources of information. Their realism and vividness makes them unusually effective at depicting alternative facts, including fake news. Deepfakes are difficult to detect and will be even harder to detect in the future. However, people share deepfakes not necessarily because they believe them but because they want to reinforce their own identity and social position. The threat posed by deepfakes is that they can radicalize people by sowing chaos and confusion. They rarely change minds. We review the consequences of deepfakes in both the social sphere and private lives. We suggest potential solutions to reduce their negative consequences.
{"title":"Deepfakes: Vehicles for Radicalization, Not Persuasion","authors":"Maja Nieweglowska, Cal Stellato, S. Sloman","doi":"10.1177/09637214231161321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214231161321","url":null,"abstract":"Deepfakes are an effective method of media manipulation because of their realism and also because truth is not a priority when people are consuming and sharing content online. Consumers are more focused on creating their own reality that aligns with their desires, opinions, and values. We explain how deepfakes differ from other sources of information. Their realism and vividness makes them unusually effective at depicting alternative facts, including fake news. Deepfakes are difficult to detect and will be even harder to detect in the future. However, people share deepfakes not necessarily because they believe them but because they want to reinforce their own identity and social position. The threat posed by deepfakes is that they can radicalize people by sowing chaos and confusion. They rarely change minds. We review the consequences of deepfakes in both the social sphere and private lives. We suggest potential solutions to reduce their negative consequences.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"236 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48282755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1177/09637214221143045
S. Monroe, K. Harkness
Major depressive disorder is the leading cause of physical and mental disability worldwide, affecting more than 264 million people. A disproportionate amount of the enormous personal, societal, and economic toll is attributable to recurrent depression, wherein individuals suffer episodes repeatedly throughout their lives. At present, no clinical or scientific evidence can predict who will develop the disorder on an individual basis. We suggest two explanations for this pivotal prognostic impasse. First, a widespread belief that major depression is primarily a highly recurrent disorder is incorrect and misleading. Second, this incorrect belief has biased concepts, definitions, and research practices, further reinforcing the idea that depression usually is highly recurrent. We explain how such a belief and associated research practices stand in the way of progress, and we outline an agenda for discovering who is at greatest risk for recurrences following depression’s first onset.
{"title":"Why Recurrent Depression Should Be Reconceptualized and Redefined","authors":"S. Monroe, K. Harkness","doi":"10.1177/09637214221143045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221143045","url":null,"abstract":"Major depressive disorder is the leading cause of physical and mental disability worldwide, affecting more than 264 million people. A disproportionate amount of the enormous personal, societal, and economic toll is attributable to recurrent depression, wherein individuals suffer episodes repeatedly throughout their lives. At present, no clinical or scientific evidence can predict who will develop the disorder on an individual basis. We suggest two explanations for this pivotal prognostic impasse. First, a widespread belief that major depression is primarily a highly recurrent disorder is incorrect and misleading. Second, this incorrect belief has biased concepts, definitions, and research practices, further reinforcing the idea that depression usually is highly recurrent. We explain how such a belief and associated research practices stand in the way of progress, and we outline an agenda for discovering who is at greatest risk for recurrences following depression’s first onset.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"204 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48197086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1177/09637214231156106
T. Lombrozo, Emily G. Liquin
Humans are avid explainers: We ask “why?” and derive satisfaction from a good answer. But humans are also selective explainers: Only some observations prompt us to ask “why?” and only some answers are satisfying. This article reviews recent work on selectivity in explanation-seeking curiosity and explanatory satisfaction, with a focus on how this selectivity makes us effective learners in a complex world. Research finds that curiosity about the answer to a “why” question is stronger when it is expected to yield useful learning and that explanations are judged more satisfying when they are perceived to support useful learning. Although such perceptions are imperfect, there is nonetheless evidence that seeking and evaluating explanations—in the selective way humans do—can play an important role in learning.
{"title":"Explanation Is Effective Because It Is Selective","authors":"T. Lombrozo, Emily G. Liquin","doi":"10.1177/09637214231156106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214231156106","url":null,"abstract":"Humans are avid explainers: We ask “why?” and derive satisfaction from a good answer. But humans are also selective explainers: Only some observations prompt us to ask “why?” and only some answers are satisfying. This article reviews recent work on selectivity in explanation-seeking curiosity and explanatory satisfaction, with a focus on how this selectivity makes us effective learners in a complex world. Research finds that curiosity about the answer to a “why” question is stronger when it is expected to yield useful learning and that explanations are judged more satisfying when they are perceived to support useful learning. Although such perceptions are imperfect, there is nonetheless evidence that seeking and evaluating explanations—in the selective way humans do—can play an important role in learning.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"212 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44981152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.1177/09637214221148109
K. Harber, Valeria M. Vila
Negative emotions can negatively bias social judgment. However, these emotions can be tempered when expressed, suggesting that emotional disclosure might enable fairer evaluations. Three projects confirmed this prediction. Subjects who disclosed about a past betrayal, compared to those who suppressed, felt closer to their betrayers—the first step toward forgiveness. Disclosing the emotions evoked by viewing an assault, compared with suppressing those feelings, reduced victim blaming. Disclosure did not reduce blaming of victimizers, indicating that disclosure addresses specific emotions rather than calms general arousal. A recent study showed that disclosing a personal travail of any kind promotes acceptance of COVID-19 facts among political conservatives. Collectively, these results indicate that expressing troubling thoughts and feelings can enhance social judgment.
{"title":"Emotional Disclosure and Social Judgment","authors":"K. Harber, Valeria M. Vila","doi":"10.1177/09637214221148109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221148109","url":null,"abstract":"Negative emotions can negatively bias social judgment. However, these emotions can be tempered when expressed, suggesting that emotional disclosure might enable fairer evaluations. Three projects confirmed this prediction. Subjects who disclosed about a past betrayal, compared to those who suppressed, felt closer to their betrayers—the first step toward forgiveness. Disclosing the emotions evoked by viewing an assault, compared with suppressing those feelings, reduced victim blaming. Disclosure did not reduce blaming of victimizers, indicating that disclosure addresses specific emotions rather than calms general arousal. A recent study showed that disclosing a personal travail of any kind promotes acceptance of COVID-19 facts among political conservatives. Collectively, these results indicate that expressing troubling thoughts and feelings can enhance social judgment.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"197 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42928762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-12DOI: 10.1177/09637214221149737
M. Atari, J. Henrich
A growing body of evidence suggests that many aspects of psychology have evolved culturally over historical time. A combination of approaches, including experimental data collected over the past 75 years, cross-cultural comparisons, and studies of immigrants, points to systematic changes in psychological domains as diverse as conformity, attention, emotion, morality, and olfaction. However, these approaches can go back in time only for a few decades and typically fail to provide continuous measures of cultural change, posing a challenge for testing deeper historical psychological processes. To tackle this challenge most directly, computational methods emerging from natural language processing can be adapted to extract psychological information from large-scale historical corpora. Here, we first review the benefits of psychology as a historical science and then present three useful classes of text-analytic techniques for historical psychological inquiry: dictionary-based methods, distributed-representational methods, and human-annotation-based methods. These represent an excellent suite of methodologies that can be used to examine the record of “dead minds.” Finally, we discuss the importance of going beyond English-centric text analysis in historical psychology to foster a more generalizable and inclusive science of human behavior. We propose that historical psychology should incorporate and further develop a variety of text-analytic approaches to reliably quantify the historical processes that gave rise to contemporary social, political, and psychological phenomena.
{"title":"Historical Psychology","authors":"M. Atari, J. Henrich","doi":"10.1177/09637214221149737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221149737","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of evidence suggests that many aspects of psychology have evolved culturally over historical time. A combination of approaches, including experimental data collected over the past 75 years, cross-cultural comparisons, and studies of immigrants, points to systematic changes in psychological domains as diverse as conformity, attention, emotion, morality, and olfaction. However, these approaches can go back in time only for a few decades and typically fail to provide continuous measures of cultural change, posing a challenge for testing deeper historical psychological processes. To tackle this challenge most directly, computational methods emerging from natural language processing can be adapted to extract psychological information from large-scale historical corpora. Here, we first review the benefits of psychology as a historical science and then present three useful classes of text-analytic techniques for historical psychological inquiry: dictionary-based methods, distributed-representational methods, and human-annotation-based methods. These represent an excellent suite of methodologies that can be used to examine the record of “dead minds.” Finally, we discuss the importance of going beyond English-centric text analysis in historical psychology to foster a more generalizable and inclusive science of human behavior. We propose that historical psychology should incorporate and further develop a variety of text-analytic approaches to reliably quantify the historical processes that gave rise to contemporary social, political, and psychological phenomena.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"176 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43608300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.1177/09637214221141713
A. Thomas, Maxine McKinney de Royston, Shameka N. Powell
Cognitive psychology has traditionally focused on investigating principles of cognition that are universal across the human species. The motivation to identify “cognitive universals” stems from the close relationship between biology and human cognition and from the theoretical architecture presupposed by the information-processing model. In this article, we argue that the underlying theoretical assumption of universality also stems from epistemological and methodological assumptions that laws of cognition can be effectively developed only by controlling for variables deemed to be outside the scope of internal cognition. These assumptions have resulted in the development of a science of human cognition based on the performance and behavior of a White, English-speaking, normatively invisible, racially color-evasive, socially dominant (WEIRD) class. In this article, we identify how scientific racism has influenced the study of cognition and offer perspective on how researchers may reconsider many of the premises that undergird our approach.
{"title":"Color-Evasive Cognition: The Unavoidable Impact of Scientific Racism in the Founding of a Field","authors":"A. Thomas, Maxine McKinney de Royston, Shameka N. Powell","doi":"10.1177/09637214221141713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221141713","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive psychology has traditionally focused on investigating principles of cognition that are universal across the human species. The motivation to identify “cognitive universals” stems from the close relationship between biology and human cognition and from the theoretical architecture presupposed by the information-processing model. In this article, we argue that the underlying theoretical assumption of universality also stems from epistemological and methodological assumptions that laws of cognition can be effectively developed only by controlling for variables deemed to be outside the scope of internal cognition. These assumptions have resulted in the development of a science of human cognition based on the performance and behavior of a White, English-speaking, normatively invisible, racially color-evasive, socially dominant (WEIRD) class. In this article, we identify how scientific racism has influenced the study of cognition and offer perspective on how researchers may reconsider many of the premises that undergird our approach.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"137 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47583169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.1177/09637214221141692
R. Pfister, Bence Neszmélyi, Wilfried Kunde
Response durations for simple key presses are an easily available but heavily underused measure. Whereas response times dominate the toolbox of experimental psychologists and cognitive modelers alike, any study with standard key-press responses also allows for the measurement of such durations as the time from response onset to response offset. Moreover, response times and durations are decidedly independent, so response durations hold great promise as a means to uncover unique perspectives on cognitive processing. We showcase recent observations and corresponding theoretical frameworks to highlight that this inconspicuous measure deserves much more attention than it has attracted so far. Given that it comes at no extra cost for common experimental setups, any researcher is well advised to consider adding the measure of response duration to their empirical toolbox.
{"title":"Response Durations: A Flexible, No-Cost Tool for Psychological Science","authors":"R. Pfister, Bence Neszmélyi, Wilfried Kunde","doi":"10.1177/09637214221141692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221141692","url":null,"abstract":"Response durations for simple key presses are an easily available but heavily underused measure. Whereas response times dominate the toolbox of experimental psychologists and cognitive modelers alike, any study with standard key-press responses also allows for the measurement of such durations as the time from response onset to response offset. Moreover, response times and durations are decidedly independent, so response durations hold great promise as a means to uncover unique perspectives on cognitive processing. We showcase recent observations and corresponding theoretical frameworks to highlight that this inconspicuous measure deserves much more attention than it has attracted so far. Given that it comes at no extra cost for common experimental setups, any researcher is well advised to consider adding the measure of response duration to their empirical toolbox.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"160 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44748311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.1177/09637214221128320
R. McKay, H. Mercier
Delusions are distressing and disabling symptoms of various clinical disorders. Delusions are associated with an aberrant and apparently contradictory treatment of evidence, characterized by both excessive credulity (adopting unusual beliefs on minimal evidence) and excessive rigidity (holding steadfast to these beliefs in the face of strong counterevidence). Here we attempt to make sense of this contradiction by considering the literature on epistemic vigilance. Although there is little evolutionary advantage to scrutinizing the evidence our senses provide, it pays to be vigilant toward ostensive evidence—information communicated by others. This asymmetry is generally adaptive, but in deluded individuals the scales tip too far in the direction of the sensory and perceptual, producing an apparently paradoxical combination of credulity (with respect to one’s own perception) and skepticism (with respect to the testimony of others).
{"title":"Delusions as Epistemic Hypervigilance","authors":"R. McKay, H. Mercier","doi":"10.1177/09637214221128320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221128320","url":null,"abstract":"Delusions are distressing and disabling symptoms of various clinical disorders. Delusions are associated with an aberrant and apparently contradictory treatment of evidence, characterized by both excessive credulity (adopting unusual beliefs on minimal evidence) and excessive rigidity (holding steadfast to these beliefs in the face of strong counterevidence). Here we attempt to make sense of this contradiction by considering the literature on epistemic vigilance. Although there is little evolutionary advantage to scrutinizing the evidence our senses provide, it pays to be vigilant toward ostensive evidence—information communicated by others. This asymmetry is generally adaptive, but in deluded individuals the scales tip too far in the direction of the sensory and perceptual, producing an apparently paradoxical combination of credulity (with respect to one’s own perception) and skepticism (with respect to the testimony of others).","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"125 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65292431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-05DOI: 10.1177/09637214221128560
N. Liberman, A. Lazarov, R. Dar
We suggest that individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) experience difficulty accessing their internal states, including their feelings, emotions, preferences, and motivations. Instead, they rely on proxies to inform them of these states—that is, discernible substitutes in the form of fixed rules and rituals, observable behavior, and indexes. The Seeking Proxies for Internal States (SPIS) model of OCD proposes that compulsions, obsessions, indecision, and doubt result from seeking and using such proxies. The SPIS model not only accounts for these OCD symptoms but also sheds new light on normal processes of action control, metacognition, decision-making, and introspection.
{"title":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Underlying Role of Diminished Access to Internal States","authors":"N. Liberman, A. Lazarov, R. Dar","doi":"10.1177/09637214221128560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221128560","url":null,"abstract":"We suggest that individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) experience difficulty accessing their internal states, including their feelings, emotions, preferences, and motivations. Instead, they rely on proxies to inform them of these states—that is, discernible substitutes in the form of fixed rules and rituals, observable behavior, and indexes. The Seeking Proxies for Internal States (SPIS) model of OCD proposes that compulsions, obsessions, indecision, and doubt result from seeking and using such proxies. The SPIS model not only accounts for these OCD symptoms but also sheds new light on normal processes of action control, metacognition, decision-making, and introspection.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"118 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48842629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1177/09637214221131275
J. Stellar, Fred Duong
In the last century since the word “empathy” was first introduced to the English vernacular, it has gained wide attention within academia and society more broadly. However, empathy has proven particularly challenging to define. We suggest that persistent disagreements about its conceptualization partially result from the tendency of researchers to simplify, remove, or ignore the context in which empathy is experienced. But context matters. For instance, we experience empathy when we encounter a grieving friend, but also when our partner expresses frustration with our past behavior. We illustrate how context shapes the experience of empathy by focusing on the diversity of emotional contexts that give rise to empathy and presenting a case study of context-specific empathy in response to another’s pain versus sadness. We conclude with recommendations for academics and those in the public arena who are interested in understanding empathy.
{"title":"The Little Black Box: Contextualizing Empathy","authors":"J. Stellar, Fred Duong","doi":"10.1177/09637214221131275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221131275","url":null,"abstract":"In the last century since the word “empathy” was first introduced to the English vernacular, it has gained wide attention within academia and society more broadly. However, empathy has proven particularly challenging to define. We suggest that persistent disagreements about its conceptualization partially result from the tendency of researchers to simplify, remove, or ignore the context in which empathy is experienced. But context matters. For instance, we experience empathy when we encounter a grieving friend, but also when our partner expresses frustration with our past behavior. We illustrate how context shapes the experience of empathy by focusing on the diversity of emotional contexts that give rise to empathy and presenting a case study of context-specific empathy in response to another’s pain versus sadness. We conclude with recommendations for academics and those in the public arena who are interested in understanding empathy.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"111 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47372076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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