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Do chemical and nutritional compounds change during the storage of Jabuticaba (Plinia cauliflora)? 在卡布提卡巴(Plinia cauliflora)的储存过程中,化学成分和营养成分会发生变化吗?
Pub Date : 2021-12-12 DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.21.15.12.p3384
Aline Priscilla Gomes da Silva, P. C. Spricigo, Fernanda Bueno Campos, Alana Duarte de Oliveira, Thais Pádua Freitas, A. P. Jacomino
Jabuticaba (Plinia cauliflora) is a native Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest fruit tree. Its fruits are purplish berries with a short shelf life, due to fermentative processes that begin shortly after harvest. Recently, commercial jabuticaba exploitation has intensified, justifying the application of postharvest technologies. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the chemical characteristics and nutraceutical compounds of “ponhema” jabuticabas stored at room and cold temperatures. Chemical analyzes (soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), pH, soluble sugars, soluble pectins and pectinamethylesterase (PME) activity), and nutraceutical compounds (total anthocyanins (TA), yellow flavonoids (YF), total phenolic compounds (TFC)) were performed. A completely randomized experimental design was applied. Analyzes were performed every 2 days, at days 0, 2, 4 for the room temperature (25° C) assay and at days 0, 2, 4 and 6 for the cold temperature (13° C) experiment. Fruits stored under cold temperature presented lower acetaldehyde and ethanol contents, as well as high soluble sugar, total anthocyanin, and total phenolic compound levels. Fruits stored at room temperature displayed marked wilting and fermentation on the fifth day of storage, preventing their consumption after this period. Fruits presented a shelf-life gain of up to two days when stored at cold temperature, displaying better characteristic maintenance, such as soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH and soluble sugars, which were verified by the acetaldehyde and ethanol tests. Total anthocyanin and phenolic compound levels were higher in fruits stored at cold temperature
Jabuticaba (Plinia cauliflora)是巴西大西洋雨林的一种原生果树。它的果实是紫色的浆果,保质期短,因为收获后不久就开始发酵过程。最近,商业贾布蒂卡巴的开发已经加强,证明了采后技术的应用。在此背景下,本研究旨在评价在室温和低温下储存的“蓬马”的化学特性和营养成分。化学分析(可溶性固形物(SS)、可滴定酸度(TA)、pH、可溶性糖、可溶性果胶和果胶甲基酯酶(PME)活性)和营养成分(总花青素(TA)、黄酮类化合物(YF)、总酚类化合物(TFC))。采用完全随机试验设计。每2天进行一次分析,室温(25°C)试验在第0、2、4天进行,低温(13°C)试验在第0、2、4和6天进行。低温贮藏的果实乙醛和乙醇含量较低,可溶性糖、总花青素和总酚类化合物含量较高。室温下贮藏的水果在贮藏第5天就出现了明显的萎蔫和发酵现象,这段时间后就无法食用了。在低温下储存的水果保质期延长了两天,表现出更好的特性维持,如可溶性固体、可滴定酸度、pH值和可溶性糖,这些都得到了乙醛和乙醇测试的证实。低温贮藏的果实总花青素和酚类化合物含量较高
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引用次数: 1
Susceptibility of Urochloa species subjected to pre-emergence application of [imazapyr + imazapic] herbicide 苗期前施用[伊马扎韦+伊马扎韦]除草剂对尿藻的敏感性
Pub Date : 2021-12-12 DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.21.15.12.p3339
Fenelon Lourenço DE Sousa Santos, A. Nascente, M. C. Lacerda, F. Calil, F. C. Araújo
Intercropping imidazolinone resistance crops, resistant to herbicides imazapyr + imazapic, with forage species may be a viable alternative to recover degraded pasture areas. This practice requires herbicides to slow down development of the forage and avoid reduced rice yield. However, as it is a relatively new technology, the proper management of this herbicide to control forage is not known. The objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of forages Urochloa ruziziensis, U. brizantha cv. Paiaguás, and U. brizantha cv. Marandu, submitted to the pre-emergence application of the herbicides [imazapyr + imazapic]. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3×5+3 factorial scheme with five replications. Treatments consisted of the combination of the three species (Urochloa ruziziensis, U. brizantha cv. Paiaguás, and U. brizantha cv. Marandu) and five intervals between herbicide application in the soil and forage sowing (0; 5; 10; 15; and 20 days after its application), in addition to three control treatments, without herbicide application. This study found that application of herbicide on the day of forage sowing for intercropping with imidazolinone resistance crops is not feasible. Increasing the time interval between herbicide application and forage sowing provides increased development of U. brizantha cvs. Marandu and Paiaguás. The species U. ruziziensis is more susceptible to pre-emergence application imazapyr + imazapic. According to the results, U. brizantha cvs. Marandu and Paiaguás are more suitable to be managed by imidazolinone herbicides to recover degraded pasture areas
抗咪唑啉酮、抗除草剂伊马唑吡酯和伊马唑吡酯的作物与牧草间作可能是恢复退化牧区的可行选择。这种做法需要除草剂来减缓牧草的生长,避免减少水稻产量。然而,由于这是一项相对较新的技术,对这种除草剂的适当管理来控制牧草尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定对草料尿chloa ruziziensis, U. brizantha等的敏感性。Paiaguás,和U. brizantha cv。Marandu,提交了除草剂[imazapyr + imazapic]的苗期前施用。试验设计完全随机化,采用3×5+3因子方案,5个重复。处理方法为三种植物(褐藻、花楸、花楸)的组合处理。Paiaguás,和U. brizantha cv。Marandu)和在土壤中施用除草剂与播种牧草之间的5个间隔(0;5;10;15;施用后20 d,除3个对照处理外,不施用除草剂。本研究发现,在牧草播种当天施用除草剂与抗咪唑啉酮作物间作是不可行的。增加除草剂施用和牧草播种之间的时间间隔可以促进红花的发育。Marandu和Paiaguás。在羽化前施用吡唑啉+吡唑啉对褐剑兰较为敏感。根据研究结果,紫花葡萄的生长发育。马兰度和Paiaguás更适合用咪唑啉酮类除草剂治理退化牧区
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引用次数: 0
Production of round wood from planted forests and price of pulp and paper and other forestry purposes in southern Brazil 巴西南部种植森林的圆木产量和纸浆、纸张及其他林业用途的价格
Pub Date : 2021-12-12 DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.21.15.12.p3313
Gustavo Silva Oliveira, R. T. Júnior, Ailson Augusto Loper, Pedro José Steiner Neto, R. Alves
The aim of the study is to analyze the production of round wood from planted forests and the price of pulp and paper and other forestry purposes in southern Brazil, from 2000 to 2019. In this study, we worked with historical series from secondary data collected from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics IBGE, referring to the produced and traded quantity in forestry (m³), forestry production value (one thousand dollars) and price ($/m³), obtained through the ratio between the production value and the respective produced quantities in each year. The silviculture production value (PV) is a derived variable calculated by the weighted average of quantity and average current price paid to the producer (m³), according to the harvest and commercialization periods of each product. The price evolution (P) was separated according to purpose and obtained through the quotient between the production value and respective quantities produced in each year. The trend models were estimated, in which annual growth rates of the real price and produced quantity were calculated for the two roundwood purposes in the evaluated period. Then, we sought to fit the results according to the possibilities of shift of the supply and demand curves. The results indicate that pulp and paper presented positive rates of produced quantity and price, of 5.8775 and 1.3704, respectively. The nomenclature for other purposes had a positive rate for the produced quantity (4.1929) and a negative rate for price (-0.3203). Thus, logwood for pulp and paper showed a dominant shift in the demand curve to the right, showing a rising market, while for other purposes, there was a dominant shift in supply to the right, corroborating the concept of positive variation in quantity and a negative variation in price. Given these results, it is important to highlight that the study refers to one federative unit in Brazil, which signals the recommendation that other similar studies be carried out in other states to better understand the impact of production and price of these purposes on the Brazilian market
该研究的目的是分析2000年至2019年巴西南部人工林圆木的产量以及纸浆、纸张和其他林业用途的价格。在本研究中,我们使用了巴西地理与统计研究所(IBGE)收集的二手数据的历史序列,参考了林业的生产和贸易量(m³),林业产值(千美元)和价格(美元/m³),通过每年的产值与各自的产量之比得到。造林产值(PV)是一个衍生变量,根据每种产品的收获和商业化周期,将数量和支付给生产者的平均当前价格(m³)加权平均计算得出。价格演变(P)按目的分离,通过每年的产值与各自的产量之商得到。对趋势模型进行了估计,其中计算了两种圆木用途在评估期间的实际价格和产量的年增长率。然后,我们试图根据供需曲线移动的可能性来拟合结果。结果表明,纸浆和纸张的产量和价格阳性率分别为5.8775和1.3704。其他用途的命名法对生产数量(4.1929)有正的比率,对价格(-0.3203)有负的比率。因此,用于纸浆和造纸的原木在需求曲线上主要向右移动,表明市场在上升,而用于其他用途的原木在供应曲线上主要向右移动,证实了数量正变化和价格负变化的概念。鉴于这些结果,必须强调的是,该研究涉及巴西的一个联邦单位,这表明建议在其他州进行其他类似的研究,以更好地了解这些用途的生产和价格对巴西市场的影响
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引用次数: 0
Automatic Car Damage detection by Hybrid Deep Learning Multi Label Classification 基于混合深度学习多标签分类的汽车损伤自动检测
Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.36548/jaicn.2021.4.006
P. Darney
Automating image-based automobile insurance claims processing is a significant opportunity. In this research work, car damage categorization that is aided by the hybrid convolutional neural network approach is addressed and hence the deep learning-based strategies are applied. Insurance firms may leverage this paper's design and implementation of an automobile damage classification/detection pipeline to streamline car insurance claim policy. Using deep convolutional networks to detect car damage is now possible because of recent improvements in the artificial intelligence sector, mainly due to less computation time and higher accuracy with a hybrid transformation deep learning algorithm. In this paper, multiclass classification proposed to categorize the car damage parts such as broken headlight/taillight, glass fragments, damaged bonnet etc. are compiled into the proposed dataset. This model has been pre-trained on a wide-ranging and benchmark dataset due to the dataset's limited size to minimize overfitting and to understand more common properties of the dataset. To increase the overall proposed model’s performance, the CNN feature extraction model is trained with Resnet architecture with the coco car damage detection datasets and reaches a higher accuracy of 90.82%, which is much better than the previous findings on the comparable test sets.
自动化基于图像的汽车保险索赔处理是一个重要的机会。本研究解决了混合卷积神经网络辅助下的汽车损伤分类问题,并采用了基于深度学习的分类策略。保险公司可以利用本文设计和实现的汽车损坏分类/检测管道来简化汽车保险索赔政策。由于人工智能领域的最新进步,使用深度卷积网络检测汽车损坏现在成为可能,主要是由于混合转换深度学习算法的计算时间更少,精度更高。本文提出了多类分类方法,将破碎的前照灯/尾灯、玻璃碎片、发动机罩等汽车损坏部件进行分类,并将其汇编到所提出的数据集中。由于数据集的大小有限,该模型已经在广泛的基准数据集上进行了预训练,以最大限度地减少过拟合并了解数据集的更多常见属性。为了提高所提模型的整体性能,利用coco汽车损伤检测数据集对CNN特征提取模型进行Resnet架构训练,准确率达到了90.82%,大大优于之前在可比测试集上的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Vehicle Navigation System based on Pollution Metric Analysis with Q-Learning Algorithm 基于q -学习算法污染度量分析的车辆导航系统
Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.36548/jaicn.2021.4.005
B. Vivekanandam, Balaganesh
The navigation systems available in the present scenario takes into account the path distance for their estimations. In some advanced navigation systems, the road traffic analysis is also considered in the algorithm for their predictions. The proposed work estimates a navigation path with respect to the present pollution level on the roadways. The work suggests an alternate path to avoid additional vehicles to enter the same road which is already impacted by air pollution. A Q-learning (Quality learning) prediction algorithm is trained in the proposed work with a self-made dataset for the estimations. The experimental work presented in the paper explores the accuracy and computational speed of the developed algorithm in comparison to the traditional algorithms.
本场景中可用的导航系统考虑了路径距离的估计。在一些先进的导航系统中,算法中还考虑了道路交通分析来进行预测。建议的工作是根据目前道路上的污染程度估计一条导航路线。这项工作提出了一条替代路径,以避免更多的车辆进入已经受到空气污染影响的同一条道路。在本文提出的工作中,使用自制的估计数据集训练了Q-learning(质量学习)预测算法。本文的实验工作探讨了所开发算法与传统算法相比的精度和计算速度。
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引用次数: 0
A Review on Meshing Techniques in Biomedicine 生物医学网格划分技术综述
Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.36548/jei.2021.4.001
T. V. Smitha, Madhura. S, K. B. Ram, M. M.
Engineering has a wide range of applications where more detailed and reliable data are needed, one of which is biomedicine. One of the aims of meshing is to use the Finite Element Approach to solve the problem. By analysing and segmenting raw medical imaging data, meshing aids in a better and more precise understanding of the organs and structures of human body. The main goal of this paper is to collect and review the various available methods in meshing. Also, a comparison study of different meshing techniques that are available in biomedicine is performed.
工程具有广泛的应用,需要更详细和可靠的数据,其中之一是生物医学。网格划分的目的之一是利用有限元方法来解决这个问题。通过对原始医学成像数据进行分析和分割,网格化有助于更好、更精确地了解人体的器官和结构。本文的主要目的是收集和回顾各种可用的网格划分方法。此外,还对生物医学中可用的不同网格划分技术进行了比较研究。
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引用次数: 0
An Efficient Machine Learning based Model for Classification of Wearable Clothing 基于机器学习的可穿戴服装分类模型
Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI: 10.36548/jaicn.2021.4.004
Judy Simon
Computer vision research and its applications in the fashion industry have grown popular due to the rapid growth of information technology. Fashion detection is increasingly popular because most fashion goods need detection before they could be worn. Early detection of the human body component of the input picture is necessary to determine where the garment area is and then synthesize it. For this reason, detection is the starting point for most of the in-depth research. The cloth detection of landmarks is retrieved through many feature items that emphasis on fashionate things. The feature extraction can be done for better accuracy, pose and scale transmission. These convolution filters extract the features through many epochs and max-pooling layers in the neural networks. The optimized classification has been done using SVM in this study, for attaining overall high efficiency. This proposed CNN approach fashionate things prediction is combined with SVM for better classification. Furthermore, the classification error is minimized through the evaluation procedure for obtaining better accuracy. Finally, this research work has attained good accuracy and other performance metrics than the different traditional approaches. The benchmark datasets, current methodologies, and performance comparisons are all reorganized for each piece.
由于信息技术的快速发展,计算机视觉研究及其在时尚行业的应用越来越受欢迎。时尚检测越来越受欢迎,因为大多数时尚商品在穿之前都需要检测。早期检测输入图像的人体成分,确定服装区域的位置,然后进行合成是必要的。因此,检测是大多数深入研究的起点。地标的布料检测通过许多强调时尚事物的特征项来检索。特征提取可以获得更好的精度、姿态和尺度传输。这些卷积滤波器通过神经网络中的多个epoch和最大池化层来提取特征。本研究采用支持向量机进行优化分类,达到了整体的高效率。本文提出的CNN方法与SVM相结合,实现了更好的分类。此外,通过评价过程使分类误差最小化,以获得更好的准确率。最后,与不同的传统方法相比,本研究工作取得了良好的准确性和其他性能指标。基准数据集、当前方法和性能比较都针对每个部分进行了重新组织。
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引用次数: 0
Smart Medical Nursing Care Unit based on Internet of Things for Emergency Healthcare 基于物联网的智慧医疗急救护理单元
Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.36548/jaicn.2021.4.003
S. Ayyasamy
Recently, the development and integration of various sensor control with smart intelligent unit is used in medical field through IoT. However, there is still a lot of space for growth in the medical and health industry's use of new technology. The traditional nurse care unit is managed through medical staffs, and the expanding medical demands creates the hospital’s patients records to be updated inefficiently. Since this is now an urgent need, developing a realistic, smart medical nursing care unit at low cost with a system capable of facilitating the effective and convenient administration of medical staff has taken a new significance. The proposed framework, conducted in the analysis to monitor medical records and activities of the emergency care unit patients, functions as a nurse and gives patients the nurse care satisfaction. The patients' actual location may be obtained for the first time by cloud computing based smart system. The precise location of the patient is critical to rescue the patient in emergency situation. This research work illustrates that the intelligent nurse care unit is the main phase called Smart Medical Nursing Care (SMNC). It contains several sensor units and by the combination of many sensors in the sensor module, it takes very less reaction time to connect or communicate both sides i.e., between patients and medical staffs.
近年来,各种传感器控制与智能单元的开发和集成通过物联网应用于医疗领域。然而,医疗和健康行业对新技术的使用仍有很大的增长空间。传统的护士护理单位是由医务人员管理的,不断扩大的医疗需求导致医院的病历更新效率低下。由于这是当前迫切的需求,开发一种现实的、智能的、低成本的医疗护理单元,以及一种能够促进医务人员有效、方便管理的系统,就具有了新的意义。在分析监测急诊病人的医疗记录和活动时,提出的框架发挥了护士的作用,并使病人对护士护理感到满意。基于云计算的智能系统可能首次获得患者的实际位置。在紧急情况下,病人的准确位置对抢救病人至关重要。本研究工作表明,智能护理单元是智能医疗护理(SMNC)的主要阶段。它包含多个传感器单元,通过传感器模块中多个传感器的组合,在患者和医务人员之间连接或通信所需的反应时间非常短。
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引用次数: 1
Smart Fashion: A Review of AI Applications in Virtual Try-On & Fashion Synthesis 智能时尚:人工智能在虚拟试穿与时尚合成中的应用综述
Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.36548/jaicn.2021.4.002
Seyed Omid Mohammadi, A. Kalhor
The rapid progress of computer vision, machine learning, and artificial intelligence combined with the current growing urge for online shopping systems opened an excellent opportunity for the fashion industry. As a result, many studies worldwide are dedicated to modern fashion-related applications such as virtual try-on and fashion synthesis. However, the accelerated evolution speed of the field makes it hard to track these many research branches in a structured framework. This paper presents an overview of the matter, categorizing 110 relevant articles into multiple sub-categories and varieties of these tasks. An easy-to-use yet informative tabular format is used for this purpose. Such hierarchical application-based multi-label classification of studies increases the visibility of current research, promotes the field, provides research directions, and facilitates access to related studies.
计算机视觉、机器学习和人工智能的快速发展,加上当前对在线购物系统日益增长的需求,为时装业提供了一个绝佳的机会。因此,世界范围内的许多研究都致力于现代时尚相关的应用,如虚拟试穿和时尚合成。然而,该领域的加速发展使得很难在一个结构化的框架中跟踪这些众多的研究分支。本文概述了这一问题,将110篇相关文章分类为这些任务的多个子类别和品种。一个易于使用但信息丰富的表格格式用于此目的。这种基于分层应用的研究多标签分类增加了当前研究的可见性,促进了该领域的发展,提供了研究方向,方便了相关研究的获取。
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引用次数: 5
Probabilistic Neural Network based Managing Algorithm for Building Automation System 基于概率神经网络的楼宇自动化系统管理算法
Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.36548/jaicn.2021.4.001
S. Shakya
A building automation system is a centralized intelligent system, which controls the operation of energy, security, water, and safety by the help of hardware and software modules. The general software modules employed for automation process have an algorithm with pre-determined decisions. However, such pre-determined decision algorithms won’t work in a proper manner at all situations like a human brain. Therefore a human biological inspired algorithms are developed in recent days and termed as neural network algorithms. The Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) is a kind of artificial neural network algorithm which has the ability to take decisions same as like of human brains in an efficient way. Hence a building automation system is proposed in the work based on PNN for verifying the effectiveness of neural network algorithms over the traditional pre-determined decision making algorithms. The experimental work is further extended to verify the performances of the basic neural network algorithm called Convolution Neural Network (CNN).
楼宇自动化系统是一个集中的智能系统,通过硬件和软件模块对能源、安防、水、安全等各个环节的运行进行控制。用于自动化过程的通用软件模块都具有预先确定决策的算法。然而,这种预先确定的决策算法并不能像人类大脑那样在所有情况下都以适当的方式工作。因此,近年来一种受人类生物学启发的算法被开发出来,并被称为神经网络算法。概率神经网络(Probabilistic Neural Network, PNN)是一种人工神经网络算法,它具有和人脑一样的高效决策能力。因此,本文提出了一种基于PNN的楼宇自动化系统,以验证神经网络算法相对于传统的预定决策算法的有效性。实验工作进一步扩展,以验证卷积神经网络(CNN)的基本神经网络算法的性能。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
December 2021
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