Pub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.36548/jitdw.2021.4.003
K. Rahimunnisa
Vehicle driving is an art to be performed with maximum attention. A small distraction or error in the driving practice may lead to severe problem to the people and the vehicle. The autonomous driving systems are implemented partially in few applications to rectify such human errors through an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm. The AI algorithms require certain peripheral units like camera and sensors for their operation and are very effective and fast compared to the manual process. The computational complexity of autonomous driving systems are very high than the other applications where it requires continuous monitoring and instantaneous processing. Therefore it requires a huge amount of memory space and heavy processors. To address such limitations, the recent year applications are implemented with a cloud communication system for processing the collected data in a remote place. However, security and communication concerns present in such models have led this proposed work to implement a distributed AI architecture for an autonomous driving system.
{"title":"Implementation of Distributed AI in an Autonomous Driving Application","authors":"K. Rahimunnisa","doi":"10.36548/jitdw.2021.4.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jitdw.2021.4.003","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle driving is an art to be performed with maximum attention. A small distraction or error in the driving practice may lead to severe problem to the people and the vehicle. The autonomous driving systems are implemented partially in few applications to rectify such human errors through an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm. The AI algorithms require certain peripheral units like camera and sensors for their operation and are very effective and fast compared to the manual process. The computational complexity of autonomous driving systems are very high than the other applications where it requires continuous monitoring and instantaneous processing. Therefore it requires a huge amount of memory space and heavy processors. To address such limitations, the recent year applications are implemented with a cloud communication system for processing the collected data in a remote place. However, security and communication concerns present in such models have led this proposed work to implement a distributed AI architecture for an autonomous driving system.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79105590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-14DOI: 10.36548/jitdw.2021.4.002
H. Andi
Understanding and evaluating data is vital for making choices in a system. As the transactional system expands, it becomes increasingly difficult to execute analytical operations directly. Complex and huge datasets seem to be solved by analytical methods and their expansions. A lack of a clear and rigorous technique for measuring the realized value of intelligent business systems continues to be a problem, despite the fact that significant investment is being made in these systems. As a goal of the software program, an inventory management decision support system has been built. The method can be used by medium-sized industries or companies. Finding a suitable solution for the firm's size and adapting to business and decision-maker needs are the goals of this research work. Besides, the suitable solutions are measured and compared with reference data through Information Technology (IT) sectors by error computations. The computation has considered various types of errors in this research article. The proposed decision support system produces excellent results with the least amount of errors in the final output, as shown by the graphical depiction in the results and discussion section.
{"title":"Construction of Business Intelligence Model for Information Technology Sector with Decision Support System","authors":"H. Andi","doi":"10.36548/jitdw.2021.4.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jitdw.2021.4.002","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding and evaluating data is vital for making choices in a system. As the transactional system expands, it becomes increasingly difficult to execute analytical operations directly. Complex and huge datasets seem to be solved by analytical methods and their expansions. A lack of a clear and rigorous technique for measuring the realized value of intelligent business systems continues to be a problem, despite the fact that significant investment is being made in these systems. As a goal of the software program, an inventory management decision support system has been built. The method can be used by medium-sized industries or companies. Finding a suitable solution for the firm's size and adapting to business and decision-maker needs are the goals of this research work. Besides, the suitable solutions are measured and compared with reference data through Information Technology (IT) sectors by error computations. The computation has considered various types of errors in this research article. The proposed decision support system produces excellent results with the least amount of errors in the final output, as shown by the graphical depiction in the results and discussion section.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79524893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.36548/10.36548/jei.2021.4.002
G. Sahitya, V. Krishnasree, C. Kaushik
“If the farmer is rich, then so is the nation” – agriculture plays significant part in the advancement of the country. Water is a fundamental factor for the growth of plants in cultivation, irrigation or agriculture. These days, for the irrigation system, various methods were available which were utilized to decrease the dependency of rain and agriculture is one of the significant fields in which new advancements need to be actualized to decrease the burden of farmer. In this paper, different arising strategies were identified related to drip irrigation systems in agriculture. The basic drip irrigation system uses a micro-controller and a variety of sensors like temperature, humidity, moisture of the soil etc., to sense the vital parameters of the soil and gathers information, and produce results. Based on these sensor values land gets water automatically controlled by the switch of motor and these results were showed to the farmers employing the web or on a cellular mobile phone by SMS. Accordingly the farmer precisely determines the farm land requires water or not.
{"title":"Review on Various Approaches of Automatic Drip Irrigation Systems for smart Agriculture","authors":"G. Sahitya, V. Krishnasree, C. Kaushik","doi":"10.36548/10.36548/jei.2021.4.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/10.36548/jei.2021.4.002","url":null,"abstract":"“If the farmer is rich, then so is the nation” – agriculture plays significant part in the advancement of the country. Water is a fundamental factor for the growth of plants in cultivation, irrigation or agriculture. These days, for the irrigation system, various methods were available which were utilized to decrease the dependency of rain and agriculture is one of the significant fields in which new advancements need to be actualized to decrease the burden of farmer. In this paper, different arising strategies were identified related to drip irrigation systems in agriculture. The basic drip irrigation system uses a micro-controller and a variety of sensors like temperature, humidity, moisture of the soil etc., to sense the vital parameters of the soil and gathers information, and produce results. Based on these sensor values land gets water automatically controlled by the switch of motor and these results were showed to the farmers employing the web or on a cellular mobile phone by SMS. Accordingly the farmer precisely determines the farm land requires water or not.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87717024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.36548/jitdw.2021.4.001
Arun Agarwal, Chandan Mohanta, G. Misra
The 5G mobile communication has now become commercially available. Furthermore, research across the globe has begun to improve the system beyond 5G and it is anticipated that 6G will deliver higher quality services and energy efficiency than 5G. The mobile network architecture needs to be redesigned to meet the requirements of the future. In the wake of the commercial rollout of the 5G model, both users and developers have realized the limitations of the system when compared to the system's original premise of being able to support the vast applications of connected devices. The article discusses the related technologies that can contribute to a robust and seamless network service. An upheaval in the use of vast mobile applications, especially those powered and managed by AI, has opened the doors to discussion on how mobile communication will evolve in the future. 6G is expected to go beyond being merely a mobile internet service provider to support the omnipresent AI services that will form the rock bed of end-to-end connected network-based devices. Moreover, the technologies that support 6G services and comprehensive research that enables this level of technical prowess have also been identified here. This paper presents a collective wide-angle vision that will facilitate a better understanding of the features of the 6G system.
{"title":"Principle of 6G Wireless Networks: Vision, Challenges and Applications","authors":"Arun Agarwal, Chandan Mohanta, G. Misra","doi":"10.36548/jitdw.2021.4.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jitdw.2021.4.001","url":null,"abstract":"The 5G mobile communication has now become commercially available. Furthermore, research across the globe has begun to improve the system beyond 5G and it is anticipated that 6G will deliver higher quality services and energy efficiency than 5G. The mobile network architecture needs to be redesigned to meet the requirements of the future. In the wake of the commercial rollout of the 5G model, both users and developers have realized the limitations of the system when compared to the system's original premise of being able to support the vast applications of connected devices. The article discusses the related technologies that can contribute to a robust and seamless network service. An upheaval in the use of vast mobile applications, especially those powered and managed by AI, has opened the doors to discussion on how mobile communication will evolve in the future. 6G is expected to go beyond being merely a mobile internet service provider to support the omnipresent AI services that will form the rock bed of end-to-end connected network-based devices. Moreover, the technologies that support 6G services and comprehensive research that enables this level of technical prowess have also been identified here. This paper presents a collective wide-angle vision that will facilitate a better understanding of the features of the 6G system.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74209966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study aimed to investigate the moderating role of work-family conflict between emotional labor (surface acting) and burnout (emotional exhaustion) in married female doctors. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 married female doctors working in public and private hospitals. Data was collected using the three reliable and valid scales. Findings revealed that work-family conflict is the significant moderator. The results indicated that at the low level of work-family conflict, the association of surface acting and emotional exhaustion was not significant (B = .02, SE = .17, p > .05) whereas at a moderate level of work-family conflict (B = .46, SE = .12, p < .01) the association between the surface acting and emotional exhaustion is significant. When the level of work-family conflict is high then the association of surface acting and emotional exhaustion is highly significant (B = .91, SE = .19, p = >.001).The findings are discussed in light of existing literature.
本研究旨在探讨工作-家庭冲突对已婚女医生情绪劳动(表面表演)与职业倦怠(情绪耗竭)的调节作用。对200名在公立和私立医院工作的已婚女医生进行了横断面研究。采用三种可靠有效的量表收集数据。研究结果显示，工作家庭冲突是显著的调节因素。结果表明，在低水平的工作-家庭冲突中，表层行为与情绪耗竭的关系不显著(B = 0.02, SE = 0.17, p < 0.05)，而在中等水平的工作-家庭冲突中，表层行为与情绪耗竭的关系显著(B = 0.46, SE = 0.12, p < 0.01)。当工作-家庭冲突水平高时，表面行为与情绪耗竭的相关性极显著(B = 0.91, SE = 0.19, p = bb0.001)。根据现有文献对研究结果进行了讨论。
{"title":"THE EMOTIONAL LABOR AND BURNOUT IN MARRIED FEMALE DOCTORS OF PAKISTAN: THE MODERATING ROLE OF WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT","authors":"Faiqa Yaseen, Q. Ain, Jamal Yousaf","doi":"10.51380/gujr-37-04-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-37-04-05","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to investigate the moderating role of work-family conflict between emotional labor (surface acting) and burnout (emotional exhaustion) in married female doctors. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 married female doctors working in public and private hospitals. Data was collected using the three reliable and valid scales. Findings revealed that work-family conflict is the significant moderator. The results indicated that at the low level of work-family conflict, the association of surface acting and emotional exhaustion was not significant (B = .02, SE = .17, p > .05) whereas at a moderate level of work-family conflict (B = .46, SE = .12, p < .01) the association between the surface acting and emotional exhaustion is significant. When the level of work-family conflict is high then the association of surface acting and emotional exhaustion is highly significant (B = .91, SE = .19, p = >.001).The findings are discussed in light of existing literature.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74496566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The spread of COVID-19 has obstructed construction projects worldwide owing to disruptions in supply chain, restriction on the combine work and legislative enforcements. Construction projects from developing economies are more susceptible to these challenges. The aim of this research is to identify factors caused by COVID-19 impacting progress of construction projects and review tools to lessen its negative impact. Multistep methodology is adopted using semi-structured interviews with construction experts to identify factors affected the progress during COVID-19; and data collection from professionals to quantify the significance of each identified factor; Cronbach’s alpha for reliability and multiple regression to assess the effect of COVID-19 on progress of construction projects. The findings show that COVID-19 has left severe issues at the operational and financial levels. The remedies use to correct these issues will help policymakers from construction industry to improve existing strategic plans and develop new policies to manage the issues caused by COVID-19.
{"title":"CAPTURING THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS: A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTAN","authors":"Wajid Alim, Sabahat Nisar, Rabia Asif","doi":"10.51380/gujr-37-04-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-37-04-06","url":null,"abstract":"The spread of COVID-19 has obstructed construction projects worldwide\u0000owing to disruptions in supply chain, restriction on the combine work and\u0000legislative enforcements. Construction projects from developing economies\u0000are more susceptible to these challenges. The aim of this research is to\u0000identify factors caused by COVID-19 impacting progress of construction\u0000projects and review tools to lessen its negative impact. Multistep methodology\u0000is adopted using semi-structured interviews with construction experts to\u0000identify factors affected the progress during COVID-19; and data collection\u0000from professionals to quantify the significance of each identified factor;\u0000Cronbach’s alpha for reliability and multiple regression to assess the effect\u0000of COVID-19 on progress of construction projects. The findings show that\u0000COVID-19 has left severe issues at the operational and financial levels. The\u0000remedies use to correct these issues will help policymakers from construction\u0000industry to improve existing strategic plans and develop new policies to\u0000manage the issues caused by COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88297597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of current study is to examine perception of mobile banking customers about digital and non-digital factors in Pakistan. The population of current study consists of current and future users of mobile baking in Pakistan. In this study, mobile banking usage is considered as dependent variable and seven variables (5-digital & 2-non-digital) have been selected as independent variables. The SPSS version 16 was used to analyse and report the data collected through an administrative questionnaire. The results of current study indicated that non-digital factors (Need of service and service quality) has insignificant relationship with perception of the mobile banking customers. Also, results indicated a significant relationship between digital factors (Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, relative advantage, trust and security) with perception of mobile banking customers. As a practical implication of the study, current study facilitate banking sector to facilitate their customers and retain their customer base. Banks used these results to identify the social norms of their banking customers and link them with mobile banking technology to facilitate them.
当前研究的目的是检查巴基斯坦移动银行客户对数字和非数字因素的看法。目前研究的人口包括巴基斯坦目前和未来的移动烘焙用户。在本研究中，手机银行使用情况被视为因变量，七个变量(5-数字和2-非数字)被选为自变量。使用SPSS version 16分析和报告通过行政调查问卷收集的数据。目前的研究结果表明，非数字因素(服务需求和服务质量)与手机银行客户感知的关系不显著。此外，研究结果表明，数字因素(绩效预期、努力预期、相对优势、信任和安全)与手机银行客户的感知之间存在显著关系。作为研究的实际意义，目前的研究有助于银行部门方便他们的客户和保留他们的客户群。银行利用这些结果来确定其银行客户的社会规范，并将他们与移动银行技术联系起来，以方便他们。
{"title":"EXAMINATION OF DIGITAL AND NON-DIGITAL FACTORS ON PERCEPTION OF MOBILE BANKING CUSTOMERS: A CASE OF DEVELOPING ECONOMY","authors":"Afam Icha Ituma, Adil Riaz, Muhammad Hasnain Ali","doi":"10.51380/gujr-37-04-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-37-04-02","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of current study is to examine perception of mobile banking customers about digital and non-digital factors in Pakistan. The population of current study consists of current and future users of mobile baking in Pakistan. In this study, mobile banking usage is considered as dependent variable and seven variables (5-digital & 2-non-digital) have been selected as independent variables. The SPSS version 16 was used to analyse and report the data collected through an administrative questionnaire. The results of current study indicated that non-digital factors (Need of service and service quality) has insignificant relationship with perception of the mobile banking customers. Also, results indicated a significant relationship between digital factors (Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, relative advantage, trust and security) with perception of mobile banking customers. As a practical implication of the study, current study facilitate banking sector to facilitate their customers and retain their customer base. Banks used these results to identify the social norms of their banking customers and link them with mobile banking technology to facilitate them.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82053762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.53664/jsrd/02-02-2021-07-171-182
S. Abbasi, Rizwana, Saima Safdar
The Land is a finite natural resource and important factor of production since the existence of human being on land. It is a fundamental for survival of life and human livelihood, with immense social, cultural, commercial, aesthetic and spiritual value. The land related disputed and clashes rate is very high in the country due to huge population attached with agriculture and other land cultivations sectors. This time taking situation brings number of the social, psychological and obstacle and barriers in life of concerned litigated families and their children. Considering the intensity and importance of issues and its social impacts on the individual and family life researcher tried to find out the actual primary data from division Gujranwala. The respondents of study were the families involved in the and litigation process for one year at least. Quantitative research method and technique were applied and the data was collected over structured questionnaire. Whole phenomena of land dispute and results in litigation are affecting family and communal life. Family is suffering from social, economic, educational and health problems.
{"title":"LITIGATION ON LAND DISPUTES AND ITS IMPACTS ON FAMILY HEALTH AND\u0000CHILDREN EDUCATION","authors":"S. Abbasi, Rizwana, Saima Safdar","doi":"10.53664/jsrd/02-02-2021-07-171-182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53664/jsrd/02-02-2021-07-171-182","url":null,"abstract":"The Land is a finite natural resource and important factor of production since the existence of human being on land. It is a fundamental for survival of life and human livelihood, with immense social, cultural, commercial, aesthetic and spiritual value. The land related disputed and clashes rate is very high in the country due to huge population attached with agriculture and other land cultivations sectors. This time taking situation brings number of the social, psychological and obstacle and barriers in life of concerned litigated families and their children. Considering the intensity and importance of issues and its social impacts on the individual and family life researcher tried to find out the actual primary data from division Gujranwala. The respondents of study were the families involved in the and litigation process for one year at least. Quantitative research method and technique were applied and the data was collected over structured questionnaire. Whole phenomena of land dispute and results in litigation are affecting family and communal life. Family is suffering from social, economic, educational and health problems.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82986399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.53664/02-02-2021-04-141-147
Fakhira Tahrim, F. Urooj
This research is carried out to evaluate the impact of abusive supervision on employee job engagement. The primary data is gathered data from the 440 employees working in Lahore. Test like Reliability, Correlation and multiple linear regressions were used in analysis. This research observed that abusive supervision negatively influences the variable job engagement. The current study conducted only employees of Sapphire Textile. The current research is case study on Sapphire Textile so cannot simplify results on organizations of other type of industry. Current study works as policy guideline for employers or top management of textile sector by controlling the thoughts about envy which will ultimately foster the level of employee job engagement directly. Present research broadens body of literature by providing empirical support from the social comparison theory to explain the phenomenon of proposed relationships in the single model. The results provide significant information about relationships among research variables in reaching the conclusion and suggesting the recommendations.
{"title":"LINKING ABUSIVE SUPERVISION WITH THE EMPLOYEE JOB ENGAGEMENT","authors":"Fakhira Tahrim, F. Urooj","doi":"10.53664/02-02-2021-04-141-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53664/02-02-2021-04-141-147","url":null,"abstract":"This research is carried out to evaluate the impact of abusive supervision on employee job engagement. The primary data is gathered data from the 440 employees working in Lahore. Test like Reliability, Correlation and multiple linear regressions were used in analysis. This research observed that abusive supervision negatively influences the variable job engagement. The current study conducted only employees of Sapphire Textile. The current research is case study on Sapphire Textile so cannot simplify results on organizations of other type of industry. Current study works as policy guideline for employers or top management of textile sector by controlling the thoughts about envy which will ultimately foster the level of employee job engagement directly. Present research broadens body of literature by providing empirical support from the social comparison theory to explain the phenomenon of proposed relationships in the single model. The results provide significant information about relationships among research variables in reaching the conclusion and suggesting the recommendations.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"334 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91460980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.53664/02-02-2021-03-129-140
Syed Waqas Haider Bukhari
State is chief actor of international political arena, and rivalries among states are quiet commonplace. The world is divided into different regions, and in regional context at times the security of one state is coupled with security of other state. In regional security complex the obstructions of states’ security cannot be settled by distinguishing themselves. Such as in regional security complex, Russia and Iran due to regional proximity are bounded in common security provocations that primary security matters are highly inter-coupled and so tightly in a sense that their national securities cannot pragmatically be viewed separated from each other’s. Russia and Iran are used to face analogous security due to US influence in Middle East. Both facing sanctions imposed by US but to counter these Russia and Iran are cooperating in the areas of mutual understanding. Russia and Iran have strategic partnership and are enjoying political, economic and military relations. Issues of mutual interests like joint posture on the Syrian problem, Iran’s nuclear problem and limiting the role of US in region are promoting their mutual interests despite of their differences in various areas.
{"title":"CHANGING DYNAMICS IN OLD RIVALRY: RUSSIA IRAN REVITALIZATION AND\u0000US INTERESTS IN MIDDLE EAST","authors":"Syed Waqas Haider Bukhari","doi":"10.53664/02-02-2021-03-129-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53664/02-02-2021-03-129-140","url":null,"abstract":"State is chief actor of international political arena, and rivalries among states are quiet commonplace. The world is divided into different regions, and in regional context at times the security of one state is coupled with security of other state. In regional security complex the obstructions of states’ security cannot be settled by distinguishing themselves. Such as in regional security complex, Russia and Iran due to regional proximity are bounded in common security provocations that primary security matters are highly inter-coupled and so tightly in a sense that their national securities cannot pragmatically be viewed separated from each other’s. Russia and Iran are used to face analogous security due to US influence in Middle East. Both facing sanctions imposed by US but to counter these Russia and Iran are cooperating in the areas of mutual understanding. Russia and Iran have strategic partnership and are enjoying political, economic and military relations. Issues of mutual interests like joint posture on the Syrian problem, Iran’s nuclear problem and limiting the role of US in region are promoting their mutual interests despite of their differences in various areas.","PeriodicalId":10994,"journal":{"name":"December 2021","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79923338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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