Pub Date : 2024-01-08DOI: 10.2174/0115748855268042231130041958
M. Sharma, G. V. N. Kumar, Pankaj Gupta
Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder, characterized by abnormal, unpredictable, and recurrent seizures. In the alternative medicine system, Artemisia vulgaris has been used to treat epileptic symptoms since its inception. However, scientific evidence concerning its effect on the treatment of epileptic seizures is not available. The objective of the study is to evaluate the anti-convulsant potential of Artemisia vulgaris in zebrafish experimental models. Zebrafish larvae and adult zebrafish were used as experimental models. Briefly, larvae and adult zebrafish were exposed to 0.5% of the test medicine Artemisia vulgaris mother tincture (ϕ) and its potencies (6CH, 30CH), and valproic acid for 1 hour. After 1 hour of exposure, they were exposed to pentylenetetrazole to record different seizure scores from 1 to 5 using ANY maze video tracking software. Artemisia vulgaris 30CH in zebrafish larvae and Artemisia vulgaris 6CH and 30CH in adult zebrafish delayed the latency score from score 1 to score 5 and were found effective against PTZinduced locomotor activity and seizure duration and intensity. In conclusion, Artemisia vulgaris (6CH and 30CH) has the potential to be a novel treatment for symptomatic epileptic seizures and could be a potential alternative drug candidate for symptomatic treatment of epilepsy.
{"title":"Pharmacological Investigation of Anticonvulsant Effect of Artemisia\u0000Vulgaris on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Epileptic Seizures in Zebrafish\u0000Experimental Model","authors":"M. Sharma, G. V. N. Kumar, Pankaj Gupta","doi":"10.2174/0115748855268042231130041958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855268042231130041958","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder, characterized by abnormal,\u0000unpredictable, and recurrent seizures. In the alternative medicine system, Artemisia vulgaris has\u0000been used to treat epileptic symptoms since its inception. However, scientific evidence concerning\u0000its effect on the treatment of epileptic seizures is not available.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective of the study is to evaluate the anti-convulsant potential of Artemisia vulgaris\u0000in zebrafish experimental models.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Zebrafish larvae and adult zebrafish were used as experimental models. Briefly, larvae and\u0000adult zebrafish were exposed to 0.5% of the test medicine Artemisia vulgaris mother tincture (ϕ) and\u0000its potencies (6CH, 30CH), and valproic acid for 1 hour. After 1 hour of exposure, they were exposed\u0000to pentylenetetrazole to record different seizure scores from 1 to 5 using ANY maze video tracking\u0000software.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Artemisia vulgaris 30CH in zebrafish larvae and Artemisia vulgaris 6CH and 30CH in adult\u0000zebrafish delayed the latency score from score 1 to score 5 and were found effective against PTZinduced\u0000locomotor activity and seizure duration and intensity.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In conclusion, Artemisia vulgaris (6CH and 30CH) has the potential to be a novel treatment\u0000for symptomatic epileptic seizures and could be a potential alternative drug candidate for symptomatic\u0000treatment of epilepsy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.2174/0115748855270408230925073813
Rohit Malhotra, Louis Cojandaraj
Nitophyllum marginale holds potential for medical applications due to its bioactive compounds, making it promising for developing new therapeutic interventions. Our study aims to evaluate the bioactivity of Nitophyllum marginale extracts obtained using methanol and chloroform solvents. We focus on analyzing the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, and antidiabetic potential of seaweed extract in this study. By examining the medicinal properties of Nitophyllum marginale, we aim to explore the therapeutic bioactivity potentiality and its prime role in improvising and searching for potential alternatives for seizing Diabetes mellitus. The antioxidant activity of Nitophyllum marginale was evaluated using ABTS, DPPH, nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide assays. Additionally, alphaglucosidase inhibition tests were conducted to evaluate the potential as an antidiabetic agent. The study revealed that extracts from Nitophyllum marginale contain antioxidants that protect cells from oxidative stress. These extracts also contain bioactive compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and carbohydrates. These compounds work together to provide antioxidant benefits. Additionally, the extracts showed activity against alpha-glucosidase, which is vital for managing blood sugar levels. These results emphasize the existence of bioactive metabolites exhibiting phytochemicals, antioxidants, and antidiabetic activities obtained from the extract using chloroform and methanol solvents. These findings suggest the potential of Nitophyllum marginale extracts as a natural reservoir of antioxidants and antidiabetic agents.
{"title":"Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Antioxidants, and Antidiabetic Activity of\u0000Nitophyllum marginale by Using Analytical Approaches","authors":"Rohit Malhotra, Louis Cojandaraj","doi":"10.2174/0115748855270408230925073813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855270408230925073813","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nitophyllum marginale holds potential for medical applications due to its\u0000bioactive compounds, making it promising for developing new therapeutic interventions. Our study\u0000aims to evaluate the bioactivity of Nitophyllum marginale extracts obtained using methanol and\u0000chloroform solvents. We focus on analyzing the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, and antidiabetic\u0000potential of seaweed extract in this study. By examining the medicinal properties\u0000of Nitophyllum marginale, we aim to explore the therapeutic bioactivity potentiality and its prime\u0000role in improvising and searching for potential alternatives for seizing Diabetes mellitus.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The antioxidant activity of Nitophyllum marginale was evaluated using ABTS,\u0000DPPH, nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide assays. Additionally, alphaglucosidase\u0000inhibition tests were conducted to evaluate the potential as an antidiabetic agent.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study revealed that extracts from Nitophyllum marginale contain antioxidants that protect\u0000cells from oxidative stress. These extracts also contain bioactive compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids,\u0000phenols, saponins, and carbohydrates. These compounds work together to provide antioxidant\u0000benefits. Additionally, the extracts showed activity against alpha-glucosidase, which is vital for\u0000managing blood sugar levels.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000These results emphasize the existence of bioactive metabolites exhibiting phytochemicals,\u0000antioxidants, and antidiabetic activities obtained from the extract using chloroform and methanol\u0000solvents. These findings suggest the potential of Nitophyllum marginale extracts as a natural\u0000reservoir of antioxidants and antidiabetic agents.\u0000","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/0115748855281044231206042618
Ali Ali Eissa Qhtani, Mohammed Zayed Alassiry, Yazeed Hussein Al-Jmaai, Mohammed Ayed Almushafi, Hassan Saeed Hassan
Clozapine is a psychiatric medication that may cause various side effects, some of them may be serious and fatal adverse effects, such as severe neutropenia, agranulocytosis, lymphocytopenia, myocarditis, and orthostatic hypotension, that have been associated to an increased risk of death. This study aimed to evaluate the serious and potentially fatal adverse effects of clozapine toxicity in psychic patients at mental health care hospitals in the Southern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. By using a survey, data were retrospectively collected from 193 adult psychic patient reports who have been administrated clozapine with regular follow-ups, in mental health hospitals in the Southern region of Saudi Arabia between 2019 and 2021. Then, these data are recorded and analyzed Statistically using SPSS software, with suitable tests, and predetermined statistical significance (p-value) of less than 0.001. The occurrence of agranulocytosis, neutropenia, hypotension, and seizures showed a highly significant correlation with higher doses of clozapine administration (i.e. p<0.001). Similarly, agranulocytosis and neutropenia were significantly associated with the occurrence of both hypotension and seizures (i.e. p<0.001). The collected data in this study showed an increased incidence of agranulocytosis and neutropenia associated with clozapine-treated psychic patients in the Southern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which warrants further clinical studies to find this correlation.
{"title":"Evaluation of Clozapine-induced Toxicities in Psychic Patients in Mental\u0000Health Care Hospitals in the Southern Region of the Saudi Arabia\u0000Kingdom","authors":"Ali Ali Eissa Qhtani, Mohammed Zayed Alassiry, Yazeed Hussein Al-Jmaai, Mohammed Ayed Almushafi, Hassan Saeed Hassan","doi":"10.2174/0115748855281044231206042618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855281044231206042618","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Clozapine is a psychiatric medication that may cause various side effects,\u0000some of them may be serious and fatal adverse effects, such as severe neutropenia, agranulocytosis,\u0000lymphocytopenia, myocarditis, and orthostatic hypotension, that have been associated to an increased\u0000risk of death.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to evaluate the serious and potentially fatal adverse effects of clozapine\u0000toxicity in psychic patients at mental health care hospitals in the Southern region of the Kingdom of\u0000Saudi Arabia.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000By using a survey, data were retrospectively collected from 193 adult psychic patient reports\u0000who have been administrated clozapine with regular follow-ups, in mental health hospitals in\u0000the Southern region of Saudi Arabia between 2019 and 2021. Then, these data are recorded and analyzed\u0000Statistically using SPSS software, with suitable tests, and predetermined statistical significance\u0000(p-value) of less than 0.001.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The occurrence of agranulocytosis, neutropenia, hypotension, and seizures showed a highly\u0000significant correlation with higher doses of clozapine administration (i.e. p<0.001). Similarly, agranulocytosis\u0000and neutropenia were significantly associated with the occurrence of both hypotension and\u0000seizures (i.e. p<0.001).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The collected data in this study showed an increased incidence of agranulocytosis and\u0000neutropenia associated with clozapine-treated psychic patients in the Southern region of the Kingdom\u0000of Saudi Arabia which warrants further clinical studies to find this correlation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"43 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.2174/0115748855271275231115064229
Z. Ghamari
Regarding end-stage organ disease, transplantation is recommended as the best therapeutic management. After organ transplantation, the incidence of nosocomial urinary tract infections (NUTIs) due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli increases. Regarding end-stage organ disease organ transplantation recommended as the best therapeutic management. After organ transplantation the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli is increasing The study aimed to investigate NUTIs post-transplantation, the main pathogens involved, and sensitivity tests conducted in a tertiary hospital in Isfahan, Iran. A retrospective survey on patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Isfahan (Alzahra), Iran, was performed between 27 March, 2017, and 9 February, 2022. The information recorded included the date of infection, date of hospitalization, gender, age, type of pathogens, and resistance or sensitivity to antibiotics. 73 kidney transplant recipients (61% females) with a mean age of 43. 2 ± 15.1 years were included. Within this population involving both genders, the main pathogens involved in NUTIs were as follows: Escherichia coli (30%), Klebsiella pneumonia (19%), Candida albicans and non-albicans (14%), Enterococcus faecalis (12%), Enterobacteriaceae (8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6%), Staphylococcus spp. (6%), Acinetobacter baumannii (4%), and Streptococcus spp. (4%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed the most sensitivity of isolates against amikacin (n=29; 66%), meropenem (n= 28; 64%), piperacillin/tazobactam (n=26; 54%), cefepime (n= 25; 40%), ceftazidime (n= 27; 30%), ciprofloxacin (n= 40; 18%), and co-trimoxazole (n= 29; 10%). 72 kidney transplant recipients (61 Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Candida spp. are the major causes of NUTIs within organ-transplanted recipients. Amikacin, meropenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam have shown more than 50% sensitivity against isolates. Further evidence-based management associated with the different spectrum antibiotics and overall antimicrobial success rate is recommended to be advantageous.
{"title":"Investigation of Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infections Post Transplantation, Main Pathogens, and Sensitivity Tests","authors":"Z. Ghamari","doi":"10.2174/0115748855271275231115064229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855271275231115064229","url":null,"abstract":"Regarding end-stage organ disease, transplantation is recommended as the best therapeutic management. After organ transplantation, the incidence of nosocomial urinary tract infections (NUTIs) due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli increases. Regarding end-stage organ disease organ transplantation recommended as the best therapeutic management. After organ transplantation the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli is increasing The study aimed to investigate NUTIs post-transplantation, the main pathogens involved, and sensitivity tests conducted in a tertiary hospital in Isfahan, Iran. A retrospective survey on patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Isfahan (Alzahra), Iran, was performed between 27 March, 2017, and 9 February, 2022. The information recorded included the date of infection, date of hospitalization, gender, age, type of pathogens, and resistance or sensitivity to antibiotics. 73 kidney transplant recipients (61% females) with a mean age of 43. 2 ± 15.1 years were included. Within this population involving both genders, the main pathogens involved in NUTIs were as follows: Escherichia coli (30%), Klebsiella pneumonia (19%), Candida albicans and non-albicans (14%), Enterococcus faecalis (12%), Enterobacteriaceae (8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6%), Staphylococcus spp. (6%), Acinetobacter baumannii (4%), and Streptococcus spp. (4%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed the most sensitivity of isolates against amikacin (n=29; 66%), meropenem (n= 28; 64%), piperacillin/tazobactam (n=26; 54%), cefepime (n= 25; 40%), ceftazidime (n= 27; 30%), ciprofloxacin (n= 40; 18%), and co-trimoxazole (n= 29; 10%). 72 kidney transplant recipients (61 Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Candida spp. are the major causes of NUTIs within organ-transplanted recipients. Amikacin, meropenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam have shown more than 50% sensitivity against isolates. Further evidence-based management associated with the different spectrum antibiotics and overall antimicrobial success rate is recommended to be advantageous.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139221899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.2174/0115748855276876231114074145
Jaspreet Lagah, R. Pal, M. Chaitanya, Y. Pal, Sonia Morya
A clinical syndrome known as hypothyroidism occurs due to a shortage of thyroid hormone as a result of decreased production, abnormal distribution, or no action of thyroid hormones. The most typical clinical symptoms included are dry skin, hair loss, weight gain, painful-prolonged periods, infertility, balance problems, slow speech, bradycardia, hypothermia, fatigue, anxiety & depression, joint pain, and indigestion. Basically, age, gender, the severity of the ailment, and a few other factors affect the various signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism. The limitations of allopathic modalities necessitate the investigation of alternative treatment options. Future healthcare initiatives for the poor world will increasingly depend on CAM approaches to these concerns because lifestyle, diet, obesity, lack of exercise, and stress are significant contributing factors to the development of hypothyroidism. This review's objective is to provide information on herbs as well as complementary and alternative medications which are grouped into five major domains: Biologically Based therapies, Manipulative body-based therapies, Mind body-based therapies, and the whole Medical system. These have traditionally been used to treat thyroid dysfunction. The distribution of diseases in emerging nations is altering as a result of globalization. Hence the existing and potential roles of CAM techniques in the general practice of medicine are illustrated in these approaches. Scientists are being compelled to consider traditional herbal medical treatments and CAM therapy in order to combat adverse medication occurrences, high treatment costs, and compliance problems thus described in this review paper.
{"title":"Inclusive Exploration of Harmonizing and Alternative Treatments for Hypothyroidism","authors":"Jaspreet Lagah, R. Pal, M. Chaitanya, Y. Pal, Sonia Morya","doi":"10.2174/0115748855276876231114074145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855276876231114074145","url":null,"abstract":"A clinical syndrome known as hypothyroidism occurs due to a shortage of thyroid hormone as a result of decreased production, abnormal distribution, or no action of thyroid hormones. The most typical clinical symptoms included are dry skin, hair loss, weight gain, painful-prolonged periods, infertility, balance problems, slow speech, bradycardia, hypothermia, fatigue, anxiety & depression, joint pain, and indigestion. Basically, age, gender, the severity of the ailment, and a few other factors affect the various signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism. The limitations of allopathic modalities necessitate the investigation of alternative treatment options. Future healthcare initiatives for the poor world will increasingly depend on CAM approaches to these concerns because lifestyle, diet, obesity, lack of exercise, and stress are significant contributing factors to the development of hypothyroidism. This review's objective is to provide information on herbs as well as complementary and alternative medications which are grouped into five major domains: Biologically Based therapies, Manipulative body-based therapies, Mind body-based therapies, and the whole Medical system. These have traditionally been used to treat thyroid dysfunction. The distribution of diseases in emerging nations is altering as a result of globalization. Hence the existing and potential roles of CAM techniques in the general practice of medicine are illustrated in these approaches. Scientists are being compelled to consider traditional herbal medical treatments and CAM therapy in order to combat adverse medication occurrences, high treatment costs, and compliance problems thus described in this review paper.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139226916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.2174/0115748855274992231114051324
Dilpreet Singh
{"title":"Optogenetics: A New Era of Novel Drug Delivery-Based Approach for Neurodegeneration","authors":"Dilpreet Singh","doi":"10.2174/0115748855274992231114051324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855274992231114051324","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec> <jats:title /> <jats:p /> </jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139230566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.2174/0115748855267831231113112445
A. Chettupalli, Purnachandra Rao Avula, Vivek Chauhan
The vasoselective calcium-channel blocker lercanidipine hydrochloride (LCH) is poorly absorbed orally (only 10% bioavailability) owing to its low solubility and hepatic metabolism. Because of the LCH's poor solubility and permeability, bioavailability is low and very variable, stable aqueous liquid formulations are challenging to create, and a uniform distribution of the medication is almost impossible to produce. The purpose of this research was to see whether an approach involving the development of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) might be used to create an effective, innovative oral formulation of LCH. The efficacy of several synthetic and natural liquid lipids was compared using a hot homogenization-ultrasonication strategy. Following initial improvements with hot homogenization and ultrasonication, the LCHloaded NLCs formulation was fine-tuned by Box-Behnken statistical analysis. The optimal LCHNLCs composition includes the lipid phase (2-4% w/v) of stearic acid and oleic acid, the surfactants poloxamer 188 (1%) and Tween 80(1%), and other ingredients. The optimized NLCs formulation was found to have mean vesicle sizes of 128.72±1.59 nm, polydispersity indices of 0.169±0.06, zeta potentials of -36.81±0.42 mV, and entrapment efficiencies of 79.84±0.11%. The optimized NLCs formulation released much more LCH (88.74±4.62) than the LCH-suspension (36.84±0.37%) in in-vitro drug release experiments lasting up to 24 hours. Ex vivo studies on the ability of LCH-NLCs to pass through the gut showed that drug permeation was much better than it was with plain LCH-solution. The in vivo pharmacodynamic analysis demonstrated that, compared to conventional LCH-suspension, NLCs released LCH more slowly and steadily over a longer time period. These findings provide additional evidence that NLCs have great promise as a drug delivery technology for the treatment of hypertension, just as they show promise as a controlled release formulation for the treatment of LCH.
{"title":"Improved Transdermal Delivery of Anti-hypertensive Drug Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Statistical Design, Optimization, Depiction and Pharmacokinetic Assessment","authors":"A. Chettupalli, Purnachandra Rao Avula, Vivek Chauhan","doi":"10.2174/0115748855267831231113112445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855267831231113112445","url":null,"abstract":"The vasoselective calcium-channel blocker lercanidipine hydrochloride (LCH) is poorly absorbed orally (only 10% bioavailability) owing to its low solubility and hepatic metabolism. Because of the LCH's poor solubility and permeability, bioavailability is low and very variable, stable aqueous liquid formulations are challenging to create, and a uniform distribution of the medication is almost impossible to produce. The purpose of this research was to see whether an approach involving the development of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) might be used to create an effective, innovative oral formulation of LCH. The efficacy of several synthetic and natural liquid lipids was compared using a hot homogenization-ultrasonication strategy. Following initial improvements with hot homogenization and ultrasonication, the LCHloaded NLCs formulation was fine-tuned by Box-Behnken statistical analysis. The optimal LCHNLCs composition includes the lipid phase (2-4% w/v) of stearic acid and oleic acid, the surfactants poloxamer 188 (1%) and Tween 80(1%), and other ingredients. The optimized NLCs formulation was found to have mean vesicle sizes of 128.72±1.59 nm, polydispersity indices of 0.169±0.06, zeta potentials of -36.81±0.42 mV, and entrapment efficiencies of 79.84±0.11%. The optimized NLCs formulation released much more LCH (88.74±4.62) than the LCH-suspension (36.84±0.37%) in in-vitro drug release experiments lasting up to 24 hours. Ex vivo studies on the ability of LCH-NLCs to pass through the gut showed that drug permeation was much better than it was with plain LCH-solution. The in vivo pharmacodynamic analysis demonstrated that, compared to conventional LCH-suspension, NLCs released LCH more slowly and steadily over a longer time period. These findings provide additional evidence that NLCs have great promise as a drug delivery technology for the treatment of hypertension, just as they show promise as a controlled release formulation for the treatment of LCH.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139234563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.2174/0115748855274998231113110529
Dilpreet Singh
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disorder affecting millions worldwide. The pathogenesis of psoriasis involves dysregulated immune responses characterized by aberrant activation of T cells and proinflammatory cytokines. Immunomodulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for managing psoriasis, aiming to restore immune homeostasis. However, despite significant advancements, challenges persist in developing effective immunomodulatory therapies. This abstract reviews recent developments in psoriasis immunomodulation, encompassing novel targets and therapeutic modalities. Advances in biologics targeting interleukins (IL) and their receptors, such as IL-17, IL-23, and IL-12/23, have demonstrated substantial clinical efficacy. Additionally, small molecules that inhibit Janus kinases (JAK) and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) have shown promise in regulating immune responses. Despite these advancements, certain limitations hinder the success of immunomodulatory therapies. Treatment resistance, safety concerns, and high costs remain critical challenges. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of the complex immunopathogenesis of psoriasis is essential for developing targeted and personalized therapies. In conclusion, immunomodulation has revolutionized the management of psoriasis, offering remarkable improvements in patient outcomes. Continued research and innovative therapeutic strategies are needed to overcome current challenges and pave the way for more efficient, safe, and accessible treatments for psoriasis.
银屑病是一种由免疫介导的慢性皮肤病，影响着全球数百万人。银屑病的发病机制涉及以 T 细胞异常激活和促炎细胞因子为特征的免疫反应失调。免疫调节已成为治疗银屑病的一种很有前景的方法，其目的是恢复免疫平衡。然而，尽管取得了重大进展，但开发有效的免疫调节疗法仍面临挑战。本摘要回顾了银屑病免疫调节的最新进展，包括新的靶点和治疗模式。以白细胞介素（IL）及其受体（如IL-17、IL-23和IL-12/23）为靶点的生物制剂取得的进展已显示出巨大的临床疗效。此外，抑制 Janus 激酶 (JAK) 和磷酸二酯酶 4 (PDE4) 的小分子药物也显示出调节免疫反应的前景。尽管取得了这些进展，但某些局限性阻碍了免疫调节疗法的成功。耐药性、安全性问题和高昂的成本仍然是严峻的挑战。此外，深入了解银屑病复杂的免疫发病机制对于开发靶向和个性化疗法至关重要。总之，免疫调节已彻底改变了银屑病的治疗方法，显著改善了患者的治疗效果。我们需要继续研究和创新治疗策略，以克服当前的挑战，并为银屑病的更高效、更安全和更易获得的治疗铺平道路。
{"title":"Challenges in Immunomodulation for Psoriasis: Recent Advancements and Need of Therapies","authors":"Dilpreet Singh","doi":"10.2174/0115748855274998231113110529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855274998231113110529","url":null,"abstract":"Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disorder affecting millions worldwide. The pathogenesis of psoriasis involves dysregulated immune responses characterized by aberrant activation of T cells and proinflammatory cytokines. Immunomodulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for managing psoriasis, aiming to restore immune homeostasis. However, despite significant advancements, challenges persist in developing effective immunomodulatory therapies. This abstract reviews recent developments in psoriasis immunomodulation, encompassing novel targets and therapeutic modalities. Advances in biologics targeting interleukins (IL) and their receptors, such as IL-17, IL-23, and IL-12/23, have demonstrated substantial clinical efficacy. Additionally, small molecules that inhibit Janus kinases (JAK) and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) have shown promise in regulating immune responses. Despite these advancements, certain limitations hinder the success of immunomodulatory therapies. Treatment resistance, safety concerns, and high costs remain critical challenges. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of the complex immunopathogenesis of psoriasis is essential for developing targeted and personalized therapies. In conclusion, immunomodulation has revolutionized the management of psoriasis, offering remarkable improvements in patient outcomes. Continued research and innovative therapeutic strategies are needed to overcome current challenges and pave the way for more efficient, safe, and accessible treatments for psoriasis.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"99 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139238913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.2174/0115748855272391231114042540
R. Pal, Y. Pal, M. Chaitanya, Avijit Mazumder, N. Khurana, Prabin Kumar Tharu
Salicin is a glycoside that can be found in several Salix and Populus species. Salicin is also connected to the glycoside populin, commonly known as benzoyl Salicin, in the Salicaceae tree barks. D-glucose is a component of the alcoholic glycoside Salicin (C13H18O7). The willow tree, as well as other trees like poplar and aspen, contains the natural chemical Salicin, which is a member of the salicylate family. Salicin is an anti-inflammatory and analgesic used in conventional medicine, and it served as the inspiration for the creation of aspirin. This molecule may have important human pharmacological actions that need to be considered in determining the efficacy and safety of willow herbal medicines. The extracts obtained from the bark of the tree, belonging to the Saliceae family in different solvents have been known for possessing many important medicinal values by potent pharmacological actions. The current effort deals with exquisite detailed aspects and concerns related to Salicin, which will be fruitful for the futuristic approaches to Salicin.
{"title":"Discerning the Multi-dimensional Role of Salicin: Bioactive Glycoside Beyond Analgesic: Different Perspectives","authors":"R. Pal, Y. Pal, M. Chaitanya, Avijit Mazumder, N. Khurana, Prabin Kumar Tharu","doi":"10.2174/0115748855272391231114042540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855272391231114042540","url":null,"abstract":"Salicin is a glycoside that can be found in several Salix and Populus species. Salicin is also connected to the glycoside populin, commonly known as benzoyl Salicin, in the Salicaceae tree barks. D-glucose is a component of the alcoholic glycoside Salicin (C13H18O7). The willow tree, as well as other trees like poplar and aspen, contains the natural chemical Salicin, which is a member of the salicylate family. Salicin is an anti-inflammatory and analgesic used in conventional medicine, and it served as the inspiration for the creation of aspirin. This molecule may have important human pharmacological actions that need to be considered in determining the efficacy and safety of willow herbal medicines. The extracts obtained from the bark of the tree, belonging to the Saliceae family in different solvents have been known for possessing many important medicinal values by potent pharmacological actions. The current effort deals with exquisite detailed aspects and concerns related to Salicin, which will be fruitful for the futuristic approaches to Salicin.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139247242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.2174/0115748855262877231114050949
Nitin Rajan, Shubham Kanaujiya
The creation of innovative drug delivery systems to enhance therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and patient compliance has resulted in considerable developments in pharmaceutics in recent years. The most recent formulation techniques and technologies are reviewed in this article to improve medication distribution and accomplish specific therapeutic goals. This article thoroughly summarizes the most recent formulation techniques and technologies used to enhance medication delivery and provide specific therapeutic effects. It discusses the variety of medication delivery methods, including nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, and dendrimers, and explores the application of nanotechnology and biotechnology in drug delivery. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the significance of targeted drug delivery systems and their capacity to cross biological barriers including the blood-brain barrier and tumor microenvironment. The review also addresses the challenges faced in developing and commercializing drug delivery systems and suggests potential solutions to overcome them. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the role of computational modeling and simulation in designing and optimizing drug delivery systems. Overall, this review paper offers insightful information for pharmaceutics researchers, scientists, and practitioners that will help in the creation of novel drug delivery systems that improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of Drug Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Formulation Strategies and Technologies in the Field of Pharmaceutics","authors":"Nitin Rajan, Shubham Kanaujiya","doi":"10.2174/0115748855262877231114050949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855262877231114050949","url":null,"abstract":"The creation of innovative drug delivery systems to enhance therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and patient compliance has resulted in considerable developments in pharmaceutics in recent years. The most recent formulation techniques and technologies are reviewed in this article to improve medication distribution and accomplish specific therapeutic goals. This article thoroughly summarizes the most recent formulation techniques and technologies used to enhance medication delivery and provide specific therapeutic effects. It discusses the variety of medication delivery methods, including nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, and dendrimers, and explores the application of nanotechnology and biotechnology in drug delivery. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the significance of targeted drug delivery systems and their capacity to cross biological barriers including the blood-brain barrier and tumor microenvironment. The review also addresses the challenges faced in developing and commercializing drug delivery systems and suggests potential solutions to overcome them. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the role of computational modeling and simulation in designing and optimizing drug delivery systems. Overall, this review paper offers insightful information for pharmaceutics researchers, scientists, and practitioners that will help in the creation of novel drug delivery systems that improve patient outcomes and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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