Objective: To reveal the function and underlying mechanism of Tri-domain protein 22 (TRIM22) in psoriasis.
Methods: M5 cytokines were applied in HaCat cells to mimic psoriasis in vitro. The TRIM22-silencing viruses were established to knockdown TRIM22 in HaCat cells. Western blot and/or real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of TRIM22, KRT1, KRT6, p-P65, P65, LC3, Beclin 1, P62, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-Akt, Akt, p-mTOR, and mTOR. ELISA kits were applied to assess levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, and HMGB1.
Results: TRIM22 expression levels were upregulated in M5-treated HaCat cells. M5 treatment enhanced cell proliferation and inflammation, and inhibited autophagy in HaCat cells which were effectively reversed by TRIM22 deficiency. Activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is an essential promoter of cell proliferation and inflammation, and inhibitor of autophagy in psoriasis. TRIM22 deficiency blocked M5-induced activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in HaCat cells.
Conclusions: TRIM22 facilitates cell proliferation and inflammation, and suppresses autophagy in M5-treated HaCat cells through activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and inhibition of TRIM22 can be a novel potential treatment for psoriasis.
目的:探讨三结构域蛋白22 (Tri-domain protein 22, TRIM22)在银屑病中的作用及其机制。方法:M5细胞因子应用于HaCat细胞体外模拟银屑病。TRIM22沉默病毒可在HaCat细胞中敲除TRIM22。采用Western blot和/或real-time PCR检测TRIM22、KRT1、KRT6、p-P65、P65、LC3、Beclin 1、P62、p-PI3K、PI3K、p-Akt、Akt、p-mTOR、mTOR的表达。采用ELISA试剂盒检测TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-18和HMGB1的水平。结果:TRIM22在m5处理的HaCat细胞中表达水平上调。M5处理增强了HaCat细胞的增殖和炎症,抑制了HaCat细胞的自噬,而TRIM22缺乏有效地逆转了这种自噬。PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路的激活是银屑病细胞增殖和炎症的重要促进因子,也是自噬的抑制因子。TRIM22缺失阻断了m5诱导的HaCat细胞中PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路的激活。结论:TRIM22通过激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路,促进m5处理的HaCat细胞增殖和炎症,抑制自噬,抑制TRIM22可能是一种新的潜在治疗银屑病的方法。
{"title":"TRIM22 actives PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to promote psoriasis through enhancing cell proliferation and inflammation and inhibiting autophagy.","authors":"Yuanyuan Ren, Hailiang Dong, Rujun Jin, Jianxiong Jiang, Xiaoyang Zhang","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2127750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2127750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To reveal the function and underlying mechanism of Tri-domain protein 22 (TRIM22) in psoriasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>M5 cytokines were applied in HaCat cells to mimic psoriasis in vitro. The TRIM22-silencing viruses were established to knockdown TRIM22 in HaCat cells. Western blot and/or real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of TRIM22, KRT1, KRT6, p-P65, P65, LC3, Beclin 1, P62, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-Akt, Akt, p-mTOR, and mTOR. ELISA kits were applied to assess levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, and HMGB1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TRIM22 expression levels were upregulated in M5-treated HaCat cells. M5 treatment enhanced cell proliferation and inflammation, and inhibited autophagy in HaCat cells which were effectively reversed by TRIM22 deficiency. Activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is an essential promoter of cell proliferation and inflammation, and inhibitor of autophagy in psoriasis. TRIM22 deficiency blocked M5-induced activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in HaCat cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TRIM22 facilitates cell proliferation and inflammation, and suppresses autophagy in M5-treated HaCat cells through activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and inhibition of TRIM22 can be a novel potential treatment for psoriasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40377673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2022-10-29DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2136193
Buğra Karasu, Enes Kesim, Mert Kaskal, Ali Rıza Cenk Celebi
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical dexamethasone (DEX) eye drops in combination with a single perioperative subtenon triamcinolone acetonide (sTA) injection versus conventional topical DEX eye drops in the prevention of ocular inflammation and cystoid macular edema following cataract surgery.
Materials and methods: Medical records of 245 eyes of 245 patients who underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery were analyzed in this retrospective controlled clinical study. Topical DEX eye drops were administered to 128 eyes routinely postoperatively, and 117 eyes were given a single dose of sTA (40 mg/ml) together with topical DEX eye drops for postoperative care. Postoperative topical antibiotic prophylaxis was applied to all eyes. The primary outcomes were anterior chamber (AC) cells and flare, central macular thickness (CMT), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements on day 7, day 30, day 90, and day 180 following surgery.
Results: Although CMT increased in the DEX group, no increment was observed in the DEX + sTA treated group for all follow-up periods (on day 7 (+1.3 ± 18.6 and -8.7 ± 21.9 μm, p = 0.038), on day 30 (+20.5 ± 58.4 and -4.1 ± 25.2 μm, p = 0.009), on day 90 (+7.2 ± 19.9 and -5.7 ± 30.6 μm, p = 0.029), and on day 180 (+8.2 ± 22.6 and -6.4 ± 32.9 μm, p = 0.032)). There was no significant difference in terms of AC cells and flare between the two groups during the entire follow-up period (p > 0.05). Significant improvement in BCVA was observed in the DEX + sTA group at day 30 (p = 0.008). IOP differences were comparable, and both groups had high ocular tolerance. There were no severe adverse effects recorded.
Conclusions: Topical DEX eye drops in combination with single dose perioperative injection of sTA have robust efficacy in preventing ocular inflammation and the development of cystoid macular edema following uncomplicated cataract surgery.
目的:评价地塞米松(DEX)滴眼液联合单次曲安奈德(sTA)围手术期注射与常规地塞米松滴眼液预防白内障术后眼部炎症和囊样黄斑水肿的疗效和安全性。材料与方法:回顾性对照临床分析245例无并发症白内障手术患者245只眼的病历。128只眼术后常规外用DEX滴眼液,117只眼术后单剂量sTA (40 mg/ml)联合外用DEX滴眼液进行护理。术后所有眼均应用局部抗生素预防。主要结果是手术后第7天、第30天、第90天和第180天的前房(AC)细胞和耀斑、中央黄斑厚度(CMT)、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和眼压(IOP)测量。结果:虽然DEX组CMT升高,但DEX + sTA组在随访期间(第7天(+1.3±18.6和-8.7±21.9 μm, p = 0.038)、第30天(+20.5±58.4和-4.1±25.2 μm, p = 0.009)、第90天(+7.2±19.9和-5.7±30.6 μm, p = 0.029)、第180天(+8.2±22.6和-6.4±32.9 μm, p = 0.032)均未见CMT升高。在整个随访期间,两组间AC细胞和光照度比较,差异均无统计学意义(p > 0.05)。DEX + sTA组在第30天BCVA有显著改善(p = 0.008)。IOP差异具有可比性,两组均具有较高的眼耐受性。没有严重的不良反应记录。结论:局部DEX滴眼液联合单剂量sTA围手术期注射对预防无并发症白内障术后眼部炎症及囊样黄斑水肿的发生有较好的疗效。
{"title":"Efficacy of topical dexamethasone eye drops in preventing ocular inflammation and cystoid macular edema following uncomplicated cataract surgery with or without injection of a single dose perioperative subtenon triamcinolone acetonide.","authors":"Buğra Karasu, Enes Kesim, Mert Kaskal, Ali Rıza Cenk Celebi","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2136193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2136193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical dexamethasone (DEX) eye drops in combination with a single perioperative subtenon triamcinolone acetonide (sTA) injection versus conventional topical DEX eye drops in the prevention of ocular inflammation and cystoid macular edema following cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Medical records of 245 eyes of 245 patients who underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery were analyzed in this retrospective controlled clinical study. Topical DEX eye drops were administered to 128 eyes routinely postoperatively, and 117 eyes were given a single dose of sTA (40 mg/ml) together with topical DEX eye drops for postoperative care. Postoperative topical antibiotic prophylaxis was applied to all eyes. The primary outcomes were anterior chamber (AC) cells and flare, central macular thickness (CMT), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements on day 7, day 30, day 90, and day 180 following surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although CMT increased in the DEX group, no increment was observed in the DEX + sTA treated group for all follow-up periods (on day 7 (+1.3 ± 18.6 and -8.7 ± 21.9 μm, <i>p</i> = 0.038), on day 30 (+20.5 ± 58.4 and -4.1 ± 25.2 μm, <i>p</i> = 0.009), on day 90 (+7.2 ± 19.9 and -5.7 ± 30.6 μm, <i>p</i> = 0.029), and on day 180 (+8.2 ± 22.6 and -6.4 ± 32.9 μm, <i>p</i> = 0.032)). There was no significant difference in terms of AC cells and flare between the two groups during the entire follow-up period (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Significant improvement in BCVA was observed in the DEX + sTA group at day 30 (<i>p</i> = 0.008). IOP differences were comparable, and both groups had high ocular tolerance. There were no severe adverse effects recorded.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Topical DEX eye drops in combination with single dose perioperative injection of sTA have robust efficacy in preventing ocular inflammation and the development of cystoid macular edema following uncomplicated cataract surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40432255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2022-10-28DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2138145
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2138145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2138145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40652341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction As a major public health issue, skin cancer is a leading reason of death and has resulted in significant financial and human losses globally. Numerous environmental and internal variables may both drive and exacerbate the pathophysiology of skin cancer. Marine herbs and animals, including marine sponges, cucumbers, and squirts, have been shown to have cytotoxic consequences on cancerous cells in prior research. Purpose melanoma mitochondria obtained from the skin of melanoma animal models are studied in this research to see whether extracts from Cistanche tubulosa, a plant endemic to the northern coasts of the Persian Gulf, have a cytotoxic impact on them. Material and method In this study, the mitochondria were isolated from melanoma cells via differential centrifugation and treated with various concentrations (1250, 2500 and 5000 µg/ml) of methanolic extract of C. tubulosa. Then MTT, ROS, MMP decline, mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release and flow cytometry assays were performed on them. Results The results of the MTT assay showed that the IC50 of C. tubulosa extract is 2500 μg/ml and C. tubulosa extract induced a selectively significant (P < 0.05) concentration-dependent decrease in the SDH activity in cancerous skin mitochondria. The ROS results also showed that all concentrations of C. tubulosa extracts significantly increased ROS production, MMP decline and the release of cytochrome c in cancer group mitochondria. The swelling of mitochondria isolated from the cancer group was significantly increased compared to the control group. In addition, the results of the apoptosis assay showed that the addition of root extract of C. tubulosa on melanoma cells increased apoptosis, while it had no effect on control non-tumour cells. Discussion and conclusion Based on these results, the presence of potentially bioactive compounds in C. tubulosa makes this Persian Gulf coastal herb a strong candidate for further molecular studies and clinical research in the field of melanoma cancer therapy.
{"title":"Selective toxicity of <i>Cistanche tubulosa</i> root extract on cancerous skin mitochondria isolated from animal model of melanoma.","authors":"Yalda Arast, Mobina Heidary, Farahnaz Tanbakosazan, Somaye Behnamipour, Amir Vazirizadeh, Jalal Pourahmad","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2096628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2096628","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction As a major public health issue, skin cancer is a leading reason of death and has resulted in significant financial and human losses globally. Numerous environmental and internal variables may both drive and exacerbate the pathophysiology of skin cancer. Marine herbs and animals, including marine sponges, cucumbers, and squirts, have been shown to have cytotoxic consequences on cancerous cells in prior research. Purpose melanoma mitochondria obtained from the skin of melanoma animal models are studied in this research to see whether extracts from Cistanche tubulosa, a plant endemic to the northern coasts of the Persian Gulf, have a cytotoxic impact on them. Material and method In this study, the mitochondria were isolated from melanoma cells via differential centrifugation and treated with various concentrations (1250, 2500 and 5000 µg/ml) of methanolic extract of C. tubulosa. Then MTT, ROS, MMP decline, mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release and flow cytometry assays were performed on them. Results The results of the MTT assay showed that the IC50 of C. tubulosa extract is 2500 μg/ml and C. tubulosa extract induced a selectively significant (P < 0.05) concentration-dependent decrease in the SDH activity in cancerous skin mitochondria. The ROS results also showed that all concentrations of C. tubulosa extracts significantly increased ROS production, MMP decline and the release of cytochrome c in cancer group mitochondria. The swelling of mitochondria isolated from the cancer group was significantly increased compared to the control group. In addition, the results of the apoptosis assay showed that the addition of root extract of C. tubulosa on melanoma cells increased apoptosis, while it had no effect on control non-tumour cells. Discussion and conclusion Based on these results, the presence of potentially bioactive compounds in C. tubulosa makes this Persian Gulf coastal herb a strong candidate for further molecular studies and clinical research in the field of melanoma cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40568549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-07-07DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2094941
Raziye Dönmez Gün, Ayşe Sena Yumbul Kardaş, Tuna Gümüş, Büşra Kaya Adaş, Burcu Duygu Başarır
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) on central macular thickness (CMT) and choroidal thickness (CT).
Materials and methods: The study included 42 healthy eyes of 21 patients with ISSNHL (aged 24-61 years) who started HBOT within the first three days of the onset of hearing loss. Duration and severity of hearing loss were noted before starting HBOT. Central macular thickness (CMT), choroidal thickness (CT) 1500 µm nasal and temporal of the fovea, and subfoveal CT were measured by spectral domain optic coherence tomography before the first session of HBOT and after sessions 10 and 20. Measurements obtained before and after HBOT were compared.
Results: Eleven patients (52.4%) were men and 10 (47.6%) were women. The mean age was 44.67 ± 10.1 years. The mean duration of sudden hearing loss before HBOT was 2.05 ± 1 day. Hearing loss was mild in five patients, moderate in five patients, moderate to severe in 2 patients, severe in 4 patients and profound in 5 patients. Comparison of measurements obtained before HBOT and after 10 and 20 sessions of HBOT revealed no significant differences in CMT (219.17 ± 22.91, 220.33 ± 19.66, and 220.21 ± 19.3 µm), subfoveal CT (347.71 ± 66.82, 348.38 ± 74.55, and 345.45 ± 75.39 µm), nasal CT (328.64 ± 82.31, 316.02 ± 79.32, and 313.52 ± 89.92 µm), or temporal CT (321.76 ± 71.29, 317.05 ± 73.94, and 314.05 ± 74.61 µm, respectively) (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: HBOT for the treatment of ISSNHL had no significant effect on CMT or CT in healthy eyes.
{"title":"The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on central macular thickness and choroidal thickness in the healthy eyes of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.","authors":"Raziye Dönmez Gün, Ayşe Sena Yumbul Kardaş, Tuna Gümüş, Büşra Kaya Adaş, Burcu Duygu Başarır","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2094941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2094941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) on central macular thickness (CMT) and choroidal thickness (CT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 42 healthy eyes of 21 patients with ISSNHL (aged 24-61 years) who started HBOT within the first three days of the onset of hearing loss. Duration and severity of hearing loss were noted before starting HBOT. Central macular thickness (CMT), choroidal thickness (CT) 1500 µm nasal and temporal of the fovea, and subfoveal CT were measured by spectral domain optic coherence tomography before the first session of HBOT and after sessions 10 and 20. Measurements obtained before and after HBOT were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven patients (52.4%) were men and 10 (47.6%) were women. The mean age was 44.67 ± 10.1 years. The mean duration of sudden hearing loss before HBOT was 2.05 ± 1 day. Hearing loss was mild in five patients, moderate in five patients, moderate to severe in 2 patients, severe in 4 patients and profound in 5 patients. Comparison of measurements obtained before HBOT and after 10 and 20 sessions of HBOT revealed no significant differences in CMT (219.17 ± 22.91, 220.33 ± 19.66, and 220.21 ± 19.3 µm), subfoveal CT (347.71 ± 66.82, 348.38 ± 74.55, and 345.45 ± 75.39 µm), nasal CT (328.64 ± 82.31, 316.02 ± 79.32, and 313.52 ± 89.92 µm), or temporal CT (321.76 ± 71.29, 317.05 ± 73.94, and 314.05 ± 74.61 µm, respectively) (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HBOT for the treatment of ISSNHL had no significant effect on CMT or CT in healthy eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40410755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-06-30DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2077751
Eka Devinta Novi Diana, Suci Widhiati, Moerbono Mochtar, Muhammad Eko Irawanto
Background: Occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) is a skin disorder caused by contact with any substances found in the workplace. Occupational contact dermatitis is second most common occupational disease (15% of all cases of occupational disease). Occupational contact dermatitis is divided into allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) which is 80% of cases that affects hands. Batik is an art that is painted on cloth, it is one of Indonesian cultural heritage. Batik workers have a higher risk of obtaining OCD due to exposure to chemicals and fluids used during work. Natural dyes used in the dyeing process are less likely to cause ACD than standard allergens. Some of the natural dyes used in the dyeing process in batik industries are Indigofera tinctoria, sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan), and Mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni) cause skin sensitisation.
Objective: To compare the results of patch testing between natural dyes (Indigofera tinctoria, sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan), and Mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni) with standard allergens (p-phneyldiamine 0.1%, potassium dichromate 0.5% and formaldehyde 0.1%) as a cause of ACD in batik workers in Surakarta, East Java, Indonesia.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 63 subjects batik workers with OCD in Surakarta, East Java, Indonesia. Subjects were patch tested with three standard allergens (p-phenylenediamine 0.1%, potassium dichromate 0.5%, and formaldehyde 1%) and natural dyes (Indigofera tinctoria, sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan), and Mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni). A closed patch test was evaluated 48 and 96 hour later. Screening of OCD in batik workers in Surakarta, East Java, Indonesia was based on Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire NOSQ-2002, and diagnosis of OCD was based on Mathias criteria (at least 4 out of 7 criteria were met). Data were analysed using a non-parametric Chi-square test with SPSS 21 with a significant difference if the p-value < 0.05.
Result: Natural dyes significantly caused allergic contact dermatitis in batik workers in Surakarta, East Java, Indonesia than standard allergens (p = 0.016). A positive patch test was found in 11 patients, standard allergen p-phenylenediamine (PPD) 0.1% was seen on one patient, potassium dichromate 0.5% on two patients, and formaldehyde 1% on two patients. A positive patch test using Indigofera tinctoria was found at one patient, sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan) in three patients, and Mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni) in five patients.
Conclusion: Natural dyes cause more positive patch test results in batik workers.
{"title":"Comparison between patch test results of natural dyes and standard allergens in batik workers with occupational contact dermatitis.","authors":"Eka Devinta Novi Diana, Suci Widhiati, Moerbono Mochtar, Muhammad Eko Irawanto","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2077751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2077751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) is a skin disorder caused by contact with any substances found in the workplace. Occupational contact dermatitis is second most common occupational disease (15% of all cases of occupational disease). Occupational contact dermatitis is divided into allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) which is 80% of cases that affects hands. Batik is an art that is painted on cloth, it is one of Indonesian cultural heritage. Batik workers have a higher risk of obtaining OCD due to exposure to chemicals and fluids used during work. Natural dyes used in the dyeing process are less likely to cause ACD than standard allergens. Some of the natural dyes used in the dyeing process in batik industries are <i>Indigofera tinctoria</i>, sappan wood (<i>Caesalpinia sappan</i>), and Mahagony (<i>Swietenia mahagoni</i>) cause skin sensitisation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the results of patch testing between natural dyes (<i>Indigofera tinctoria</i>, sappan wood (<i>Caesalpinia sappan</i>), and Mahagony (<i>Swietenia mahagoni</i>) with standard allergens (p-phneyldiamine 0.1%, potassium dichromate 0.5% and formaldehyde 0.1%) as a cause of ACD in batik workers in Surakarta, East Java, Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 63 subjects batik workers with OCD in Surakarta, East Java, Indonesia. Subjects were patch tested with three standard allergens (p-phenylenediamine 0.1%, potassium dichromate 0.5%, and formaldehyde 1%) and natural dyes (<i>Indigofera tinctoria</i>, sappan wood (<i>Caesalpinia sappan</i>), and Mahagony (<i>Swietenia mahagoni</i>). A closed patch test was evaluated 48 and 96 hour later. Screening of OCD in batik workers in Surakarta, East Java, Indonesia was based on Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire NOSQ-2002, and diagnosis of OCD was based on Mathias criteria (at least 4 out of 7 criteria were met). Data were analysed using a non-parametric Chi-square test with SPSS 21 with a significant difference if the <i>p</i>-value < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Natural dyes significantly caused allergic contact dermatitis in batik workers in Surakarta, East Java, Indonesia than standard allergens (<i>p</i> = 0.016). A positive patch test was found in 11 patients, standard allergen p-phenylenediamine (PPD) 0.1% was seen on one patient, potassium dichromate 0.5% on two patients, and formaldehyde 1% on two patients. A positive patch test using <i>Indigofera tinctoria</i> was found at one patient, sappan wood (<i>Caesalpinia sappan</i>) in three patients, and Mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni) in five patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Natural dyes cause more positive patch test results in batik workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40551173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-08-25DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2113957
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2113957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2113957","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40638268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-08-29DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2111574
Gerry P Dillon, Colm A Moran
Purpose: Of the several selenized yeasts authorised for use as feed additives in the EU, Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3060 inactivated' (Sel-Plex®), was the first to be approved for use, in 2006. The additive has a concentration of selenium between 2000 and 2400 mg/kg and a selenomethionine content greater than 63%. Previous toxicological and safety studies have shown Sel-Plex® to be safe for use for target animal species, consumers, users and the environment. A new formulation of Sel-Plex® was recently developed however, with a minimum selenium content of 3000 mg/kg. The increase in selenium in this product, Sel-Plex® 3000, presented the need to assess the risk for workers and users and to establish if there would be any eye and/or skin irritancy and skin sensitisation effects associated with the product. The purpose of this paper is to present the methodology and results of the user safety skin and eye studies performed on Sel-Plex® 3000.Materials & Methods: In vitro skin and eye models were used to assess skin and eye irritancy, while skin sensitisation was examined using an in vivo method. The acute eye irritation was evaluated using a Reconstructed human Cornea-like Epithelium (RhCE) model, which followed the OECD guideline 492. The skin irritation was assessed based on its ability to induce cell death in a commercial reconstructed human epidermis (RhE) model (EPISKIN™) according to the OECD Guideline No. 439. The skin sensitising potential was evaluated in the Guinea pig in line with OECD Guideline 406, and measured the extent and degree of skin reaction to a challenge exposure following previous topical exposure of a substance on the skin.Results: The skin and eye irritation test results showed that Sel-Plex® 3000 was a non-irritant in both cases. The skin sensitisation study showed that the additive did not generate a sensitisation response in the guinea pig and should not be considered a skin sensitiser.Conclusion: These results indicate that Sel-Plex® 3000 is safe to use for workers in an industrial setting when handling the product and the studies may be further used to support regulatory compliance in respective markets.
{"title":"The user safety assessment of a selenized yeast feed additive.","authors":"Gerry P Dillon, Colm A Moran","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2111574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2111574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Of the several selenized yeasts authorised for use as feed additives in the EU, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> CNCM I-3060 inactivated' (Sel-Plex<sup>®</sup>), was the first to be approved for use, in 2006. The additive has a concentration of selenium between 2000 and 2400 mg/kg and a selenomethionine content greater than 63%. Previous toxicological and safety studies have shown Sel-Plex<sup>®</sup> to be safe for use for target animal species, consumers, users and the environment. A new formulation of Sel-Plex<sup>®</sup> was recently developed however, with a minimum selenium content of 3000 mg/kg. The increase in selenium in this product, Sel-Plex<sup>®</sup> 3000, presented the need to assess the risk for workers and users and to establish if there would be any eye and/or skin irritancy and skin sensitisation effects associated with the product. The purpose of this paper is to present the methodology and results of the user safety skin and eye studies performed on Sel-Plex<sup>®</sup> 3000.<b>Materials & Methods:</b> In vitro skin and eye models were used to assess skin and eye irritancy, while skin sensitisation was examined using an in vivo method. The acute eye irritation was evaluated using a Reconstructed human Cornea-like Epithelium (RhCE) model, which followed the OECD guideline 492. The skin irritation was assessed based on its ability to induce cell death in a commercial reconstructed human epidermis (RhE) model (EPISKIN™) according to the OECD Guideline No. 439. The skin sensitising potential was evaluated in the Guinea pig in line with OECD Guideline 406, and measured the extent and degree of skin reaction to a challenge exposure following previous topical exposure of a substance on the skin.<b>Results:</b> The skin and eye irritation test results showed that Sel-Plex<sup>®</sup> 3000 was a non-irritant in both cases. The skin sensitisation study showed that the additive did not generate a sensitisation response in the guinea pig and should not be considered a skin sensitiser.<b>Conclusion:</b> These results indicate that Sel-Plex<sup>®</sup> 3000 is safe to use for workers in an industrial setting when handling the product and the studies may be further used to support regulatory compliance in respective markets.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33445674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2109658
Jing Wei, Qianghua Quan, Peiyu Wang, Yiming Wang, Tong Huo, Quan An
Purpose: We aimed to find active substances to help relieve the symptoms caused by increased photosensitivity after alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) peeling.
Methods: A questionnaire survey was provided to 66 patients who received AHA peeling therapy to understand if increased photosensitivity existed and its specific symptoms. We verified increased photosensitivity after AHA peeling by monitoring cell viability to detect the combined toxicity of glycolic acid (GA) and UVB in HaCaT cells. The ELISA method was used to determine the expression of KLK7, FLG, IL-1β, and IL-8 to correlate damage to the skin barrier and inflammation induced by GA and UVB and the relieving effects of Portulaca oleracea extract.
Results: Our survey results showed that 6.06% of people were more sensitive to sunlight after AHA peeling than before. Experiments at the cellular level showed that UVB induced cytotoxicity on HaCaT cells pre-treated with GA. Combined exposure of GA and UVB induced up-regulation of KLK7 and down-regulation of FLG and increased inflammatory cytokines of IL-1β and IL-8. P. oleracea extract inhibited the reduction of FLG and increased KLK7, IL-1β, and IL-8 expression caused by combined exposure.
Conclusions: Our study found that combined exposure to GA and UV disrupted the skin barrier and induced significant inflammation. These results provided a theoretical basis for increased photosensitivity after chemical peeling. P. oleracea extract ameliorated GA and UVB-induced impaired skin barrier function and inflammation in HaCaT cells and may have the potential to relieve photosensitivity after AHA peeling.
{"title":"<i>Portulaca oleracea</i> extract relieves skin barrier damage induced by increased photosensitivity after GA peeling.","authors":"Jing Wei, Qianghua Quan, Peiyu Wang, Yiming Wang, Tong Huo, Quan An","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2022.2109658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2022.2109658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to find active substances to help relieve the symptoms caused by increased photosensitivity after alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) peeling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire survey was provided to 66 patients who received AHA peeling therapy to understand if increased photosensitivity existed and its specific symptoms. We verified increased photosensitivity after AHA peeling by monitoring cell viability to detect the combined toxicity of glycolic acid (GA) and UVB in HaCaT cells. The ELISA method was used to determine the expression of KLK7, FLG, IL-1β, and IL-8 to correlate damage to the skin barrier and inflammation induced by GA and UVB and the relieving effects of <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> extract.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our survey results showed that 6.06% of people were more sensitive to sunlight after AHA peeling than before. Experiments at the cellular level showed that UVB induced cytotoxicity on HaCaT cells pre-treated with GA. Combined exposure of GA and UVB induced up-regulation of KLK7 and down-regulation of FLG and increased inflammatory cytokines of IL-1β and IL-8. <i>P. oleracea</i> extract inhibited the reduction of FLG and increased KLK7, IL-1β, and IL-8 expression caused by combined exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study found that combined exposure to GA and UV disrupted the skin barrier and induced significant inflammation. These results provided a theoretical basis for increased photosensitivity after chemical peeling. <i>P. oleracea</i> extract ameliorated GA and UVB-induced impaired skin barrier function and inflammation in HaCaT cells and may have the potential to relieve photosensitivity after AHA peeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40580083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-07-15DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2021.1973023
Haitao Yang, Qingwu Yang, Linfei Zheng
Purpose: As a characteristic of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), choroidal neovascularization (CNV) causes severe vision loss. The current treatment has limited efficacy. This study was to investigate effects of Salidroside against CNV and explore its underlying mechanisms.
Methods: RF/6A cells were treated with 200 mM cobalt chloride (CoCl2) for 6 hr to mimic hypoxic condition. Cells were then treated with Salidroside at 10, 30, and 100 µM for 24 hr. Cells treated with DMSO were used as negative control. The cell proliferation was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromid assay. The tube formation was investigated on Matrigel. The cell migration was measured by a Transwell assay. RT-qPCR was used to detect the gene expression. Immuohistochemistry and western blot were used to detect the expression of proteins.
Results: Salidroside significantly inhibited the cell migration and tube formation activity of RF/6A cells under hypoxia. Moreover, Salidroside reduced the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in RF/6A cells.
Conclusions: Our data suggested that Salidroside could be a potential novel therapeutic agent against CNV.
{"title":"Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 by salidroside in an <i>in vitro</i> model of choroidal neovascularization.","authors":"Haitao Yang, Qingwu Yang, Linfei Zheng","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2021.1973023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2021.1973023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>As a characteristic of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), choroidal neovascularization (CNV) causes severe vision loss. The current treatment has limited efficacy. This study was to investigate effects of Salidroside against CNV and explore its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RF/6A cells were treated with 200 mM cobalt chloride (CoCl<sub>2</sub>) for 6 hr to mimic hypoxic condition. Cells were then treated with Salidroside at 10, 30, and 100 µM for 24 hr. Cells treated with DMSO were used as negative control. The cell proliferation was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromid assay. The tube formation was investigated on Matrigel. The cell migration was measured by a Transwell assay. RT-qPCR was used to detect the gene expression. Immuohistochemistry and western blot were used to detect the expression of proteins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Salidroside significantly inhibited the cell migration and tube formation activity of RF/6A cells under hypoxia. Moreover, Salidroside reduced the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in RF/6A cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data suggested that Salidroside could be a potential novel therapeutic agent against CNV.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39340837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}