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Determination of heavy metals and risk assessment in nail cosmetics sold in Seoul, Korea. 在韩国首尔销售的指甲化妆品中重金属的测定和风险评估。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2223285
Suun Kim, Chaeman Choi, Myeongsook Lee, Insook Hwang

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate some toxic levels of nail cosmetics marketed in Seoul, Korea and health risk assessment on humans.

Methods: We collected 45 random nail cosmetics and analysed for lead, cadmium, arsenic and antimony by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).

Results: Four metals concentrations were Pb 0.037 ± 0.083 (p < 0.05) and Sb concentrations in 6 samples were above the acceptable limits in Korea. As the result of the health risk assessment, MoS, HQ and HI values for Pb, As and Cd were within the permissible limit, but outside the acceptable range of Sb. LCR value was lower than the allowed limit for all nail cosmetics.

Discussion and conclusion: Six nail cosmetics had high antimony concentrations which were higher than the current legal limit in Korea. Because of 6 high antimony concentrations, MoS, HQ and HI were outside the acceptable range. LCR value for Pb, As and Cd was below 1 0 -6 which was lower than the permissible limit and nail cosmetics may not possess lifetime cancer risk. Our results suggested that metals were present in nail cosmetics at diverse concentrations and some nail cosmetics appeared to pose a harmful impact on health.

目的:本研究的目的是评估在韩国首尔市销售的指甲化妆品的一些毒性水平和对人体的健康风险评估。方法:随机抽取45件美甲化妆品,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)对化妆品中铅、镉、砷、锑的含量进行分析。结果:4种金属浓度分别为Pb 0.037±0.083 (p)。讨论与结论:6种指甲化妆品的锑含量均高于韩国现行法定限量。由于6个锑浓度较高,MoS、HQ、HI均不在可接受范围内。铅、砷、镉的LCR值低于10 ~ 6,低于允许限值,指甲化妆品可能不具有终身癌症风险。我们的研究结果表明,金属在指甲化妆品中以不同的浓度存在,一些指甲化妆品似乎对健康造成有害影响。
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引用次数: 0
Compare of optic coherence tomography parameters in recreational synthetic tetrahydrocannabinol use and healthy control. 娱乐性合成四氢大麻酚使用与健康对照的光学相干断层成像参数比较。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2234042
Mehmet Tahir Eski, Kuddusi Teberik, Sezer Taha, Bora Büken, Feruza Turan Sönmez

Purpose: To evaluate retinal thickness (RT), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), and choroidal thickness (CT) changes in synthetic cannabinoid (SC) users.

Methods: This prospective study evaluated the RT, RNFLT, and CT values of 56 SC users and 58 healthy controls. The individuals using SCs were referred to us by our hospital's forensic medicine department. Retinal and choroidal images were obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Measurements (one subfoveal, three temporals, three nasal) were taken at 500 μm intervals up to 1500 μm using the caliper system. Only the right eye was used for subsequent analysis.

Results: Mean ages were 27.7 ± 5.7 years in the SC-user group and 25.4 ± 6.7 in the control group. Subfoveal Global RNFLT was in the SCs group 102.3 ± 10.5 μm and 105.6 ± 20.2 μm in the control group (p = 0.271). Subfoveal CT was in the SC group mean of 316.1 ± 100.2 μm and in the control group mean 346.4 ± 81.8 μm (p = 0.065). RT, T500 (283.3 ± 36.7 μm, 296.6 ± 20.5 μm, p = 0.011) and N1500 (355.1 ± 14.3 μm, 349.3 ± 18.1 μm, p = 0.049) were significantly higher in the SC group than in the control group, respectively.

Conclusion: Analysis of OCT findings of individuals who had been using SC for more than one year revealed no statistically significant difference between RNFLT and CT, although N1500 was significantly higher in RT. Further studies in the field of OCT are important to explore the pathology of SC.

目的:评价合成大麻素(SC)使用者视网膜厚度(RT)、视网膜神经纤维层厚度(RNFLT)和脉络膜厚度(CT)的变化。方法:本前瞻性研究评估了56例SC使用者和58例健康对照者的RT、RNFLT和CT值。使用SCs的人是由我们医院的法医学部门转介给我们的。使用光谱域光学相干断层扫描(OCT)获得视网膜和脉络膜图像。使用卡尺系统以500 μm至1500 μm的间隔进行测量(一次中央凹下,三个颞部,三个鼻部)。后续分析只使用右眼。结果:sc使用者组平均年龄27.7±5.7岁,对照组平均年龄25.4±6.7岁。sc组中央凹下Global RNFLT为102.3±10.5 μm,对照组为105.6±20.2 μm (p = 0.271)。SC组中央凹下CT平均值为316.1±100.2 μm,对照组平均值为346.4±81.8 μm (p = 0.065)。SC组RT、T500(283.3±36.7 μm, 296.6±20.5 μm, p = 0.011)和N1500(355.1±14.3 μm, 349.3±18.1 μm, p = 0.049)均显著高于对照组。结论:对使用SC 1年以上患者的OCT结果分析显示,RNFLT与CT无统计学差异,但rt的N1500明显高于CT。进一步开展OCT领域的研究对探讨SC的病理有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Methyl(chloro)isothiazolinone contact allergy: a monocentric experience from Turkey. 甲基(氯)异噻唑啉酮接触性过敏:来自土耳其的单中心经验。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2217244
Didem Kazan, Evren Odyakmaz-Demirsoy, Rebiay Kiran, Aysun Şikar-Aktürk, Nilgün Sayman, Dilek Bayramgürler

Introduction: Due to their ubiquitous use, isothiazolinones caused allergic contact dermatitis epidemics and their use was restricted by legal regulations.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate demographic data, clinical findings, and patch test features of patients with methylisothiazolinone (MI) and/or methylchloroisothiazolinone(MCI) sensitivity in our study.

Methods: This study is a bidirectional and cross-sectional study, between July 2020 and September 2021. A total of 616 patients, including prospective and retrospective populations, demographic data, clinical findings, and patch test results were reviewed. Patients' demographics, patch test results, allergen sources, presence of occupational contact, and the characteristics of dermatitis attacks were recorded.

Results: A total of 50 patients with MI and MCI/MI sensitivity, 36 male (72%) and 14 female (28%), were included in our study. The overall prevalence of MI and MCI/MI between 2014 and 2021 was 8.4% (52/616) with two peak levels in 2015(21%) and 2021 (20%). A statistically significant relationship was found between shampoo use and facial involvement (p = 0.031), shower gel use and arm involvement (p = 0.027), wet wipe use and hand involvement (p = 0.049), detergent use and the pulps (p = 0.026) and the lateral aspects of fingers involvement (p = 0.048), water-based dye use and periungual involvement (p = 0.047).

Conclusion: Although legal regulations related to MI and MCI/MI cause a decrease in the frequency of their sensitivities were still common causes of allergic contact dermatitis.

简介:由于异噻唑啉酮类药物的广泛使用,引起了过敏性接触性皮炎的流行,其使用受到法律法规的限制。目的:在我们的研究中,我们旨在评估甲基异噻唑啉酮(MI)和/或甲基氯异噻唑啉酮(MCI)敏感性患者的人口统计学数据、临床发现和斑贴试验特征。方法:本研究为双向横断面研究,研究时间为2020年7月至2021年9月。共纳入616例患者,包括前瞻性和回顾性人群、人口统计学数据、临床表现和斑贴试验结果。记录患者的人口统计数据、斑贴试验结果、过敏原来源、职业接触的存在以及皮炎发作的特征。结果:共纳入50例MI和MCI/MI敏感患者,其中男性36例(72%),女性14例(28%)。2014年至2021年间,心肌梗死和MCI/MI的总体患病率为8.4%(52/616),2015年(21%)和2021年(20%)有两个高峰。使用洗发水和面部受累(p = 0.031)、使用沐浴露和手臂受累(p = 0.027)、使用湿巾和手部受累(p = 0.049)、使用洗涤剂和纸浆(p = 0.026)和手指侧面受累(p = 0.048)、使用水基染料和指周受累(p = 0.047)之间存在统计学上显著的关系。结论:虽然法律法规对心肌梗死及MCI/MI的相关规定导致其敏感性频率下降,但仍是过敏性接触性皮炎的常见原因。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of ketorolac-soaked bandage contact lens for pain management after photorefractive keratectomy. 酮酸浸渍绷带隐形眼镜在光屈光性角膜切除术后疼痛治疗中的效果。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2201832
Fikret Ucar, Ekrem Kadioglu

Objective: To evaluate the effect of ketorolac-soaked contact lenses (CLs) on postoperative pain after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and their potential side effects including conjunctival hyperaemia and delayed epithelial healing.

Methods: This is a prospective, randomised, double-blind, contralateral eye study. A total of 310 eyes of 155 patients who underwent PRK in both eyes were included in the study. After photoablation, a 0.4% ketorolac-soaked bandage CL was placed over the cornea in Group 1, while a drug-free soft bandage CL was placed over the cornea in Group 2. The postoperative pain was evaluated using a verbal numerical rating scale. The ocular redness was compared using the black pixels (veins, and areas of redness) and white pixels (remaining areas) of the images. The complications and time to corneal wound healing were also recorded.

Results: The mean pain score was significantly lower in Group 1 (2.7 ± 1.3) than in Group 2 (7.4 ± 1.4) on postoperative day 1 (p < 0.001). However, on the 3rd postoperative day, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of pain scores (p = 0.42). Preoperative eye redness was 199.2 ± 16.0 pixels in Group 1 and 200.1 ± 17.6 pixels in Group 2 (p = 0.65). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of eye redness at the postoperative 24th and 72nd hours (p = 0.43 and p = 0.39, respectively).

Conclusion: Soaking the bandage CL in a solution containing ketorolac 0.4% for 15 minutes could significantly lower pain scores on the first postoperative day after PRK, with no serious complications.

目的:评价酮酸浸隐形眼镜(CLs)对光屈光性角膜切除术(PRK)术后疼痛的影响及其潜在的副作用,包括结膜充血和上皮细胞愈合延迟。方法:这是一项前瞻性、随机、双盲、对侧眼研究。155名双眼接受PRK的患者共310只眼睛被纳入研究。光消融后,第1组在角膜上放置0.4%酮咯酸浸泡的绷带CL,第2组在角膜上放置无药物软绷带CL。术后疼痛采用口头数字评定量表进行评估。使用图像的黑色像素(静脉和红色区域)和白色像素(剩余区域)比较眼红度。并记录并发症及角膜创面愈合时间。结果:术后第1天,组1患者的平均疼痛评分(2.7±1.3)分明显低于组2患者(7.4±1.4)分(p p = 0.42)。术前1组眼红肿为199.2±16.0象素,2组为200.1±17.6象素(p = 0.65)。两组患者术后24、72小时眼红肿程度比较,差异均无统计学意义(p = 0.43、p = 0.39)。结论:在含0.4%酮罗拉酸溶液中浸泡绷带CL 15分钟可显著降低PRK术后第1天疼痛评分,无严重并发症。
{"title":"Effectiveness of ketorolac-soaked bandage contact lens for pain management after photorefractive keratectomy.","authors":"Fikret Ucar,&nbsp;Ekrem Kadioglu","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2201832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2201832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of ketorolac-soaked contact lenses (CLs) on postoperative pain after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and their potential side effects including conjunctival hyperaemia and delayed epithelial healing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective, randomised, double-blind, contralateral eye study. A total of 310 eyes of 155 patients who underwent PRK in both eyes were included in the study. After photoablation, a 0.4% ketorolac-soaked bandage CL was placed over the cornea in Group 1, while a drug-free soft bandage CL was placed over the cornea in Group 2. The postoperative pain was evaluated using a verbal numerical rating scale. The ocular redness was compared using the black pixels (veins, and areas of redness) and white pixels (remaining areas) of the images. The complications and time to corneal wound healing were also recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean pain score was significantly lower in Group 1 (2.7 ± 1.3) than in Group 2 (7.4 ± 1.4) on postoperative day 1 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, on the 3rd postoperative day, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of pain scores (<i>p</i> = 0.42). Preoperative eye redness was 199.2 ± 16.0 pixels in Group 1 and 200.1 ± 17.6 pixels in Group 2 (<i>p</i> = 0.65). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of eye redness at the postoperative 24th and 72nd hours (<i>p</i> = 0.43 and <i>p</i> = 0.39, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Soaking the bandage CL in a solution containing ketorolac 0.4% for 15 minutes could significantly lower pain scores on the first postoperative day after PRK, with no serious complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9530855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of uveitis events in real-world patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors based on the FAERS database. 基于FAERS数据库评估接受免疫检查点抑制剂的现实患者的葡萄膜炎事件。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2208661
Qianqian Fan, Huan Chen, Yang Hu, Bin Zhao

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a novel class of drugs carrying a potential risk of uveitis. Due to the rarity, current knowledge on this safety issue is still incomplete. This study employed the post-marketing surveillance data to comprehensively describe and assess the uveitis events after the use of ICIs.

Methods: Data between 2004 and 2021 were downloaded from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), and the uveitis events reported for ICIs were identified and included in this study. Clinical details of these reports were collected and analysed. Four data mining methods were utilised to investigate the potential associations between uveitis and different ICI regimens.

Results: Overall, 461 uveitis cases after exposure to ICI therapies were reported. Melanoma (58.79%) was revealed as the most common indication for receiving ICIs. The median onset time of uveitis was 41 (interquartile range 18-91) days after ICI initiation. 9.54% of these cases resulted in disability. Data mining results showed 5 ICIs generated positive uveitis signals when used alone. Ipilimumab yielded the most noticeable uveitis signal with the highest reporting odds ratio (ROR = 6.73, 95% two-sided CI = 5.26, 8.60), proportional reporting ratio (PRR = 6.69, χ2=308.52), information component (IC = 2.74, IC025 = 2.14) and empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM = 6.66, EBGM05 = 5.42), followed by pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, nivolumab and atezolizumab. When nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab was administrated together with ipilimumab, obviously stronger uveitis signal was detected than that for either of them.

Conclusions: This study provided an overview of the clinical features of ICI-related uveitis cases in the FAERS. Data mining results revealed that positive uveitis signals commonly existed within this drug class, but signal strength varied among ICIs. When ICIs were used in a combined way, uveitis signals became obviously stronger. Therefore, early ophthalmic monitoring is important when applying ICIs to patients, especially those with a tendency for uveitis, such as melanoma patients.

目的:免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)已成为一类具有潜在葡萄膜炎风险的新型药物。由于罕见,目前对这一安全问题的认识仍然不完整。本研究采用上市后的监测数据来全面描述和评估使用ICIs后的葡萄膜炎事件。方法:从美国食品药品监督管理局不良事件报告系统(FAERS)中下载2004年至2021年的数据,对报告的ICIs葡萄膜炎事件进行识别并纳入本研究。收集并分析这些报告的临床细节。使用四种数据挖掘方法来调查葡萄膜炎与不同ICI治疗方案之间的潜在关联。结果:总共报告了461例暴露于ICI治疗后的葡萄膜炎病例。黑色素瘤(58.79%)是接受ICIs的最常见适应症。葡萄膜炎的中位发病时间为ICI开始后41天(四分位数范围18-91)。9.54%的病例导致残疾。数据挖掘结果显示,5个ICIs单独使用时产生阳性葡萄膜炎信号。伊匹单抗产生葡萄膜炎信号最明显,报告优势比最高(ROR = 6.73, 95%双侧CI = 5.26, 8.60),比例报告比最高(PRR = 6.69, χ2=308.52),信息成分最高(IC = 2.74, IC025 = 2.14),经验贝叶斯几何平均最高(EBGM = 6.66, EBGM05 = 5.42),其次是派姆单抗、塞米单抗、纳武单抗和阿特唑单抗。当纳武单抗、派姆单抗或阿特唑单抗与伊匹利单抗合用时,检测到的葡萄膜炎信号明显强于单用。结论:本研究概述了FAERS中ici相关葡萄膜炎病例的临床特征。数据挖掘结果显示,葡萄膜炎阳性信号在这类药物中普遍存在,但信号强度在不同的ICIs中有所不同。当ICIs联合使用时,葡萄膜炎信号明显增强。因此,在对患者应用ICIs时,早期眼科监测非常重要,特别是那些有葡萄膜炎倾向的患者,如黑色素瘤患者。
{"title":"Evaluation of uveitis events in real-world patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors based on the FAERS database.","authors":"Qianqian Fan,&nbsp;Huan Chen,&nbsp;Yang Hu,&nbsp;Bin Zhao","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2208661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2208661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a novel class of drugs carrying a potential risk of uveitis. Due to the rarity, current knowledge on this safety issue is still incomplete. This study employed the post-marketing surveillance data to comprehensively describe and assess the uveitis events after the use of ICIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data between 2004 and 2021 were downloaded from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), and the uveitis events reported for ICIs were identified and included in this study. Clinical details of these reports were collected and analysed. Four data mining methods were utilised to investigate the potential associations between uveitis and different ICI regimens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 461 uveitis cases after exposure to ICI therapies were reported. Melanoma (58.79%) was revealed as the most common indication for receiving ICIs. The median onset time of uveitis was 41 (interquartile range 18-91) days after ICI initiation. 9.54% of these cases resulted in disability. Data mining results showed 5 ICIs generated positive uveitis signals when used alone. Ipilimumab yielded the most noticeable uveitis signal with the highest reporting odds ratio (ROR = 6.73, 95% two-sided CI = 5.26, 8.60), proportional reporting ratio (PRR = 6.69, χ<sup>2</sup>=308.52), information component (IC = 2.74, IC025 = 2.14) and empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM = 6.66, EBGM05 = 5.42), followed by pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, nivolumab and atezolizumab. When nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab was administrated together with ipilimumab, obviously stronger uveitis signal was detected than that for either of them.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provided an overview of the clinical features of ICI-related uveitis cases in the FAERS. Data mining results revealed that positive uveitis signals commonly existed within this drug class, but signal strength varied among ICIs. When ICIs were used in a combined way, uveitis signals became obviously stronger. Therefore, early ophthalmic monitoring is important when applying ICIs to patients, especially those with a tendency for uveitis, such as melanoma patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9534376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
1,25-Dihydroxvitamin D3 attenuates the damage of human immortalised keratinocytes caused by Ultraviolet-B. 1,25-二羟维生素D3可减轻紫外线b对人永生化角质形成细胞的损伤。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2208676
Pingwei Wang, Dongge Liu, Jiajing Cui, Shuqi Yan, Yujun Liang, Qianqian Chen, Yanping Liu, Shuping Ren, Peng Chen

Objective: Ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation is an important factor in causing skin damage. The study is to explore whether 1,25-Dihydroxvitamin D3(1,25(OH)2D3) will attenuate the damage of human immortalised keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells caused by UVB and relevant underlying mechanisms.

Methods: CCK-8 was employed to determine the UVB irradiation intensity and 1,25(OH)2D3 concentration. Western blot was used to detect the expression of NF-κB, Caspase9, Caspase3, Bax, Bcl2, FADD, CytC, Beclin-1; Flowcytometry was applied to measure the production of ROS.

Results: The concentration of 1,25(OH)2D3 used in the study was 100 nM and the UVB irradiation intensity was 20 mJ/cm2. Compared with the HaCaT cells irradiated with UVB, the HaCaT cells that were pre-treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 had lower production of ROS, lower expression of NF-κB, Caspase9, Caspase3, Bax, FADD, CytC and Beclin-1(P < 0.05).

Conclusion: 1,25(OH)2D3 could inhibit the development of oxidative stress and apoptosis in HaCaTs triggered by UVB. This inhibition might be achieved through the suppression of mitochondria-modulated apoptosis and autophagy. Vitamin D may be a potential UVB protective component.

目的:紫外线b (UVB)辐射是引起皮肤损伤的重要因素。该研究旨在探讨1,25-二羟维生素D3(1,25(OH)2D3)是否会减轻UVB引起的人类永生化角质形成细胞(HaCaT)细胞的损伤及其相关机制。方法:采用CCK-8法测定UVB照射强度和1,25(OH)2D3浓度。Western blot检测NF-κB、Caspase9、Caspase3、Bax、Bcl2、FADD、CytC、Beclin-1的表达;采用流式细胞术检测ROS的产生。结果:研究中使用的1,25(OH)2D3浓度为100 nM, UVB照射强度为20 mJ/cm2。与UVB照射的HaCaT细胞相比,1,25(OH)2D3预处理的HaCaT细胞ROS的产生较低,NF-κB、Caspase9、Caspase3、Bax、FADD、CytC和Beclin-1的表达较低(P)。结论:1,25(OH)2D3可抑制UVB引发的HaCaT氧化应激和凋亡的发生。这种抑制可能是通过抑制线粒体调节的细胞凋亡和自噬来实现的。维生素D可能是一种潜在的UVB防护成分。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of cream-based Triticum vulgare with and without therapeutic ultrasound on excisional wound healing in diabetic rats. 乳基普通小麦加与不加超声治疗对糖尿病大鼠手术创面愈合的影响。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2201833
Ayşe Gölgeli Bedir, Latif Emrah Yanmaz

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of Triticum vulgare (TVE) alone or combined with therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) on wound healing in a diabetic rat model.

Materials and methods: A total of 72 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group Control, wounded rats without treatment; Group TUS, wounded rats with TUS application; Group TVE, wounded rats treated with TVE; and Group TVE + TUS, wounded rats treated with TVE + TUS. Wound healing was assessed using wound area calculation and thermographic, biochemical, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence analyses on post-wounding days 7, 14, and 21.

Results: On day 21, the wound surface area was significantly decreased in Group TVE + TUS (0.18 ± 0.07 cm2) compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). A significant increase in wound area temperature was recorded on days 7, 14, and 21 in all groups compared to day 0 (p < 0.001). On day 21, Group TVE + TUS (35.4 ± 0.2 °C) had the most significantly highest wound area temperature compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). The highest histopathological scores were recorded in Group TVE + TUS on days 7, 14, and 21 (p = 0.04). The highest vascular endothelial growth factor expression was observed in Group TVE + TUS (82.53 ± 1.98) on day 7 (p = 0.03).

Conclusion: In conclusion, treatment with a combination of TVE and TUS effectively enhanced wound healing in diabetic rats compared with other treatment groups.

目的:评价普通小麦(Triticum vulgare, TVE)单独或联合治疗性超声(therapeutic ultrasound, TUS)对糖尿病大鼠模型创面愈合的影响。材料与方法:将72只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组:对照组为未治疗的损伤大鼠;TUS组,应用TUS的损伤大鼠;TVE组,TVE治疗的损伤大鼠;TVE + TUS组为TVE + TUS治疗的损伤大鼠。伤口愈合评估采用伤口面积计算和热成像、生化、组织病理学、免疫组织化学和免疫荧光分析在伤口后7、14和21天。结果:第21天,TVE + TUS组创面面积较其他组明显减少(0.18±0.07 cm2) (p p p p = 0.04)。TVE + TUS组血管内皮生长因子表达量在第7天最高(82.53±1.98)(p = 0.03)。结论:与其他治疗组相比,TVE与TUS联合治疗可有效促进糖尿病大鼠创面愈合。
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引用次数: 0
Smoking and environmental tobacco smoke exposure: implications in ocular disorders. 吸烟和环境烟草烟雾暴露:对眼部疾病的影响。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2144874
Saeed Karimi, Hosein Nouri, Sahar Mahmoudinejad-Azar, Seyed-Hossein Abtahi

Purpose: This article aims to gather and review the available knowledge on several implications of smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in ocular disorders and provides pathomechanistic insights where applicable.

Materials and methods: PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for relevant studies on the association of smoking and ETS exposure with various ocular disorders. Studies with different evidence levels, e.g., in-vivo, case-control, cohort, and meta-analysis, were included.

Results: Smoking is an established, modifiable risk factor in several ocular diseases, including cataract, age-related macular degeneration, and Graves' ophthalmopathy; smokers are subject to more severe disease courses and less favorable treatment outcomes. Uveitis is twice as likely in smokers; smoking may also delay its resolution. Smoking and ETS exposure are major risk factors for diseases of other organs, with associated ocular complications as well, such as diabetes mellitus. ETS exposure is also associated with ocular surface pathologies, including dry eye syndrome. In children, early-life ETS exposure and maternal smoking during pregnancy are strongly associated with refractive errors and strabismus. Currently, available data on potential risks attributable to ETS exposure regarding ocular diseases are scarce and, in some instances, controversial.

Conclusion: In addition to smoking, ETS exposure is also a significant public health concern with possible links to several ocular diseases. However, the level of education of at-risk populations in this regard does not match the strength of the evidence.

目的:本文旨在收集和回顾有关吸烟和环境烟草烟雾(ETS)暴露对眼部疾病的影响的现有知识,并在适用的情况下提供病理机制见解。材料和方法:检索PubMed和Scopus数据库,查找吸烟和ETS暴露与各种眼部疾病相关的相关研究。纳入了具有不同证据水平的研究,例如体内、病例对照、队列和荟萃分析。结果:吸烟是几种眼部疾病的确定的、可改变的危险因素,包括白内障、年龄相关性黄斑变性和Graves眼病;吸烟者的疾病病程更严重,治疗效果更差。吸烟者患葡萄膜炎的可能性是吸烟者的两倍;吸烟也可能延缓其解决。吸烟和接触辐射辐射是其他器官疾病的主要危险因素,也有相关的眼部并发症,如糖尿病。ETS暴露也与眼表病变有关,包括干眼综合征。在儿童中,生命早期接触ETS和母亲在怀孕期间吸烟与屈光不正和斜视密切相关。目前,可获得的有关暴露于ETS引起的眼部疾病潜在风险的数据很少,在某些情况下还存在争议。结论:除了吸烟外,暴露于ETS也是一个重要的公共卫生问题,可能与几种眼部疾病有关。然而,高危人群在这方面的教育水平与证据的力度并不相符。
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引用次数: 1
Vanadium inhalation effects on the corneal ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF): study in a murine model. 钒吸入对小鼠角膜睫状神经营养因子(CNTF)影响的研究。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2177668
Isis Mendoza-Aldabisis, Nelly López-Valdez, María Eugenia Cervantes-Valencia, Teresa Imelda Fortoul

Purpose: Air pollution is a public health problem caused by predatory human activities and the indiscriminate burning of fossil fuels that liberate particulate matter (PM) into the atmosphere. Vanadium (V) adheres to them and reaches the bloodstream and different organs such as the eye when inhaled. Another way to reach the eye is by direct contact, and the cornea is the first layer exposed. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is secreted by the corneal nerves and some of its functions include self-renewal maintenance and wound healing by the activation of STAT3. Previous reports from our group indicate the activation of STAT3 after the inhalation of V, adhered to PM.

Objective: To analyse the effect of V inhalation in the expression of CNTF. Method: CD-1 male mice were exposed for 4 and 8 weeks to V inhalation. The eyes were removed, and the corneas were processed for immunohistochemistry for CNTF and analysed by densitometry. The same slides were used to evaluate histological modifications and to measure the corneas' anterior epithelial and endothelial thickness.

Results: A decrease in CNTF expression in the anterior epithelium in the 8th week, as well as an increase in the endothelial and corneal thickness and disarray of all the layers of the anterior epithelium.

Conclusion: V inhalation disturbs the architecture of the cornea and modifies the presence of CNTF which might modify the renewal of the corneas after exposure to PM air pollution.

目的:空气污染是由掠夺性人类活动和不加选择地燃烧化石燃料造成的公共卫生问题,这些活动将颗粒物(PM)释放到大气中。钒(V)附着在它们上面,吸入后到达血液和不同的器官,如眼睛。另一种接触眼睛的方式是直接接触,角膜是暴露的第一层。睫状神经营养因子(Ciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF)由角膜神经分泌,其部分功能包括通过激活STAT3来维持自我更新和伤口愈合。本组前期报道表明,吸入V后STAT3被激活,并粘附在PM上。目的:分析吸入V对CNTF表达的影响。方法:CD-1雄性小鼠连续4周和8周吸入V。摘除眼球,对角膜进行CNTF免疫组织化学处理,并进行密度分析。同样的载玻片用于评估组织学改变,并测量角膜前上皮和内皮的厚度。结果:第8周前上皮CNTF表达减少,内皮和角膜厚度增加,前上皮各层紊乱。结论:吸入V扰乱了角膜的结构,改变了CNTF的存在,这可能改变了暴露于PM空气污染后角膜的更新。
{"title":"Vanadium inhalation effects on the corneal ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF): study in a murine model.","authors":"Isis Mendoza-Aldabisis,&nbsp;Nelly López-Valdez,&nbsp;María Eugenia Cervantes-Valencia,&nbsp;Teresa Imelda Fortoul","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2177668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2177668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Air pollution is a public health problem caused by predatory human activities and the indiscriminate burning of fossil fuels that liberate particulate matter (PM) into the atmosphere. Vanadium (V) adheres to them and reaches the bloodstream and different organs such as the eye when inhaled. Another way to reach the eye is by direct contact, and the cornea is the first layer exposed. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is secreted by the corneal nerves and some of its functions include self-renewal maintenance and wound healing by the activation of STAT3. Previous reports from our group indicate the activation of STAT3 after the inhalation of V, adhered to PM.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyse the effect of V inhalation in the expression of CNTF. Method: CD-1 male mice were exposed for 4 and 8 weeks to V inhalation. The eyes were removed, and the corneas were processed for immunohistochemistry for CNTF and analysed by densitometry. The same slides were used to evaluate histological modifications and to measure the corneas' anterior epithelial and endothelial thickness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A decrease in CNTF expression in the anterior epithelium in the 8th week, as well as an increase in the endothelial and corneal thickness and disarray of all the layers of the anterior epithelium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>V inhalation disturbs the architecture of the cornea and modifies the presence of CNTF which might modify the renewal of the corneas after exposure to PM air pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9083494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Toxicity of Persian Gulf shell-less marine mollusc (Peronia peronii) methanolic extract on melanoma tumor mitochondria. 波斯湾无壳海洋软体动物(Peronia peronii)甲醇提取物对黑色素瘤线粒体的毒性。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2152041
Yalda Arast, Aida Jabbarzadeh, Farahnaz Tanbakosazan, Abdollah Arjmand, Amir Vazirizadeh, Jalal Pourahmad

Introduction: Melanoma is known as an aggressive and highly lethal cancer. The poor prognosis and resistance to treatment are characteristics of melanoma. In melanoma cells, apoptosis signaling which relies heavily on the acute activity of mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation is suppressed. Studies have shown that compounds isolated from marine herbs and animals, have been shown to have cytotoxic consequences on cancerous cells in prior research. This study was designed to evaluate the apoptotic effect of methanolic extract of Persian Gulf shell-less marine mollusc (Peronia peronii) on skin mitochondria isolated from animal model of melanoma.

Purpose: Melanoma mitochondria obtained from skin of melanoma animal model are studied in this research to see whether extracts from Persian Gulf shell-less marine mollusc (Peronia peronii), has a cytotoxic impact on them.

Material and method: In this study, the mitochondria were isolated from melanoma cells via differential centrifugation were treated with various concentrations (650, 1300 and 2600 µg/ml) of methanolic extract of Peronia peronii. Then MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) viability assay, Reactive oxygen species (ROS) determination, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) decline assay, mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome c release determination were performed. Flow cytometry assay of % apoptotic vs necrotic phenotypes was also performed on extract treated melanoma cells.

Results: The results of MTT assay showed that different concentrations of Peronia peronii extract significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the SDH activity in cancerous skin mitochondria with the IC50(1300 μg/ml). The ROS results also showed that all concentrations of Peronia peronii extracts significantly increased ROS production, MMP decline and the release of cytochrome c in cancer groups mitochondria. The swelling of mitochondria was significantly increased compared to the control group. In addition, the results of apoptosis assay showed that addition of root extract of Peronia peronii on melanoma cells increased apoptosis, while it had no effect on control non tumour cells.

Discussion and conclusion: Based on these results, the presence of potentially bioactive compounds in Peronia peronii make this Persian Gulf coastal herb a strong candidate for further molecular studies and clinical research in the field of melanoma cancer therapy.

黑色素瘤是一种具有侵袭性和高致死率的癌症。预后差和治疗抵抗是黑色素瘤的特点。在黑色素瘤细胞中,严重依赖线粒体急性活性和活性氧(ROS)形成的凋亡信号被抑制。研究表明,从海洋草药和动物中分离出来的化合物,在先前的研究中已被证明对癌细胞具有细胞毒性。本研究旨在探讨波斯湾无壳海洋软体动物(Peronia peronii)甲醇提取物对黑色素瘤动物模型皮肤线粒体细胞凋亡的影响。目的:本研究从黑色素瘤动物模型皮肤中获得黑色素瘤线粒体,观察波斯湾无壳海洋软体动物(Peronia peronii)提取物是否对其具有细胞毒性作用。材料和方法:本研究采用差速离心法分离黑色素瘤细胞线粒体,用不同浓度(650、1300和2600µg/ml)的Peronia peronii甲醇提取物处理。然后进行MTT(3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基溴化四唑)活力测定、活性氧(ROS)测定、线粒体膜电位(MMP)下降测定、线粒体肿胀和细胞色素c释放测定。流式细胞术检测的%凋亡和坏死表型也进行了提取物处理的黑色素瘤细胞。结果:MTT实验结果显示,不同浓度的Peronia peronii提取物(P)显著增加了肿瘤组线粒体中ROS的生成、MMP的下降和细胞色素c的释放。与对照组相比,线粒体肿胀明显增加。此外,凋亡实验结果显示,添加Peronia peronii根提取物对黑色素瘤细胞凋亡增加,而对对照非肿瘤细胞无影响。讨论和结论:基于这些结果,Peronia peronii中潜在生物活性化合物的存在使这种波斯湾沿岸草药成为黑色素瘤癌症治疗领域进一步分子研究和临床研究的有力候选者。
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引用次数: 0
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Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology
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