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Effect of adenosine triphosphate on amiodarone-induced optic neuropathy in rats: biochemical and histopathological evaluation. 三磷酸腺苷对胺碘酮诱导大鼠视神经病变的影响:生化和组织病理学评价。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2227265
Kemal Bayrakçeken, Rukiye Kilic Ucgul, Taha Coban, Gulce Yazıcı, Halis Suleyman

Objective: This study aims to investigate possible preventive effect of ATP on optic nerve damage caused by amiodarone in rats.

Material and method: Thirty albino male Wistar rats weighing between 265 and 278 g were used in the study. Before the experiment, the rats were housed at 22 °C in a 12-h light/dark cycle under appropriate condition. The rats were equally divided into five groups of six animals each: healthy group, 50 mg/kg amiodarone (AMD-50), 100 mg/kg amiodarone (AMD-100), 25 mg/kg ATP + 50 mg/kg amiodarone (ATAD-50), and 25 mg/kg ATP + 100 mg/kg amiodarone (ATAD-100). At the end of 14th day, the animals were sacrificed using cardiac puncture under deep thiopental anaesthesia, and optic nerve tissues were harvested to measure superoxide dismutase (SOD), total glutathione (tGSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase (CAT) levels.

Results: The MDA levels were found to be significantly higher in the AMD-50 and AMD-100 groups compared to the healthy group (p ˂ 0.001). There was also a significant difference between the AMD-50 and ATAD-50 groups, and between the AMD-100 and ATAD-100 groups regarding MDA levels (p ˂ 0.001). tGSH, SOD, and CAT levels were significantly lower in the AMD-50 and AMD-100 groups compared to the healthy group (p ˂ 0.001). ATP was found to partially inhibit amiodarone-induced optic neuropathy.

Conclusion: The biochemical and histopathological results of this study demonstrated that amiodarone at high doses caused more severe optic neuropathy inducing oxidative damage, but ATP could relatively antagonise these negative effects on the optic nerve. Therefore, we believe that ATP may be beneficial in preventing amiodarone-induced optic neuropathy.

目的:探讨ATP对胺碘酮致大鼠视神经损伤的预防作用。材料与方法:选用体重265 ~ 278 g的雄性白化Wistar大鼠30只。实验前,在适宜条件下,将大鼠置于22°C, 12h明暗循环。将大鼠平均分为5组,每组6只:健康组、50 mg/kg胺碘酮(AMD-50)、100 mg/kg胺碘酮(AMD-100)、25 mg/kg ATP + 50 mg/kg胺碘酮(ATAD-50)、25 mg/kg ATP + 100 mg/kg胺碘酮(ATAD-100)。第14天结束时,在硫透钠深度麻醉下穿刺处死大鼠,取视神经组织测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、总谷胱甘肽(tGSH)、丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)水平。结果:与健康组相比,AMD-50和AMD-100组的MDA水平显著升高(p小于0.001)。在MDA水平方面,AMD-50组和ATAD-50组之间以及AMD-100组和ATAD-100组之间也存在显著差异(p小于0.001)。与健康组相比,AMD-50和AMD-100组的tGSH、SOD和CAT水平显著降低(p小于0.001)。发现ATP部分抑制胺碘酮诱导的视神经病变。结论:本研究的生化和组织病理学结果表明,高剂量胺碘酮引起更严重的视神经病变和氧化损伤,而ATP可以相对拮抗这些负面影响。因此,我们认为ATP可能有助于预防胺碘酮诱导的视神经病变。
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引用次数: 0
Cytological and functional effect of complement 3a on Human Scleral Fibroblasts. 补体3a对人巩膜成纤维细胞的细胞学和功能影响。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2226711
Kang Xiao, Ying Jie, Mingyue Luo, Qin Long

Purpose: The complement system is considered to play an important role in the progression of myopia, whereas the influence of complement activation on the human scleral fibroblasts (HSFs) remains unknown. Hence, the effect of complement 3a (C3a) on HSFs was investigated in this study.

Methods: HSFs were cultured with exogenous C3a at 0.1 μM for various periods following different measurement protocols, and cells without C3a treatment served as negative control (NC). Cell viability was investigated using the MTS assay after 3 days of C3a treatment. Cell proliferation was evaluated by the 5-Ethynyl-20-Deoxyuridine (EdU) assay following C3a stimulation for 24 hours. Apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double staining following C3a stimulation for 48 hours and the stained cells were analysed using flow cytometry. The levels of type I collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were analysed using ELISA following C3a stimulation for 36 and 60 hours. The level of CD59 were analysed using western blot following C3a stimulation for 60 hours.

Results: The MTS assay revealed that cell viability was attenuated by 13% and 8% after C3a for 2 and 3 days, respectively (P < 0.05). The EdU assay demonstrated a 9% decrease in proliferation rate for the C3a-treated cells after 24 hours (P < 0.05). The apoptosis analysis revealed an increased percentage of cells in early apoptosis (P = 0.02) and total apoptosis (P = 0.02) in the C3a-treated group. Compared with NC group, the level of MMP-2 was increased by 17.6% (P = 0.002), whereas the levels of type I collagen and CD59 were respectively decreased by 12.5% (P = 0.024) and 21.6% (P = 0.044) with C3a treatment for 60 hours.

Conclusions: These results indicated that C3a-induced complement activation is potentially involved in inducing myopic-associated scleral extracellular matrix remodelling via mediating the proliferation and function of HSFs.

目的:补体系统被认为在近视的进展中起重要作用,而补体激活对人巩膜成纤维细胞(hsf)的影响尚不清楚。因此,本研究探讨补体3a (C3a)对hsf的影响。方法:采用外源C3a (0.1 μM)培养hsf,并按不同的测量方案培养不同时期的hsf,不加C3a处理的细胞作为阴性对照(NC)。C3a处理3天后,采用MTS法检测细胞活力。C3a刺激24小时后,用5-乙基-20-脱氧尿苷(EdU)测定细胞增殖情况。C3a刺激48小时后,采用Annexin v -异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)/碘化丙啶(PI)双染色法检测细胞凋亡,流式细胞术分析染色细胞凋亡情况。在C3a刺激36和60小时后,采用ELISA法分析I型胶原蛋白和基质金属蛋白酶-2 (MMP-2)水平。C3a刺激60小时后,用western blot分析CD59水平。结果:MTS检测显示,C3a处理组细胞活力下降13%,C3a处理组细胞凋亡率下降8% (P P P = 0.02), C3a处理组细胞总凋亡率下降8% (P P P = 0.02)。与NC组相比,C3a治疗60 h后MMP-2水平升高17.6% (P = 0.002), I型胶原和CD59水平分别下降12.5% (P = 0.024)和21.6% (P = 0.044)。结论:这些结果表明,c3a诱导的补体激活可能通过介导hsf的增殖和功能参与了近视相关巩膜细胞外基质的重塑。
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引用次数: 0
Oral isotretinoin in the treatment of juvenile acne and psychiatric adverse effects - a systematic review. 口服异维甲酸治疗青少年痤疮及精神不良反应的系统综述。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2227889
Tânia Fernandes, Sofia Magina

Purpose: Acne vulgaris is a very prevalent dermatological condition, especially among adolescents and young adults up to 25 years old, classifying it as juvenile acne. One of the most effective treatments for severe acne is isotretinoin, a derivative of retinoic acid. Despite its high efficacy, this drug has been linked to several side effects including psychiatric adverse alterations, such as anxiety, depression and even suicide. With this systematic review we aim to determine if it is possible to establish a causal relation between oral isotretinoin in the treatment of juvenile acne and the appearance of psychiatric adverse effects.

Materials and methods: We searched two distinct databases, PubMed and Web of Science, and considered the work published between January 2000 and November 2021.

Results: Out of the 599 identified articles, we included 19 studies in this systematic review. Globally, the results we found do not support an association between the use of isotretinoin for acne treatment and mental side effects and the safety of this drug appears to be assured. However, the individual characteristics of each adolescent and their environment should be considered; the personal and family history of mental disorders are pointed out as red flags we should look out for when treating these patients.

Conclusion: Despite this being a highly debated topic, especially among the dermatology community, more studies with larger populations and randomised controlled trials are necessary to increase the strength of the evidence presented.

目的:寻常痤疮是一种非常普遍的皮肤病,特别是在青少年和25岁以下的年轻人中,将其归类为青少年痤疮。治疗严重痤疮最有效的方法之一是异维甲酸,它是维甲酸的衍生物。尽管这种药物疗效很高,但它也有一些副作用,包括精神上的不良改变,如焦虑、抑郁甚至自杀。通过这一系统综述,我们的目的是确定是否有可能在口服异维甲酸治疗青少年痤疮和出现精神不良反应之间建立因果关系。材料和方法:我们检索了两个不同的数据库,PubMed和Web of Science,并考虑了2000年1月至2021年11月之间发表的作品。结果:在599篇确定的文章中,我们纳入了19项研究。在全球范围内,我们发现的结果并不支持使用异维甲酸治疗痤疮与精神副作用之间的联系,而且这种药物的安全性似乎得到了保证。但是,应该考虑到每个青少年的个人特点及其环境;精神障碍的个人和家族史被指出是我们在治疗这些患者时应该注意的危险信号。结论:尽管这是一个备受争议的话题,特别是在皮肤学界,但需要更多的大规模研究和随机对照试验来增加证据的强度。
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引用次数: 0
Electrophysiological effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on the healthy retina. 高压氧治疗对健康视网膜的电生理影响。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2217250
Nur Demir, Belma Kayhan, Selin Gamze Sumen, Murat Sonmez, Nejla Tukenmez Dikmen

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the electrophysiological effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) on the retina after ten sessions in healthy eyes.

Methods: This prospective, interventional study evaluated forty eyes of twenty patients who were treated with HBOT of ten sessions with the diagnosis of an extraocular health problem. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including assessments of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp and pupil-dilated fundus examinations, full-field electroretinography (ffERG) measurements before and after HBOT within 24 h of the 10th session. The ffERG was recorded according to the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision protocol using the RETI-port system.

Results: The mean age of patients was 40.5 years ranging from 20 to 59 years. Thirteen patients were administered HBOT for avascular necrosis, six patients for sudden hearing loss, and one patient for chronic osteomyelitis of the vertebra. BCVA acuity was 20/20 in all eyes. The mean spherical refractive was 0.56 dioptre (D), and the mean cylindrical refractive error was 0.75 D. Dark-adapted b-wave amplitude in 3.0 ERG was the only variable for the b-wave that showed a statistically significant decrease (p = 0.017). The amplitude of the a-waves in dark-adapted 10.0 ERG and light-adapted 3.0 ERG reduced significantly (p = 0.024, p = 0.025). The amplitude of N 1-P 1 in light-adapted 30 Hz Flicker ERG also demonstrated a statistically significant decrease (p = 0.011). Implicit times did not differ significantly in any of the ffERG data (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: HBOT caused the deterioration of a-wave and b-wave amplitudes in ffERG after ten treatment sessions. The results showed that photoreceptors were adversely affected in the short term after HBOT treatment.

目的:观察健康眼高压氧治疗(HBOT) 10次后对视网膜电生理的影响。方法:这项前瞻性、介入性研究评估了20名诊断为眼外健康问题的患者的40只眼睛,这些患者接受了10次HBOT治疗。所有患者均接受了完整的眼科检查,包括最佳矫正视力(BCVA)评估、裂隙灯和瞳孔扩张眼底检查、HBOT前后24小时内的全视野视网膜电图(ffERG)测量。ffERG按照国际临床视觉电生理学会使用rti -port系统记录。结果:患者平均年龄40.5岁,年龄范围20 ~ 59岁。13例缺血性坏死患者接受HBOT治疗,6例突发性听力损失患者接受HBOT治疗,1例椎体慢性骨髓炎患者接受HBOT治疗。双眼BCVA视力均为20/20。平均球面屈光度为0.56屈光度(D),平均圆柱屈光度为0.75 D。3.0 ERG的暗适应b波振幅是b波唯一有统计学意义下降的变量(p = 0.017)。暗适应10.0 ERG和光适应3.0 ERG的a波振幅显著降低(p = 0.024, p = 0.025)。光适应30 Hz闪烁ERG中n1 - p1的振幅也有统计学意义的降低(p = 0.011)。隐式时间在所有ffERG数据中无显著差异(p > 0.05)。结论:HBOT治疗10个疗程后,引起了ffERG a波和b波振幅的恶化。结果表明,HBOT处理后,短期内光感受器受到不良影响。
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引用次数: 0
Tamoxifen related chorioretinal structural changes. 他莫昔芬相关的视网膜结构改变。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2220388
İnci Elif Erbahçeci Timur, Vehbi Açıkgöz, Nagihan Uğurlu, Bülent Yalçın, Mehmet Ali Nahit Şendur, Mutlu Hızal, Halil Kara

Purpose: To evaluate the vascular structure of the choroid and each retinal layer in patients with breast cancer on tamoxifen therapy and compare them with healthy subjects.

Materials and methods: 124 eyes of 62 patients with breast cancer who were on tamoxifen therapy (group 1) and 80 eyes of 40 healthy controls (group 2) were included in this prospective cohort study. The structure of the choroid was evaluated using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and choroidal binarisation. Spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) was performed to analyse the peripapillary nerve fibre layer thickness (pRNFL) and each retinal layer thickness. A subgroup analysis was performed based on chemotherapy history in Group 1. All parameters were compared between Group 1 and the healthy controls and between the subgroups of Group 1.

Results: The subfoveal choroidal thickness and temporal and nasal directions were increased in Group 1 when compared with Group 2 (p < 0.05, each comparison). Choroidal vascularity index was significantly decreased in Group 1 compared with Group 2 (63.15 ± 3.11% and 65.37 ± 4.63%, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in each retinal layer, pRNFL thickness, and choroid structural parameters between the subgroups of Group 1.

Conclusions: Increased choroidal thickness may be the initial finding of subclinical tamoxifen-induced retinopathy. Patients with breast cancer undergoing tamoxifen therapy may be screened prior to tamoxifen therapy and followed during treatment by SD-OCT.

目的:评价乳腺癌患者接受他莫昔芬治疗后脉络膜及视网膜各层血管结构的变化,并与健康人进行比较。材料和方法:本前瞻性队列研究包括62例接受他莫昔芬治疗的乳腺癌患者124只眼(第一组)和40例健康对照者80只眼(第二组)。使用增强深度成像光谱域光学相干断层扫描(edii - oct)和脉络膜二值化来评估脉络膜的结构。采用光谱域OCT (SD-OCT)分析乳头周围神经纤维层厚度(pRNFL)和视网膜各层厚度。第一组根据化疗史进行亚组分析。比较1组与健康对照组及1组各亚组间各项指标。结果:与2组相比,1组患者中央凹下脉络膜厚度、颞部及鼻腔方向均增加(p p)。结论:脉络膜厚度增加可能是亚临床他莫昔芬所致视网膜病变的初步表现。接受他莫昔芬治疗的乳腺癌患者可以在他莫昔芬治疗前进行筛查,并在治疗期间进行SD-OCT随访。
{"title":"Tamoxifen related chorioretinal structural changes.","authors":"İnci Elif Erbahçeci Timur,&nbsp;Vehbi Açıkgöz,&nbsp;Nagihan Uğurlu,&nbsp;Bülent Yalçın,&nbsp;Mehmet Ali Nahit Şendur,&nbsp;Mutlu Hızal,&nbsp;Halil Kara","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2220388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2220388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the vascular structure of the choroid and each retinal layer in patients with breast cancer on tamoxifen therapy and compare them with healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>124 eyes of 62 patients with breast cancer who were on tamoxifen therapy (group 1) and 80 eyes of 40 healthy controls (group 2) were included in this prospective cohort study. The structure of the choroid was evaluated using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and choroidal binarisation. Spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) was performed to analyse the peripapillary nerve fibre layer thickness (pRNFL) and each retinal layer thickness. A subgroup analysis was performed based on chemotherapy history in Group 1. All parameters were compared between Group 1 and the healthy controls and between the subgroups of Group 1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The subfoveal choroidal thickness and temporal and nasal directions were increased in Group 1 when compared with Group 2 (<i>p</i> < 0.05, each comparison). Choroidal vascularity index was significantly decreased in Group 1 compared with Group 2 (63.15 ± 3.11% and 65.37 ± 4.63%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). There were no significant differences in each retinal layer, pRNFL thickness, and choroid structural parameters between the subgroups of Group 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased choroidal thickness may be the initial finding of subclinical tamoxifen-induced retinopathy. Patients with breast cancer undergoing tamoxifen therapy may be screened prior to tamoxifen therapy and followed during treatment by SD-OCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"42 3","pages":"109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9959577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Determination of heavy metals and risk assessment in nail cosmetics sold in Seoul, Korea. 在韩国首尔销售的指甲化妆品中重金属的测定和风险评估。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2223285
Suun Kim, Chaeman Choi, Myeongsook Lee, Insook Hwang

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate some toxic levels of nail cosmetics marketed in Seoul, Korea and health risk assessment on humans.

Methods: We collected 45 random nail cosmetics and analysed for lead, cadmium, arsenic and antimony by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).

Results: Four metals concentrations were Pb 0.037 ± 0.083 (p < 0.05) and Sb concentrations in 6 samples were above the acceptable limits in Korea. As the result of the health risk assessment, MoS, HQ and HI values for Pb, As and Cd were within the permissible limit, but outside the acceptable range of Sb. LCR value was lower than the allowed limit for all nail cosmetics.

Discussion and conclusion: Six nail cosmetics had high antimony concentrations which were higher than the current legal limit in Korea. Because of 6 high antimony concentrations, MoS, HQ and HI were outside the acceptable range. LCR value for Pb, As and Cd was below 1 0 -6 which was lower than the permissible limit and nail cosmetics may not possess lifetime cancer risk. Our results suggested that metals were present in nail cosmetics at diverse concentrations and some nail cosmetics appeared to pose a harmful impact on health.

目的:本研究的目的是评估在韩国首尔市销售的指甲化妆品的一些毒性水平和对人体的健康风险评估。方法:随机抽取45件美甲化妆品,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)对化妆品中铅、镉、砷、锑的含量进行分析。结果:4种金属浓度分别为Pb 0.037±0.083 (p)。讨论与结论:6种指甲化妆品的锑含量均高于韩国现行法定限量。由于6个锑浓度较高,MoS、HQ、HI均不在可接受范围内。铅、砷、镉的LCR值低于10 ~ 6,低于允许限值,指甲化妆品可能不具有终身癌症风险。我们的研究结果表明,金属在指甲化妆品中以不同的浓度存在,一些指甲化妆品似乎对健康造成有害影响。
{"title":"Determination of heavy metals and risk assessment in nail cosmetics sold in Seoul, Korea.","authors":"Suun Kim,&nbsp;Chaeman Choi,&nbsp;Myeongsook Lee,&nbsp;Insook Hwang","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2223285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2223285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate some toxic levels of nail cosmetics marketed in Seoul, Korea and health risk assessment on humans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected 45 random nail cosmetics and analysed for lead, cadmium, arsenic and antimony by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four metals concentrations were Pb 0.037 ± 0.083 (<LOD ∼ 0.322) mg/kg, Cd 0.021 ± 0.058 (<LOD ∼ 0.342) mg/kg, As 0.094 ± 0.278 (<LOD ∼ 1.696) mg/kg and Sb 6.75 ± 17.54 (<LOD ∼ 59.017) mg/kg respectively. The concentrations of antimony were significantly higher than other metal concentrations (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and Sb concentrations in 6 samples were above the acceptable limits in Korea. As the result of the health risk assessment, MoS, HQ and HI values for Pb, As and Cd were within the permissible limit, but outside the acceptable range of Sb. LCR value was lower than the allowed limit for all nail cosmetics.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Six nail cosmetics had high antimony concentrations which were higher than the current legal limit in Korea. Because of 6 high antimony concentrations, MoS, HQ and HI were outside the acceptable range. LCR value for Pb, As and Cd was below 1 0 <sup>-6</sup> which was lower than the permissible limit and nail cosmetics may not possess lifetime cancer risk. Our results suggested that metals were present in nail cosmetics at diverse concentrations and some nail cosmetics appeared to pose a harmful impact on health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"42 3","pages":"131-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9954760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Compare of optic coherence tomography parameters in recreational synthetic tetrahydrocannabinol use and healthy control. 娱乐性合成四氢大麻酚使用与健康对照的光学相干断层成像参数比较。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2234042
Mehmet Tahir Eski, Kuddusi Teberik, Sezer Taha, Bora Büken, Feruza Turan Sönmez

Purpose: To evaluate retinal thickness (RT), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), and choroidal thickness (CT) changes in synthetic cannabinoid (SC) users.

Methods: This prospective study evaluated the RT, RNFLT, and CT values of 56 SC users and 58 healthy controls. The individuals using SCs were referred to us by our hospital's forensic medicine department. Retinal and choroidal images were obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Measurements (one subfoveal, three temporals, three nasal) were taken at 500 μm intervals up to 1500 μm using the caliper system. Only the right eye was used for subsequent analysis.

Results: Mean ages were 27.7 ± 5.7 years in the SC-user group and 25.4 ± 6.7 in the control group. Subfoveal Global RNFLT was in the SCs group 102.3 ± 10.5 μm and 105.6 ± 20.2 μm in the control group (p = 0.271). Subfoveal CT was in the SC group mean of 316.1 ± 100.2 μm and in the control group mean 346.4 ± 81.8 μm (p = 0.065). RT, T500 (283.3 ± 36.7 μm, 296.6 ± 20.5 μm, p = 0.011) and N1500 (355.1 ± 14.3 μm, 349.3 ± 18.1 μm, p = 0.049) were significantly higher in the SC group than in the control group, respectively.

Conclusion: Analysis of OCT findings of individuals who had been using SC for more than one year revealed no statistically significant difference between RNFLT and CT, although N1500 was significantly higher in RT. Further studies in the field of OCT are important to explore the pathology of SC.

目的:评价合成大麻素(SC)使用者视网膜厚度(RT)、视网膜神经纤维层厚度(RNFLT)和脉络膜厚度(CT)的变化。方法:本前瞻性研究评估了56例SC使用者和58例健康对照者的RT、RNFLT和CT值。使用SCs的人是由我们医院的法医学部门转介给我们的。使用光谱域光学相干断层扫描(OCT)获得视网膜和脉络膜图像。使用卡尺系统以500 μm至1500 μm的间隔进行测量(一次中央凹下,三个颞部,三个鼻部)。后续分析只使用右眼。结果:sc使用者组平均年龄27.7±5.7岁,对照组平均年龄25.4±6.7岁。sc组中央凹下Global RNFLT为102.3±10.5 μm,对照组为105.6±20.2 μm (p = 0.271)。SC组中央凹下CT平均值为316.1±100.2 μm,对照组平均值为346.4±81.8 μm (p = 0.065)。SC组RT、T500(283.3±36.7 μm, 296.6±20.5 μm, p = 0.011)和N1500(355.1±14.3 μm, 349.3±18.1 μm, p = 0.049)均显著高于对照组。结论:对使用SC 1年以上患者的OCT结果分析显示,RNFLT与CT无统计学差异,但rt的N1500明显高于CT。进一步开展OCT领域的研究对探讨SC的病理有重要意义。
{"title":"Compare of optic coherence tomography parameters in recreational synthetic tetrahydrocannabinol use and healthy control.","authors":"Mehmet Tahir Eski,&nbsp;Kuddusi Teberik,&nbsp;Sezer Taha,&nbsp;Bora Büken,&nbsp;Feruza Turan Sönmez","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2234042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2234042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate retinal thickness (RT), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), and choroidal thickness (CT) changes in synthetic cannabinoid (SC) users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study evaluated the RT, RNFLT, and CT values of 56 SC users and 58 healthy controls. The individuals using SCs were referred to us by our hospital's forensic medicine department. Retinal and choroidal images were obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Measurements (one subfoveal, three temporals, three nasal) were taken at 500 μm intervals up to 1500 μm using the caliper system. Only the right eye was used for subsequent analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean ages were 27.7 ± 5.7 years in the SC-user group and 25.4 ± 6.7 in the control group. Subfoveal Global RNFLT was in the SCs group 102.3 ± 10.5 μm and 105.6 ± 20.2 μm in the control group (p = 0.271). Subfoveal CT was in the SC group mean of 316.1 ± 100.2 μm and in the control group mean 346.4 ± 81.8 μm (p = 0.065). RT, T500 (283.3 ± 36.7 μm, 296.6 ± 20.5 μm, p = 0.011) and N1500 (355.1 ± 14.3 μm, 349.3 ± 18.1 μm, p = 0.049) were significantly higher in the SC group than in the control group, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Analysis of OCT findings of individuals who had been using SC for more than one year revealed no statistically significant difference between RNFLT and CT, although N1500 was significantly higher in RT. Further studies in the field of OCT are important to explore the pathology of SC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"42 3","pages":"179-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Methyl(chloro)isothiazolinone contact allergy: a monocentric experience from Turkey. 甲基(氯)异噻唑啉酮接触性过敏:来自土耳其的单中心经验。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2217244
Didem Kazan, Evren Odyakmaz-Demirsoy, Rebiay Kiran, Aysun Şikar-Aktürk, Nilgün Sayman, Dilek Bayramgürler

Introduction: Due to their ubiquitous use, isothiazolinones caused allergic contact dermatitis epidemics and their use was restricted by legal regulations.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate demographic data, clinical findings, and patch test features of patients with methylisothiazolinone (MI) and/or methylchloroisothiazolinone(MCI) sensitivity in our study.

Methods: This study is a bidirectional and cross-sectional study, between July 2020 and September 2021. A total of 616 patients, including prospective and retrospective populations, demographic data, clinical findings, and patch test results were reviewed. Patients' demographics, patch test results, allergen sources, presence of occupational contact, and the characteristics of dermatitis attacks were recorded.

Results: A total of 50 patients with MI and MCI/MI sensitivity, 36 male (72%) and 14 female (28%), were included in our study. The overall prevalence of MI and MCI/MI between 2014 and 2021 was 8.4% (52/616) with two peak levels in 2015(21%) and 2021 (20%). A statistically significant relationship was found between shampoo use and facial involvement (p = 0.031), shower gel use and arm involvement (p = 0.027), wet wipe use and hand involvement (p = 0.049), detergent use and the pulps (p = 0.026) and the lateral aspects of fingers involvement (p = 0.048), water-based dye use and periungual involvement (p = 0.047).

Conclusion: Although legal regulations related to MI and MCI/MI cause a decrease in the frequency of their sensitivities were still common causes of allergic contact dermatitis.

简介:由于异噻唑啉酮类药物的广泛使用,引起了过敏性接触性皮炎的流行,其使用受到法律法规的限制。目的:在我们的研究中,我们旨在评估甲基异噻唑啉酮(MI)和/或甲基氯异噻唑啉酮(MCI)敏感性患者的人口统计学数据、临床发现和斑贴试验特征。方法:本研究为双向横断面研究,研究时间为2020年7月至2021年9月。共纳入616例患者,包括前瞻性和回顾性人群、人口统计学数据、临床表现和斑贴试验结果。记录患者的人口统计数据、斑贴试验结果、过敏原来源、职业接触的存在以及皮炎发作的特征。结果:共纳入50例MI和MCI/MI敏感患者,其中男性36例(72%),女性14例(28%)。2014年至2021年间,心肌梗死和MCI/MI的总体患病率为8.4%(52/616),2015年(21%)和2021年(20%)有两个高峰。使用洗发水和面部受累(p = 0.031)、使用沐浴露和手臂受累(p = 0.027)、使用湿巾和手部受累(p = 0.049)、使用洗涤剂和纸浆(p = 0.026)和手指侧面受累(p = 0.048)、使用水基染料和指周受累(p = 0.047)之间存在统计学上显著的关系。结论:虽然法律法规对心肌梗死及MCI/MI的相关规定导致其敏感性频率下降,但仍是过敏性接触性皮炎的常见原因。
{"title":"Methyl(chloro)isothiazolinone contact allergy: a monocentric experience from Turkey.","authors":"Didem Kazan,&nbsp;Evren Odyakmaz-Demirsoy,&nbsp;Rebiay Kiran,&nbsp;Aysun Şikar-Aktürk,&nbsp;Nilgün Sayman,&nbsp;Dilek Bayramgürler","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2217244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2217244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Due to their ubiquitous use, isothiazolinones caused allergic contact dermatitis epidemics and their use was restricted by legal regulations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to evaluate demographic data, clinical findings, and patch test features of patients with methylisothiazolinone (MI) and/or methylchloroisothiazolinone(MCI) sensitivity in our study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a bidirectional and cross-sectional study, between July 2020 and September 2021. A total of 616 patients, including prospective and retrospective populations, demographic data, clinical findings, and patch test results were reviewed. Patients' demographics, patch test results, allergen sources, presence of occupational contact, and the characteristics of dermatitis attacks were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 50 patients with MI and MCI/MI sensitivity, 36 male (72%) and 14 female (28%), were included in our study. The overall prevalence of MI and MCI/MI between 2014 and 2021 was 8.4% (52/616) with two peak levels in 2015(21%) and 2021 (20%). A statistically significant relationship was found between shampoo use and facial involvement (<i>p</i> = 0.031), shower gel use and arm involvement (<i>p</i> = 0.027), wet wipe use and hand involvement (<i>p</i> = 0.049), detergent use and the pulps (<i>p</i> = 0.026) and the lateral aspects of fingers involvement (<i>p</i> = 0.048), water-based dye use and periungual involvement (<i>p</i> = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although legal regulations related to MI and MCI/MI cause a decrease in the frequency of their sensitivities were still common causes of allergic contact dermatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"42 3","pages":"97-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9956983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of ketorolac-soaked bandage contact lens for pain management after photorefractive keratectomy. 酮酸浸渍绷带隐形眼镜在光屈光性角膜切除术后疼痛治疗中的效果。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2201832
Fikret Ucar, Ekrem Kadioglu

Objective: To evaluate the effect of ketorolac-soaked contact lenses (CLs) on postoperative pain after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and their potential side effects including conjunctival hyperaemia and delayed epithelial healing.

Methods: This is a prospective, randomised, double-blind, contralateral eye study. A total of 310 eyes of 155 patients who underwent PRK in both eyes were included in the study. After photoablation, a 0.4% ketorolac-soaked bandage CL was placed over the cornea in Group 1, while a drug-free soft bandage CL was placed over the cornea in Group 2. The postoperative pain was evaluated using a verbal numerical rating scale. The ocular redness was compared using the black pixels (veins, and areas of redness) and white pixels (remaining areas) of the images. The complications and time to corneal wound healing were also recorded.

Results: The mean pain score was significantly lower in Group 1 (2.7 ± 1.3) than in Group 2 (7.4 ± 1.4) on postoperative day 1 (p < 0.001). However, on the 3rd postoperative day, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of pain scores (p = 0.42). Preoperative eye redness was 199.2 ± 16.0 pixels in Group 1 and 200.1 ± 17.6 pixels in Group 2 (p = 0.65). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of eye redness at the postoperative 24th and 72nd hours (p = 0.43 and p = 0.39, respectively).

Conclusion: Soaking the bandage CL in a solution containing ketorolac 0.4% for 15 minutes could significantly lower pain scores on the first postoperative day after PRK, with no serious complications.

目的:评价酮酸浸隐形眼镜(CLs)对光屈光性角膜切除术(PRK)术后疼痛的影响及其潜在的副作用,包括结膜充血和上皮细胞愈合延迟。方法:这是一项前瞻性、随机、双盲、对侧眼研究。155名双眼接受PRK的患者共310只眼睛被纳入研究。光消融后,第1组在角膜上放置0.4%酮咯酸浸泡的绷带CL,第2组在角膜上放置无药物软绷带CL。术后疼痛采用口头数字评定量表进行评估。使用图像的黑色像素(静脉和红色区域)和白色像素(剩余区域)比较眼红度。并记录并发症及角膜创面愈合时间。结果:术后第1天,组1患者的平均疼痛评分(2.7±1.3)分明显低于组2患者(7.4±1.4)分(p p = 0.42)。术前1组眼红肿为199.2±16.0象素,2组为200.1±17.6象素(p = 0.65)。两组患者术后24、72小时眼红肿程度比较,差异均无统计学意义(p = 0.43、p = 0.39)。结论:在含0.4%酮罗拉酸溶液中浸泡绷带CL 15分钟可显著降低PRK术后第1天疼痛评分,无严重并发症。
{"title":"Effectiveness of ketorolac-soaked bandage contact lens for pain management after photorefractive keratectomy.","authors":"Fikret Ucar,&nbsp;Ekrem Kadioglu","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2023.2201832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15569527.2023.2201832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of ketorolac-soaked contact lenses (CLs) on postoperative pain after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and their potential side effects including conjunctival hyperaemia and delayed epithelial healing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective, randomised, double-blind, contralateral eye study. A total of 310 eyes of 155 patients who underwent PRK in both eyes were included in the study. After photoablation, a 0.4% ketorolac-soaked bandage CL was placed over the cornea in Group 1, while a drug-free soft bandage CL was placed over the cornea in Group 2. The postoperative pain was evaluated using a verbal numerical rating scale. The ocular redness was compared using the black pixels (veins, and areas of redness) and white pixels (remaining areas) of the images. The complications and time to corneal wound healing were also recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean pain score was significantly lower in Group 1 (2.7 ± 1.3) than in Group 2 (7.4 ± 1.4) on postoperative day 1 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, on the 3rd postoperative day, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of pain scores (<i>p</i> = 0.42). Preoperative eye redness was 199.2 ± 16.0 pixels in Group 1 and 200.1 ± 17.6 pixels in Group 2 (<i>p</i> = 0.65). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of eye redness at the postoperative 24th and 72nd hours (<i>p</i> = 0.43 and <i>p</i> = 0.39, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Soaking the bandage CL in a solution containing ketorolac 0.4% for 15 minutes could significantly lower pain scores on the first postoperative day after PRK, with no serious complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11023,"journal":{"name":"Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"42 2","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9530855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of uveitis events in real-world patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors based on the FAERS database. 基于FAERS数据库评估接受免疫检查点抑制剂的现实患者的葡萄膜炎事件。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2208661
Qianqian Fan, Huan Chen, Yang Hu, Bin Zhao

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a novel class of drugs carrying a potential risk of uveitis. Due to the rarity, current knowledge on this safety issue is still incomplete. This study employed the post-marketing surveillance data to comprehensively describe and assess the uveitis events after the use of ICIs.

Methods: Data between 2004 and 2021 were downloaded from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), and the uveitis events reported for ICIs were identified and included in this study. Clinical details of these reports were collected and analysed. Four data mining methods were utilised to investigate the potential associations between uveitis and different ICI regimens.

Results: Overall, 461 uveitis cases after exposure to ICI therapies were reported. Melanoma (58.79%) was revealed as the most common indication for receiving ICIs. The median onset time of uveitis was 41 (interquartile range 18-91) days after ICI initiation. 9.54% of these cases resulted in disability. Data mining results showed 5 ICIs generated positive uveitis signals when used alone. Ipilimumab yielded the most noticeable uveitis signal with the highest reporting odds ratio (ROR = 6.73, 95% two-sided CI = 5.26, 8.60), proportional reporting ratio (PRR = 6.69, χ2=308.52), information component (IC = 2.74, IC025 = 2.14) and empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM = 6.66, EBGM05 = 5.42), followed by pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, nivolumab and atezolizumab. When nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab was administrated together with ipilimumab, obviously stronger uveitis signal was detected than that for either of them.

Conclusions: This study provided an overview of the clinical features of ICI-related uveitis cases in the FAERS. Data mining results revealed that positive uveitis signals commonly existed within this drug class, but signal strength varied among ICIs. When ICIs were used in a combined way, uveitis signals became obviously stronger. Therefore, early ophthalmic monitoring is important when applying ICIs to patients, especially those with a tendency for uveitis, such as melanoma patients.

目的:免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)已成为一类具有潜在葡萄膜炎风险的新型药物。由于罕见,目前对这一安全问题的认识仍然不完整。本研究采用上市后的监测数据来全面描述和评估使用ICIs后的葡萄膜炎事件。方法:从美国食品药品监督管理局不良事件报告系统(FAERS)中下载2004年至2021年的数据,对报告的ICIs葡萄膜炎事件进行识别并纳入本研究。收集并分析这些报告的临床细节。使用四种数据挖掘方法来调查葡萄膜炎与不同ICI治疗方案之间的潜在关联。结果:总共报告了461例暴露于ICI治疗后的葡萄膜炎病例。黑色素瘤(58.79%)是接受ICIs的最常见适应症。葡萄膜炎的中位发病时间为ICI开始后41天(四分位数范围18-91)。9.54%的病例导致残疾。数据挖掘结果显示,5个ICIs单独使用时产生阳性葡萄膜炎信号。伊匹单抗产生葡萄膜炎信号最明显,报告优势比最高(ROR = 6.73, 95%双侧CI = 5.26, 8.60),比例报告比最高(PRR = 6.69, χ2=308.52),信息成分最高(IC = 2.74, IC025 = 2.14),经验贝叶斯几何平均最高(EBGM = 6.66, EBGM05 = 5.42),其次是派姆单抗、塞米单抗、纳武单抗和阿特唑单抗。当纳武单抗、派姆单抗或阿特唑单抗与伊匹利单抗合用时,检测到的葡萄膜炎信号明显强于单用。结论:本研究概述了FAERS中ici相关葡萄膜炎病例的临床特征。数据挖掘结果显示,葡萄膜炎阳性信号在这类药物中普遍存在,但信号强度在不同的ICIs中有所不同。当ICIs联合使用时,葡萄膜炎信号明显增强。因此,在对患者应用ICIs时,早期眼科监测非常重要,特别是那些有葡萄膜炎倾向的患者,如黑色素瘤患者。
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引用次数: 0
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Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology
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