Pub Date : 2019-10-08DOI: 10.24092/crps.2019.090303
S. Gezici
The rhizome of Curcuma longa L, (turmeric, curcumin) has been widely used in therapeutic purposes for acne, heal wound, prevent skin damage, reduce cholesterol, treat diabetes, and control blood pressure. From this point of view, this research was aimed to investigate its biological properties including antioxidant, anticancer and neuroprotective properties of the turmeric rhizomes. The rhizomes of turmeric were extracted with methanol-MeOH and distilled water-dH2O, and subjected to various assays. Neuroprotective potentials of the extracts were tested through enzyme inhibitory assays on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), which are closely linked to pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Their anticancer activities were evaluated using MTT assay against A549, MCF-7, HeLa human cancer cells, and non-tumorous HUVECs. In vitro methods including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric ion reducing capacity (CUPRAC) were performed to reveal antioxidant capacities of the extracts. Total polyphenolic compositions of the extracts were also identified spectrophotometrically. The turmeric extracts were found to have rich polyphenolic quantities, particularly the MeOH-extract possessed higher total polyphenolic contents than the dH2O-extract. The extracts demonstrated the remarkable inhibition on both of the cholinesterase enzymes even at the lowest concentration (100μg mL−1). Moreover, they showed higher enzyme inhibition against AChE, comparing with that of BChE enzyme. In general, a significant correlation was observed between the total antioxidant capacities and neuroprotective potentials of the extracts from turmeric rhizomes. As for the anticancer activity, the extracts were found as a natural anticancer agent with the IC50 values ranged from 13.01±0.16 to 26.72±1.04 μg mL−1. In the light of the findings of the presented research, it is clearly concluded that turmeric is an important natural source to fight oxidative stress related diseases, with its excellent cholinesterase-inhibiting properties; strong antioxidant capacities as well as remarkable anticancer activities.
{"title":"A study on Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.): Multifunctional agents for the management of oxidative damage, neurodegeneration and cancer","authors":"S. Gezici","doi":"10.24092/crps.2019.090303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/crps.2019.090303","url":null,"abstract":"The rhizome of Curcuma longa L, (turmeric, curcumin) has been widely used in therapeutic purposes for acne, heal wound, prevent skin damage, reduce cholesterol, treat diabetes, and control blood pressure. From this point of view, this research was aimed to investigate its biological properties including antioxidant, anticancer and neuroprotective properties of the turmeric rhizomes. The rhizomes of turmeric were extracted with methanol-MeOH and distilled water-dH2O, and subjected to various assays. Neuroprotective potentials of the extracts were tested through enzyme inhibitory assays on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), which are closely linked to pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Their anticancer activities were evaluated using MTT assay against A549, MCF-7, HeLa human cancer cells, and non-tumorous HUVECs. In vitro methods including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric ion reducing capacity (CUPRAC) were performed to reveal antioxidant capacities of the extracts. Total polyphenolic compositions of the extracts were also identified spectrophotometrically. The turmeric extracts were found to have rich polyphenolic quantities, particularly the MeOH-extract possessed higher total polyphenolic contents than the dH2O-extract. The extracts demonstrated the remarkable inhibition on both of the cholinesterase enzymes even at the lowest concentration (100μg mL−1). Moreover, they showed higher enzyme inhibition against AChE, comparing with that of BChE enzyme. In general, a significant correlation was observed between the total antioxidant capacities and neuroprotective potentials of the extracts from turmeric rhizomes. As for the anticancer activity, the extracts were found as a natural anticancer agent with the IC50 values ranged from 13.01±0.16 to 26.72±1.04 μg mL−1. In the light of the findings of the presented research, it is clearly concluded that turmeric is an important natural source to fight oxidative stress related diseases, with its excellent cholinesterase-inhibiting properties; strong antioxidant capacities as well as remarkable anticancer activities.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87529209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-08DOI: 10.24092/crps.2019.090302
C. Saxena, G. Rawat
Natural products having medicinal value are gaining more importance in clinical research now days due to their better pharmacological response and no side effects as compared to allopathic drugs. Tinospora cordifolia common name is “Guduchi” or “Giloy” is known for its application in the treatment of various diseases in the traditional ayurvedic literature. Active components obtained from the plant and their biological function in disease control has led to active interest in the plant. This review contains venicular name of plant, various components, their uses in targeting diseases .Giloy is an very important plant for treatment of various diseases.
{"title":"Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) - Therapeutic Uses and Importance: A review","authors":"C. Saxena, G. Rawat","doi":"10.24092/crps.2019.090302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/crps.2019.090302","url":null,"abstract":"Natural products having medicinal value are gaining more importance in clinical research now days due to their better pharmacological response and no side effects as compared to allopathic drugs. Tinospora cordifolia common name is “Guduchi” or “Giloy” is known for its application in the treatment of various diseases in the traditional ayurvedic literature. Active components obtained from the plant and their biological function in disease control has led to active interest in the plant. This review contains venicular name of plant, various components, their uses in targeting diseases .Giloy is an very important plant for treatment of various diseases.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76887768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-08DOI: 10.24092/crps.2019.090301
N. Sharma, Priyanka Singh, Sanchit Gupta
According to W.H.O, about 80% of the world population rely mainly on herbal remedies. Traditional use of herbs for cosmetic purposes mainly based on perfuming and skin care in the form of infusions, poultices etc. It is reported that herbal sources are mostly rich with vitamins, antioxidants, oils (essential) hydrocolloids, proteins, terpenoids and other bioactive compounds which are active in the scope of cosmetics such as anti-aging, anti-oxidant, anti-septic, anti- inflammatory emollient effect etc. The natural content in the herbs does not have any side effects on the human body as compared to synthetic product. Herbal extracts are processed for curing several remedies and serve other health prospective. Cosmetics alone are not sufficient to take care of skin and other body parts, it requires association of active constituents to check the damage and ageing of the skin. Herbal formulations are useful as therapeutic and cosmetic applications for the treatment of various skin disorders and also for beautifying and attractiveness of skin, hair, lips, face, eyes etc.
{"title":"A Review on Role of Various Medicinal Plants in Cosmetics and Cure Health","authors":"N. Sharma, Priyanka Singh, Sanchit Gupta","doi":"10.24092/crps.2019.090301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/crps.2019.090301","url":null,"abstract":"According to W.H.O, about 80% of the world population rely mainly on herbal remedies. Traditional use of herbs for cosmetic purposes mainly based on perfuming and skin care in the form of infusions, poultices etc. It is reported that herbal sources are mostly rich with vitamins, antioxidants, oils (essential) hydrocolloids, proteins, terpenoids and other bioactive compounds which are active in the scope of cosmetics such as anti-aging, anti-oxidant, anti-septic, anti- inflammatory emollient effect etc. The natural content in the herbs does not have any side effects on the human body as compared to synthetic product. Herbal extracts are processed for curing several remedies and serve other health prospective. Cosmetics alone are not sufficient to take care of skin and other body parts, it requires association of active constituents to check the damage and ageing of the skin. Herbal formulations are useful as therapeutic and cosmetic applications for the treatment of various skin disorders and also for beautifying and attractiveness of skin, hair, lips, face, eyes etc.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79812515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-08DOI: 10.24092/CRPS.2019.090201
S. Gupta, Shobhit Kumar
Nasal drug administration has been used as an important another route for the systemic availability of drugs. Intranasal route has large surface area, high total blood flow, avoidance of first-pass metabolism, porous endothelial membrane, and ready accessibility. For nasal route administration various drugs including peptide and protein drugs, for systemic medication has been widely used in recent few years. This review article highlights the importance, strategies and advantages of the nasal drug delivery systems. Various methods are discussed here for increasing the residence time of drug formulations in the nasal cavity, for improving nasal drug absorption. In this review article we discuss the effects of bioadhesive drug delivery systems on nasal drug administration. Drug delivery systems (such as nanoemulsion, microspheres, liposome and gels) have good bioadhesive characteristics which swell easily when in contact with the nasal mucosa. These types of drug delivery systems protect the drug from enzymatic degradation in nasal secretions and also control the rate of drug clearance from the nasal cavity.
{"title":"AN OVERVIEW ON INTRANASAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: RECENT TECHNIQUE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION IN THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT","authors":"S. Gupta, Shobhit Kumar","doi":"10.24092/CRPS.2019.090201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/CRPS.2019.090201","url":null,"abstract":"Nasal drug administration has been used as an important another route for the systemic availability of drugs. Intranasal route has large surface area, high total blood flow, avoidance of first-pass metabolism, porous endothelial membrane, and ready accessibility. For nasal route administration various drugs including peptide and protein drugs, for systemic medication has been widely used in recent few years. This review article highlights the importance, strategies and advantages of the nasal drug delivery systems. Various methods are discussed here for increasing the residence time of drug formulations in the nasal cavity, for improving nasal drug absorption. In this review article we discuss the effects of bioadhesive drug delivery systems on nasal drug administration. Drug delivery systems (such as nanoemulsion, microspheres, liposome and gels) have good bioadhesive characteristics which swell easily when in contact with the nasal mucosa. These types of drug delivery systems protect the drug from enzymatic degradation in nasal secretions and also control the rate of drug clearance from the nasal cavity.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76142735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-08DOI: 10.24092/CRPS.2019.090202
P. Chahal, A. Mishra
Modified release formulation has been the first choice for formulators of Pharmaceutical formulation it is due to their versatile potential of releasing the drug in desired rate and release kinetic irrespective of their physiochemical and Biopharmaceutical properties. In this research work an attempt was made to formulate Captopril modified release tablet in order to facilitate its release in desired rate and in optimum concentration , Formulation of Tablet formulation was done by preparing bilayer tablet of the drug in which immediate release layer was optimized by using different concentration of sodium starch glycolate and controlled release tablet was formulated by optimizing the concentration of Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K4M then they were united and compressed together to formulate optimized formulation among the prepared formulation batches optimized batch F2 exhibited best results of all the evaluation parameters.
{"title":"FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MODIFIED RELEASE TABLET OF CAPTOPRIL FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION","authors":"P. Chahal, A. Mishra","doi":"10.24092/CRPS.2019.090202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/CRPS.2019.090202","url":null,"abstract":"Modified release formulation has been the first choice for formulators of Pharmaceutical formulation it is due to their versatile potential of releasing the drug in desired rate and release kinetic irrespective of their physiochemical and Biopharmaceutical properties. In this research work an attempt was made to formulate Captopril modified release tablet in order to facilitate its release in desired rate and in optimum concentration , Formulation of Tablet formulation was done by preparing bilayer tablet of the drug in which immediate release layer was optimized by using different concentration of sodium starch glycolate and controlled release tablet was formulated by optimizing the concentration of Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K4M then they were united and compressed together to formulate optimized formulation among the prepared formulation batches optimized batch F2 exhibited best results of all the evaluation parameters.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85972408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.24092/CRPS.2019.090102
Anupama Tomar, Aakash Upadhyay, S. Gupta, Shobhit Kumar
Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System (GRDDS) can elevate the controlled delivery of drugs that have an absorption window by continuously releasing the drug for a constant period of time before it extends its absorption site. This includes floating system, dilation and expanding system, muco - adhesive system, high density system and other postponed gastric emptying devices. The present article briefly about the formulation consideration for GRDDS, factors controlling gastric retention time, advantages, disadvantages and evaluation of GRDDS.
{"title":"An Overview on Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System: Current Approaches and Advancements","authors":"Anupama Tomar, Aakash Upadhyay, S. Gupta, Shobhit Kumar","doi":"10.24092/CRPS.2019.090102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/CRPS.2019.090102","url":null,"abstract":"Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System (GRDDS) can elevate the controlled delivery of drugs that have an absorption window by continuously releasing the drug for a constant period of time before it extends its absorption site. This includes floating system, dilation and expanding system, muco - adhesive system, high density system and other postponed gastric emptying devices. The present article briefly about the formulation consideration for GRDDS, factors controlling gastric retention time, advantages, disadvantages and evaluation of GRDDS.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74188612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-08DOI: 10.24092/CRPS.2019.090101
Lovely Chaurasia, Sumita Singh, K. Arora, C. Saxena
In pharmaceutical research, the percutaneous route of drug has gained a great interest. Percutaneous delivery has enhanced a noval vesicular drug carrier system called transferosome introduced in 1990, which is composed of water, surfactant and phospholipid. The elasticity of vesicular transferosome is more than the standard liposome therefore well suited for the penetration into the skin. The transferosomes can be prepared by Reverse Phase Evaporation method, Modified Hand Shaking, Lipid Film Hydration Technique and Thin Film Hydration Technique. This article is focused on various drug lists which easily accommodate in transferosome. Transferosome application areas included Delivery of Insulin, Carrier for Interferons and Interlukin, Transdermal Immunization, and Carrier for Other Proteins and Peptides, Peripheral Drug Targeting, Transdermal Immunization, Delivery of NSAID, and Delivery of steroidal hormones etc. To overcome problems of systemic toxicity associated with targeting therpy, enhance treatment resolution of targeting therapies.
{"title":"Transferosome: A SuitableDelivery System for Percutaneous Administration","authors":"Lovely Chaurasia, Sumita Singh, K. Arora, C. Saxena","doi":"10.24092/CRPS.2019.090101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/CRPS.2019.090101","url":null,"abstract":"In pharmaceutical research, the percutaneous route of drug has gained a great interest. Percutaneous delivery has enhanced a noval vesicular drug carrier system called transferosome introduced in 1990, which is composed of water, surfactant and phospholipid. The elasticity of vesicular transferosome is more than the standard liposome therefore well suited for the penetration into the skin. The transferosomes can be prepared by Reverse Phase Evaporation method, Modified Hand Shaking, Lipid Film Hydration Technique and Thin Film Hydration Technique. This article is focused on various drug lists which easily accommodate in transferosome. Transferosome application areas included Delivery of Insulin, Carrier for Interferons and Interlukin, Transdermal Immunization, and Carrier for Other Proteins and Peptides, Peripheral Drug Targeting, Transdermal Immunization, Delivery of NSAID, and Delivery of steroidal hormones etc. To overcome problems of systemic toxicity associated with targeting therpy, enhance treatment resolution of targeting therapies.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75937645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-08DOI: 10.24092/crps.2018.080401
K. Arora, Sumita Singh, Lovely Chaurasia
The main aim of this review is to focus on the various kinds of approaches which are used in ophthalmic drug delivery. Ophthalmic drug delivery system is used to treat various conditions associated with eye. The main purpose of a formulation designer is to formulate an eye formulation which could reside in the eye in an optimum concentration and for a proper duration for its proper effect. The main problem seen in the conventional dosage forms is their poor bioavailability due to fast precorneal drug loss primarily due to nasolacrimal drainage. The residence time of conventional formulations is also very less in the eye resulting into minimal advantages. In order to combat all these problems, now days the pharmaceutical scientists are very much involved in the research towards the novel approaches of ophthalmic drug delivery. The present paper enlists the important novel formulations which have been developed recently and explore their various advantages over conventional forms.
{"title":"Ophthalmic Drug Delivery System-A Concise Review on its Conventional and Novel Approaches","authors":"K. Arora, Sumita Singh, Lovely Chaurasia","doi":"10.24092/crps.2018.080401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/crps.2018.080401","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this review is to focus on the various kinds of approaches which are used in ophthalmic drug delivery. Ophthalmic drug delivery system is used to treat various conditions associated with eye. The main purpose of a formulation designer is to formulate an eye formulation which could reside in the eye in an optimum concentration and for a proper duration for its proper effect. The main problem seen in the conventional dosage forms is their poor bioavailability due to fast precorneal drug loss primarily due to nasolacrimal drainage. The residence time of conventional formulations is also very less in the eye resulting into minimal advantages. In order to combat all these problems, now days the pharmaceutical scientists are very much involved in the research towards the novel approaches of ophthalmic drug delivery. The present paper enlists the important novel formulations which have been developed recently and explore their various advantages over conventional forms.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81952604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-08DOI: 10.24092/CRPS.2018.080402
N. Gautam, A. Mishra
The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize the nanoparticle formulation of Repaglinide to facilitate the development of a novel drug delivery system with improved efficacy and bioavailability. These particles were prepared by Ionotropic gelation method. Prepared formulations were evaluated for Zeta potential, Particle size Polydispersibility index, entrapment efficiency, production yield and in vitro drug release. The formulation batch F4 was found to be best formulation among all the prepared formulations because it showed least particle size, better poly dispersibility index, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release.
{"title":"Formulation and Characterization of Repaglinide Chitosan Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Type II","authors":"N. Gautam, A. Mishra","doi":"10.24092/CRPS.2018.080402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/CRPS.2018.080402","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize the nanoparticle formulation of Repaglinide to facilitate the development of a novel drug delivery system with improved efficacy and bioavailability. These particles were prepared by Ionotropic gelation method. Prepared formulations were evaluated for Zeta potential, Particle size Polydispersibility index, entrapment efficiency, production yield and in vitro drug release. The formulation batch F4 was found to be best formulation among all the prepared formulations because it showed least particle size, better poly dispersibility index, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76117833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-08DOI: 10.24092/crps.2018.080403
Alka Gupta, Richa Gupta, G. M. Kannan, Pankaj Gupta, R. Vijayaraghavan
Sulphur mustard (bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide, SM) is a powerful vesicating chemical warfare agent that causes profound injuries to the eyes, lungs and skin. Despite intensive research following the first use of SM in World War I, there is still no useful pretreatment or therapeutic antidote available. This agent remains a constant chemical threat. A potential approach to combating the debiliting effects of this agent is the use of compounds that can react with this material before it interacts with critical macromolecules. Glutathione (GSH), a tripeptide that exists in high concentrations in cells, reacts with SM and is involved in SM detoxification. Amifostine is a synthetic aminothiol, has been extensively used as a radioprotector. This prompted us to evaluate the protective efficacy of GSH, Amifostine and DRDE-07 (S-2(2- aminoethyl amino) ethyl phenyl sulfide) (synthesized in our lab) against SM toxicity in vitro in HeLa cell line. All these compounds are thiol group containing compounds. Pretreatment of HeLa cell with these cytoprotectants led to decrease in cytotoxicity after SM exposure. The protective efficacy of above compounds were evaluated against sulphur mustard using HeLa cells. The above compounds were added to the media 1 hr before the SM exposure and incubated for 24 hrs. cell viability by MTT assay and LDH leakage were measured as end point.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Cytoprotective Agents on Sulfur Mustard Induced Toxicity: The In vitro Model","authors":"Alka Gupta, Richa Gupta, G. M. Kannan, Pankaj Gupta, R. Vijayaraghavan","doi":"10.24092/crps.2018.080403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24092/crps.2018.080403","url":null,"abstract":"Sulphur mustard (bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide, SM) is a powerful vesicating chemical warfare agent that causes profound injuries to the eyes, lungs and skin. Despite intensive research following the first use of SM in World War I, there is still no useful pretreatment or therapeutic antidote available. This agent remains a constant chemical threat. A potential approach to combating the debiliting effects of this agent is the use of compounds that can react with this material before it interacts with critical macromolecules. Glutathione (GSH), a tripeptide that exists in high concentrations in cells, reacts with SM and is involved in SM detoxification. Amifostine is a synthetic aminothiol, has been extensively used as a radioprotector. This prompted us to evaluate the protective efficacy of GSH, Amifostine and DRDE-07 (S-2(2- aminoethyl amino) ethyl phenyl sulfide) (synthesized in our lab) against SM toxicity in vitro in HeLa cell line. All these compounds are thiol group containing compounds. Pretreatment of HeLa cell with these cytoprotectants led to decrease in cytotoxicity after SM exposure. The protective efficacy of above compounds were evaluated against sulphur mustard using HeLa cells. The above compounds were added to the media 1 hr before the SM exposure and incubated for 24 hrs. cell viability by MTT assay and LDH leakage were measured as end point.","PeriodicalId":11053,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86561509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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