Ecological Indicators最新文献_第8页

Dynamic changes in the sea-land convergence zone: Long-term coastal wetland dynamics, landscape pattern evolution, and human-activity impacts in Zhejiang 海陆辐合带的动态变化：浙江沿海湿地长期动态、景观格局演变及人类活动影响

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114583

Bingbing Liu , Fei Zhang , Pankaj Kumar , Gowhar Meraj , Verner Carl Johnson , Yasin Orooji , Ngai Weng Chan , Peng Wang , Lifei Wei , Xu Ma , Fengqin Yan , Wei Si , Zhixiong Chen , Sichen Xiong

Coastal wetlands serve as vital ecological buffer zones between marine and terrestrial systems, performing crucial roles in the protection of coastal erosion, wave and tsunami protection, and maintaining ecological functions. However, these important wetlands are increasingly being destroyed and incessantly threatened by human activities. The literature shows existing studies are primarily focused on specific periods or single wetland types, lacking long-term and multi-type systematic analyses. Therefore, this study utilizes Landsat time-series imagery and multiple auxiliary data sources, employing GEE and the Random Forest (RF) algorithm to construct a 35-year time-series wetland classification dataset. It analyzes the dynamic changes of coastal wetlands in Zhejiang Province from 1990 to 2024. Based on the analyses, the primary results are:1) The overall classification evaluation of mapping precision in coastal land types in Zhejiang Province reached 78.6 %, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.75. Although the wetland area peaked in 2005 at 10,700 km², the overall picture from 1990 to 2024 shows that the wetland area had clearly declined, with the total area in 2024 about 20 % smaller than in 1990. Specifically, tidal flats and inland marshes showed significant shrinkage. In contrast, the area of building land increased by over 1900 km², primarily through the continued conversion of tidal flats, inland wetlands, and croplands.2) Inland marshes experienced the most severe degradation. Landscape spatial heterogeneity decreased, while overall landscape connectivity improved. The distribution of landscape units became more fragmented, the area distribution among different landscape types became more balanced, and spatial heterogeneity increased. 3) The overall area of wetlands converted to Building Land and cropland exceeded 2400 km², with transformation hotspots concentrated along the southern coast of Hangzhou Bay, northern Zhoushan, and the Wenzhou Bay shoreline. Additionally, the wetland area exhibited a strong negative correlation with human activity factors. Direct land-use expansion exerts a much stronger and more immediate pressure on wetland loss than aggregated economic or demographic growth indicators. These findings highlight the urgent need for integrated land management and wetland conservation policies in rapidly urbanizing coastal areas, aiming to strike a balance between ecological protection and socioeconomic development.

滨海湿地是海洋与陆地系统之间重要的生态缓冲区，在保护海岸侵蚀、防浪防海啸、维持生态功能等方面发挥着重要作用。然而，这些重要的湿地正日益受到人类活动的破坏和不断的威胁。文献显示，现有研究主要集中在特定时期或单一湿地类型，缺乏长期和多类型的系统分析。因此，本研究利用Landsat时间序列影像和多个辅助数据源，采用GEE和Random Forest （RF）算法构建了35年时间序列湿地分类数据集。分析了1990 - 2024年浙江省滨海湿地的动态变化。结果表明：①浙江省沿海土地类型制图精度总体分类评价达到78.6%，Kappa系数为0.75；虽然湿地面积在2005年达到顶峰，达到10700 km2，但从1990年到2024年的总体情况来看，湿地面积明显减少，2024年的总面积比1990年减少了约20%。具体而言，潮滩和内陆沼泽明显萎缩。相比之下，建筑用地面积增加了1900多平方公里，主要是通过持续的滩地、内陆湿地和农田的转化。②内陆沼泽退化最为严重。景观空间异质性降低，景观整体连通性提高。景观单元分布更加破碎化，不同景观类型之间的面积分布更加平衡，空间异质性增强。3)湿地转化为建设用地和耕地总面积超过2400 km2，转化热点集中在杭州湾南岸、舟山北岸和温州湾岸线。湿地面积与人类活动因子呈较强的负相关。与综合经济或人口增长指标相比，直接土地利用扩张对湿地损失造成的压力更大、更直接。这些发现表明，在快速城市化的沿海地区，迫切需要制定综合土地管理和湿地保护政策，以实现生态保护与社会经济发展之间的平衡。

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引用次数: 0

Where should livestock go? Integrating soil erosion risk and spatial fairness in grazing management 牲畜应该去哪里？整合土壤侵蚀风险与放牧管理的空间公平性

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114507

Zeren Dawa, Rui Liu, He Zhang, Runcan Han, Qi Zhou

Grassland ecosystems in alpine pastoral regions commonly face dual challenges of ecological degradation and spatial inequality in resource allocation. To address this, this study develops and applies a novel optimization framework that integrates biophysical risk assessment, socio-spatial fairness quantification, and mathematical optimization. The methodological framework first employs the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model to simulate soil erosion and establish ecological thresholds, identifying areas of high vulnerability. Second, this study constructs a spatial fairness index (q) based on key spatial factors to quantify grazing convenience and resource accessibility. This analysis revealed a significant mismatch, where areas with lower fairness scores paradoxically bore higher realistic grazing pressures. Finally, this study utilizes a quadratic programming model to optimize livestock allocation across 97 villages. The model minimizes structural deviation from the original distribution while adhering to the dual constraints of ecological erosion thresholds (upper limit) and fairness-adjusted stocking densities (lower limit). This integrated methodology was applied to a typical alpine pastoral region. Optimization results demonstrate the framework’s efficacy: ecological pressure in high-risk areas was significantly reduced, while under grazed, low-erosion areas received compensatory increases. This redistribution was achieved while increasing the total regional stocking by 9.25% and achieving a 45% reduction in the squared deviation from the original grazing structure. This study’s primary contribution is a replicable, data-driven strategy that effectively integrates and operationalizes ecological sustainability and social equity in pastoral management.

高寒牧区草地生态系统普遍面临生态退化和资源配置空间不平等的双重挑战。为了解决这个问题，本研究开发并应用了一个新的优化框架，该框架集成了生物物理风险评估、社会空间公平量化和数学优化。方法框架首先采用修正通用土壤流失方程（RUSLE）模型来模拟土壤侵蚀并建立生态阈值，确定高脆弱性区域。其次，构建基于关键空间因子的空间公平指数(q)，量化放牧便利性和资源可达性。这一分析揭示了显著的不匹配，即公平得分较低的地区具有较高的现实放牧压力。最后，利用二次规划模型对97个村庄的牲畜配置进行优化。该模型在遵守生态侵蚀阈值（上限）和公平调整的放养密度（下限）双重约束的同时，最大限度地减少了与原始分布的结构性偏差。将该综合方法应用于典型的高寒牧区。优化结果证明了框架的有效性：高风险地区的生态压力显著降低，而在放牧条件下，低侵蚀地区的生态压力得到了补偿性增加。与此同时，区域总放养量增加了9.25%，与原有放牧结构的方差减小了45%。本研究的主要贡献是提出了一个可复制的、数据驱动的战略，该战略有效地将生态可持续性和社会公平纳入牧区管理并付诸实施。

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引用次数: 0

The explicit-implicit interactive transition measurement and zoning research framework of cultivated land and construction land: A case study of Shandong section of the Yellow River Basin 耕地与建设用地显性-隐性交互过渡测度与区划研究框架——以黄河流域山东段为例

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114555

Jian Liu , Yong Yang , Ailing Wang , Linyao Chen , Xue Chen , Ziqi Meng

Urbanization reshaped quantity, structure, and functions of cultivated land (CUL), while transforming demand and efficiency of construction land (COL). These changes drive both cultivated land utilization transition (CULT) and construction land utilization transition (COLT). The study innovatively develops the explicit-implicit interactive transition measurement and zoning research framework of CUL and COL. The CUL's implicit morphology specifically focuses on agricultural production function, while COL's is conceptualized as a complex integrating spatial agglomeration, intensive construction, and economic concentration. The study integrates carbon storage for CUL functionality and carbon emission intensity for COL intensity, achieving a comprehensive evaluation system. This county-level study targets Shandong section of the Yellow River Basin—a key CUL protection and high-quality development zone—addressing strategic priorities through finer-scale analysis. It investigates explicit-implicit interactive transition characteristics of CULT and COLT from 2000 to 2020 and innovatively implements interactive transition zoning. Results showed faster CUL loss in Jinan's urban core and northeastern Yellow River Delta, with more pronounced COL expansion in central and northeastern compared to western regions. CUL functionality rose significantly during 2015–2020, and COL intensity improved markedly during 2010–2015. The explicit-implicit interactive transition trended toward optimization for CULT, while COLT attained both transitional and optimized states. Strong CUL-COL explicit transition correlations occurred in southwestern plains. CUL functionality and COL intensity showed moderate coupling coordination. Based on these findings, interactive transition zoning informed regulatory strategies, supporting food security and land resource optimization.

城市化重塑了耕地的数量、结构和功能，同时改变了建设用地的需求和效率。这些变化推动了耕地利用转型和建设用地转型。本研究创新性地构建了城市群与城市群的显-隐交互过渡测度与区划研究框架。城市群的隐式形态侧重于农业生产功能，而城市群的隐式形态则是空间集聚、集约化建设和经济集中度相结合的综合体。本研究将CUL功能的碳储量与COL强度的碳排放强度相结合，形成综合评价体系。本次县域研究以黄河流域山东段为研究对象，通过更精细的尺度分析，确定战略重点。研究了2000 - 2020年CULT和COLT的外显-内隐交互过渡特征，并创新性地实现了交互过渡分区。结果表明，济南城市核心和黄河三角洲东北部的城市平均城市寿命损失更快，中部和东北部的城市平均城市寿命扩张比西部地区更为明显。2015-2020年CUL功能性显著上升，2010-2015年COL强度显著改善。CULT的外显-内隐交互过渡倾向于优化状态，COLT同时达到了过渡状态和优化状态。西南平原出现了较强的CUL-COL显式过渡相关。CUL功能与COL强度呈中等耦合协调。基于这些发现，互动式过渡区划为监管战略提供了信息，支持粮食安全和土地资源优化。

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引用次数: 0

Pronounced trends in vegetation phenology responses to flash droughts across China (2003−2023) 中国植被物候对突发性干旱响应的显著趋势（2003 ~ 2023年）

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114578

Tao Sun , Xinhua Zhang , Yujie Cai , Chun Yang , Zhurui Gao , He Meng , Jiannan Zhang , Yijun Guo , Tsetan Sam

Flash droughts develop rapidly and reach severe levels within a short time, which can significantly impact vegetation phenology. Quantifying vegetation responses to pre-season flash droughts is crucial for evaluating their ecological impacts, yet the mechanisms and temporal dynamics remain unclear. To address this gap, we introduced two metrics (

A_{SOS}

and

A_{EOS}

) representing anomalies in the start (SOS) and end (EOS) of the growing season to quantify phenological responses to pre-season flash droughts. Based on multi-source soil moisture and MODIS NDVI data, we systematically analyzed the response of vegetation phenology to flash drought and its temporal changes in China from 2003 to 2023. Partial correlation analysis was applied to assess the contributions of flash drought characteristics, climatic factors, and hydrological conditions to the interannual variability of vegetation phenological responses to flash droughts. Results show that 49.1% of pre-SOS flash droughts caused SOS advancement, with the advancement decreasing by 0.075 days/year (p < 0.01). In contrast, 61.5% of pre-EOS flash droughts caused EOS advancement, and 38.5% caused delay, with both effects increasing by 0.063 and 0.062 days/year, respectively (both p < 0.01). These trends vary across hydroclimatic regions. The declining SOS response is likely driven by slower flash drought onset speeds, while enhanced EOS responses are mainly attributed to higher drought-period temperatures. This study elucidates the temporal evolution and dominant drivers of phenological responses to pre-season flash droughts, providing insights into ecosystem adaptation strategies under future climate change.

突发性干旱发展迅速，在短时间内达到严重程度，对植被物候有显著影响。定量植被对季前突发性干旱的响应是评估其生态影响的关键，但其机制和时间动态尚不清楚。为了解决这一差距，我们引入了代表生长期开始（SOS）和结束（EOS）异常的两个指标（ASOS和AEOS），以量化对季前突发性干旱的物候响应。基于多源土壤水分和MODIS NDVI数据，系统分析了2003 - 2023年中国植被物候对突发性干旱的响应及其时间变化。采用偏相关分析方法，研究了突发性干旱特征、气候因子和水文条件对植被物候响应年际变化的影响。结果表明，49.1%的突发性干旱导致了SOS提前，提前期减少了0.075天/年（p < 0.01）。相比之下，EOS前期闪旱导致EOS提前的占61.5%，导致EOS延迟的占38.5%，二者分别增加0.063天和0.062天/年（p均为0.01）。这些趋势因水文气候区而异。SOS响应的下降可能是由干旱发生速度变慢造成的，而EOS响应的增强主要归因于干旱期温度的升高。本研究阐明了季前突发性干旱物候响应的时间演变和主要驱动因素，为未来气候变化下的生态系统适应策略提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-scale supply-demand security assessment of water-energy-food related ecosystem services from an interaction perspective 基于交互作用视角的水-能-粮生态系统服务多尺度供需安全评价

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114584

Zifeng Yuan , Min Cao , Min Chen , Guonian Lü , Yan Liu , Wentong Yang , Hanjie Ni

Ensuring supply-demand security of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus is vital for balancing socio-economic development and natural ecosystems. However, existing studies often focus on single-scale assessments within individual units and overlook cross-regional interactions. To address this gap, this study develops a multi-scale framework integrating ecosystem services (ESs) as a common lens to capture both intra-regional supply-demand balances and inter-regional interactions. Taking the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) as a case study, we quantified the supply and demand for water yield (WY), carbon sequestration (CS), and food provision (FP) in 2000, 2010, and 2020 using the InVEST model, remote sensing products, and socio-economic statistics. By applying the supply-demand index (SDI), coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, gravity model, and network analysis, we evaluated WEF supply-demand security across provincial, municipal, and county scales. The framework revealed four coupling types that combine intra-regional supply-demand status with inter-regional network importance. Results show that mismatches were widespread, with many units exhibiting strong internal provisioning but limited external interactions. These imbalances became more pronounced at finer scales, as county-level analysis revealed structural divergences often masked in provincial summaries. These insights underscore the utility of the framework in diagnosing cross-scale imbalances and in guiding regionally tailored, multi-level policy responses for improving WEF-Nexus related ESs security.

确保水-能源-粮食关系的供需安全对于平衡社会经济发展和自然生态系统至关重要。然而，现有的研究往往侧重于单个单位内的单一尺度评估，而忽视了跨区域的相互作用。为了解决这一差距，本研究开发了一个整合生态系统服务（ESs）的多尺度框架，作为捕捉区域内供需平衡和区域间相互作用的共同视角。以长江三角洲为例，利用InVEST模型、遥感产品和社会经济统计数据，量化了2000年、2010年和2020年长江三角洲的产水量（WY）、碳固存（CS）和粮食供应（FP）的供求关系。运用供需指数（SDI）、耦合协调度（CCD）模型、引力模型和网络分析，对世界经济论坛在省、市、县三个尺度上的供需安全进行了评价。该框架揭示了将区域内供需状况与区域间网络重要性相结合的四种耦合类型。结果表明，不匹配是普遍存在的，许多单位表现出强大的内部供应，但有限的外部相互作用。这些不平衡在更细的尺度上变得更加明显，因为县级分析显示，结构性差异往往被省级总结所掩盖。这些见解强调了该框架在诊断跨尺度失衡和指导地区量身定制的多层次政策应对方面的效用，以改善世界经济论坛- nexus相关的ESs安全。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial agglomeration of cultural ecosystem services of peri-urban rural landscapes—A cross-site analysis of six megacities in the YREB 城郊乡村景观文化生态系统服务的空间集聚——以长江经济带6个特大城市为例

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114561

Ting Zhou, Qiao'an Chen, Siying Lv, Xinli Ke

The spatial agglomeration of cultural ecosystem services (CES) in the rural landscape increases farmers' income by resource sharing and cost reduction, as well as improve consumers' recreational experiences from one-stop consumption. Relevant studies have explored the CES agglomeration regarding agricultural recreation and rural tourism, while little is known about the CES of peri-urban rural landscape. This study investigates the spatial agglomeration of peri-urban rural CES in six typical megacities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The result reveals three agglomeration patterns of CES of peri-urban rural landscape, namely, “suburban pattern” (Chongqing and Nanjing), “exurban pattern” (Chengdu and Shanghai) and “even pattern” (Changsha and Wuhan). The GeoDetector model indicates that, the agglomeration of CES depends more on demographic and cultural characteristics, especially high-quality scenic spots as well as historical and cultural villages. Landscape characteristic and market accessibility were not found important in shaping the CES agglomeration as other studies found, which may be related to the peri-urban location advantage. Among all the five rural CES types, a higher agglomeration is more related to Agricultural Experience and Leisure Sightseeing, while less to Distinctive Dinning, Traditional Homestay, and Educational Exploration. Moreover, CES agglomeration is more likely to occur where CES types are diverse compared to homogeneous. This study concludes that, the agglomeration pattern of CES in the rural landscape varies along the urban-rural gradient as well as between different CES types. The findings provide evidence for improving the spatial agglomeration of CES in the rural landscape in the peri-urban megacities.

乡村景观文化生态系统服务的空间集聚通过资源共享和成本降低提高了农民的收入，同时从一站式消费提升了消费者的娱乐体验。相关研究对农业游憩和乡村旅游的消费空间集聚进行了探索，但对城郊乡村景观的消费空间集聚研究甚少。本文以长江经济带6个典型特大城市为研究对象，对城郊农村消费消费空间集聚进行了研究。结果表明，城郊乡村景观消费空间集聚模式有三种，即“近郊格局”（重庆和南京）、“近郊格局”（成都和上海）和“均匀格局”（长沙和武汉）。GeoDetector模型表明，CES的集聚更多地依赖于人口和文化特征，特别是高质量的景区和历史文化村落。景观特征和市场可达性对CES集聚的影响不像其他研究那样重要，这可能与城郊区位优势有关。五种消费消费类型中，农业体验和休闲观光的集聚度较高，特色餐饮、传统民宿和教育探索的集聚度较低。此外，消费电子产品类型的多样性比同质性更容易发生消费电子产品集聚。研究结果表明，农村景观消费空间集聚格局在城乡梯度和不同消费空间类型之间存在差异。研究结果为改善城市周边特大城市农村景观的CES空间集聚提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling large-scale spatial patterns and key drivers of heavy metals uptake by plants 揭示植物对重金属吸收的大尺度空间格局和关键驱动因素

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114576

Nana Zhou , Tao Hu , Mengting Wu , Chongchong Qi , Liyuan Chai , Zhang Lin

Heavy metals (HMs) contamination of soils is a critical environmental issue of global concern. HMs transfer from soil to plants is a key pathway for human exposure to soil HMs. Quantifying soil HMs uptake by plants, represented by the soil-to-root transfer coefficient (TC), is crucial for evaluating soil HMs risk and designing phytoremediation strategies. However, large-scale evaluations using laboratory-based techniques are impractical owing to their time-consuming and labor-intensive nature. In this study, a random forest model achieved the highest accuracy among seven machine learning algorithms using a compiled global dataset and enabling the first-ever spatial prediction of soil HMs uptake by plant roots. Extensive reliability and uncertainty analyses were performed to ensure model robustness across diverse environmental settings. Soil pH (35.0 % ± 2.7 %), HMs content (16.1 % ± 1.8 %), and organic carbon (OC, 9.4 % ± 0.9 %) were identified as key drivers of TC. Low pH significantly increased HMs uptake, while high OC levels enhanced bioavailability. Spatial prediction distribution of HMs uptake by plant roots across European soils revealed hotspots in Italy and Austria that were co-driven by HMs content and TC values. These results offer important insights into the spatial patterns of HMs uptake and their underlying drivers, facilitating the identification of contamination hotspots and guiding effective strategies for health risk mitigation and phytoremediation.

土壤重金属污染是全球关注的重大环境问题。土壤微生物向植物转移是人类接触土壤微生物的重要途径。以土壤-根转移系数（TC）为代表的植物对土壤有机质的吸收是评价土壤有机质风险和制定植物修复策略的重要依据。然而，使用基于实验室的技术进行大规模评价是不切实际的，因为它们费时费力。在这项研究中，随机森林模型使用编译的全球数据集在7种机器学习算法中实现了最高的精度，并首次实现了植物根系对土壤hm吸收的空间预测。进行了广泛的可靠性和不确定性分析，以确保模型在不同环境设置中的稳健性。土壤pH值（35.0%±2.7%）、HMs含量（16.1%±1.8%）和有机碳（OC, 9.4%±0.9%）是影响土壤温度的主要因素。低pH显著增加HMs吸收，而高OC水平提高生物利用度。植物根系对土壤有机质吸收的空间预测分布显示，意大利和奥地利是土壤有机质含量和TC值共同驱动的热点地区。这些结果为研究土壤中有机污染物吸收的空间格局及其潜在驱动因素提供了重要见解，有助于识别污染热点，并指导有效的健康风险缓解和植物修复策略。

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引用次数: 0

Fine root trait networks reveal plant adaptation strategies across arid habitats and life forms in northwest China 细根性状网络揭示了西北干旱生境和生命形式下植物的适应策略

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114596

Hongyong Wang , Jing Ma , Yiming Chen , Tingting Xie , Furong Niu , Cai He , Yonghua Zhao , Jie Yang , Lishan Shan

Plant trait network analysis offers a powerful approach to quantifying the complex relationships among traits by capturing their topological structure, providing new insights into ecological topics such as phenotypic integration and adaptive trade-offs. However, the links between fine root trait network structure and habitats or life forms remain understudied, particularly in arid regions where ecological vulnerability is pronounced. This study constructed a trait network model based on ten fine root traits measured across 25 species (11 shrubs and 14 herbs) from arid regions in northwestern China, revealing how life form and arid habitats jointly shape network structure. The results revealed that arid habitats and life form significantly shape the fine root trait network structure in desert plants. In drier regions, shrub trait networks become loosely assembled from more modules, with specific root area, root carbon and phosphorus ratio, and root nitrogen and phosphorus ratio as hub traits, forming a hybrid adaptation dominated by conservative strategies while maintaining efficient nutrient acquisition. Conversely, herbs adopt a highly integrated and modular network structure, with root diameter and root nitrogen and phosphorus ratio as hub traits, forming a resource strategy focused on acquisition while incorporating defensive mechanisms. Our findings offer new insights into desert plant adaptation strategies through the lens of trait network architecture, which is key to predicting plant responses to environmental change.

植物性状网络分析通过捕获它们的拓扑结构，为量化性状之间的复杂关系提供了强有力的方法，为表型整合和适应性权衡等生态学主题提供了新的见解。然而，细根性状网络结构与生境或生命形式之间的联系仍未得到充分研究，特别是在生态脆弱性明显的干旱地区。本研究基于中国西北干旱区25种植物（11种灌木和14种草本植物）的10个根系精细性状，构建了一个性状网络模型，揭示了生命形式和干旱生境如何共同塑造网络结构。结果表明，干旱生境和生活方式对荒漠植物根系细性状网络结构具有重要影响。在干旱地区，灌木性状网络由更多的模块松散地组合起来，以特定根面积、根碳磷比和根氮磷比为中心性状，在保持养分高效获取的同时，形成以保守策略为主的杂交适应。相反，草本植物采用高度集成化、模块化的网络结构，以根径和根氮磷比为枢纽性状，形成了以获取为主、兼有防御机制的资源策略。我们的研究结果通过性状网络结构为荒漠植物适应策略提供了新的见解，这是预测植物对环境变化响应的关键。

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引用次数: 0

Detecting nonlinearity in natural population time series with classical and proxy indicators 用经典指标和代理指标检测自然种群时间序列的非线性

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114600

Meng Gao , Yutong Yang , Haoyang Gao , Yueqi Wang

Ecosystem dynamics are inherently nonlinear due to complex inter- and intraspecific interactions, which drive the complex population dynamics observed in nature. The nonlinearity in empirical population time series manifests in diverse patterns and can be detected using a variety of methods. In this study, multiple nonlinearity detection methods were systematically applied to empirical population time series from two major databases—the Living Planet Database (LPD) and the Global Population Dynamics Database (GPDD). The methodological framework encompassed three primary approaches: (1) classical statistical tests and forecasting methods that directly analyze time series nonlinearities; (2) machine learning methods that classify time series based on time series morphologies; and (3) the calculation of Early Warning Signals (EWS) as proxies for nonlinearity. First, the classical methods effectively identified nonlinear trends, periodicity, and serial dependence, despite the low concordance (Fleiss’ Kappa: 0.156 and 0.225) among the six test methods. Subsequent application of four machine learning models to a subset of LPD series demonstrated their dual capability to not only detect nonlinearity but also classify series into distinct morphological categories (e.g., monotonic, U-shaped, multimodal). Lastly, extending the nonlinear analysis to higher-order phenomena, EWS indicators were computed for GPDD series, revealing tipping points in 95 series and underscoring the common occurrence of regime shifts in ecosystems. Our findings collectively affirm that complex nonlinear phenomena are pervasive in population time series. This study highlights the complementary value of classical statistical tests, machine learning classification, and EWS indicators in characterizing ecological nonlinearity. These results underscore the utility of dynamical systems theory and multivariate methodological approaches for detecting and interpreting nonlinear patterns and critical transitions in natural population dynamics.

由于复杂的种间和种内相互作用，生态系统动力学本质上是非线性的，这驱动了自然界中观察到的复杂的种群动态。经验总体时间序列的非线性表现为多种模式，可以用多种方法检测。本研究采用多种非线性检测方法，系统地分析了两个主要数据库——地球生命数据库（LPD）和全球人口动态数据库（GPDD）的经验人口时间序列。方法框架包括三种主要方法：(1)直接分析时间序列非线性的经典统计检验和预测方法；(2)基于时间序列形态学对时间序列进行分类的机器学习方法；(3)作为非线性代理的预警信号（EWS）计算。首先，尽管六种检验方法的一致性较低（Fleiss’Kappa: 0.156和0.225），但经典方法有效地识别了非线性趋势、周期性和序列依赖性。随后将四种机器学习模型应用于LPD序列的子集，证明了它们的双重能力，不仅可以检测非线性，还可以将序列分类为不同的形态类别（例如，单调，u形，多模态）。最后，将非线性分析扩展到高阶现象，计算了GPDD序列的EWS指标，揭示了95个序列的临界点，并强调了生态系统中政权转移的普遍发生。我们的研究结果共同证实了复杂的非线性现象在人口时间序列中普遍存在。本研究强调了经典统计检验、机器学习分类和EWS指标在表征生态非线性方面的互补价值。这些结果强调了动力系统理论和多元方法方法在检测和解释自然种群动态中的非线性模式和关键转变方面的效用。

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引用次数: 0

Meta-analysis and field experiments reveal the global impact of management practices on Forest soil organic carbon 荟萃分析和田间试验揭示了管理措施对森林土壤有机碳的全球影响

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114582

Yiyun Xia , Xin Chen , Taoran Sun , Jiejie Jiao , Lin Xu

Forest soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in regulating the global carbon cycle. Forest management practices significantly impact SOC stocks, yet most existing studies remain plot-scale. We conducted a global meta-analysis of harvesting, fertilization, and reforestation using controlled experimental data. Management effects were analyzed by time scale (short-term ≤5 years; long-term >5 years). Harvesting in tropical forests showed a 15.77 % decline (effect size:-0.23,p < 0.01). Short-term harvesting (≤5 years) increased SOC by 7.96 % (effect size: 0.10,p < 0.05), particularly in temperate forests (9.45 %, effect size: 0.08,p < 0.05), while long-term harvesting (>5 years) reduced SOC by 7.76 % (effect size:-0.19, p < 0.01), with tropical forests experiencing a 20.95 % decline (effect size: −0.30, p < 0.01). Fertilization in tropical forests resulted in a 6.30 % increase (effect size: 0.05 p < 0.01). Long-term fertilization in tropical forests showed an 11.24 % increase (effect size:0.11,p < 0.05), but subtropical forests experienced a 10.16 % reduction (p < 0.01). Reforestation had a weak effect on SOC, with long-term reforestation (>5 years) also showing a non-significant impact. We investigated the effects of forest management practices on SOC in subtropical Moso bamboo forests. Harvesting exhibited variable impacts: moderate harvesting significantly reduced SOC by 10.30 %, while light and heavy harvesting increased SOC by 43.24 % and 17.39 %, respectively. Fertilization consistently enhanced SOC, with light and heavy biochar applications increasing SOC by 32.91 % and 42.18 %. Our research highlights that forest management measures exert varying effects on SOC when assessed across different climate zones, underscoring the value of a cross-biome comparative perspective. Therefore, future studies on adaptive climate management should prioritize scientifically differentiated strategies to enhance forest SOC stocks effectively.

森林土壤有机碳（SOC）在调节全球碳循环中起着至关重要的作用。森林管理实践显著影响有机碳储量，但大多数现有研究仍停留在样地尺度上。我们使用对照实验数据对采伐、施肥和再造林进行了全球荟萃分析。按时间尺度（短期≤5年，长期>；5年）分析管理效果。热带森林的采伐下降了15.77%（效应值：-0.23,p < 0.01）。短期采伐（≤5年）增加了7.96%的有机碳（效应值：0.10,p < 0.05），特别是在温带森林（9.45%，效应值：0.08,p < 0.05），而长期采伐（>；5年）减少了7.76%（效应值：-0.19,p < 0.01），热带森林减少了20.95%（效应值：- 0.30,p < 0.01）。在热带森林中，施肥使其增加6.30%（效应值：0.05 p < 0.01）。热带森林长期施肥增加了11.24%（效应值：0.11,p < 0.05），亚热带森林长期施肥减少了10.16% （p < 0.01）。复植对土壤有机碳的影响较弱，长期复植（5年）对土壤有机碳的影响也不显著。研究了不同森林经营方式对亚热带毛竹林土壤有机碳的影响。收获对土壤有机碳的影响不尽相同，中度收获显著降低土壤有机碳10.30%，轻度和重度收获分别使土壤有机碳增加43.24%和17.39%。施肥持续提高有机碳含量，轻炭和重炭分别提高了32.91%和42.18%。我们的研究强调了森林管理措施在不同气候区对有机碳的影响是不同的，强调了跨生物群系比较视角的价值。因此，未来的适应性气候管理研究应优先考虑科学的差异化策略，以有效提高森林有机碳储量。

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引用次数: 0