Earth-Science Reviews最新文献

{"title":"The causes and impacts of highly productive silicic caldera systems: A case study of Witori Volcano, Papua New Guinea","authors":"C.W. Firth ,&nbsp;C.O. McKee ,&nbsp;R. Torrence ,&nbsp;R.J. Blong ,&nbsp;J. Specht ,&nbsp;S.M. Eggins ,&nbsp;S.F. Jenkins ,&nbsp;N. Mosusu ,&nbsp;H. Machida","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Witori volcano, on the island of New Britain in the south-west Pacific, is a highly active silicic caldera system. Throughout the Holocene it has produced at least five Plinian eruptions (VEI ≥ 6), with eight smaller VEI 3–5 eruptions in the past ∼ 1000 years. Tephra from the larger Plinian eruptions has recently been identified on the New Guinea mainland, up to 700 km downwind of Witori, necessitating re-evaluation of eruption magnitudes and output rate of this volcano. Since 6.4 ka &gt; 38.8 km³ DRE of magma has been erupted at Witori. Uncertainty in the size of numerous eruptions means this volume may be &gt; 60 km³ DRE, more than twice that of similar systems like Taupō. Comparison of deposit characteristics with Santorini and Tambora suggests the largest eruptions from Witori (W-K1–6.4 ka; W-K2–3.4 ka) potentially reached magnitudes of VEI 7. These eruptions involved crystal-poor, high-silica (∼73–76 wt% SiO₂) rhyolites. The SiO₂ content of Witori magmas decrease with declining eruption magnitude and increased eruption frequency, indicating a direct relationship between eruption size and timescales of fractionation. Witori magmas are low-K tholeiites, produced by high-degrees of partial melting within the mantle. The high eruption rate observed at Witori results from rapid transit of magma through the crust, facilitated by widespread crustal fracturing/faulting in central New Britain associated with the rotation of the South Bismarck microplate. Archaeological records demonstrate individual eruptions caused significant impacts with abandonment periods of multiple generations; however, humans repeatedly returned following each eruption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105375"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145785340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plants in the shadows: Bridging the gap in paleoecology and paleoart","authors":"José Carrión ,&nbsp;Gabriela Amorós ,&nbsp;Ariadna Amorós ,&nbsp;María Alejandra Gandolfo ,&nbsp;Evelyn Kustatscher","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paleoart, long considered peripheral to paleoscience, has become a powerful medium for visualizing extinct life and landscapes. Yet its historical trajectory has been dominated by zoocentric traditions, where plants are relegated to vague backdrops despite their central role in Earth system dynamics. This review examines the epistemological and cultural consequences of such plant blindness, situating paleoart at the intersection of paleontology, paleoecology, and landscape studies. We provide a critical historical synthesis, tracing the representation of vegetation from nineteenth-century phytocentric pioneers to the consolidation of animal-centered canons and the persistence of clichés that obscure paleobotanical data. Drawing on case studies across the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic, we show how integrating fossil pollen and spores, macrofossils, taphonomic and multiproxy records—transforms paleoart into a form of visual scientific modeling that reveals ecological interactions, climatic drivers, and biogeographic patterns invisible in faunal reconstructions alone. Beyond historiography, we evaluate methodological frameworks for translating fragmentary data into coherent visual ecosystems, emphasizing the role of taphonomy, landscape reconstruction, and explicit protocols of inference. Particular attention is given to recent botanical paleoart that has redefined the visual vocabulary of deep time, replacing repetitive templates (“monkey puzzles and parking lots”) with floristically accurate reconstructions anchored in paleobotanical evidence. Finally, we highlight the Quaternary record, where paleoart remains less developed despite the abundance of high-resolution palynological, anthracological, and macrofossil archives. Here we present original reconstructions from the Iberian Peninsula that illustrate how glacial refugia, ecological mosaics, and vegetation dynamics can be made visible through art. These examples demonstrate that paleoart, when botanically informed, is not ancillary illustration but a methodological extension of paleoecology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 105371"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145785675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrogenetic interpretation of Archean low δ18O zircon: Implications for origin of continental crust on early Earth","authors":"Yong-Fei Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The origin of Archean continental crust remains a critical yet unresolved question in the evolution of early Earth, closely tied to debates on the emergence of plate tectonics. This review focuses on the petrogenesis of Archean tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) suites and the origin of low δ¹⁸O values (1.0–2.7 ‰) observed in Hadean to Archean zircons, which challenge conventional interpretations involving meteoric water interaction. By integrating zircon U-Pb ages and O isotope data with the thermodynamic principle of stable isotope geochemistry (equilibrium O isotope fractionations between basaltic rock and water converge to 0 ± 1 ‰ at high temperatures of &gt;400 °C), it is demonstrated that these low δ¹⁸O signatures would originate from high-temperature seawater-hydrothermal alteration of the juvenile basaltic crust at mid-ocean ridges, rather than meteoric water involvement. Even if the low δ¹⁸O signature could exist in the felsic crust on early Earth, the formation of low δ¹⁸O rocks would necessitate a three-stage mechanism. The first is the O isotope exchange between seawater and thick (30–40 km) basaltic crust along mid-ocean ridges during plate divergence, the second is the collisional thickening of the juvenile crust to 60–80 km during plate convergence, and the third is the partial melting of the hydrated, ultrathick basaltic crust during lithospheric rifting to produce TTG magmas in the post-convergent stage. The lithospheric rifting is induced by upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle in response to foundering of the lithospheric mantle. This three-stage model for the petrogenesis of Archean TTG rocks keeps pace with an ancient Wilson cycle at high Archean mantle temperatures, emphasizing divergent-convergent plate coupling and lithospheric rifting in response to poloidal mantle convection. It argues against subduction-driven TTG magmatism but affirms the operation of ancient plate tectonics through the water-rock interaction during the seafloor spreading and then the crustal anatexis due to the asthenospheric upwelling consequential to the lithospheric foundering. Therefore, the low δ¹⁸O zircon growth is linked to the high-temperature seawater-hydrothermally altered sources at divergent plate margins, and the TTG generation is attributed to the post-collisional reworking at convergent plate margins. This results in a holistic model for the growth of Archean continental crust and the geodynamic regime of early Earth. As such, the petrogenesis of Archean TTG rocks witnesses the operation of ancient plate tectonics at that time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105370"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupling relationship between the Carnian Pluvial Episode and the global coal accumulation recommencement","authors":"Peixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Minfang Yang ,&nbsp;Jing Lu ,&nbsp;Zhongfeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Kai Zhou ,&nbsp;Li Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaotao Xu ,&nbsp;Huijuan Chen ,&nbsp;Xuran Zhu ,&nbsp;Yanghang Guo ,&nbsp;Huajun Ye ,&nbsp;Longyi Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105367","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Since the terrestrialization of plants during the Silurian-Devonian periods, the Earth has undergone multiple phases of global coal accumulation, accompanied by significant changes in terrestrial plants. Among them, the most remarkable is the Late Triassic Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE; ∼234 Ma–232 Ma), which brought an end to the longest global “coal gap” that had persisted since the terrestrial colonization of plants. The CPE is mainly associated with eruptions of the Wrangellia Large Igneous Province (LIP), and it is characterized by a sharp increase in global temperature and humidity, accompanied by significant changes in marine and terrestrial ecosystems and the re-emergence of global coal accumulation. Many studies have focused on the link between the evolution of terrestrial ecosystems in different regions of the world and the CPE. However, a systematic analysis and study of the internal coupling between global coal accumulation during the CPE and simultaneous global or regional environmental-climatic change events is still lacking. In this study, we systematically review and summarize existing evidence of terrestrial environmental-climatic and plant changes associated with the re-emergence of global coal accumulation during the CPE, discuss its patterns and driving processes, and analyze its driving mechanisms. Evidence from multiple nearly synchronous carbon isotope negative excursions, Hg enrichment anomalies (Hg/TOC ratio peaks), and Hg isotopes directly shows that the Wrangellia LIP drove significant changes in terrestrial environments, climate, and vegetation during the CPE. The eruption of the Wrangellia LIP released massive amounts of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, triggering global warming. Consequently, atmospheric circulation and hydrological cycles were enhanced, which led to increased global rainfall and a shift in climatic conditions from warm-dry to warm-humid – conditions that favored plant growth and preservation. These changes were concurrently accompanied by the extensive development of terrestrial deltas and swamps, rising lake levels, intensified chemical weathering, and the proliferation of hygrophytic plants and freshwater algae. In response to these processes, the burial of terrestrial organic carbon significantly increased, facilitating the reappearance of global coal accumulation. The increase in organic carbon burial and the resumption of global coal accumulation exerted negative feedback on global atmospheric conditions, which could partially offset the greenhouse effect caused by greenhouse gas emissions from the Wrangellia LIP. As a result, the environment and climate stabilized, ultimately leading to the termination of the CPE. These results indicate that LIPs can occur in multiple pulse forms and have a powerful capacity to alter the carbon cycle, trigger environmental and climatic changes, and drive macro-biological evolution. In contrast, global coal accumulation plays a crucial role in providing climatic stabil","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105367"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145732105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alkaline magmatism in the Southern Granulite Terrane, India: Insights into Precambrian tectonics and mantle evolution","authors":"M.R. Nandu ,&nbsp;Y. Anilkumar ,&nbsp;M. Santosh ,&nbsp;Cheng-Xue Yang ,&nbsp;Sung Won Kim ,&nbsp;A.P. Pradeepkumar ,&nbsp;M.P. Manu Prasanth ,&nbsp;A.S. Amrutha","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkaline magmatism through space and time over the globe has contributed significantly to crustal growth and the formation of important rare metal and rare earth reserves. The Southern Granulite Terrane (SGT) in India is an important archive of Proterozoic alkaline complexes that are largely unmetamorphosed and undeformed, occurring as linear chains aligned along crustal-scale paleo-suture zones or major transcrustal faults. These alkaline magmatic suites include syenites, carbonatites, nepheline syenites, alkali granites and lamprophyres occur as ring complexes, individual plutons, intrusive lenses, dykes, and plugs. Here we present a comprehensive overview of the occurrence, petrology, geochemistry, and geochronology of seventeen alkaline magmatic suites, highlighting their petrogenetic significance and geodynamic implications. The Proterozoic alkaline magmatism in the Southern Granulite Terrane is marked by three distinct phases: an early Paleoproterozoic episode (∼2498–2340 Ma), a mid-Neoproterozoic episode (∼830–720 Ma), and a late Neoproterozoic (∼620–572 Ma). These alkaline magmatic suites exhibit variable morphologies, with some of the Cryogenian alkaline–carbonatite complexes occurring as ring or crescent-shaped structures. Carbonatites, unlike associated alkaline silicate and ultramafic rocks, display markedly steeper rare earth element (REE) patterns and pronounced LREE/HREE fractionation, consistent with derivation from low-degree partial melting of a mantle source. The majority of δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values for the Southern Granulite Terrane carbonatites fall within the field of primary mantle-derived carbonatites. Radiogenic Sr<img>Nd isotopic signatures show a temporal trend toward more enriched compositions from the Paleoproterozoic to the Neoproterozoic, reflecting progressive geochemical evolution of the source mantle through time. The Sr–Nd–Pb–C–O isotopic compositions of these alkaline rocks and carbonatite indicate the involvement of compositionally heterogeneous mantle domains beneath the Southern Granulite Terrane. Field relationships, along with mineralogical and isotopic data, suggest that syenites, carbonatites, and pyroxenites were emplaced as discrete magmatic intrusions derived from compositionally distinct sources, rather than representing derivatives of a single parental melt. The alkaline rocks and carbonatites exhibit post-collisional geochemical signatures and isotopic evidence for source heterogeneity, consistent with an extensional tectonic regime. Prolonged extension likely facilitated lithospheric thinning, promoting asthenospheric upwelling and decompression melting of a metasomatized lithospheric mantle. These magmas subsequently interacted with subduction-modified lithospheric components of varying ages, producing compositionally diverse melts that were emplaced as shallow-level intrusions along major crustal-scale suture zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105364"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dataset and review of empirical estimation relationships for landslide runout distances: Comment","authors":"Bo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper “A dataset and review of empirical estimation relationships for landslide runout distances” by <span><span>Gong et al. (2025)</span></span>, published in Earth-Science Reviews (doi: <span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105225</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), presents a noteworthy contribution to the field. It not only summarizes recent advances in estimating landslide runout distances but also introduces new empirical relationships based on a recently compiled dataset. Landslide runout distance is strongly influenced by spatial confinement conditions (landslide topography) during movement and accumulation. However, as the authors themselves note, the current empirical relationships does not account for landslide topography at all. Moreover, the existing dataset has certain limitations that many landslide types are not taken into consideration. In this comment, I aim to offer some constructive input regarding landslide topography and compiled landslide dataset, which may help address some of these gaps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 105354"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Hydrothermal vents through space and time: experimentally simulating dynamic flow-through systems on Earth and other worlds’ [Earth Science Reviews 271 (2025) 105311]","authors":"Bronwyn L. Teece ,&nbsp;Selene M.C. Cannelli ,&nbsp;C. Felipe Garibello ,&nbsp;Shawn E. McGlynn ,&nbsp;Laura M. Barge","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105353","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 105353"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Revisiting the Dom Feliciano Belt and surrounding areas – An integrated geophysical and isotope geology approach” [Earth-Science Reviews, 266 (2025), 105135]","authors":"C.D. Teixeira ,&nbsp;T.J. Girelli ,&nbsp;H. Serratt ,&nbsp;F. Chemale Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105340","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 105340"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145658156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borehole geophysical studies in glaciers. Part I: Borehole logging","authors":"Pavel G. Talalay ,&nbsp;Nan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Fan ,&nbsp;Yazhou Li ,&nbsp;Da Gong ,&nbsp;Bing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glaciers including ice sheets, ice caps, and mountain glaciers cover more than 10 % of the Earth's land area. Borehole drilling in glaciers serves a wide range of scientific purposes, such as the evolution of the Earth's climate and environment, formation and movement of snow and ice, impact of glacial phenomena on landscapes, subglacial environment, and so on. Geophysical logging is a crucial component of most ice-drilling projects, providing valuable in-situ data on the physical and structural properties of the natural snow and ice surrounding the borehole. These properties include temperature, density, creep parameters, optical characteristics, visual stratigraphy, and subglacial electrical resistivity. However, conventional geophysical logging techniques are often not suitable for ice due to its distinct physical properties. Over the past six decades, specialized downhole tools—such as light-emitting loggers and optical televiewers—have been developed to image borehole walls and resolve stratigraphy at resolutions comparable to those of ice core analysis. These advanced methods bridge ice-core data with regional glaciological parameters, such as ice flow dynamics and geothermal heat flux. This paper provides an overview of current and emerging borehole logging techniques and their applications in glacier research, while a subsequent paper discusses long-term in-situ borehole observatories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105357"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecohydrological and geomorphological importance of glacial lakes","authors":"Taigang Zhang ,&nbsp;Weicai Wang ,&nbsp;Adam Emmer ,&nbsp;Gang Jin ,&nbsp;Keshao Liu ,&nbsp;Baosheng An ,&nbsp;Tandong Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapidly expanding glacial lakes are transforming cryospheric, hydrologic, ecologic, and societal dynamics worldwide. They affect water resources, hydropower, sediment transport, and carbon cycles while also being influenced by the increased instability and interactions with their surroundings due to global warming. Here, we present a state-of-the-art synthesis on glacial lakes, focusing on their ecohydrological and geomorphological importance. First, warming-driven deglaciation is inducing extensive glacial lake expansion, enhancing freshwater storage capacity and hydropower potential. Sediment-rich meltwater promotes underwater weathering, positioning glacial lakes as important yet underrecognized carbon sinks, with a preliminary global carbon consumption flux estimated at over 0.26 Tg C-CO₂ yr⁻¹. Second, glacial lakes profoundly reshape high mountain landscapes by acting as sediment sinks, drivers of catastrophic sediment transport events, and modulators of cascading hazards. They trap sediment fluxes from glacier-fed systems, creating long-term geological archives and influencing downstream geomorphology. Extreme lake outbursts can mobilize vast quantities of sediment, dramatically altering river networks, floodplains, and valley morphology. Moreover, interactions between expanding proglacial lakes, retreating and calving glaciers, and unstable ice-rich moraine dams heighten geomorphic instability under ongoing warming, increasing the susceptibility of lake outbursts. Overall, glacial lakes can significantly affect geomorphic evolution, biogeochemical cycles, and socioeconomic activities in the surrounding areas up to tens of kilometers downstream. Future research requires systematic field planning and monitoring to reveal these critical interactions and improve local risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 105356"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145657574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}