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Revisiting the Dom Feliciano Belt and surrounding areas – An integrated geophysical and isotope geology approach 重访Dom Feliciano带及其周边地区——综合地球物理和同位素地质方法
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-04-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105135
C.D. Teixeira , T.J. Girelli , H. Serratt , F. Chemale Jr.
The reconstruction of orogenic terranes across conjugate margins separated by oceanic formation requires the integration of complementary geological records from both regions. A major challenge lies in the loss of geological evidence following orogenic events, particularly processes associated with later continental break-up, such as those in southwestern Gondwana. In southeastern Brazil, Uruguay, and southwestern Africa, these records include Archean to Mesoproterozoic terranes and Pan-African-Brasiliano mobile belts. Following the amalgamation of the Gondwana supercontinent, these terranes underwent multiple phases of uplift, subsidence, and erosion, making their paleogeographic reconstruction more complex. To overcome these complexities, various datasets, including gamma-ray spectrometry, magnetic and gravity surveys, geological mapping, and UPb geochronology, were integrated. Our analysis reveals distinct geophysical domains and major lineaments defined by magnetic, gravimetric, and gamma-ray anomalies, providing new insights into the western Gondwana structural framework. The study highlights the collision between the Rio de la Plata Craton and the Congo and Kalahari cratons, characterized by thrust-and-fold belts and strike-slip systems. Distinct terranes are well-constrained, including the Rio de la Plata Craton, the São Gabriel magmatic arc, the Tijucas fold-and-thrust belt, and Ediacaran to Eopaleozoic terranes (Encruzilhada, Pelotas, and Punta del Este arcs), along with late to post-orogenic basins. Our refined mapping of terrane boundaries and shear zones enhances our understanding of tectonic evolution and supports correlations between terranes now separated by the South Atlantic. These findings improve interpretations of southwestern Gondwana's tectonostratigraphic architecture and its cratonic and orogenic assembly processes.
跨越大洋构造分隔的共轭边缘的造山地体的重建需要整合两个地区的互补地质记录。一个主要的挑战在于造山事件之后地质证据的丢失,特别是与后来的大陆分裂有关的过程,比如冈瓦纳西南部的那些。在巴西东南部、乌拉圭和非洲西南部,这些记录包括太古宙至中元古代地体和泛非-巴西利亚移动带。随着冈瓦纳超大陆的合并,这些地体经历了多个阶段的隆升、沉降和侵蚀,使得它们的古地理重建更加复杂。为了克服这些复杂性,他们整合了各种数据集,包括伽马射线能谱、磁力和重力测量、地质填图和UPb地质年代学。我们的分析揭示了不同的地球物理域和由磁、重力和伽马射线异常定义的主要轮廓,为冈瓦纳西部构造框架提供了新的见解。研究强调了里约热内卢de la Plata克拉通与刚果克拉通和喀拉哈里克拉通的碰撞,以逆冲褶皱带和走滑系统为特征。不同的地体受到很好的约束,包括里约热内卢de la Plata克拉通、s o Gabriel岩浆弧、Tijucas褶皱冲断带、埃迪卡拉纪至上古生代地体(Encruzilhada、Pelotas和Punta del Este弧)以及晚至后造山盆地。我们对地体边界和剪切带的精细绘制增强了我们对构造演化的理解,并支持了现在被南大西洋分开的地体之间的相关性。这些发现改善了对冈瓦纳西南部构造地层结构及其克拉通和造山组合过程的解释。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-scale, diverse origin inherited fabrics in rifts: A discussion through the lens of Cenozoic rifting in Thailand and comparison with other rift basins 多尺度、多样的断陷成因继承构造:以泰国新生代断陷盆地为视角探讨并与其他断陷盆地比较
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105131
Chris Morley , Sarawute Chantraprasert
Inherited fabrics in all rifts can be broadly viewed as affecting different scales of features in particular: regional rift location, rift mode, boundary faults and secondary faults. In rifts developed in relatively cold lithosphere (e.g. East African Rift) inherited fabrics are predominantly old (Precambrian), widely separated in time from rifting. Rift location is strongly linked to where lithospheric mantle strength is reduced by deep mantle processes. Conversely, in Thailand (SE Asia) Cenozoic rifting developed in hot lithosphere (upper plate of major subduction zones), inherited fabrics comprise a highly diverse range of types (folds, thrusts in Phanerozoic sequences, gneiss domes, granite plutons, metamorphic foliations, strike-slip faults) that formed primarily during the Triassic (Indosinian Orogeny), Late Cretaceous and Paleogene. The orogenic development of gneiss domes in Thailand has parallels with Caledonian structures below the northern North Sea rifts. Rift location is controlled by the area of weakest crust, i.e. the Indosinian Paleotethys suture zone. Rift mode in Thailand varies from wide to narrow to core complex not only in response to crustal conditions (temperature, thickness), but also to local magmatism and fabric inheritance (major Indosinian detachment zones). The wealth of fabrics in Thailand influenced the location, dip direction, dip value, strike orientation, propagation and linkage history, fault length-displacement characteristics, fault population size distribution and map-view patterns of normal faults. Fabric influence on Thailand's rift basins is important to identify for a variety of reasons including: 1) as an extra factor to crustal thickness and geothermal gradient that influences rift mode, 2) as a major control on rift location, 3) as means of explaining atypical fault patterns in rift basins, and thereby supporting an extensional origin, rather than an escape-tectonics related strike-slip origin, 4) as a major influence on the characteristics of individual rift basins and how structures of economic importance have developed. 5) Causing fault populations to evolve in a variety of ways during the rift initiation phase. The Cenozoic rifts of Thailand provide insights into the influence of inherited fabrics on rifting that represent near opposite end-member lithospheric conditions to the EAR.
所有裂谷中的继承构造可以被广泛地视为影响不同尺度的特征,特别是区域裂谷位置、裂谷模式、边界断层和次级断层。在相对寒冷的岩石圈发育的裂谷(如东非裂谷)中,继承构造主要是古老的(前寒武纪),在时间上与裂谷分离得很远。裂谷位置与岩石圈地幔强度因深部地幔作用而减弱的位置密切相关。相反,在泰国(东南亚),新生代裂谷作用发育于热岩石圈(主要俯冲带的上板块),继承构造包括高度多样化的类型(褶皱、显生宙层序逆冲、片麻岩丘、花岗岩体、变质片理、走滑断层),主要形成于三叠纪(印支造山运动)、晚白垩世和古近纪。泰国片麻岩穹丘的造山发育与北海北部裂谷下方的加里东构造有相似之处。裂谷位置受最弱地壳区域,即印支古特提斯缝合带控制。泰国裂谷模式由宽到窄不等,不仅与地壳条件(温度、厚度)有关,还与局部岩浆活动和构造继承(印支主要拆离带)有关。泰国构造丰富程度影响了正断层的位置、倾角方向、倾角值、走向、传播和联动历史、断层长度-位移特征、断层种群规模分布和图视图模式。织物对泰国裂谷盆地的影响很重要,原因有很多,包括:1)作为影响裂谷模式的地壳厚度和地热梯度的额外因素,2)作为裂谷位置的主要控制因素,3)作为解释裂谷盆地非典型断层模式的手段,从而支持伸展起源,而不是与逃避构造相关的走滑起源,4)作为对单个裂谷盆地特征和经济重要性结构如何发展的主要影响。5)导致断裂群在裂谷起始阶段以多种方式演化。泰国新生代裂谷提供了关于继承构造对裂谷的影响的见解,这些裂谷代表了与EAR几乎相反的端元岩石圈条件。
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引用次数: 0
Stabilisation and destabilisation of coastal blue carbon: The key factors 沿海蓝碳的稳定与不稳定:关键因素
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105133
Peter I. Macreadie , Anirban Akhand , Stacey M. Trevathan-Tackett , Carlos M. Duarte , Jeff Baldock , Jennifer L. Bowen , Rod M. Connolly
Blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs), which include seagrass meadows, tidal marshes and mangrove and supratidal forests, hold large reservoirs of organic carbon. Despite the impact of BCEs as natural climate solutions, the mechanisms responsible for carbon retention have not been clearly summarised, limiting our chance to manage BCEs for maximum carbon storage. Here, we explore a great mystery of the blue carbon cycle by reviewing existing published literature: Why is some coastal carbon remineralised into CO2 and CH4 by microbes within seconds/min while other carbon escapes microbial attack and becomes sequestered for millennia? The answer to this question will help predict and manage the global blue carbon cycle. We find that microbial communities are fundamental drivers of carbon mineralisation in BCE sediments, with their metabolic pathways dictating the fate of sequestered organic matter. Contrary to earlier notions, microbial diversity and composition are shown to significantly impact carbon stabilisation, with distinct microbial taxa targeting different organic compounds. Furthermore, anthropogenic disturbances such as habitat alteration and eutrophication can disrupt microbial communities, leading to increased carbon mineralisation and CO2 and CH4 emissions. Environmental parameters such as temperature, salinity, and nutrient availability also exert considerable influence on carbon stability in BCEs. Changes in these factors can alter microbial activity and the degradation rate of organic matter, highlighting the importance of understanding their additive and synergistic effects. For instance, warming combined with oxygen exposure due to habitat disturbance can amplify microbial carbon mineralisation, particularly in submerged BCEs like seagrass beds. Future research directions include characterising carbon at molecular levels, understanding region-specific drivers of carbon stability, and prioritising conservation efforts based on physiographic and geomorphologic settings. This review underscores the need for a holistic approach to BCE management, considering both microbial processes and environmental factors. By elucidating the factors governing carbon stability, this study aims to enhance our understanding of the role of BCEs in climate change mitigation and inform conservation strategies.
蓝碳生态系统(bce)包括海草草甸、潮汐沼泽、红树林和潮上森林,拥有大量的有机碳储存库。尽管生物燃料作为自然气候解决方案具有一定的影响,但碳保留的机制尚未得到明确总结,这限制了我们管理生物燃料以最大限度地储存碳的机会。在这里,我们通过回顾现有已发表的文献来探索蓝碳循环的一个巨大谜团:为什么一些沿海碳在几秒/分钟内被微生物重新矿化成二氧化碳和甲烷,而其他碳逃脱微生物的攻击并被隔离数千年?这个问题的答案将有助于预测和管理全球蓝碳循环。我们发现微生物群落是BCE沉积物中碳矿化的基本驱动因素,它们的代谢途径决定了被隔离有机质的命运。与早期的观点相反,微生物的多样性和组成对碳的稳定性有显著影响,不同的微生物类群针对不同的有机化合物。此外,生境改变和富营养化等人为干扰会破坏微生物群落,导致碳矿化和二氧化碳和甲烷排放增加。温度、盐度和养分有效性等环境参数对bce中碳的稳定性也有相当大的影响。这些因素的变化可以改变微生物活动和有机物的降解速度,强调了了解它们的加性和协同效应的重要性。例如,由于栖息地干扰而导致的变暖加上氧气暴露会放大微生物的碳矿化,特别是在像海草床这样的水下生物源中。未来的研究方向包括在分子水平上表征碳,了解碳稳定性的区域特定驱动因素,以及基于地理和地貌环境优先考虑保护工作。这篇综述强调需要一个全面的方法来管理BCE,考虑微生物过程和环境因素。通过阐明控制碳稳定性的因素,本研究旨在增强我们对生物多样性在减缓气候变化中的作用的理解,并为保护策略提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Spatial distribution and formation mechanisms of high‑iodine groundwater throughout China 全国高碘地下水的空间分布和形成机制
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105134
Junxia Li , Shilin Zhao , Zhou Jiang , Xianjun Xie , Yamin Deng , Liang Shi , Andreas Kappler , Philippe Van Cappellen , Yanxin Wang
High‑iodine groundwater poses a severe threat to the health of millions of people worldwide, especially in China. Understanding iodine mobilization in aquifers is crucial for sustainable exploitation of groundwater resources. In this Review, we summarize the spatial distribution characteristics of high‑iodine groundwater across China, elucidate the sources and hosts of iodine, and discuss the hydrogeological and biogeochemical processes responsible for iodine enrichment in aquifers. High‑iodine groundwater is widely distributed in inland semi-arid/arid basins/plains and coastal areas, occurring in both shallow and deep layers with iodide as the dominant iodine species. Terrestrial/marine-derived sedimentary organic matter and organic matter-bound iron minerals are the primary sources of iodine. The mobilization, transformation and enrichment of iodine in aquifers are controlled by both hydrogeological processes (i.e., evaporation concentration, compaction release and burial dissolution) and biogeochemical processes, including iodate reduction by iodate-reducing bacteria, Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria and anaerobic methane-oxidizing microorganisms, and organic iodine degradation/dehalogenation. Future studies should focus on the investigation of radioiodine-contaminated groundwater, identification and quantification of organic iodine species, characterization of anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled with iodate reduction, iodine oxidation and methylation, and cost-effective remediation of high‑iodine groundwater.
高碘地下水对全世界数百万人的健康构成严重威胁,特别是在中国。了解碘在含水层中的迁移对地下水资源的可持续开发至关重要。本文综述了中国高碘地下水的空间分布特征,阐明了碘的来源和寄主,并讨论了含水层中碘富集的水文地质和生物地球化学过程。高碘地下水广泛分布于内陆半干旱/干旱盆地/平原和沿海地区,存在于浅层和深层,碘化物为优势碘种。陆相/海相沉积有机质和有机质结合的铁矿物是碘的主要来源。含水层中碘的动员、转化和富集受水文地质过程(即蒸发浓度、压实释放和埋藏溶解)和生物地球化学过程的控制,包括碘酸还原细菌、铁(III)还原细菌、硫酸盐还原细菌和厌氧甲烷氧化微生物对碘酸盐的还原以及有机碘的降解/脱卤作用。未来的研究应集中在放射性碘污染地下水的调查、有机碘种类的鉴定和定量、甲烷厌氧氧化与碘酸盐还原、碘氧化和甲基化耦合的表征以及高碘地下水的成本效益修复等方面。
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引用次数: 0
First comparison of subsidence/uplift rates between Copernicus European Ground Motion Service data and long-term MIS 5.5 geological record in Mediterranean regions 首次比较哥白尼欧洲地面运动服务数据与地中海地区长期MIS 5.5地质记录之间的沉降/上升速率
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105132
Giovanni Luca Cardello , Giovanni Barreca , Carmelo Monaco , Marcello de Michele , Fabrizio Antonioli
The European Ground Motion Service (EGMS), a component of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service, offers a valuable tool for investigating vertical ground motion in coastal regions that are subject to different natural and anthropogenic processes. To conduct effective coastal assessments, it is essential to consider the multiscale interactions of these processes. This review presents a methodology for comparing EGMS Ortho (Level 3) data, based on Sentinel-1, and calibrated with measurements from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and long-term rates based on the markers of the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS 5.5; Late Pleistocene). This study examines the Italian and Greek coasts, encompassing a range of geodynamic settings. In stable crustal segments, such as Sardinia, the EGMS Ortho (Level 3) data roughly align with both GNSS and post-MIS 5.5 rates. However, long-term based observed variations are considerably below the current 1 mm/yr EGMS precision. Conversely, in foreland basins, EGMS maps show higher values than GNSS data, which reflect regional interactions between ongoing tectonics and compaction. Local discrepancies between EGMS and GNSS in industrialized areas are attributable to industrial activities, as evidenced by the EGMS subsidence rates (8 mm/yr) observed in Ravenna, which exceed regional long-term estimates (0.8 mm/yr). In seismically active regions, such as Calabria and Sicily (e.g. the Messina Strait), the data reveals complex short- and long-term interactions linked to the seismic cycle. Conversely, in volcanic areas, like Campi Flegrei, Mt. Etna, Santorini and Nisyros, the EGMS data proves most valuable for highlighting complex volcano-tectonic movements. The findings of this study can be extended to other areas worldwide.
欧洲地面运动服务(EGMS)是哥白尼土地监测服务的一个组成部分,为调查受不同自然和人为过程影响的沿海地区的垂直地面运动提供了一个有价值的工具。为了进行有效的沿海评估,必须考虑这些过程的多尺度相互作用。本文介绍了一种比较EGMS Ortho (Level 3)数据的方法,该数据基于Sentinel-1,并使用全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)的测量数据和基于海洋同位素阶段(MIS 5.5;晚更新世)。本研究考察了意大利和希腊海岸,包括一系列地球动力学环境。在稳定的地壳段,如撒丁岛,EGMS Ortho (Level 3)数据大致与GNSS和mis 5.5后的速率一致。然而,长期观测到的变化远低于目前1毫米/年的EGMS精度。相反,在前陆盆地,EGMS图显示的数值高于GNSS数据,反映了正在进行的构造和压实作用之间的区域相互作用。在工业化地区,EGMS和GNSS之间的局部差异可归因于工业活动,在拉文纳观测到的EGMS沉降率(8毫米/年)超过了区域长期估计(0.8毫米/年)。在地震活跃地区,如卡拉布里亚和西西里岛(如墨西拿海峡),数据揭示了与地震周期相关的复杂的短期和长期相互作用。相反,在像Campi Flegrei、mount Etna、Santorini和Nisyros这样的火山地区,EGMS数据被证明在突出复杂的火山构造运动方面最有价值。本研究的结果可以推广到世界其他地区。
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引用次数: 0
Fingerprints of necking domains at rifted margins: A review of the best-documented examples worldwide 裂谷边缘颈状域的指纹:世界范围内记录最详实的实例综述
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105110
Pauline Chenin, Gianreto Manatschal
During rifting, the continental crust is usually thinned from its initial thickness to ca. 10 km over only a few million years. The mechanisms of this so-called necking phase are incompletely understood, and yet they have major implications on the structural, thermal and isostatic evolution of rift systems. One major difficulty in studying the necking phase arises from its transient character in the framework of continental rifting, and from the subsequent extension and thermal relaxation that may overprint it. Consequently, the fingerprints of the necking process are partially dismembered and overprinted in present-day rifted margins, and hence are poorly constrained.
In this contribution, we synthesize data from the best calibrated necking domains worldwide to define general recognition criteria and identify the processes controlling the necking phase. We show that the necking domain of rifted margins usually displays the following body of evidence: (1) deformed basement directly overlain by undeformed syn-rift sediments; (2) exhumation of relatively deep continental crust; (3) syn-rift basement erosion and adjacent sandstone deposition; and (4) syn-rift and syn-tectonic/syn-kinematic shallow-water sediments directly overlain by syn-rift but post-tectonic/post-kinematic deeper-water deposits. We assert that the combination of these fingerprints cannot be explained by the classical high-angle normal fault model by itself and discuss the possible additional and/or alternative processes. We argue that extensional detachment faults can by themselves account for the combination of fingerprints listed above and are often required to accurate kinematic restoration of rift systems evolution.
在裂谷过程中,大陆地壳通常在几百万年的时间里从最初的厚度减薄到大约10公里。这种所谓的颈缩阶段的机制尚不完全清楚,但它们对裂谷系统的构造、热演化和均衡演化具有重要意义。研究颈缩期的一个主要困难在于它在大陆裂陷框架中的短暂性,以及随后可能叠加的伸展和热松弛作用。因此,颈缩过程的指纹部分被肢解并叠印在今天的裂谷边缘,因此约束很差。在这篇贡献中,我们综合了来自全球最佳校准的颈缩域的数据,以定义通用识别标准并确定控制颈缩阶段的过程。研究表明,裂陷边缘颈缩区通常表现出以下证据:(1)变形基底被未变形的同裂陷沉积物直接覆盖;(2)较深大陆地壳发掘;(3)同裂谷基底侵蚀与相邻砂岩沉积;(4)同裂谷和同构造/同运动浅水沉积直接上覆于同裂谷之上,但后构造/后运动深水沉积。我们认为这些指纹的组合不能用经典的高角度正断层模型单独解释,并讨论了可能的附加和/或替代过程。我们认为,伸展分离断层本身可以解释上述指纹的组合,并且通常需要精确的运动学恢复裂谷系统的演化。
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引用次数: 0
Magmatic complexes of the Tekturmas Fold-and-Thrust Belt, Central Kazakhstan: An overview and new implications for the early Paleozoic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean 哈萨克斯坦中部Tekturmas褶皱冲断带岩浆复合体:古亚洲海洋早古生代演化综述及其新意义
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105120
Inna Safonova , Alexandra Gurova , Alina Perfilova , Wenjiao Xiao , Pavel Kotler , Reimar Seltmann , Natalia Soloshenko , Alla Dolgopolova
The Tekturmas Fold-and-Thrust Belt (TFTB) is an important structure of the Kazakhstan Orocline in the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), which formation is linked with the early-middle Paleozoic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (PAO). The TFTB includes accreted oceanic sediments and magmatic rocks, supra-subduction ophiolites and fore-arc and back-arc siliciclastic rocks of Cambrian to Silurian ages. There remains a deficiency in data from magmatic rocks of the TFTB and, as a result, the timing of magmatism, mantle sources and tectonic settings are still debatable and the general early Paleozoic evolution of the TFTB is not fully understood. In this paper we review previous geological and age data (U-Pb, microfauna) and present new geological, geochronological (U-Pb zircon ages) and geochemical data and first isotope data (Sm-Nd, Pb-Pb, Lu-Hf). We discuss these new results and the previously reported, but still limited data from both magmatic and clastic rocks. Granite and rhyolite yielded middle-late Ordovician U-Pb zircon ages, 462 and 449 Ma, respectively. There are three main groups of volcanic/subvolcanic and plutonic rocks: (1) high-Ti, (2) mid-Ti, and (3) low-Ti. The high-Ti basalts and andesites are enriched in high-field strength elements (HFSE) and light rare-earth elements (LREE); they were derived at 2–4 % melting of an enriched garnet-bearing peridotite (εNdt = +2.1… +6.8; 206Pb/204Pb = 19.2–22.8) and erupted on an oceanic island or seamount. The mid-Ti gabbro is N-MORB formed from a 15 % melted depleted mantle source (εNdt = +8.1; 206Pb/204Pb = 18.9). The low-Ti group is depleted in HFSE, but not LREE, and formed at high degrees of melting (15–30 %) of depleted and ultra-depleted mantle sources (εNdt = +6.1… +10.8; εHft = +17.6… +19.3) suggesting their emplacement in a supra-subduction setting. Based on all the available data, we present a model of double-sided subduction in this part of the PAO, which generated four intra-oceanic arcs at its opposite sides: early-middle Cambrian and Early Ordovician on one side and Early and Late Ordovician on another side. The early-middle Cambrian and Early Ordovician arcs were tectonically eroded and their fragments have been preserved in blocks of mélange and greywacke sandstones only. The pieces of all arcs were tectonically juxtaposed in the TFTB during the processes of subduction and accretion in the PAO. The early Paleozoic magmatism ceased in early Silurian time.
Tekturmas褶皱冲断带(TFTB)是中亚造山带(CAOB)西部哈萨克斯坦造山斜的重要构造,其形成与古亚洲洋(PAO)早-中古生代演化有关。该构造包括寒武纪至志留纪的海洋沉积和岩浆岩、俯冲后蛇绿岩、弧前和弧后的硅质碎屑岩。由于岩浆岩资料的缺乏,岩浆活动的时间、地幔源和构造背景仍存在争议,对塔里木盆地早古生代的整体演化尚未完全了解。本文回顾了前人的地质和年龄资料(U-Pb、微动物群),并介绍了新的地质、年代学资料(U-Pb锆石年龄)和地球化学资料以及首次同位素资料(Sm-Nd、Pb-Pb、Lu-Hf)。我们讨论了这些新的结果和以前报道的,但仍然有限的岩浆岩和碎屑岩的数据。花岗岩和流纹岩的U-Pb锆石年龄分别为462和449 Ma。火山岩/次火山岩和深部岩体主要有三大类:(1)高钛、(2)中钛和(3)低钛。高钛玄武岩和安山岩富集高场强元素(HFSE)和轻稀土元素(LREE);εNdt = +2.1…+6.8;206Pb/204Pb = 19.2-22.8),喷发于海洋岛屿或海底山。中钛辉长岩是由15%熔融的枯竭地幔源形成的N-MORB (εNdt = +8.1;206Pb/204Pb = 18.9)。低ti组在HFSE中亏缺,而LREE不亏缺,形成于亏缺和超亏缺地幔源的高度熔融(15 - 30%)(εNdt = +6.1…+10.8;εHft = +17.6 ~ +19.3),表明它们位于超俯冲背景下。综合现有资料,本文提出了该地区的双侧俯冲模式,两侧分别形成了早中寒武世和早奥陶世、早奥陶世和晚奥陶世4条大洋内弧。早中寒武世和早奥陶世的弧受构造侵蚀,其碎屑仅保存在石质和灰质砂岩块体中。在PAO的俯冲和增生过程中,各弧块在构造上并置于ttfb。早古生代岩浆活动在志留纪早期停止。
{"title":"Magmatic complexes of the Tekturmas Fold-and-Thrust Belt, Central Kazakhstan: An overview and new implications for the early Paleozoic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean","authors":"Inna Safonova ,&nbsp;Alexandra Gurova ,&nbsp;Alina Perfilova ,&nbsp;Wenjiao Xiao ,&nbsp;Pavel Kotler ,&nbsp;Reimar Seltmann ,&nbsp;Natalia Soloshenko ,&nbsp;Alla Dolgopolova","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Tekturmas Fold-and-Thrust Belt (TFTB) is an important structure of the Kazakhstan Orocline in the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), which formation is linked with the early-middle Paleozoic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (PAO). The TFTB includes accreted oceanic sediments and magmatic rocks, supra-subduction ophiolites and fore-arc and back-arc siliciclastic rocks of Cambrian to Silurian ages. There remains a deficiency in data from magmatic rocks of the TFTB and, as a result, the timing of magmatism, mantle sources and tectonic settings are still debatable and the general early Paleozoic evolution of the TFTB is not fully understood. In this paper we review previous geological and age data (U-Pb, microfauna) and present new geological, geochronological (U-Pb zircon ages) and geochemical data and first isotope data (Sm-Nd, Pb-Pb, Lu-Hf). We discuss these new results and the previously reported, but still limited data from both magmatic and clastic rocks. Granite and rhyolite yielded middle-late Ordovician U-Pb zircon ages, 462 and 449 Ma, respectively. There are three main groups of volcanic/subvolcanic and plutonic rocks: (1) high-Ti, (2) mid-Ti, and (3) low-Ti. The high-Ti basalts and andesites are enriched in high-field strength elements (HFSE) and light rare-earth elements (LREE); they were derived at 2–4 % melting of an enriched garnet-bearing peridotite (εNd<sub>t</sub> = +2.1… +6.8; <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb = 19.2–22.8) and erupted on an oceanic island or seamount. The mid-Ti gabbro is N-MORB formed from a 15 % melted depleted mantle source (εNd<sub>t</sub> = +8.1; <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb = 18.9). The low-Ti group is depleted in HFSE, but not LREE, and formed at high degrees of melting (15–30 %) of depleted and ultra-depleted mantle sources (εNd<sub>t</sub> = +6.1… +10.8; εHf<sub>t</sub> = +17.6… +19.3) suggesting their emplacement in a supra-subduction setting. Based on all the available data, we present a model of double-sided subduction in this part of the PAO, which generated four intra-oceanic arcs at its opposite sides: early-middle Cambrian and Early Ordovician on one side and Early and Late Ordovician on another side. The early-middle Cambrian and Early Ordovician arcs were tectonically eroded and their fragments have been preserved in blocks of mélange and greywacke sandstones only. The pieces of all arcs were tectonically juxtaposed in the TFTB during the processes of subduction and accretion in the PAO. The early Paleozoic magmatism ceased in early Silurian time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 105120"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The 4.2 ka event in the Northern Hemisphere: Spatial heterogeneity and driving mechanisms of hydroclimatic change 北半球4.2 ka事件:水文气候变化的空间异质性与驱动机制
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105128
Qi Nan , Shengqian Chen , Xiaokang Liu , Shuai Ma , Yuanhao Sun , Lingxin Huang , Jianhui Chen , Jürg Luterbacher , Michael E. Meadows , Fahu Chen
The 4.2 ka event (~4300–3900 yr BP), marking the boundary of the middle-late Holocene and the onset of the Meghalayan stage, is traditionally associated with global megadroughts and significant social changes. However, debates continue with respect to its spatial distribution (worldwide versus regional), hydroclimatic change (drying versus wetting), and driving mechanism (North Atlantic versus Pacific forcing). This study established a new dataset including 200 high-quality Northern Hemisphere records focused on the 4.2 ka event, selected based on chronological control points, temporal resolution, and proxy significance. According to the amplitude and duration of hydroclimatic change of individual records within the 4.2 ka event, 130 of the 200 records experienced hydroclimatic excursions. While slight overall drying (73 out of 130 records) is observed in the Northern Hemisphere, evident spatial heterogeneity of hydroclimatic change is detected, with North-South dipole patterns over the East Asian monsoon and Europe-circum Mediterranean regions, as well as an East-West dipole pattern over North America. This emphasizes that drying and wetting both represent hydroclimatic characteristics of the 4.2 ka event. Furthermore, this study assessed the intensity of hydroclimatic change during the 4.2 ka event across different regions in the Northern Hemisphere for the first time, which weakened from western to eastern Eurasia. Given that the Pacific forcing shifted only after the onset of the 4.2 ka event, we propose that the event was initially triggered by North Atlantic forcing, with Pacific forcing subsequently amplifying its impact. These two forcings jointly contributed to the pronounced spatial heterogeneity of hydroclimatic change during the event, highlighting a fundamental characteristic of hydroclimatic variability. Our results significantly differ from the conventional perspective of a uniform “low-latitude drought” or “global megadroughts”, highlighting the importance of hydroclimatic spatial heterogeneity in understanding the characteristics, mechanisms, and influence on civilizations.
4.2 ka事件(~ 4300-3900 yr BP)标志着全新世中晚期和梅加拉亚期开始的分界线,传统上与全球特大干旱和重大社会变化有关。然而,关于其空间分布(全球vs区域)、水文气候变化(干燥vs湿润)和驱动机制(北大西洋vs太平洋强迫)的争论仍在继续。本研究建立了一个新的数据集,包括200个高质量的北半球记录,重点关注4.2 ka事件,选择基于时间控制点,时间分辨率和代理意义。根据4.2 ka事件中单个记录的水文气候变化幅度和持续时间,200个记录中有130个经历了水文气候偏移。虽然在北半球观测到轻微的整体干燥(130个记录中有73个),但发现了明显的水文气候变化的空间异质性,东亚季风和欧洲-环地中海地区的南北偶极子模式,以及北美的东西偶极子模式。这强调了干湿都代表了4.2 ka事件的水文气候特征。此外,本研究还首次评估了4.2 ka事件期间北半球不同区域的水文气候变化强度,该变化强度从欧亚大陆西部到东部减弱。考虑到4.2 ka事件发生后太平洋强迫才发生转移,我们认为该事件最初是由北大西洋强迫引发的,随后太平洋强迫放大了其影响。这两种强迫共同导致了事件期间水文气候变化的显著空间异质性,突出了水文气候变率的一个基本特征。我们的研究结果明显不同于传统的“低纬度干旱”或“全球特大干旱”的观点,强调了水文气候空间异质性在理解其特征、机制及其对文明的影响方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Carbonate polymorph formation in microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP): Influencing factors, mechanisms, and knowledge gaps 微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)中碳酸盐多形态的形成:影响因素、机制和知识空白
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105129
Shiping Wei , Feirong Xiao , Hezheng Dong , Huijia Chen
Microbial mineralization of calcium carbonate is a significant geological and environmental process that provides insights into the evolution of life, ancient environments, and biogeochemical cycling of elements. This manuscript thoroughly examines the factors influencing the formation of different calcium carbonate polymorphs induced by bacteria and their implications in various engineering applications. It distinguishes among three types of microbial mineralization: microbially induced, influenced, and controlled, while outlining the metabolic pathways that facilitate calcium carbonate formation. The roles of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and S-layer proteins in mineral nucleation are also explored. Cultivation conditions, including media composition and the presence of amino acids, significantly impact polymorph selection, while genomic and transcriptomic studies illuminate bacterial mechanisms underlying calcium carbonate precipitation. The manuscript addresses current knowledge gaps and challenges in understanding how bacteria select calcium carbonate polymorphs, highlighting the need for further research on bacterial strain specificity, culture conditions, and the influence of bacterial cell wall composition on polymorph formation. Overall, this manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of bacterial calcium carbonate mineralization, offering valuable insights for both scientific research and engineering applications.
碳酸钙的微生物矿化是一个重要的地质和环境过程,它提供了对生命演化、古环境和元素生物地球化学循环的认识。本文深入研究了影响细菌诱导的不同碳酸钙多晶形成的因素及其在各种工程应用中的意义。它区分了三种类型的微生物矿化:微生物诱导、影响和控制,同时概述了促进碳酸钙形成的代谢途径。探讨了胞外多糖(EPS)和s层蛋白在矿物成核中的作用。培养条件,包括培养基组成和氨基酸的存在,显著影响多态性选择,而基因组和转录组学研究阐明了碳酸钙沉淀的细菌机制。该手稿解决了目前在理解细菌如何选择碳酸钙多晶型方面的知识差距和挑战,强调了对细菌菌株特异性、培养条件和细菌细胞壁组成对多晶型形成的影响进行进一步研究的必要性。总体而言,本文提供了细菌碳酸钙矿化的全面概述,为科学研究和工程应用提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Bangong-Nujiang Neo-Tethyan Ocean (Central Tibet): Geodynamics, Crustal Evolution, Metallogeny, and Linkages to the “Yanshan Movement” 班公-怒江新地层洋(西藏中部):地球动力学、地壳演化、金属成因以及与 "燕山运动 "的联系
IF 10.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105119
Lu-Lu Hao , Wan-Long Hu , Qiang Wang , Andrew C. Kerr , Wei Dan , Xiu-Zheng Zhang , Zong-Yong Yang , Peng Sun
<div><div>The Bangong-Nujiang suture zone (BNSZ) is located in the central Tibetan Plateau and represents the remnants of the Permian-Cretaceous Bangong-Nujiang Neo-Tethyan ocean (BNTO). Reconstructing the BNTO's evolution is crucial for understanding the accretionary history of the constituent blocks of the Tibetan Plateau prior to Cenozoic India-Asia collision. This paper reviews Mesozoic magmatism in the southern Qiangtang block (SQB) (north of the BNSZ) and beyond, as well as ophiolites and oceanic plateau material within the BNSZ, to assess the BNTO's evolution from its opening to closure. Combined with the ∼285 Ma southern Qiangtang-Panjal large igneous province, ∼278 Ma embryonic oceanic crust, and stratigraphy and biotas, we suggest that the BNTO opened during the Early Permian. This opening was the result of the rifting of East Cimmerian continental fragments from Gondwana's northern margin. After the Lhasa block separated from Gondwana, the BNTO was located between SQB to the north and the Lhasa block to the south. The widespread arc-related magmatic rocks in SQB indicate that the BNTO was subducted northwards. The initial subduction of the BNTO likely occurred during the Late Triassic, as strongly evidenced by the Mugagangri Group accretionary wedge. An integrated study of stratigraphy and magmatism suggests that the BNTO probably underwent a diachronous closure: the middle segment may have closed in the Early Cretaceous (133–120 Ma) while the western segment may have closed in the Albian (113–105 Ma). The intra-oceanic subduction and oceanic-continental subduction likely occurred during Early Jurassic. Then the widespread subduction-related ophiolites indicate that a late Early Jurassic (∼177 Ma) collisional orogeny occurred between the oceanic plateau and southern Qiangtang, resulting in intra-oceanic subduction. However, the oceanic plateaus in the BNTO have two contrasting fates: they were either accreted to SQB in the middle segment to clog the oceanic-continental subduction zone, or were subducted beneath SQB in the western segment to induce the 177–169 Ma flat-slab subduction. The 169–145 Ma magmatism and 145–125 Ma magmatic gap in western SQB can be explained by the second subduction of the oceanic plateau or/and ridge subduction. The <125 Ma renewed magmatism may be the result of slab rollback and breakoff.</div><div>This oceanic plateau subduction may contribute to the formation of the Early Cretaceous porphyry Cu deposits in SQB but this requires more research. Finally, we discuss crustal evolution, including crustal recycling through subduction erosion and andesitic crustal growth via partial melting of the subduction channel mélange rocks during the BNTO's evolution. This reconstruction of the BNTO's history provides valuable insights into the amalgamation of the Tibetan Plateau. More broadly, the Late Mesozoic Bangong-Nujiang orogen is an essential component of multi-plate convergence along the continental margin of Ea
班公-怒江缝合带(BNSZ)位于青藏高原中部,是二叠纪-白垩纪班公-怒江新特提斯洋(BNTO)的残余。重建BNTO的演化对于理解新生代印度-亚洲碰撞前青藏高原各组成块体的增生历史具有重要意义。本文通过对羌塘地块南部(北北)及其外中生代岩浆活动、蛇绿岩和海洋高原物质的研究,评价了北北岩体从开合的演化过程。结合~ 285 Ma强塘-潘加勒大火成岩省南部、~ 278 Ma海胚壳、地层和生物区系,认为BNTO在早二叠世开启。这个裂口是东西梅里亚大陆碎片从冈瓦纳大陆北缘崩裂的结果。拉萨地块与冈瓦纳分离后,bbnto位于北部的SQB和南部的拉萨地块之间。南北缘广泛分布的弧相关岩浆岩表明北俯冲构造系向北俯冲。Mugagangri群增生楔的形成有力地证明了BNTO的初始俯冲可能发生在晚三叠世。地层学和岩浆作用的综合研究表明,BNTO可能经历了一次历时性的封闭:中段可能在早白垩世(133-120 Ma)关闭,而西段可能在阿尔比统(113-105 Ma)关闭。早侏罗世可能发生了洋内俯冲和洋陆俯冲。大范围俯冲相关蛇绿岩表明,早侏罗世晚期(~ 177 Ma)海洋高原与羌塘南部之间发生了碰撞造山运动,导致了洋内俯冲。然而,北东统的海洋高原却有两种截然不同的命运:要么在中段被吸积到SQB,堵塞了洋陆俯冲带,要么在西段被俯冲到SQB下,引发了177 ~ 169 Ma的平板俯冲。西段169 ~ 145 Ma岩浆活动和145 ~ 125 Ma岩浆缺口的形成可以用洋高原的第二次俯冲或(或)洋脊俯冲来解释。125 Ma的重新岩浆活动可能是板块回滚和断裂的结果。这种海洋高原俯冲作用可能导致了早白垩世斑岩型铜矿床的形成,但这需要进一步的研究。最后,我们讨论了地壳演化过程,包括俯冲侵蚀过程中的地壳再循环和俯冲通道中部分熔融形成的安山岩型地壳生长。对BNTO历史的重建为青藏高原的融合提供了宝贵的见解。更广泛地说,晚中生代班公-怒江造山带是东亚大陆边缘多板块汇聚的重要组成部分,在著名的“燕山运动”中发挥了重要作用。
{"title":"Bangong-Nujiang Neo-Tethyan Ocean (Central Tibet): Geodynamics, Crustal Evolution, Metallogeny, and Linkages to the “Yanshan Movement”","authors":"Lu-Lu Hao ,&nbsp;Wan-Long Hu ,&nbsp;Qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Andrew C. Kerr ,&nbsp;Wei Dan ,&nbsp;Xiu-Zheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Zong-Yong Yang ,&nbsp;Peng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105119","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Bangong-Nujiang suture zone (BNSZ) is located in the central Tibetan Plateau and represents the remnants of the Permian-Cretaceous Bangong-Nujiang Neo-Tethyan ocean (BNTO). Reconstructing the BNTO's evolution is crucial for understanding the accretionary history of the constituent blocks of the Tibetan Plateau prior to Cenozoic India-Asia collision. This paper reviews Mesozoic magmatism in the southern Qiangtang block (SQB) (north of the BNSZ) and beyond, as well as ophiolites and oceanic plateau material within the BNSZ, to assess the BNTO's evolution from its opening to closure. Combined with the ∼285 Ma southern Qiangtang-Panjal large igneous province, ∼278 Ma embryonic oceanic crust, and stratigraphy and biotas, we suggest that the BNTO opened during the Early Permian. This opening was the result of the rifting of East Cimmerian continental fragments from Gondwana's northern margin. After the Lhasa block separated from Gondwana, the BNTO was located between SQB to the north and the Lhasa block to the south. The widespread arc-related magmatic rocks in SQB indicate that the BNTO was subducted northwards. The initial subduction of the BNTO likely occurred during the Late Triassic, as strongly evidenced by the Mugagangri Group accretionary wedge. An integrated study of stratigraphy and magmatism suggests that the BNTO probably underwent a diachronous closure: the middle segment may have closed in the Early Cretaceous (133–120 Ma) while the western segment may have closed in the Albian (113–105 Ma). The intra-oceanic subduction and oceanic-continental subduction likely occurred during Early Jurassic. Then the widespread subduction-related ophiolites indicate that a late Early Jurassic (∼177 Ma) collisional orogeny occurred between the oceanic plateau and southern Qiangtang, resulting in intra-oceanic subduction. However, the oceanic plateaus in the BNTO have two contrasting fates: they were either accreted to SQB in the middle segment to clog the oceanic-continental subduction zone, or were subducted beneath SQB in the western segment to induce the 177–169 Ma flat-slab subduction. The 169–145 Ma magmatism and 145–125 Ma magmatic gap in western SQB can be explained by the second subduction of the oceanic plateau or/and ridge subduction. The &lt;125 Ma renewed magmatism may be the result of slab rollback and breakoff.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This oceanic plateau subduction may contribute to the formation of the Early Cretaceous porphyry Cu deposits in SQB but this requires more research. Finally, we discuss crustal evolution, including crustal recycling through subduction erosion and andesitic crustal growth via partial melting of the subduction channel mélange rocks during the BNTO's evolution. This reconstruction of the BNTO's history provides valuable insights into the amalgamation of the Tibetan Plateau. More broadly, the Late Mesozoic Bangong-Nujiang orogen is an essential component of multi-plate convergence along the continental margin of Ea","PeriodicalId":11483,"journal":{"name":"Earth-Science Reviews","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 105119"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Earth-Science Reviews
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