Ecological Engineering最新文献_第4页

Global review of eco-engineering research with recommendations for nature positive outcomes in coastal ecosystems 全球生态工程研究综述及其对沿海生态系统自然积极成果的建议

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107855

Ahmed K. Gad , Michael A. Rasheed , Paula J. Cartwright , Nathan J. Waltham

Coastal urbanisation and climate change pressures have intensified interest in eco-engineering solutions to enhance biodiversity and support sustainable coastal development. This study presents a systematic review of applied eco-engineering research conducted exclusively in urbanised seascapes, following PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches in Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest (January 1980 – June 2024) identified 6698 records, of which 128 studies met inclusion criteria. These represented 160 interventions across 26 countries spanning tropical, subtropical, and temperate zones. Interventions were categorised by design type, infrastructure, application phase (retrofit or construction), and target assemblage to evaluate ecological performance relative to unmodified controls. Results show that 143 interventions (89 %) increased species abundance or richness, whereas 17 (11 %) produced neutral or negative effects. Textured panels were most frequently applied (37 %), followed by transplantation (20 %), artificial rockpools (9 %), and pits and grooves (9 %). Simple, low-cost microhabitat additions consistently delivered positive outcomes across climate zones. Yet few studies co-reported asset-relevant engineering metrics along with the ecological part. Persistent research gaps include the absence of baseline data, long-term monitoring, cost-effectiveness assessment, and invasive-species evaluation, together with limited evidence from tropical regions. Findings demonstrate that eco-engineering provides an effective and scalable pathway to improve ecological performance of coastal infrastructure when designs are context-specific, structurally sound, and integrated into planning and retrofitting. Linking biodiversity responses with basic performance and cost information will help translate these ecological successes into widely adoptable, nature-positive coastal development.

沿海城市化和气候变化的压力使人们对生态工程解决方案的兴趣日益浓厚，以增强生物多样性和支持沿海可持续发展。本研究根据PRISMA的指导方针，对专门在城市化海景中进行的应用生态工程研究进行了系统回顾。在Scopus、Web of Science和ProQuest（1980年1月- 2024年6月）中检索到6698条文献，其中128项研究符合纳入标准。这些措施涉及热带、亚热带和温带26个国家的160项干预措施。干预措施按设计类型、基础设施、应用阶段（改造或建设）和目标组合进行分类，以评估相对于未经修改的控制措施的生态绩效。结果表明，143种（89%）干预措施增加了物种丰度或丰富度，17种（11%）干预措施产生了中性或负面影响。最常用的是纹理面板（37%），其次是移植（20%），人工岩池（9%）和坑槽（9%）。简单、低成本的微生境增加在各个气候带都能带来积极的结果。然而，很少有研究将与资产相关的工程指标与生态部分一起报告。持续存在的研究差距包括缺乏基线数据、长期监测、成本效益评估和入侵物种评估，以及来自热带地区的有限证据。研究结果表明，生态工程为改善沿海基础设施的生态性能提供了一条有效且可扩展的途径，前提是设计要符合具体环境、结构合理，并与规划和改造相结合。将生物多样性响应与基本绩效和成本信息联系起来，将有助于将这些生态成功转化为广泛采用的、对自然有利的沿海发展。

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引用次数: 0

Engineered spawning grounds in alpine rivers: Substrate stability is more important than substrate quality 高寒河流的工程产卵场：基质稳定性比基质质量更重要

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107861

Julius Gorenz, Elisabeth Winter, Joachim Pander, Juergen Geist

Management of salmonid spawning grounds in non-natural mountain rivers is challenging due to anthropogenically altered discharge regimes and disturbed sediment transport. This study explored the potential of a cost-effective and easily implementable approach to salmonid spawning ground restoration using autochthonous gravel obtained from sediment trap excavation as spawning substrate. Spawning grounds were constructed in three alpine tributaries of the River Inn and assessed through a combination of abiotic habitat characterization and active bioindication with brown trout and Danube salmon eggs. Ecologically relevant parameters of interstitial water and substrate composition revealed heterogeneity across sites, but remained in suitable conditions throughout the developmental period of eggs. Egg-to-fry survival was often higher than 90 % at all sites, even exceeding the open water and hatchery references. Temperature-corrected larval growth was site-dependent and influenced by incubation environment, with interstitial conditions supporting more efficient energy allocation than turbulent open water settings. As scouring is a known problem in streams with high gradient catchments, we measured substrate stability over the egg and larval development. While substrates for fall-spawning brown trout remained stable, spring trials with Danube salmon revealed substantial loss of incubated eggs due to increased discharge extremes and substrate relocation, underscoring the importance of substrate stability. Our findings highlight the viability of combining spawning ground management and periodic sediment trap excavation, and they stress the importance of timing, flexibility and site-specific measures in high-energy mountain streams.

由于人为改变的排放制度和受干扰的沉积物运输，非自然山区河流中鲑鱼产卵地的管理具有挑战性。本研究探索了一种具有成本效益且易于实施的鲑鱼产卵地恢复方法的潜力，该方法使用从沉积物陷阱挖掘中获得的本地砾石作为产卵基质。在Inn河的三条高山支流中建立了产卵场，并通过结合非生物栖息地特征和活性生物指示对褐鳟和多瑙河鲑鱼卵进行了评估。间质水分和基质组成的生态相关参数在不同地点表现出异质性，但在卵的整个发育过程中都处于适宜状态。在所有地点，卵对苗的存活率通常高于90%，甚至超过了开放水域和孵化场的参考值。温度校正后的幼虫生长受孵育环境的影响，与湍流开放水域相比，间隙条件支持更有效的能量分配。由于冲刷是高梯度集水区溪流中的一个已知问题，我们测量了卵和幼虫发育过程中的基质稳定性。虽然秋季产卵的褐鳟的基质保持稳定，但多瑙河鲑鱼的春季试验显示，由于极端流量增加和基质迁移，孵化的卵大量损失，强调了基质稳定性的重要性。我们的研究结果强调了将产卵地管理与定期沉积物陷阱挖掘相结合的可行性，并强调了在高能量山溪中时机、灵活性和特定地点措施的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Divergent impacts of natural growth and artificial restoration on plant biomass in the Yellow River Basin 黄河流域自然生长与人工恢复对植物生物量的不同影响

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107858

Jinkai Luan , Ning Ma

Vegetation change (VC) plays a crucial role in driving fluctuations in ecosystem biomass. However, VC encompasses either natural growth (NG) or artificial restoration (AR), and the specific effects of these two processes on biomass remain inadequately understood. The present study employed an ecohydrological model to evaluate the impacts of NG and AR on biomass in the Chinese Yellow River Basin (YRB) from 1998 to 2020. The results indicate that, over the past 23 years, NG led to 10.3 g C m⁻² (8.4 %) increase in biomass, while AR resulted in somewhat less increase in biomass with just 6.6 g C m⁻² (5.0 %). Overall, VC contributed to a 13.7 % increase in biomass. In most (84.8 %) regions within the YRB, VC positively contributed to biomass enhancement. The biomass increases attributed to NG mainly occur in the northern and northwestern YRB, encompassing 46.3 % of the total basin area. In contrast, regions where AR dominated biomass accumulation are spatially opposite to those primarily influenced by NG, with mostly being located in the southeastern and western YRB. The biomass responses to VC, NG, and AR exhibited pronounced differences across different ecosystem types. Farmlands experienced the most substantial biomass enhancement, followed by forest and grassland ecosystems, while desert ecosystem was the least affected. These findings suggested that, for the whole YRB, NG is more effective than AR in carbon sequestration. This is especially true for the northern and northwestern YRB where climate is more arid. However, in the southeastern YRB and the margianl area of Tibetan Plateau, AR is fine for the ecosystem health and biomass restoration in the region.

植被变化在生态系统生物量波动中起着至关重要的驱动作用。然而，VC既包括自然生长（NG），也包括人工恢复（AR），这两个过程对生物量的具体影响尚不充分了解。采用生态水文模型，评价了1998 - 2020年中国黄河流域（YRB） NG和AR对生物量的影响。结果表明，在过去的23年中，NG导致生物量增加10.3 g C m−2(8.4%)，而AR导致生物量增加较少，仅增加6.6 g C m−2（5.0%）。总体而言，VC使生物量增加了13.7%。在大部分地区（84.8%），VC对生物量增加有正向贡献。ngg导致的生物量增加主要发生在长三角北部和西北部，占盆地总面积的46.3%。在空间上，AR占主导地位的区域与NG占主导地位的区域相反，主要分布在长江三角洲的东南部和西部。不同生态系统类型对VC、NG和AR的生物量响应存在显著差异。农田生态系统生物量增加最多，其次是森林和草地生态系统，而沙漠生态系统受影响最小。这些发现表明，对于整个YRB， NG比AR在固碳方面更有效。特别是气候较为干旱的长江三角洲北部和西北部地区。

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引用次数: 0

Developing a novel topographic-based precision restoration framework for Drylands Ecosystems 基于地形的旱地生态系统精确恢复框架研究

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107857

Janira Fernandez-Galera , Yolanda Canton , Mariano Moreno-de-las-Heras , Juan Martínez-Sánchez , Sonia Chamizo , Emilio Rodriguez-Caballero

Ecological restoration in drylands can be enhanced by understanding the composition and spatial distribution patterns of natural ecosystems, shaped by landscape geomorphology, species' microhabitat requirements and resource availability. This study aims to develop a precision restoration framework using UAV based data and statistical models, identify suitable microhabitats for native species in degraded areas based on reference ecosystems, and generate suitability and probability maps to guide species reintroduction. We selected an abandoned semi-arid quarry as a case study and identified five native plant species from a nearby natural reference ecosystem to replicate its ecological conditions. High-resolution orthoimages and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were obtained, and topographic attributes were calculated to model species' spatial distribution and topographical suitability. The resulting models were then used to generate suitability and probability maps to apply in a restoration site, revealing that species' spatial distributions are strongly influenced by topographically induced microhabitats, with effects varying among species. The distribution models predicted species presence with AUC values exceeding 0.90, identifying insolation, hillslope position, and runoff-related variables as key drivers of species distribution. This methodology enables more precise and efficient ecological restoration planning in arid zones by optimizing species selection and placement to enhance reintroduction success and survival rates.

了解由景观地貌、物种微生境需求和资源可得性决定的自然生态系统的组成和空间分布格局，可以促进旱地生态恢复。本研究旨在建立基于无人机的数据和统计模型的精确恢复框架，基于参考生态系统确定退化地区本地物种适宜的微生境，并生成适宜性和概率图，以指导物种的再引入。我们选择了一个废弃的半干旱采石场作为案例研究，并从附近的自然参考生态系统中确定了五种本地植物物种来复制其生态条件。获取高分辨率正射影和数字高程模型（dem），计算地形属性，模拟物种的空间分布和地形适宜性。结果表明，物种的空间分布受到地形诱导的微生境的强烈影响，且不同物种之间的影响是不同的。分布模型预测AUC值大于0.90的物种存在，并确定日照、坡位和径流相关变量是物种分布的关键驱动因素。该方法通过优化物种的选择和安置，使干旱区的生态恢复规划更加精确和有效，从而提高了重新引入的成功率和存活率。

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引用次数: 0

No one-size-fits-all. Multicriteria selection of nature-based wastewater treatment solutions across simulated scenarios 没有放之四海而皆准的。跨模拟场景的基于自然的废水处理解决方案的多标准选择

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107859

Josep Pueyo-Ros , Gianluigi Buttiglieri , Joaquim Comas

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are increasingly promoted as sustainable alternatives for wastewater treatment, offering environmental and social co-benefits beyond pollutant removal. However, selecting the most appropriate NBS for a given context remains challenging due to the diversity of available technologies and the complexity of stakeholder priorities. In this study, we used the Nat4Wat decision-support system to simulate 40,000 wastewater treatment scenarios, applying a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) across four water types. We analysed selection patterns, factors limiting solution suitability, and the influence of decision criteria. Results showed that no solution fits all contexts. Some NBS were suitable in only a few contexts, but when applicable, they consistently outperformed other options. Space requirements and capital costs were the most influential criteria, while environmental impact and treatment performance played a smaller role in selection. Notably, 62 % of raw wastewater and 24 % of greywater scenarios had no suitable solution, primarily due to strict nutrient removal requirements. Some NBS consistently underperformed and were never selected. These findings highlight the importance of contextualised planning, the need to address suitability gaps, and the value of structured tools like Nat4Wat for transparent and informed NBS selection.

基于自然的解决方案（NBS）越来越多地被推广为废水处理的可持续替代方案，除了去除污染物外，还提供环境和社会的共同效益。然而，由于可用技术的多样性和利益相关者优先事项的复杂性，为给定环境选择最合适的国家统计局仍然具有挑战性。在本研究中，我们使用Nat4Wat决策支持系统模拟了4万个污水处理场景，并对4种水类型进行了多标准决策分析（MCDA）。我们分析了选择模式、限制解决方案适用性的因素以及决策标准的影响。结果表明，没有解决方案适合所有情况。一些NBS只适用于少数情况，但在适用的情况下，它们的表现始终优于其他选项。空间要求和资本成本是最具影响力的标准，而环境影响和处理性能在选择中发挥的作用较小。值得注意的是，62%的原水和24%的灰水没有合适的解决方案，主要是由于严格的营养去除要求。一些国家统计局一直表现不佳，从未入选。这些发现强调了情境规划的重要性，解决适用性差距的必要性，以及Nat4Wat等结构化工具对透明和知情的国家统计局选择的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Efficacy of an inflow diversion wall for managing eutrophication in two hydrologically connected lakes: A modelling study 流入导流墙对管理两个水文相连湖泊富营养化的功效：模拟研究

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107862

Matthew J. Prentice , Mathew G. Allan , Andy Bruere , Deniz Özkundakci

Managing eutrophication is particularly challenging in lake chains where surface water flows from one lake to another. In such longitudinal surface-water connected systems, nutrient-enriched water from upstream lakes can exacerbate nutrient-related issues in less enriched downstream lakes. Inflow diversion offers a potential management strategy by reducing the transfer of nutrient-enriched waters from upstream to downstream lakes; however, its effectiveness remains unclear. We present a modelling study of two surface-water connected lakes in New Zealand: mesotrophic Lake Rotoiti, which receives water from eutrophic Lake Rotorua, and an in-lake diversion wall in Lake Rotoiti designed to protect its water quality by redirecting Rotorua-derived water to its only outflow. We assessed the wall's effectiveness by calibrating 3D hydrodynamic and hydrodynamic-ecological lake models to simulate the impacts of its hypothetical removal on lake hydrodynamics and water quality, thereby informing management decisions aimed at protecting Lake Rotoiti. Scenario simulations revealed the wall to be effective in reducing the propagation and accumulation of inflow water in the lake and consequently extending the lake's residence time threefold. Simulations also indicated that removal of the wall would lead to moderate and mixed water quality changes, including small increases in total nitrogen and chlorophyll a, and decreases in total phosphorus, even when Lake Rotorua met its water quality targets. From a management perspective, our findings highlight both the challenges and opportunities of managing longitudinal surface-water connected systems. Further, they emphasise the need for coordinated management strategies and aligned water quality targets to achieve optimal management outcomes across such systems.

在地表水从一个湖泊流向另一个湖泊的湖泊链中，管理富营养化尤其具有挑战性。在这种纵向地表水连接系统中，来自上游湖泊的富营养水会加剧下游湖泊富营养水的相关问题。流入分流提供了一种潜在的管理策略，减少了富营养水从上游湖泊向下游湖泊的转移；然而，其有效性尚不清楚。我们对新西兰两个地表水相连的湖泊进行了建模研究：一个是中营养湖泊罗托瓦湖，它从富营养化的罗托瓦湖接收水；另一个是罗托瓦湖的湖内导流墙，旨在通过将罗托瓦湖的水重新导向其唯一的出水口来保护其水质。我们通过校准三维水动力和水动力生态湖泊模型来评估墙的有效性，模拟其假设移除对湖泊水动力和水质的影响，从而为旨在保护罗托伊蒂湖的管理决策提供信息。情景模拟表明，该墙有效地减少了湖中流入水的传播和积聚，从而将湖泊的停留时间延长了三倍。模拟还表明，即使在罗托鲁瓦湖达到其水质目标时，拆除墙也会导致中度和混合的水质变化，包括总氮和叶绿素a的小幅增加，以及总磷的减少。从管理的角度来看，我们的研究结果强调了管理纵向地表水连接系统的挑战和机遇。此外，他们强调需要协调管理战略和一致的水质目标，以在这些系统中实现最佳管理成果。

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引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of hydrological restoration in the mangrove of a coastal lagoon in the Gulf of Mexico 墨西哥湾沿岸泻湖红树林水文恢复的有效性

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107848

Haydée López-Adame , F. Ángel Zaragoza-Méndez , Ana Laura Lara-Domínguez , M. Susana Alvarado-Barrientos , Ismael Mariño-Tapia , Eduardo Sáinz-Hernández , Rosela Pérez-Ceballos , Arturo Zaldívar-Jiménez , Jorge López-Portillo

Mangroves rely on hydrological connectivity driven by tidal dynamics. This connectivity is diminished in degraded mangroves, resulting in physiologically stressful conditions for mangrove vegetation, characterized by high salinity and water stagnation. We evaluated the flooding dynamics of a mangrove associated with a coastal lagoon in the central Gulf of Mexico, using Fourier and continuous wavelet analyses of water level time series during three restoration phases, in degraded, and preserved mangroves. Mangrove degradation was caused by three embankments that obstructed surface water flow, increased interstitial salinity (up to 140 psu), resulted in extensive tree mortality (30 ha), and led to a collapsed soil level (−0.15 m). The first phase (2016 2018) involved the opening and widening of embankment breaches to allow higher surface water flow through the mangrove; however, the salinity remained high (74.5 ± 17.9 psu), and water flow was limited. In the second phase (2019), microtopography was enhanced by digging canals to create preferential flow paths connecting the mudflat (dead mangrove area) with the lagoon, and 750 artificial islets were constructed. Monitoring the restoration outcomes occurred at the third phase (20202021). We observed daily surface water renewal in all three mangrove conditions, driven by diurnal and semidiurnal tides, as well as biweekly renewal associated with spring and neap tides. Additionally, salinity levels were significantly reduced to 36.7 ± 7.06 psu. Another effect of hydrological restoration was the vigorous natural regeneration, high seedling survival, and growth. By the end of 2021, saplings entirely covered the islet surfaces and canal edges.

红树林依赖潮汐动力驱动的水文连通性。这种连通性在退化的红树林中减弱，导致红树林植被的生理压力条件，其特征是高盐度和水停滞。我们利用傅立叶和连续小波分析三个恢复阶段（退化和保存的红树林）的水位时间序列，评估了墨西哥湾中部与沿海泻湖相关的红树林的洪水动态。红树林的退化是由三个堤防造成的，这些堤防阻碍了地表水的流动，增加了间隙盐度（高达140 psu），导致树木大量死亡（30公顷），并导致土壤水位下降（- 0.15 m）。第一阶段（2016年至2018年）涉及开放和拓宽堤防裂口，以允许更高的地表水流过红树林；然而，盐度仍然很高（74.5±17.9 psu），水流受限。在第二阶段（2019年），通过挖掘运河来改善微地形，创造连接泥滩（死红树林区）和泻湖的优先流动路径，并建造750个人工岛屿。监测第三阶段（20202021）的恢复结果。我们观察了在所有三种红树林条件下，由日潮和半日潮驱动的每日地表水更新，以及与春潮和小潮相关的双周更新。此外，盐度水平显著降低至36.7±7.06 psu。水文恢复的另一个效果是自然更新旺盛，幼苗成活率高，生长迅速。到2021年底，树苗完全覆盖了小岛表面和运河边缘。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamics of greenhouse gas emissions and methanogenic communities in sludge treatment wetlands: responses to intermittent loading 污泥处理湿地温室气体排放和产甲烷群落的动态：对间歇负荷的响应

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107852

Junyu Liang , Yubo Cui , Kedong Ma , Xu Ma , Wanjun Zhang , Ruijie Tian , Yang Wang , Hongxuan Qi

Sludge treatment wetlands (STWs) offer a sustainable alternative for sludge management; however, a comprehensive assessment of their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is still required. This study investigated the emissions of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) from three pilot-scale STWs under various seasonal loading cycles. The dynamics of the methanogenic archaeal communities were analyzed. A static transparent chamber was adopted to measure gas emission. The three pilot configurations were an STW1 with PVC vent pipes, an STW2 with PVC vent pipes and reeds, and an STW3 with reeds. Results revealed significant seasonal variations in CH₄ and CO₂ emission rates, with peaks occurring in summer and troughs in winter. During the loading intervals, the CO₂-equivalent emissions (based on CH₄) followed the order: STW3 > STW2 > STW1. The installation of PVC vent pipes in STW2 reduced CH₄ emissions compared to STW3. Leachate chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile solids (VS) content consistently exhibited seasonal trends across all units, with levels descending in the order: spring > winter > autumn > summer. Treatment performance was highest in STW2, followed by STW3 and STW1. STW2 had stronger carbon sequestration capacity than STW3. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that both plant presence and ventilation reduced the richness and diversity of the methanogenic archaeal communities in the lower sludge layer. Methanobacteriaceae, Methanosarcinaceae, and Methanoregulaceae were identified as the dominant methanogenic families.

污泥处理湿地（STWs）为污泥管理提供了可持续的替代方案；然而，仍然需要对其温室气体（GHG）排放进行全面评估。本研究研究了三个中试污水处理厂在不同季节负荷周期下的甲烷（CH4）和二氧化碳（CO2）排放。分析了产甲烷古菌群落的动态。采用静态透明室测量气体排放。三种试验配置分别是带有PVC排气管的STW1、带有PVC排气管和芦苇的STW2和带有芦苇的STW3。结果表明，CH4和CO2排放速率存在显著的季节变化，夏季出现峰值，冬季出现低谷。在加载期间，co2当量排放量（以CH4为单位）顺序为：STW3 >； STW2 > STW1。与STW3相比，STW2安装PVC排气管减少了CH4的排放。各单元的渗滤液化学需氧量（COD）和挥发性固形物（VS）含量均呈现季节性变化趋势，其变化顺序为：春季、冬季、秋季、夏季。处理性能以STW2最高，其次为STW3和STW1。STW2固碳能力强于STW3。16S rRNA基因的高通量测序表明，植物的存在和通风都会降低污泥下层产甲烷古菌群落的丰富度和多样性。产甲烷菌科、产甲烷菌科和产甲烷菌科为优势产甲烷菌科。

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引用次数: 0

Natural wastewater treatment system for a gastronomic tourism business in a flood-prone area: Performance and operational challenges 洪水易发地区美食旅游业务的自然废水处理系统：性能和操作挑战

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107851

Gabriel O. Basílico , Tania Dellepiane , Gabriela Lastra , Sofía Carusso , Laura de Cabo

Treatment wetlands have been studied and applied for decades in different configurations for the purification of many wastewaters; however, their application in natural wetland areas and other potentially floodable zones presents additional challenges. The objective of this work is to evaluate a nature-based treatment system, developed for the purification of wastewater from kitchen and bathrooms generated by a gastronomic tourism venture located in a natural wetland area (lower Paraná River Delta islands, Argentina), with the focus in some relevant physical and chemical water quality variables and operational issues. The hybrid system consists of a series of pretreatments (biodigesters, grease trap), a septic tank (ST), a horizontal subsurface flow wetland (HFW), and a maturation pond (MP). During flood events, the HFW can operate by tidal flow, storing wastewater for later discharge during base flow to prevent surface water pollution by partially treated wastewater. During monitoring period (9 months) the ST and HFW stages allowed for efficient removal of total suspended solids (81 %) and chemical oxygen demand (73 %). A significant reduction (p < 0.05) in anionic surfactants levels was also observed, mainly due to the MP stage. For ammoniacal nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus, and fats, oils and greases, there was a trend to decreasing concentrations toward the final treatment stage, although no significant differences were found between sampling points (p > 0.05). The autochthonous plant species planted in the HFW grew vigorously and without observable signs of phytotoxicity. The operational challenges encountered are discussed, particularly those related to pumping and overall system operation under flooding conditions. Some improvements are proposed to optimize the application of this type of system in other flood-prone areas and to reuse treated water, plant biomass, and nutrients.

几十年来，人们一直在研究和应用不同配置的处理湿地来净化许多废水；然而，它们在自然湿地和其他潜在洪水带的应用面临着额外的挑战。这项工作的目的是评估一种基于自然的处理系统，该系统用于净化位于天然湿地地区（阿根廷帕拉纳河三角洲下游岛屿）的美食旅游企业产生的厨房和浴室废水，重点关注一些相关的物理和化学水质变量和操作问题。该混合系统由一系列预处理（生物沼气池、隔油池）、化粪池（ST）、水平地下流湿地（HFW）和成熟池（MP）组成。在洪水发生时，HFW可以通过潮汐流运行，将废水储存起来，在基流中排放，防止部分处理的废水污染地表水。在监测期间（9个月），ST和HFW阶段可以有效去除总悬浮固体（81%）和化学需氧量（73%）。阴离子表面活性剂水平也显著降低（p < 0.05），主要是由于MP阶段。氨态氮、可溶性活性磷和脂肪、油脂的浓度在最终处理阶段呈下降趋势，但采样点之间无显著差异（p > 0.05）。在HFW中种植的本土植物生长旺盛，没有明显的植物毒性迹象。讨论了所遇到的操作挑战，特别是与泵送和整个系统在洪水条件下的操作有关的挑战。提出了一些改进措施，以优化这类系统在其他洪水易发地区的应用，并重新利用处理过的水、植物生物量和养分。

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引用次数: 0

Root-soil moisture relationships as sustainability indicators for vegetation management: Evidence from Caragana korshinskii in China's Loess Plateau 根-土壤水分关系作为植被管理的可持续性指标：来自黄土高原柠条的证据

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107850

Bing Ma , Yuhong Zhou , Wenhao Chen , Xiao Yu , Xing Wang , Asim Biswas

Effective ecological restoration requires reliable indicators to assess vegetation sustainability in water-limited environments. This study developed and tested novel root-soil moisture indicators using 24-year-old Caragana korshinskii stands in China's Loess Plateau. We quantified root system architecture to unprecedented depths (2380 cm) and established direct relationships between root distribution patterns and soil moisture dynamics as ecological indicators. Our indicator framework revealed three functional zones: a shallow active zone (0–200 cm) containing 61.5 % of root biomass with moderate water depletion, a critical transition zone (200–520 cm) with 27.0 % of roots showing severe desiccation, and a deep extraction zone (520–2380 cm) with sparse roots causing systematic water mining. These patterns translated to measurable ecological indicators: Caragana stands showed 1019 mm less water storage than reference cropland, indicating unsustainable water consumption of 42.5 mm annually beyond precipitation inputs. A controlled replanting experiment demonstrated that these root-soil moisture relationships serve as predictive indicators—newly established plants rapidly developed similar patterns within four years, validating the indicator framework's reliability. The persistent dry layer from 320 to 2160 cm depth emerged as a critical threshold indicator for vegetation sustainability. These findings provide practical ecological indicators for managers: root distribution patterns can predict long-term water sustainability, while soil moisture thresholds can guide restoration decisions. Our indicator approach offers a robust framework for assessing and managing vegetation sustainability in dryland restoration projects worldwide.

有效的生态恢复需要可靠的指标来评估缺水环境下植被的可持续性。本研究以黄土高原24年柠条林分为研究对象，建立了新的根系-土壤水分指标。我们将根系结构量化到前所未有的深度（2380 cm），并建立了根系分布模式与土壤水分动态之间的直接关系作为生态指标。我们的指标框架揭示了三个功能区：一个浅层活动区（0-200 cm），含有61.5%的根系生物量，中度缺水；一个临界过渡区（200-520 cm）， 27.0%的根系严重干燥；一个深层提取区（520-2380 cm），根系稀疏，导致系统性的水开采。这些模式转化为可测量的生态指标：柠条林分的蓄水量比参考农田少1019毫米，表明不可持续的年耗水量超过降水投入42.5毫米。一项对照再植试验表明，这些根-土壤水分关系可作为预测指标——新建立的植物在4年内迅速发展出类似的模式，验证了指标框架的可靠性。320 ~ 2160 cm深度的持续干层是植被可持续性的关键阈值指标。这些发现为管理者提供了实用的生态指标：根系分布模式可以预测长期的水分可持续性，而土壤湿度阈值可以指导恢复决策。我们的指标方法为评估和管理全球旱地恢复项目中的植被可持续性提供了一个强有力的框架。

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引用次数: 0