Ecological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Identifying the impacts of landscape structure on ecosystem services trade-offs among ecosystem services bundles in the mountains of Southwest China","authors":"Weijie Li ,&nbsp;Jinwen Kang ,&nbsp;Yong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental Managers strive to enhance synergistic provisioning of ecosystem services (ESs) by optimizing landscape structure. However, understanding the impact of landscape structure on ESs trade-offs relationships from ESs bundles perspective is inadequate, particularly in distinguishing the relative contributions of landscape compositions and configurations. To fill this gap, taking the Southwest (SW) China as an example, this study quantified five relevant provisioning and regulating services, including grain production (GP), water retention (WR), carbon sequestration (CS), soil retention (SR), and habitat quality (HQ), based on biological models; analyzed the trade-offs/synergies relationships among ESs through Pearson correlation and bivariate spatial autocorrelation; further identified ESs bundles and explored the relationship between ESs trade-offs and landscape structure with the help of self-organizing map (SOM) method and redundancy analysis (RDA). Our results showed land use types influenced the spatial distribution of the five ESs, with the dominant land use in hotspot areas being forest land, and in coldspot areas being farmland and grassland. Four ESs bundles were identified based on spatial differentiation and internal structure characteristics. In the entire SW, the regulating services showed synergistic relationships with each other. However, a few trade-offs existed in different bundles (e.g., WR-CS and WR-SR in bundle 1; GP-HQ and GP-WR in bundle 2; GP-SR in bundle 3; GP-CS in bundles 4). Landscape compositions showed a stronger influence on ESs trade-offs than landscape configuration. The area proportion of woodland contributed the most to ESs in the entire SW and within bundle 1–3, while the area proportion of cultivated land was the main driver of ESs within bundle 4, indicating there was scale dependence in the relationship between landscape composition and ESs. The findings can propose targeted management measures for regional ecosystems to enhance human welfare and achieve regional high-quality development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water and nitrogen coupling regulates the present and future restoration trends under Spartina alterniflora invasion in a coastal salt marsh","authors":"Peng Jia ,&nbsp;Guojuan Qu ,&nbsp;Jing Jia ,&nbsp;Haowen Xu ,&nbsp;Dezhi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global change can easily cause the wetland ecosystem structure and function to be damaged by alien species. Former studies on <em>Spartina alterniflora</em> invasion only focused on the effect of aboveground communities, ignoring the potential regeneration of soil seed banks. Therefore, the study aimed to find the key resources that limit the <em>S. alterniflora</em> invasion and the regulation mechanism for <em>S. alterniflora</em> regeneration. Through investigating the <em>S. alterniflora</em> communities with different invasion stages, we studied the structure and composition of the aboveground communities and the soil seed banks, in response to the soil properties and water and nitrogen addition. The dominant competitive advantage of <em>S. alterniflora</em> was mainly affected by the aboveground biomass, which was regulated by soil NH₄⁺-N and moisture content. Although the richness was same in the soil seed banks under the <em>S. alterniflora</em> communities with different coverage, <em>S. alterniflora</em> seeds maintained its specific competitive dominance. The niche breadth of <em>S. alterniflora</em> and the niche overlap between <em>S. alterniflora</em> and <em>Tripolium pannonicum</em> was the highest under low aboveground coverage. The soil seed bank germination experiments showed that the <em>S. alterniflora</em> density decreased when the soil nitrogen concentration exceeded 1 g/kg, while the density of native species <em>E. crusgalli</em> and <em>T. pannonicum</em> decreased when the water depth above the soil surface exceeded 2 cm. The successful naturalization of <em>S. alterniflora</em> invasion regulated by nitrogen-water coupling is a bet-hedging of the niche and fitness differences between invasive and native species in the coastal salt marsh of eastern China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of inoculation with Bacillus arenosi on physical and biochemical properties of soil, surface runoff and erosion in degraded forestlands of Northern Iran","authors":"Misagh Parhizkar ,&nbsp;Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja ,&nbsp;Demetrio Antonio Zema","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A viable practice to improve key properties of soil, and reduce runoff generation and erosion may be inoculation with selected bacteria. However, no previous studies have evaluated whether the direct inoculation of <em>Bacillus arenosi</em> K64 (hereafter simply indicated as <em>B. arenosi</em>) to soil impacts the main physical and biochemical properties of soil as well as the runoff and erosion rates. This study has measured the infiltration rate (IR), tensile strength (TS), mean weight diameter (MWD), polysaccharides (PS) and important enzymes of soil (β-glucosidase, <em>N</em>-acetyl glucosaminidase, phosphatase and arylsulphatase) in degraded forest soils (Northern Iran) inoculated with <em>B. arenosi</em> in comparison to untreated soils (control). Moreover, the runoff coefficient and soil loss have been measured in plots with soil sampled in those sites under natural rainfalls. IR, TS and MWD increased by 65 % to 160 % in treated soils compared to the control. PS and enzymes were significantly higher (by 20 % to 200 %) after soil inoculation. A noticeable decrease in both surface runoff and soil loss (both by 45 %) in the inoculated soils resulted from those changes. High correlations between the hydrological response of soil on one side, and the measured physical and biochemical variables on the other side were observed. A derivative variable calculated by the Principal Component Analysis can be considered as a meaningful parameter to estimate the changes in soil properties and response due to inoculation with bacteria. Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis clearly discriminated the treated from the untreated soils. This study has demonstrated that soil inoculation with <em>B. arenosi</em> plays a significant role in reducing runoff generation and soil erosion under the experimental conditions, thanks to the general improvement in physical and biochemical properties of soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of changes before and after forest fires with LAI, NDVI and ET time series: Focusing on major forest fires in Korea","authors":"Chulsang Yoo ,&nbsp;Ki-Ho Chang ,&nbsp;Munseok Lee ,&nbsp;Sung-uk Song ,&nbsp;Wooyoung Na ,&nbsp;Jeong-Hyeok Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the changes caused by forest fires and the following recovery processes, targeting four forest fire sites in Korea. The time series of two vegetation indices, leaf area index (LAI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) are investigated along with evapotranspiration (ET) time series for the study objectives. The analysis results show that LAI is most sensitive to burn severity and burned area with its change ranging from 40 % to 70 %, while the changes of NDVI and ET remain 30 % and 20 %, respectively, regardless of forest fire sites. The recovery time from forest fire also varies according to indices: the recovery time is estimated to be about 15 years when considering LAI and NDVI, while just 5 years when considering ET. Overall, LAI seems better to analyze the change in vegetation before and after forest fires. Different vegetation shift patterns after the forest fire are also noticed, mostly from evergreen needleleaf trees to deciduous broadleaf trees. However, it is also found that bad soil fertility condition and artificial afforestation help to maintain the evergreen needleleaf trees after the forest fire.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of carbon and nitrogen removal in a system combining an aerobic trickling filter followed by two stages of vertical flow treatment wetland","authors":"Kevin Maciejewski ,&nbsp;Mathieu Gautier ,&nbsp;Boram Kim ,&nbsp;Philippe Michel ,&nbsp;Pascal Molle ,&nbsp;Remy Gourdon","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Treatment wetland has become a reference in wastewater treatment, particularly for the treatment of domestic or agricultural effluent in rural areas. The AZOE process developed by the company SCIRPE is an optimised system of water treatment based on a conventional two-stage treatment wetlands with vertical hydraulic flow. A trickling filter has been added at the head of the system and filtration stages have been partially saturated to promote anoxic conditions. This study presents the monitoring of a complete pilot-scale AZOE system receiving real and continuous effluents. Effluents from two periods of the year are studied: autumn and spring when the organic load is higher. The performance of each treatment unit, as well as the total treatment unit is presented in this study. The main results show that i) the trickling filter consumes about half of the carbon load whatever the season but that nitrification is lower when the incoming organic load is higher ii) the first stage of filtration contributes a lot to denitrification thanks to the anoxic zones iii) the contribution of the second stage is lower but can increase in case of higher incoming load highlighting a safety role of the treatment. The continuous ammonium and nitrate data at the outlet of the first and second stages show a very characteristic dynamic of this system during the feeding period: a well-defined nitrate peak at the outlet of the first stage which is found on the second stage. The lack of carbon is pointed out as the most limiting factor to denitrification on the second stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire-sensitive and threatened plants in the Upper Paraguay River Basin, Brazil: Identifying priority areas for Integrated Fire Management and ecological restoration","authors":"Paula Isla Martins ,&nbsp;Liz Barreto Coelho Belém ,&nbsp;Luiza Moura Peluso ,&nbsp;Judit Kriszta Szabo ,&nbsp;Weverton Carlos Ferreira Trindade ,&nbsp;Arnildo Pott ,&nbsp;Geraldo Alves Damasceno Junior ,&nbsp;Daniel Jimenez ,&nbsp;Roberta Marques ,&nbsp;A. Townsend Peterson ,&nbsp;Renata Libonati ,&nbsp;Letícia Couto Garcia","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extreme wildfires present an ever-increasing problem in different landscapes around the world. Here, we explore recent wildfires to prioritize recovery efforts and mitigate effects of future wildfires in the Pantanal, the largest continuous wetland in the world. Using ecological niche modeling (ENM), we categorize affected areas based on potential levels of degradation by fire and the predicted suitability for threatened and fire-sensitive plants. Based on this information, we identify key areas for fire prevention. Under land cover change scenarios predicted for 2050, approximately 25 % of the land cover under future threat will have potentially high biomass accumulation. We identified 1272 km² in priority areas with forest formation, with restoration cost of at least US$ 576,189. This case study provides an analysis workflow that can be used to assess other wildfire-threatened parts of the world. These results can inform public policy to establish new fire brigades, conservation efforts using Integrated Fire Management, and restoration areas to mitigate biodiversity loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142318978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riparian restoration in sandy zones with alfalfa as pioneer plant in initial stage of soil and water bioengineering","authors":"Lin Yang ,&nbsp;Lina Cao ,&nbsp;Ting Cao ,&nbsp;Hongyong Xiang ,&nbsp;Chunguang He ,&nbsp;Jia Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Sayramgul Abu Dumusa ,&nbsp;Yu Leng","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As Nature-Based and Bio-based Solutions, soil and water bioengineering (SWB) provides several benefits to humans and nature. It has been widely used for erosion control, vegetation recovery and ecosystem restoration in riparian zones. Nevertheless, studies on riparian restoration in sandy zones with alfalfa as pioneer plant in initial stage of SWB are still rare, which are important for understanding the role of pioneer plants during the initial stage of SWB and also for choice of the appropriate measures. Here, three commonly applied SWB measures (vegetation geobag / VGB, grass-planting concrete block / GCB, and untreated flat area / NTF) are established in sandy riparian zones to explore the growth characteristics structural mechanics and reinforcement of pioneer plant (alfalfa) root, and also the factors influencing biomechanical properties in initial stage of SBE. Our results show that: (1)NTF demonstrated superior overall growth compared to GCB and VGB, underscoring the limitations that geobags and steep slopes impose on initial SWB vegetation establishment. In all treatments, alfalfa roots were able to penetrate soil layers below 60 cm, with NTF exhibiting the highest root biomass and diameter (NTF &gt; GCB &gt; VGB). GCB's higher root-to-shoot ratio may reflect a drought-resistant strategy. In contrast, VGB showed greater root length, maximum rooting depth, and a smaller crown width, indicating a focus on root growth to overcome geobag constraints (2) Differences in root growth distribution among the three treatments resulted in varying biomechanical impacts. Specifically, NTF exhibited significantly lower soil-root bond strength than GCB, while both NTF and GCB had higher maximum pull-out forces compared to VGB. Root diameter showed a significant negative correlation with Young's modulus and root tensile strength, but a positive correlation with root tensile force (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Although no significant correlations were found between root water content and root tensile strength, root tensile strength was positively correlated with Young's modulus. (3) In the comprehensive evaluation of root reinforcement performance, the scores ranked as VGB &gt; GCB &gt; NTF. Result of this study could provide valuable insights into the practical applications of SWB in sandy riparian restoration. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of pioneer plants in the fragile and critical initial stages of SWB, and also benefit both researchers and practitioners in effectively transitioning from the scientific research to practical solutions for riparian restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142315476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of sediment characteristics on vegetation recovery in debris flow fans: A case study of the Ohya Region, Japan","authors":"Saleh Yousefi ,&nbsp;Fumitoshi Imaizumi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>What factors influence natural vegetation recovery in debris flow-prone areas, and how do sediment dynamics play a role? This study investigates these questions in the Ohya debris flow fan, Japan, utilizing various analytical techniques. Through the application of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification, grain size analysis, accuracy assessment, debris flow analysis, and hotspot analysis, this study assess the distribution of sediments, vegetation classes, and the extent of debris flow events. The findings shed light on the dynamics of vegetation recovery and its relationship with sediment dynamic. The SVM classification outcomes reveal distinct trends in sediment and vegetation distribution along the flow path, particularly noting a significant decrease in vegetation cover from upstream to downstream sections. By employing SVM classification, this study successfully identified 3,282,910 sediment particles and determined their average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation grain sizes as 7.3 cm, 0.27 cm, 415 cm, and 9.18, respectively. Accuracy assessments of image classification and grain size measurements demonstrate high levels of accuracy, with an overall classification accuracy of 98.82 % and a kappa coefficient of 0.977. Validation of grain size measurements reveals a strong correlation (R² = 0.997 and y = 1.005× + 0.0661) between field-observed sediment sizes and sizes derived from classified images. Debris flow analysis reveals that the total area affected by debris flow in 2022 was 36,232.7 square meters, decreasing to 14,213.9 square meters in 2023. Hotspot analysis identifies regions of both high and low sediment size concentrations, providing valuable insights into sediment distribution patterns. Examining the natural recovery of vegetation, present study identifies vegetation spots across different study sections. Results show that 55 % of naturally recovering vegetation areas are located in regions unaffected by debris flow events between 2022 and 2023. Among the study sections, the area affected by debris flow in 2023 exhibits the lowest density of vegetation spots. Overall, this study highlights the new generation vegetation recovery and its association with sediment dynamic in the Ohya debris flow fan. The findings contribute valuable insights for understanding natural recovery processes in highly dynamic sedimentation areas, informing the development of effective strategies for ecosystem restoration and management in debris flow-prone regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of terracing with Platycladus orientalis plantations on water budget in the dryland of Loess Plateau in China","authors":"Yue Huang ,&nbsp;Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Shengnan Chen ,&nbsp;Liding Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terracing engineering and vegetation plantation have been implemented in many water-limited areas, aiming to reduce the effect of drought, conserve water, and promote ecosystem restoration. However, due to the complexities of slope structure, the major hydrologic processes controlling the water balance of terraces are still unclear. To further quantify the role of terraces on water retention in the stand scale, in a normal year (2015) and a dry year (2016), we compared the water balance for the combination of <em>Platycladus orientalis</em> with zig terrace (PZ), fish scale pits (PF), and natural slope (PN) in a typical loess hilly area of China. Our results indicated that terracing was an effective way to increase water retention and reduce runoff. After the growing season, compared with PN, terraced fields enhanced the water budget with 13.6–21.3 mm for PZ and 2.4–11.7 mm for PF. In addition, terraced fields generated less runoff (a reduction of 45.3–60.8 % for PZ and 19.6–26.6 % for PF) and more soil water storage (an increase of 18.5–24.1 % for PZ and 13.6–14.7 % for PF) than the natural slope. Overall, the water budget of all plots was positive (29.6 mm for PZ &gt; 20.0 mm for PF &gt; 8.3 mm for PN) in the normal year (2015) and negative (−49.6 mm for PZ &gt; −60.8 mm for PF &gt; −63.2 mm for PN) in the dry year (2016). Our results suggest that precipitation is still the primary factor affecting the water budget in woodlands, and terracing measures can help to improve the utilization of precipitation and enhance soil water retention in the Loess Plateau.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case history of co-design and co-deployment of a nature-based solution (NbS) against erosion and slope instability","authors":"S.B. Mickovski ,&nbsp;A. Gonzalez-Ollauri ,&nbsp;A. Sorolla ,&nbsp;A. Löchner ,&nbsp;R. Emmanuel","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nature-based solutions (NbS) are increasingly seen as the most sustainable option for addressing climate change challenges such as erosion and landslides. Live slope grid is a NbS used for protection and mitigation of shallow landslides and erosion; it involves a timber grid construction which covers the slope at risk of landslide/erosion with live vegetation planted within the cells of the grid which stabilises the uppermost soil horizons. Live cribwall is another NbS used for retention of unstable soil mass. Vegetation is planted and grows in between the cribwall layers and it anchors the wall to the soil behind while, at the same time, strengthening the backfill. The aim of this case history is to detail the co-design and co-deployment of a live slope grid installed above a live cribwall on a coastal slope in Scotland. The design and construction process is detailed over the range of project stages and will outline stakeholder engagement during this process. Because the NbS structures failed during this process and repair work had to be carried out, this study focuses on sharing the ‘lessons learned’ from the design and construction processes over a timeline of several years. The climate change effects leading to failure of the structure as well as the reactions of the stakeholders are highlighted in this case study in order to help practitioners and other stakeholders in managing similar projects within the framework of sustainability and resilience, especially when the funding is limited. The main conclusions from this study are justification of the urgent need for standardising the design and construction of NbS for slope protection as well as the importance of upskilling and training of the relevant stakeholders in order to incorporate the peculiarities of designing and constructing with vegetation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}