Ecological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Ecological impact of single and semi-contiguous artificial rockpool installations on the assemblages and species richness of vertical seawalls","authors":"Roger J.H. Herbert ,&nbsp;Jessica R. Bone ,&nbsp;Alice E. Hall ,&nbsp;Stephen J. Hawkins ,&nbsp;Rick Stafford","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Local improvements to species diversity through the creation of microhabitat features have been adopted as an approach for “Greening Grey Infrastructure” (GGI) in urbanised coastal ecosystems. To confidently implement these enhancements asset managers and engineers need quantitative information on the value of different feature types, densities, and configurations. We compared the biodiversity benefits of horizontal arrays of semi-contiguous 3 and 5 artificial rockpools with single isolated rockpool units and unenhanced sections of seawall. Rockpools were fixed within seawall sections 2 m wide at Mean High Water Neap Tide Level. At low tide, biota was monitored inside the pools, on the side of the pool units, the sea wall adjacent to the rockpools and in sea wall zones above and below the pools. After 36 months, species richness (all zones combined) of seawall sections with five rockpools was up to four times greater than controls and included protected and non-indigenous species. Increased richness was attributable to a higher density of rockpools and not rockpool contiguity. Grazers attracted to areas between and above rockpools modified assemblages that may limit persistence of algae. At one site, recovery of brown algae following disturbance during rockpool installation remained incomplete after 36 months. Benefits of arrays of semi-contiguous pools remain unclear, and deployment of individual rockpools (or similar enhancements) over a larger habitat area, that experience a wider range of conditions, may be at least as valuable. Quantifying species richness per unit size/ area of structure should assist managers and the development of metrics designed to measure ecological benefits in GGI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 107432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of gabions as an eco-engineering approach to enhance estuarine fish habitats in urbanised waterways","authors":"J.L. Seath ,&nbsp;L.B. Firth ,&nbsp;P.W. Froneman ,&nbsp;L. Claassens","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anthropogenic activities are often concentrated around coastal ecosystems. Harbours and marinas comprising artificial structures with steeper orientations and reduced topographic complexities than natural ecosystems contribute to habitat alteration and biodiversity loss. Ecological engineering aims to mitigate these impacts by integrating ecological principles into coastal development to enhance habitat potential and improve biodiversity. This study investigated the potential of gabions (rock-filled wire mesh baskets) to enhance fish abundance and biodiversity by comparing these structures to conventional seawalls in an urbanised marina in Knysna, South Africa. Remote underwater video systems were used to determine fish diversity, abundance and composition over a 12-month period from August 2020 to August 2021. Overall, a significantly greater abundance and diversity of fish were associated with gabions compared to seawalls. Importantly, the gabions supported an endangered species, the Knysna seahorse (<em>Hippocampus capensis</em>), and two near threatened species recorded only on the gabions. This study highlights the efficacy of using structurally complex gabions as a viable ecoengineering alternative to less complex seawalls to enhance fish habitat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 107431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on classification of vegetation zones based on flow regimes in Riparian wetlands","authors":"Hoyong Lee ,&nbsp;Soojun Kim ,&nbsp;Jaewon Kwak ,&nbsp;Junhyeong Lee ,&nbsp;Hung Soo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wetlands play an important role in cycling water resources, organic matter, water purification, and ecosystem conservation. Understanding flow regimes is essential for effective wetland management because it significantly influences wetland succession and circulation. This study aims to develop a methodology for quantifying flow regimes of the Jangdan Wetland (Imjin River) and the Binae Wetland (Namhan River). The study utilized water level duration curve (LDC) based on historical water level data from 2008 to 2023 for the Binae Wetland and from 2003 to 2023 for the Jangdan Wetland to analyze hydrological flow regimes. Flow regime diagrams describing the inundation characteristics over time, were then constructed using the LDC and the digital elevation models (DEM) of the wetlands. To understand the relationship between vegetation communities and hydrologic regime in the wetland, this study classified nine vegetation zones based on the tolerance of associated plant species to inundation (in weeks or months) reported for plant species in previous studies. The study revealed that the Jangdan Wetland were dry primarily on most days but experienced complete inundation during flooding events. In contrast, the Binae Wetlands were found to be frequently inundated, with approximately 40 % of the area experiencing regular flooding, while 20 % of the higher elevation areas were only inundated once every few years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 107429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Riparian vegetation surveys for roughness estimation” [Ecological Engineering volume 209 (December 2024) 107414]","authors":"A. Signorile,&nbsp;R. Saracino,&nbsp;A. Dani,&nbsp;M. Rillo Migliorini Giovannini,&nbsp;F. Preti","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107428","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydromechanical behaviour of a slope reinforced by grass roots under rainfall conditions","authors":"Gayuh Aji Prasetyaningtiyas ,&nbsp;Viroon Kamchoom ,&nbsp;Anthony Kwan Leung ,&nbsp;Suched Likitlersuang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil bioengineering using vegetation has been considered an environmentally friendly solution to improve slope stability. Although several studies have demonstrated the contribution of vegetation to slope stability, a gap in understanding the mechanisms of grass root–soil interactions under rainfall conditions remains. This study investigates the effects of the roots of vetiver grass (<em>Chrysopogon zizanioides</em>) on the hydromechanical behaviour of an unsaturated soil slope using the centrifuge modelling technique. The changes in pore water pressure and slope deformation were monitored during the test. The monitored data were subsequently back-analysed and interpreted using seepage–stability analyses. In addition, this study focused on evaluating the effect of roots on slope stability, considering safety and pore water pressure during rainfall. Results revealed that the vetiver roots remarkably affected the initial suction of the slope by increasing the soil's air-entry value. The increased suction and the additional cohesion provided by the roots enhanced slope stability under rainfall conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entrance geometries of closed-conduit fishways to attract juvenile fishes","authors":"Maryam Farzadkhoo ,&nbsp;Darren Jadraque ,&nbsp;Richard T. Kingsford ,&nbsp;Iain M. Suthers ,&nbsp;Stefan Felder","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fishway effectiveness relies on successful fish attraction and entry, yet limited research has explored the impact of entrance design on fish attraction. This study addresses this knowledge gap by evaluating different entrance geometries, water velocity, and related characteristics of flow for attracting Australian native fishes into closed conduit fishways. Novel laboratory experiments combined detailed hydrodynamic measurements of the velocity fields with live fish experiments, using silver perch (<em>Bidyanus bidyanus</em>) and Australian bass (<em>Percalates novemaculeata</em>). Four entry geometries comprising a circular entrance (FO), a slotted entrance (slot), a semi-circular entrance (SC), and a submerged quarter circle (QC) were tested. Three attraction velocity configurations of (i) <em>V</em>_<em>a</em> = 0 m/s, (ii) constant velocity (<em>V</em>_<em>a</em> = 0.15 m/s at the entrance for each of the entrance geometries); and (iii) constant momentum flux (0.12 <em>N</em> for each entrance geometry) was examined at a water depth of <em>d</em> = 0.18 m. There were distinct differences in the attraction flow patterns between entrance geometries. The strongest turbulent kinetic energy (<em>TKE</em>) values were found near the channel bed at <em>Z</em> = 0.1 <em>d,</em> with <em>TKE</em> significantly reduced by up to 60 % in the upper layer (<em>Z</em> = 0.7 <em>d</em>). The swimming trajectories for silver perch and Australian bass varied with different entrance geometries<em>.</em> While in the SC entrance, most silver perch used the jet sidewall, for the QC entrance, silver perch displayed a preference for swimming along the middle of the channel and along the non-jet sidewall, suggesting that the flow submergence for the QC entrance may have affected fish response. The presence of silver perch and Australian bass in the entrance tube clearly suggests that they can be attracted to diverse geometries without exhibiting a distinct preference for particular combinations of entrance geometries and velocities. <em>TKE</em> values &lt;160 cm²/s² were recommended for attracting juvenile silver perch and Australian bass with longer residence time in the entrance tube.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142437953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effect of local characteristics on environmental impacts of Constructed Wetlands by regionalized life cycle assessment","authors":"Lineker Max Goulart Coelho","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The goal of this paper is to assess the effect of regional characteristics on the environmental sustainability of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands using comparative regionalized Life Cycle Assessment. Regionalizaton was implemented in terms of input and outputs values, as well as considering impact assessment methods that consider regional aspects to estimate the environmental impact results. A case study for a Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands treating municipal wastewater was assumed, and the system was assessed considering the installation of the constructed wetland in 5 different countries with distinct characteristics in terms of technologies, geographic location, climate conditions and electricity mix. The comparative life cycle assessment results showed important variations among the countries, which highlights the importance of taking into account a regionalized approach in order to assess the local specificities properly. An average relative standard deviation of 59 % for all regionalized impact categories was identified when comparing the LCA for the case study for different countries. So, the study successfully showed the importance of regionalization in constructed wetlands assignments and provided relevant recommendations for system enhancements in order to reduce environmental impact according to regional characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142437954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of perfluoroalkyl substances and their environmental impact in sequencing batch reactors combined with nature-based solutions","authors":"Grażyna Gałęzowska ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kołecka ,&nbsp;Monika Cieszyńska-Semenowicz ,&nbsp;Vladyslaw Redko ,&nbsp;Magdalena Gajewska","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a growing problem in the environment. The research indicates that they are present in surface water, groundwater, drinking water sources, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents, and landfill leachates. Additionally, the conventional methods of wastewater treatment are ineffective in their removal.</div><div>This study aimed to indicate the concentration of PFAS in wastewater during treatment processes in sequential biological reactors (SBRs), followed by two ponds working in series. Samples were collected after individual stages of treatment, during the beginning of touristic seasonality. The research also determined the environmental impact of the PFAS by determining the ecotoxicity and performing a risk assessment of the analyzed wastewater.</div><div>The analyzed wastewater samples were collected from the different stages of the WWTP in Swarzewo, which uses SBRs. In the collected samples, basic parameters such as total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD₅), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), as well as identification and concentrations of PFAS were determined. Based on this data, an ecotoxicological assessment and risk assessment of the wastewater was performed.</div><div>The research indicated that the basic parameters and Microtox toxicity assay are not sensitive to changes in the PFAS content in wastewater. As the hydrophobicity of the PFAS increases, their solubility in the water decreases. However, these substances may still be present in suspended particles, leading to an increase in their global concentration in the water and, consequently, may pose environmental hazards. The proposed technology of wastewater treatment is an effective PFAS retention system in the sediment (removal of over 90 %). Meteorological conditions affect the PFAS transformation processes taking place in SBRs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of grasses in the Mpumalanga coalfields region and assessment of their suitability to increase the pH of acid mine drainage, for potential use in passive acid mine drainage remediation systems","authors":"Janet Smith ,&nbsp;Craig Sheridan ,&nbsp;Lizelle van Dyk ,&nbsp;Kevin G. Harding","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grass samples collected from various locations in the Mpumalanga coalfields region, (South Africa), were classified and characterised using various analytical techniques to determine their physical and chemical composition. The suitability of the grasses for use in acid mine drainage (AMD) remediation was evaluated by adding a defined portion of these grasses to both synthetically prepared and real AMD collected from an AMD received dam (RD) source in the Mpumalanga coalfields region, (South Africa). This was to establish whether the grass addition was able to achieve an increase in pH, and if the effect was more notable for a particular grass type. Results showed that grass addition to AMD resulted in an increase in pH (or decrease in the hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration of synthetically prepared AMD. The addition of different grass types produced varying results, and the <em>Hyparrhenia hirta</em> (G12 and G13) and <em>Chrysopogon zizanioides</em> (G15) formally known as <em>Vetiveria zinanioldes</em> grass types produced a greater overall percentage decrease in H⁺ concentration. Multiple grass additions sustained the overall high percentage decrease in H⁺ concentration for the best-performing grass types and improved the overall percentage decrease in H⁺ concentration of the more poorly performing <em>Eragrostis curvula</em> (G6), and <em>Hyparrhenia filipendula</em> (G5) grass types tested in synthetic AMD. The notable changes observed in cation and anion concentrations of the grass samples after contact with AMD would suggest that a cation-anion exchange reaction did occur. An exchange of the H⁺ ions in the AMD and the inorganic cations (M⁺) associated with anions present in the grass, could be responsible for the increase in pH observed in synthetic AMD after grass addition. The addition of grass to the RD AMD did not achieve any significant or sustained decrease in H⁺ concentration, which could be attributed to the more complex matrix and higher mineral acidity of the RD AMD which would require alternate experimental conditions to achieve a decrease in H⁺ concentration. Variances in structural and physical composition between the different grass types were not consistent, and it was not possible to attribute the decrease in H⁺ concentration in AMD to any compositional parameter. Using locally sourced lignocellulosic materials in passive remediation systems is vital to the successful design of a cost-effective and sustainable, remediation system. This work is important as it explores the suitability of grass types that are readily available from the immediate vicinity of the Mpumalanga coalfields, South Africa to increase the pH of contacted AMD at ambient temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riparian vegetation surveys for roughness estimation","authors":"A. Signorile,&nbsp;R. Saracino,&nbsp;A. Dani,&nbsp;M. Rillo Migliorini Giovannini,&nbsp;F. Preti","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vegetation growth along rivers may have effects on water resistance and velocity distribution. Roughness evaluation is crucial in constructing river stage-discharge curves, due to its great importance in river management and risk assessment. Usually, land managers mechanically remove vegetation to increase flow conveyance and reduce flooding risk, with negative effects on the riverine ecosystem and hydraulic risk downstream.</div><div>The study aims to implement a useful methodology for management planning along vegetated riparian zones through the development evaluation of both unmanaged and anthropically disturbed riparian ecosystems, using tree stands quantitative parameters required to estimate roughness caused by riparian vegetation.</div><div>For each watercourse, it was also possible to evaluate the equivalent roughness dependent on river morphology and the effective flow resistance over time.</div><div>The outputs of vegetation parameters analysis also may provide practical support in gentle maintenance interventions of Tuscan watercourses planning, to ensure positive effects both on water flow and on riverine ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11490,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}