Ecological Engineering最新文献_第7页

Efficacy of an inflow diversion wall for managing eutrophication in two hydrologically connected lakes: A modelling study 流入导流墙对管理两个水文相连湖泊富营养化的功效：模拟研究

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107862

Matthew J. Prentice , Mathew G. Allan , Andy Bruere , Deniz Özkundakci

Managing eutrophication is particularly challenging in lake chains where surface water flows from one lake to another. In such longitudinal surface-water connected systems, nutrient-enriched water from upstream lakes can exacerbate nutrient-related issues in less enriched downstream lakes. Inflow diversion offers a potential management strategy by reducing the transfer of nutrient-enriched waters from upstream to downstream lakes; however, its effectiveness remains unclear. We present a modelling study of two surface-water connected lakes in New Zealand: mesotrophic Lake Rotoiti, which receives water from eutrophic Lake Rotorua, and an in-lake diversion wall in Lake Rotoiti designed to protect its water quality by redirecting Rotorua-derived water to its only outflow. We assessed the wall's effectiveness by calibrating 3D hydrodynamic and hydrodynamic-ecological lake models to simulate the impacts of its hypothetical removal on lake hydrodynamics and water quality, thereby informing management decisions aimed at protecting Lake Rotoiti. Scenario simulations revealed the wall to be effective in reducing the propagation and accumulation of inflow water in the lake and consequently extending the lake's residence time threefold. Simulations also indicated that removal of the wall would lead to moderate and mixed water quality changes, including small increases in total nitrogen and chlorophyll a, and decreases in total phosphorus, even when Lake Rotorua met its water quality targets. From a management perspective, our findings highlight both the challenges and opportunities of managing longitudinal surface-water connected systems. Further, they emphasise the need for coordinated management strategies and aligned water quality targets to achieve optimal management outcomes across such systems.

在地表水从一个湖泊流向另一个湖泊的湖泊链中，管理富营养化尤其具有挑战性。在这种纵向地表水连接系统中，来自上游湖泊的富营养水会加剧下游湖泊富营养水的相关问题。流入分流提供了一种潜在的管理策略，减少了富营养水从上游湖泊向下游湖泊的转移；然而，其有效性尚不清楚。我们对新西兰两个地表水相连的湖泊进行了建模研究：一个是中营养湖泊罗托瓦湖，它从富营养化的罗托瓦湖接收水；另一个是罗托瓦湖的湖内导流墙，旨在通过将罗托瓦湖的水重新导向其唯一的出水口来保护其水质。我们通过校准三维水动力和水动力生态湖泊模型来评估墙的有效性，模拟其假设移除对湖泊水动力和水质的影响，从而为旨在保护罗托伊蒂湖的管理决策提供信息。情景模拟表明，该墙有效地减少了湖中流入水的传播和积聚，从而将湖泊的停留时间延长了三倍。模拟还表明，即使在罗托鲁瓦湖达到其水质目标时，拆除墙也会导致中度和混合的水质变化，包括总氮和叶绿素a的小幅增加，以及总磷的减少。从管理的角度来看，我们的研究结果强调了管理纵向地表水连接系统的挑战和机遇。此外，他们强调需要协调管理战略和一致的水质目标，以在这些系统中实现最佳管理成果。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of mixed Robinia-Pinus plantations enhance soil carbon sequestration and microbial functional potential in a 32-year-old reclaimed coal mine 红松混交林对32年复垦煤矿土壤固碳和微生物功能潜力的增效作用

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107837

Ye Yuan , Qian Li , Yuan Yuan , Jiayu Zhao , Rongxin Yang , Yuqing Yang , Yichao Wu

The selection of optimal afforestation models is critical for restoring soil functions in degraded mine lands, yet the long-term microbial mechanisms driving these processes remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the effects of five different forest restoration models on soil carbon (C) sequestration, mineralization, and the underlying microbial functional gene potential after 32 years of development at the Pingshuo opencast coal mine, a major mine on the eastern Loess Plateau, China. We compared pure stands of Ulmus pumila L. (UP), Pinus tabuliformis C. (PT), and Robinia pseudoacacia L. (RP), alongside a mixed broadleaf (Robinia-Ulmus-Ailanthus altissima S., M-B) and a mixed conifer-broadleaf (Robinia-Pinus, M-CB) stand. Soil physicochemical properties, C mineralization potential, enzyme activities, and the abundance of C and nitrogen (N) cycling functional genes were systematically analyzed. Our results showed that the mixed M-CB stand was the most successful model, exhibiting significantly higher soil organic C, total N, and microbial biomass C and N compared to all other models. Intriguingly, this C-rich stand also displayed the highest potential C mineralization rates and enzyme activities (β-1,4-glucosidase, Alkaline phosphatase), supporting a “high-input, high-turnover” ecosystem dynamic. High-throughput qPCR analysis provided a direct mechanistic link, revealing that the M-CB soil harbored the greatest abundance of genes for both C degradation (e.g., starch, lignin breakdown) and C sequestration. The abundance of these C-degrading genes was strongly and positively correlated with measured C mineralization rates. Overall, this research provides a gene-level mechanistic basis for understanding how plant-plant interactions shape belowground biogeochemical processes and we conclude that the synergistic effects within the Robinia-Pinus stand accelerate the restoration of a functionally active and C-rich soil system.

选择最佳造林模式对于恢复退化矿区土壤功能至关重要，但驱动这些过程的长期微生物机制仍然知之甚少。以黄土高原东部平朔露天煤矿为研究对象，研究了5种不同森林恢复模式对32年开发后土壤碳(C)固存、矿化和潜在微生物功能基因潜力的影响。我们比较了纯榆林（UP）、油松林（PT）和刺槐林（RP），以及混合阔叶林（M-B）和针叶-阔叶林（M-CB）。系统分析了土壤理化性质、碳矿化潜力、酶活性以及碳氮循环功能基因丰度。结果表明：M-CB混交林模式最成功，土壤有机碳、全氮、微生物生物量C和N显著高于其他模式。有趣的是，这个富含C的林分也显示出最高的潜在C矿化率和酶活性（β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶，碱性磷酸酶），支持“高投入，高周转”的生态系统动态。高通量qPCR分析提供了直接的机制联系，揭示M-CB土壤具有最丰富的碳降解（如淀粉，木质素分解）和碳固存的基因。这些C降解基因的丰度与测量的C矿化率呈显著正相关。总的来说，本研究为理解植物-植物相互作用如何影响地下生物地球化学过程提供了基因水平的机制基础，我们得出结论，刺槐-松林内的协同效应加速了功能活跃和富含碳的土壤系统的恢复。

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引用次数: 0

Growing moss on bioreceptive concrete using a novel two-step approach: The effects of light, water, and species selection 利用一种新的两步方法在生物可接受混凝土上生长苔藓：光、水和物种选择的影响

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107839

M. Veeger, M. Ottelé, H.M. Jonkers

Bioreceptive concrete supports biological growth on its surface, but natural colonisation takes years, and indoor cultivation followed by outdoor translocation often results in poor long-term survival. This research aimed to develop a method for rapidly establishing a moss layer on bioreceptive concrete while ensuring long-term persistence and survival. The developed method comprised a two-step approach. First is the rapid establishment of moss on bioreceptive concrete indoors. Then, it is hardened and translocated outdoors. Findings indicate that the most effective method for growing moss on concrete indoors is to grow them at low light intensity (70 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ full-spectrum), while watering daily for the first six weeks. Subsequently, watering can be gradually reduced to once every 4 days, inducingdrought hardening. This resulted in significant coverage and growth for both acrocarp (M_coverage = 15.1 %; M_growth = 11.2 mm) and pleurocarp species (M_coverage = 51.7 %; M_growth = 15.5 mm). Finally, after outdoor translocation, the moss should be covered with a light-blocking cloth for a 3-month period to allow for adaptation to UV and high light intensity conditions. When applying this method to moss species (mixtures), it was found that T. muralis showed slow indoor growth but the best adaptation to outdoor conditions on both north- and south-facing surfaces. Contrarily, both P. capillare and B. rutabulum displayed faster growth under indoor conditions but showed poor surface adhesion when translocated outdoors, which can, in some cases, be improved by using species mixtures. This research is a first step towards identifying the factors influencing moss growth and survival on bioreceptive concrete in the built environment.

生物接受性混凝土在其表面支持生物生长，但自然定植需要数年时间，室内培养后再进行室外迁移往往导致长期生存能力差。本研究旨在开发一种快速建立苔藓层的方法，同时确保生物接受混凝土的长期持久性和存活率。所开发的方法包括两步方法。首先是苔藓在室内可接受生物的混凝土上迅速生长。然后，它被硬化并转移到户外。结果表明，在室内低光照条件下（70 μmol m−2 s−1全光谱）生长苔藓最有效，前6周每天浇水。随后，浇水可以逐渐减少到每4天一次，导致干旱硬化。这导致草鱼（m盖度= 15.1%,Mgrowth = 11.2 mm）和胸膜鱼（m盖度= 51.7%,Mgrowth = 15.5 mm）的盖度和生长都很显著。最后，在室外迁移后，苔藓应该用遮光布覆盖3个月，以便适应紫外线和高光强条件。将该方法应用于苔藓种类（混合）时，发现无论在南北两面，壁画螟都表现出室内生长缓慢，但对室外条件的适应性最好。相反，毛毛假单胞菌和rutabulum在室内条件下均表现出较快的生长速度，但在室外迁移时，表面附着力较差，在某些情况下，可以通过物种混合来改善。本研究是确定建筑环境中影响苔藓生长和生存的因素的第一步。

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引用次数: 0

Addressing risks to bioretention performance: The potential for pollutant leaching and groundwater interactions to overshadow design features 解决生物保持性能的风险：污染物淋滤和地下水相互作用的潜在影响掩盖了设计特征

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107841

R. Andrew Tirpak , Claire Weldon , Jay D. Dorsey , Kathleen M. Fast , Haley Jenkins , Jennifer Grieser , Ryan J. Winston

Bioretention cells are a popular approach to manage urban runoff, yet few studies have compared the role of plant selection and design features on performance in systems treating similar catchments. Four bioretention cells with varied planting palettes and loading ratios (i.e., ratio of drainage area to cell surface area) treating runoff from a 1.3 ha parking lot in Cleveland, Ohio, USA were monitored for 11 months following construction. While mean concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) were effectively reduced (by 50–83 %), elevated nutrient (i.e., N and P) concentrations were often observed in the effluent, indicative of leaching of organics from compost in the bioretention media. While concentrations of most metals were reduced or unchanged from relatively low concentrations in influent runoff, higher concentrations of metals known to associate with organic material (e.g., Cu) in the effluent from all cells supported this hypothesis. No significant seasonal differences in runoff reduction performance for any of the bioretention cells were observed, suggesting that volume reduction via evapotranspiration was far exceeded by exfiltration from the oversized cells. While runoff volumes were substantially reduced by three bioretention cells, effluent volumes exceeded influent runoff at the fourth, lowest-lying cell (Tree cell). Suspected interactions with the local groundwater table were confirmed through field assessment of the soil profile after the completion of the study, where redoximorphic features were observed immediately below the underdrain. Findings highlight the trends in bioretention performance after construction until readily leachable material has been washed from the media layer, the critical importance of material sourcing for bioretention media blends, and the implications of groundwater interactions on bioretention function and ultimately receiving waters.

生物保留细胞是管理城市径流的一种流行方法，但很少有研究比较植物选择和设计特征在处理类似集水区系统中的作用。在美国俄亥俄州克利夫兰的一个1.3公顷的停车场，对四个具有不同种植面板和负载比（即排水面积与细胞表面积的比例）的生物保留细胞进行了11个月的监测。虽然总悬浮固体（TSS）的平均浓度有效地降低了（降低了50 - 83%），但在流出物中经常观察到营养物质（即氮和磷）浓度升高，这表明生物滞留介质中堆肥中的有机物浸出。虽然大多数金属的浓度与流入径流中相对较低的浓度相比有所降低或保持不变，但所有细胞流出物中已知与有机物质（例如铜）相关的较高浓度的金属支持了这一假设。任何生物保留细胞的径流减少性能都没有明显的季节性差异，这表明通过蒸散发的体积减少远远超过了超大细胞的渗漏。虽然三个生物滞留池大大减少了径流量，但在第四个最低的池（树池），流出水量超过了流入径流量。在研究完成后，通过对土壤剖面的实地评估，确认了与当地地下水位的可疑相互作用，在地下排水口下方观察到氧化肟质特征。研究结果强调了施工后生物滞留性能的趋势，直到易浸出的材料被从介质层中冲洗出来，生物滞留介质混合物的材料来源至关重要，地下水相互作用对生物滞留功能和最终接收水的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to ‘Dynamics of soil reinforcement by roots in a regenerating coppice stand of Quercus serrata and effects on slope stability’ [Ecological Engineering, 162 (2021) 106169] “栎树再生林分根系加固土壤的动态及其对边坡稳定性的影响”[生态工程，162 (2021)106169]

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107838

Keitaro Yamase , Chikage Todo , Nobuyuki Torii , Toko Tanikawa , Tomonori Yamamoto , Hidetoshi Ikeno , Mizue Ohashi , Masako Dannoura , Yasuhiro Hirano

引用次数: 0

Assessment and remediation model of eco-geo-environmental conditions in arid limestone mining areas 干旱石灰岩矿区生态地质环境条件评价与修复模式

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107791

Siyuan Cao , Ying Yuan , Wensong Zhang , Miao Zhang , Aihong Zhou , Ningbo Han , Miren Rong

This study addresses the complexity and regional challenges of eco-geo-environmental assessment and remediation in arid limestone mining areas by proposing an innovative modular model that integrates the three-scale analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy mathematics, variable weight theory, literature review, and expert consultation. The model achieves precise classification of mining eco-geo-environmental quality through dynamic weight adjustment and multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and designs corresponding remediation strategies based on assessment results. We have innovatively established a multi-level evaluation system comprising three primary indicators (mining ecological environment, geological environment, and disaster environment) and 21 sub-indicators, effectively resolving the adaptability limitations of traditional fixed-weight models. By determining initial weights through three-scale analytic hierarchy process and dynamically adjusting them using variable weight theory, the model significantly enhances evaluation accuracy and flexibility. The model's effectiveness was validated through a case study of the Tianjingshan open-pit limestone mining area in Zhongwei City, Ningxia. Results demonstrate high consistency between model assessments and field investigations, and the proposed integrated remediation strategy (“geological hazard elimination + soil reconstruction + vegetation restoration + artificial maintenance”) achieved a vegetation survival rate exceeding 96 %, representing approximately 20 % improvement over traditional soil replacement methods (simple topsoil covering). Through its modular design and hierarchical remediation approach, this model provides a replicable technical pathway for ecological restoration in arid limestone mines and other mining types, demonstrating significant scientific value and practical applicability.

本研究针对干旱石灰岩矿区生态地质环境评价与修复的复杂性和区域挑战，提出了一种创新的模块化模型，将三尺度层次分析法、模糊数学、变权理论、文献综述和专家咨询相结合。该模型通过动态权值调整和多级模糊综合评价实现矿山生态地质环境质量的精确分级，并根据评价结果设计相应的修复策略。创新建立了由矿山生态环境、地质环境、灾害环境三个主指标和21个子指标组成的多层次评价体系，有效解决了传统定权模型的适应性局限性。通过三尺度层次分析法确定初始权值，并利用变权值理论对初始权值进行动态调整，显著提高了评价的准确性和灵活性。以宁夏中卫市天景山露天石灰石矿区为例，验证了该模型的有效性。结果表明，模型评价与实地调查结果具有较高的一致性，提出的综合修复策略（“消除地质灾害+土壤重建+植被恢复+人工维持”）的植被成活率超过96%，比传统的土壤替代方法（简单的表土覆盖）提高了约20%。该模型通过模块化设计和分层修复方式，为干旱石灰岩矿山及其他采矿类型的生态修复提供了可复制的技术路径，具有重要的科学价值和实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Boreal peatland forestry dominated catchment iron leaching and the possibilities for mitigating it 北方泥炭地林业主导了集水区铁浸出和缓解它的可能性

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107849

Elina Niemelä , Petra Korhonen , Hannu Marttila , Markus Saari , Katri Kattilakoski , Heini Postila

Iron (Fe) concentrations in boreal surface waters have increased since the 1990s. This phenomenon is driven by land use, particularly in black schist, acid sulfate soil and peatland areas. This increase has impaired water quality. We developed a catchment scale approach to improve identification of areas where Fe leaching occurs. High-resolution surface runoff modelling combined with spatial sampling proved to be a good method for identifying the main Fe leaching areas. In the Jäälinjärvi catchment, Finland, spatial analysis showed that Fe leaching is linked to peatland drainage and black schist zones. Undrained peatlands areas had measurably smaller concentrations, indicating their potential to buffer Fe leaching. We also assessed Fe retention efficiency in various nature-based water treatment solutions (constructed wetland (CW), settling basin (SB), vortex settling basin (VSB) and wood bundles (WB)) and examined how water properties influence Fe processes. Fe retention was generally weak. Only 3.5 ha SB showed significant removal (total 14 %, dissolved 33 %). Weak Fe removal may be due to short retention and contact time in water treatment solutions as most Fe was in a dissolved form. Additionally, water chemistry can have a major impact in sites with a low pH (5.90–6.16), which inhibits Fe oxidation. Low redox potential (ORP < 100 mV) indicated a possible microbial reduction of Fe(III). Current water treatment solutions offer limited Fe retention under low-pH and humus-rich conditions, which highlights the importance of preventing iron leaching by minimizing land use activities such as peatland drainage.

自20世纪90年代以来，北方地表水中的铁（Fe）浓度有所增加。这种现象是由土地利用驱动的，特别是在黑片岩、酸性硫酸盐土壤和泥炭地地区。这种增长损害了水质。我们开发了一个集水区规模的方法，以提高识别区域的铁浸出发生。高分辨率地表径流模拟与空间采样相结合是确定主要铁浸出区域的好方法。在芬兰Jäälinjärvi流域，空间分析表明，铁浸出与泥炭地排水和黑片岩带有关。未排水的泥炭地地区的浓度明显较低，表明它们有缓冲铁浸出的潜力。我们还评估了各种基于自然的水处理方案（人工湿地（CW），沉降池（SB），涡沉降池（VSB）和木捆（WB））中的铁保留效率，并研究了水性质如何影响铁过程。铁的保留力一般较弱。只有3.5 ha的SB有显著的去除率（总计14%，溶解33%）。弱铁去除可能是由于在水处理溶液中停留和接触时间短，因为大多数铁以溶解形式存在。此外，在pH值较低（5.90-6.16）的环境中，水化学会对铁的氧化产生重要影响。低氧化还原电位（ORP < 100 mV）表明微生物可能还原Fe（III）。目前的水处理方案在低ph值和富含腐殖质的条件下只能保留有限的铁，这突出了通过减少泥炭地排水等土地利用活动来防止铁浸出的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

From degradation to restoration: Soil, biotic changes, and monitoring models in the Atlantic Forest over 17 years 从退化到恢复：17年来大西洋森林的土壤、生物变化和监测模型

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107811

Fernanda Cristina Aguiar Mendonça , Robério Anastácio Ferreira , Maria Fernanda Oliveira Torres , Airon José da Silva , André César Pinheiro , Renata Silva-Mann

Long-term ecological restoration requires integrative, indicator-based approaches to evaluate ecosystem trajectories and guide adaptive management. This study presents a 17-year monitoring effort in a 46-ha Atlantic Forest restoration site in northeastern Brazil, combining biotic (vegetation structure and diversity), soil (soil fertility and organic matter), and remote sensing (NDVI, GPP, NPP) data. Central to this research is the development of a novel, quantitative Restoration Success Index (R), which integrates normalized indicators from three ecological dimensions—vegetation, soil, and biodiversity—weighted by ecological relevance. The model enables a multidimensional and scalable assessment of restoration progress across space and time. Field data revealed notable increases in aboveground biomass (62.49 t ha⁻¹), carbon stock (24.89 t ha⁻¹), and soil potassium levels, indicating convergence with reference ecosystem conditions. While organic matter and species richness remained below target levels, the cumulative index (Rt) captured a positive restoration trajectory. Principal Component Analysis identified vegetation metrics as the main drivers of recovery, while geospatial analyses detected disturbances and supported landscape-scale monitoring. This study offers a replicable framework to quantify tropical forest restoration, underscoring the importance of integrating soil and biodiversity indicators—often overlooked in restoration assessments. The model supports evidence-based decision-making for enhancing ecological resilience and long-term sustainability.

长期生态恢复需要综合的、基于指标的方法来评估生态系统轨迹并指导适应性管理。本研究结合生物（植被结构和多样性）、土壤（土壤肥力和有机质）和遥感（NDVI、GPP、NPP）数据，对巴西东北部一个46公顷的大西洋森林恢复点进行了17年的监测。本研究的核心是开发一种新的定量恢复成功指数(R)，该指数综合了三个生态维度（植被、土壤和生物多样性）的标准化指标，并按生态相关性加权。该模型能够跨空间和时间对恢复进度进行多维和可扩展的评估。野外数据显示，地上生物量（62.49 t ha−1）、碳储量（24.89 t ha−1）和土壤钾水平显著增加，表明与参考生态系统条件趋同。虽然有机质和物种丰富度仍低于目标水平，但累积指数（Rt）呈现出积极的恢复轨迹。主成分分析确定植被指标是恢复的主要驱动因素，而地理空间分析发现了干扰并支持景观尺度监测。这项研究为量化热带森林恢复提供了一个可复制的框架，强调了在恢复评估中经常被忽视的整合土壤和生物多样性指标的重要性。该模型支持基于证据的决策，以增强生态恢复力和长期可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Landscape patterns indicate reduced forest fragmentation in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area following the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Program 景观格局表明，丹江口库区天然林保护工程实施后，森林破碎化程度有所降低

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107814

Zhiwen Yuan , Shili Meng , Tao Yu , Xiaodong Niu , Yong Pang

The Natural Forest Protection Program (NFPP) is the largest forest restoration program for protecting natural forests in China. The Danjiangkou Reservoir Area (DRA) offers a good opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of the NFPP program due to its unique implementation timeline and location characteristics. While most regions initiated the NFPP in 2000, the DRA began implementation in 2011. Its proximity to both early NFPP and non-NFPP regions provides a comparative framework for assessing the program's impacts on forest landscapes. This study employed dynamic landscape patterns analysis to compare the protection effects of forest resources both within and outside the NFPP areas, as well as before and after the NFPP implementation. Among the identified landscape categories, the core class represents large forest patches with high landscape connectivity. From 2000 to 2020, the area of core forests increased by 5.01 % of the total landscape area in NFPP-I (areas that initiated the NFPP in 2000) and by 7.65 % in NFPP-II (areas that initiated the NFPP in 2011), whereas the increase was only 0.73 % in non-NFPP (areas without NFPP implementation). Meanwhile, the net growth rate of core areas in the NFPP-II rose sharply from 0.92 % of the total landscape area before the implementation of the NFPP to 13.6 % after its implementation. These findings further demonstrate the positive role of the NFPP in reducing forest fragmentation. Moreover, landscape category transitions show consistent patterns, with the islet category being prone to forest loss, whereas other categories, such as bridge, are more likely to be converted into core areas. To halt forest ecosystem degradation, we recommend implementing measures to reduce the fragmentation of plantation forests and promoting a transition to more stable landscape types. This study provides a scientific basis for comprehensively promoting the protection and restoration of forests and the sustainable development of forest resources.

天然林保护工程是中国最大的天然林恢复工程。丹江口库区由于其独特的实施时间和区位特征，为评估NFPP项目的有效性提供了一个很好的机会。虽然大多数地区在2000年就启动了NFPP，但DRA在2011年才开始实施。它靠近早期森林保护计划和非森林保护计划地区，为评估该计划对森林景观的影响提供了一个比较框架。本研究采用动态景观格局分析的方法，比较了保护区内外、保护区实施前后的森林资源保护效果。在已识别的景观类别中，核心类代表景观连通性高的大型森林斑块。从2000年到2020年，国家森林保护计划ⅰ（2000年启动国家森林保护计划的地区）和国家森林保护计划ⅱ（2011年启动国家森林保护计划的地区）的核心森林面积分别增加了5.01%和7.65%，而非国家森林保护计划ⅰ（未实施国家森林保护计划的地区）的核心森林面积仅增加了0.73%。同时，核心区占景观总面积的净增长率从实施前的0.92%急剧上升至实施后的13.6%。这些发现进一步证明了NFPP在减少森林破碎化方面的积极作用。此外，景观类别的转变呈现出一致的模式，岛屿类别容易发生森林损失，而其他类别，如桥梁，更有可能转变为核心区。为了阻止森林生态系统的退化，我们建议采取措施减少人工林的破碎化，并促进向更稳定的景观类型过渡。本研究为全面推进森林保护与恢复、森林资源可持续发展提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Flow-driven regulation of phosphorus retention and release in artificial ditch mesocosm 人工沟渠生态系统磷保留与释放的流动驱动调控

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107856

Jiahui Xu , Mengqi Li , Hao Chen , Yongqiu Xia , Xiaohan Li , Weihua Su , Shenqiang Wang , Yu Wang

Ditches function as vital biogeochemical buffers that mediate phosphorus (P) transport from agricultural landscapes to downstream water bodies. However, their capacity to retain or release P is highly sensitive to hydrodynamic forces, particularly flow velocity. In this study, we employed a controlled ditch mesocosm to investigate the effects of contrasting flow velocities (V3: 3 cm s⁻¹; V10: 10 cm s⁻¹) on P dynamics. Total P (TP) concentrations in the water column declined under both treatments, with the maximum TP removal rate reaching 209 μmol P m⁻² h⁻¹ at 12 h under V3, compared to 184 μmol P m⁻² h⁻¹ under V10. Particulate P (PP) behavior exhibited flow-dependence: sedimentation dominated under V3, while V10 induced sediment resuspension and elevated PP concentrations. High flow conditions also stimulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and microbial diversity in suspended particulate matter (SPM), accelerating organic P (OP) mineralization. Diffusive P flux across the sediment–water interface was significantly greater under V10 (0.58 pg s⁻¹ cm⁻²) than V3 (0.38 pg s⁻¹ cm⁻²), driven by shear stress and redox fluctuations. Sediment-derived P resuspension increased nearly ninefold under V10 (7.54 mg m⁻² h⁻¹) relative to V3 (0.88 mg m⁻² h⁻¹). These findings demonstrate that flow velocity governs the balance between P retention and release through interacting physical and microbial processes, offering new insight into the design and management of ecologically engineered ditch systems.

沟渠作为重要的生物地球化学缓冲区，调节磷从农业景观向下游水体的运输。然而，它们保留或释放P的能力对水动力，特别是流速非常敏感。在这项研究中，我们采用了一个受控的沟渠中观来研究不同流速（V3: 3 cm s - 1; V10: 10 cm s - 1）对P动力学的影响。两种处理下水柱中总磷（TP）浓度均有所下降，V3处理下12 h的TP去除率最高可达209 μmol P m−2 h−1，而V10处理下最高可达184 μmol P m−2 h−1。颗粒P （PP）的行为表现出流动依赖性：V3条件下以沉降为主，而V10诱导沉积物再悬浮和PP浓度升高。高流量条件还刺激了悬浮颗粒物（SPM）中的碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性和微生物多样性，加速了有机磷（OP）的矿化。在剪切应力和氧化还原波动的驱动下，V10条件下通过沉积物-水界面的扩散P通量（0.58 pg s−1 cm−2）明显大于V3条件下（0.38 pg s−1 cm−2）。相对于V3 (0.88 mg m−2 h−1)，V10下沉积物衍生的磷再悬浮增加了近9倍（7.54 mg m−2 h−1）。这些发现表明，水流速度通过相互作用的物理和微生物过程来控制磷的保留和释放之间的平衡，为生态工程沟渠系统的设计和管理提供了新的见解。

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