Ecological Engineering最新文献_第9页

Microbial-assisted corn residue return as a sustainable strategy for soil structural and nutrient enhancement 微生物辅助玉米秸秆还田是提高土壤结构和养分的可持续策略

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107825

Xuejie Ma , Zhihong Yu , Qiang Su , Wenhang Liu

This study investigated the effects of various corn stover management strategies on soil mechanical and physicochemical properties. Six treatments were established: natural residue decomposition (NRD), chopped residue incorporation (CRI), chopped residue with microbial inoculant (CRMI), composted residue incorporation (CRC), composted residue with microbial inoculant (CRMC), and a no-residue control (CK). Soil properties—including shear strength, compactness, saturated water content, geometric mean diameter, erodibility factor, pH, and the content of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter—were assessed using one-way ANOVA, PCA, Mantel tests, and Random Forest models. The results revealed that the application of chopped stover and microbial inoculants significantly enhanced both the mechanical and physicochemical properties of the soil. Specifically, treatments involving composting (CRC and CRMC) yielded the most substantial improvements in shear strength, compactness, and OM content. PCA confirmed a distinct separation of the CRC and CRMC treatments, underscoring their profound impact on soil characteristics. Furthermore, the Random Forest analysis identified OM as the single most critical factor driving soil quality improvement. The Mantel test indicated strong correlations between shear strength, geometric mean diameter, and organic matter. We conclude that the incorporation of microbially-inoculated composted stover represents a highly effective strategy for improving soil health in arid agricultural systems. This approach provides a practical pathway for sustainable soil management and contributes valuable insights for the efficient utilization of agricultural residues in support of a green agricultural transition.

研究了不同玉米秸秆管理方式对土壤理化性质的影响。建立了6个处理：自然残渣分解（NRD）、切碎残渣掺入（CRI）、切碎残渣掺加微生物接种剂（CRMI）、堆肥残渣掺入（CRC）、堆肥残渣掺加微生物接种剂（CRMC）和无残渣对照（CK）。土壤特性——包括抗剪强度、密实度、饱和含水量、几何平均直径、可蚀性因子、pH值以及有效氮、磷、钾和有机质的含量——采用单因素方差分析、主成分分析、曼特尔检验和随机森林模型进行评估。结果表明，秸秆和微生物接种剂的施用显著提高了土壤的力学和理化性质。具体来说，堆肥处理（CRC和CRMC）在抗剪强度、密实度和OM含量方面产生了最显著的改善。主成分分析证实了CRC和CRMC处理之间的明显分离，强调了它们对土壤特征的深刻影响。此外，随机森林分析表明，有机质是推动土壤质量改善的最关键因素。Mantel试验表明抗剪强度、几何平均直径和有机质之间存在很强的相关性。我们得出结论，微生物接种堆肥秸秆的掺入是改善干旱农业系统土壤健康的一种非常有效的策略。该方法为可持续土壤管理提供了切实可行的途径，并为有效利用农业残留物以支持绿色农业转型提供了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Coupling hydrology and vegetation management: Evidence that annual harvesting curtails greenhouse gases and nutrient release in a reservoir drawdown zone 水文和植被管理的耦合：年度采收减少水库下降区温室气体和养分释放的证据

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107824

Xingchen Liu , Xiaobo Liu , Dayu Zhu , Wei Huang , Jinhui Wang , Zhuowei Wang , Weiqiao Liu , Minhui Xia , Huaidong Zhou , Leixiang Wu

Seasonally exposed shorelines of China's Three Gorges Reservoir host dense vegetation stands that accumulate nutrients and emit greenhouse gases (GHGs). This study tested whether an annual, zone-wide plant biomass removal could simultaneously reduce GHG emissions and prevent nutrient mobilization from soils into adjacent waters. We hypothesized that removing aboveground vegetation prior to re-inundation would reduce methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) fluxes without significantly elevating soil or water nutrient levels. Across upstream, mid-reservoir, and downstream reaches, we monitored soil chemistry, near-shore water quality, and surface fluxes of CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O for four weeks following plant biomass removal. Harvesting reduced median soil CH₄ emissions by 67 %, CO₂ emissions by 40 %, and N₂O emissions by approximately 20 %, resulting in a total net benefit of 0.8 kg CO₂ equivalents per square meter. Key soil nutrients including total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), Olsen-extractable phosphorus (Olsen-P), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃-N), as well as eleven monitored water-quality indicators, showed no statistically significant changes, indicating minimal nutrient mobilization. Mean standing biomass (652 ± 239 g m⁻²) contained 16.2 g nitrogen per kilogram and 4.2 g phosphorus per kilogram. Scaled to the 284.65 km² drawdown zone, an annual harvest could remove approximately 3.0 kt of nitrogen and 0.8 kt of phosphorus, comparable to inputs from several tributaries. Mechanized vegetation harvesting therefore provides a feasible management practice offering both climate and water quality benefits for the Three Gorges Reservoir.

三峡水库岸线季节性暴露，植被密集，积累养分，排放温室气体（ghg）。本研究测试了每年一次的全区域植物生物量去除是否可以同时减少温室气体排放并防止养分从土壤转移到邻近水域。我们假设在再次淹没之前移除地上植被会减少甲烷（CH₄）、二氧化碳（CO₂）和一氧化二氮（N₂O）通量，而不会显著提高土壤或水的营养水平。在去除植物生物量后的四周内，我们监测了水库上游、中游和下游的土壤化学、近岸水质以及CH₄、CO₂和N₂O的表面通量。收获减少了土壤中位数氯化铵排放量67%，二氧化碳排放量40%，氮排放量约20%，导致每平方米总净效益为0.8千克二氧化碳当量。包括全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）、奥尔森可萃取磷（Olsen-P）、铵态氮（NH₄-N）和硝态氮（NO₃-N）在内的关键土壤养分，以及11项监测的水质指标，没有统计学上的显著变化，表明养分动员最小。平均直立生物量（652±239 g m−2）每公斤含16.2 g氮和4.2 g磷。按比例计算，在284.65平方公里的下降区，每年的收获可以去除约3.0 kt的氮和0.8 kt的磷，与几条支流的投入相当。因此，机械化植被采收为三峡水库提供了一种既能带来气候效益又能带来水质效益的可行管理方法。

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引用次数: 0

Drivers of constructed wetland pollutant removal efficiency in China revisited by incorporating the impact of aridity – A meta-analysis 基于干旱影响的中国人工湿地污染物去除效率驱动因素分析

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107822

Lannan Huang , Mengting Yi , Pan Yang , Ting Fong May Chui , Qian Tan

A systematic analysis of the factors influencing the pollutant removal efficiency in constructed wetlands (CWs) through meta-analysis is crucial for effective CW design and evaluation. Previous meta-analyses have consistently identified design and operational variables as the dominant factors, and the impacts of climate conditions have often been considered relatively low. In this study, we revisit the drivers of CW performance by introducing the aridity index (AI) as a new indicator of climate conditions in the meta-analysis. The analysis is based on 139 cases across China, and the results reveal that the pollutant removal efficiency of CWs in China is primarily influenced by AI, hydraulic retention time (HRT), and wetland area, alongside other factors with relatively low impacts. The removal rates of COD, NH₄⁺-N, TN, and TP were all significantly higher in arid and semi-arid regions than in dry sub-humid and humid regions. Multiple regression analysis identifies AI, HRT, and wetland area as the most significant factors affecting CW pollutant removal efficiencies. Further structural equation modeling reveals that aridity has the greatest impact on individual and paired pollutant removals, followed by wetland area, HRT, temperature, and precipitation. These findings provide new insights into the impact of climate variables on CW pollutant removal, offering valuable guidance for the design and operation of CW, an increasingly critical environmental infrastructure for advancing multiple sustainable development goals.

通过荟萃分析系统分析人工湿地污染物去除效率的影响因素是有效设计和评价人工湿地的关键。以往的荟萃分析一致认为设计和操作变量是主要因素，而气候条件的影响通常被认为相对较低。在本研究中，我们通过在荟萃分析中引入干旱指数（AI）作为气候条件的新指标，重新审视了CW绩效的驱动因素。基于全国139个案例的分析结果表明，中国化粪池的污染物去除效率主要受人工智能、水力停留时间（HRT）和湿地面积的影响，以及其他影响相对较小的因素。干旱区和半干旱区对COD、NH4+-N、TN和TP的去除率均显著高于干湿半湿润区和湿润区。多元回归分析表明，人工智能、HRT和湿地面积是影响连续水体污染物去除效率的最显著因素。进一步的结构方程模型显示，干旱对单个和成对污染物去除的影响最大，其次是湿地面积、HRT、温度和降水。这些研究结果为气候变量对连续水污染物去除的影响提供了新的见解，为连续水的设计和运行提供了有价值的指导，这是一个越来越重要的环境基础设施，以推进多个可持续发展目标。

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引用次数: 0

Regional soil characteristics of young bioretention facility in China: Evidence-based guidelines for LID design and maintenance 中国年轻生物滞留设施的区域土壤特征：LID设计和维护的循证指南

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107823

Yifan Yang , Xiang Zhang , Zhou Guo , Joseph Smith , Xia Jin , Yuhong Li , Ryan Winston

Bioretention facilities (BRFs) are critical components of Sponge City initiatives in China, yet their performance is highly influenced by regional soil characteristics and temporal pedogenic processes. This study systematically analyzed 61 young BRFs (2–66 months old) across 14 cities in China, representing seven distinct topographic regions. Soil properties, including particle size distribution and organic matter content (OM%), were evaluated at different depths (0–30 cm) and locations —specifically the forebay (inflow section where runoff initially enters and sediments accumulate) and the center (central bioretention media zone representing the primary filtration area) to assess spatiotemporal variations. Results revealed significant regional differences in soil composition, with sandy loam dominating high-rainfall areas (e.g., Southern China) and silty loam prevalent in alluvial plains (e.g., Huang-Huai-Hai Plain). Temporal analysis identified four operational phases—Early Deployment (ED), Performance Optimization (PO), Maintenance-Required (MR), and Aging Infrastructure (AI)—each exhibiting unique soil evolution patterns. Fine particle accumulation increased with system age, particularly in surface layers (0–10 cm), while OM% varied regionally, peaking in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (9.10–12.77 %) and declining in the Loess Plateau (1.55–2.24 %). These findings underscore the need for region-specific BRF designs and age-dependent maintenance strategies to optimize hydrological performance and pollutant removal. The study provides evidence-based guidelines for adapting BRF construction and upkeep to China's diverse environmental conditions, supporting sustainable urban stormwater management.

生物滞留设施是中国海绵城市建设的重要组成部分，但其性能受到区域土壤特征和时间成土过程的高度影响。本研究系统分析了中国14个城市的61个年轻brf（2-66个月大），代表了7个不同的地形区域。土壤性质，包括粒度分布和有机质含量（OM%），在不同深度（0-30 cm）和位置进行评估，特别是前湾（径流最初进入和沉积物积聚的流入部分）和中心（代表主要过滤区域的中央生物滞留介质区），以评估时空变化。结果表明，土壤组成存在显著的区域差异，高降雨量地区（如华南）以沙质壤土为主，冲积平原（如黄淮海平原）以粉质壤土为主。时间分析确定了四个操作阶段——早期部署（ED）、性能优化（PO）、所需维护（MR）和老化基础设施（AI）——每个阶段都表现出独特的土壤演变模式。细颗粒累积量随系统年龄的增长而增加，特别是在表层（0 ~ 10 cm），而OM%的区域差异较大，在云贵高原达到峰值（9.10 ~ 12.77%），在黄土高原下降（1.55 ~ 2.24%）。这些发现强调了针对特定区域的BRF设计和基于年龄的维护策略的必要性，以优化水文性能和污染物去除。该研究为BRF的建设和维护适应中国多样化的环境条件提供了循证指导，支持可持续的城市雨水管理。

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引用次数: 0

From degradation to restoration: Soil, biotic changes, and monitoring models in the Atlantic Forest over 17 years 从退化到恢复：17年来大西洋森林的土壤、生物变化和监测模型

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107811

Fernanda Cristina Aguiar Mendonça , Robério Anastácio Ferreira , Maria Fernanda Oliveira Torres , Airon José da Silva , André César Pinheiro , Renata Silva-Mann

Long-term ecological restoration requires integrative, indicator-based approaches to evaluate ecosystem trajectories and guide adaptive management. This study presents a 17-year monitoring effort in a 46-ha Atlantic Forest restoration site in northeastern Brazil, combining biotic (vegetation structure and diversity), soil (soil fertility and organic matter), and remote sensing (NDVI, GPP, NPP) data. Central to this research is the development of a novel, quantitative Restoration Success Index (R), which integrates normalized indicators from three ecological dimensions—vegetation, soil, and biodiversity—weighted by ecological relevance. The model enables a multidimensional and scalable assessment of restoration progress across space and time. Field data revealed notable increases in aboveground biomass (62.49 t ha⁻¹), carbon stock (24.89 t ha⁻¹), and soil potassium levels, indicating convergence with reference ecosystem conditions. While organic matter and species richness remained below target levels, the cumulative index (Rt) captured a positive restoration trajectory. Principal Component Analysis identified vegetation metrics as the main drivers of recovery, while geospatial analyses detected disturbances and supported landscape-scale monitoring. This study offers a replicable framework to quantify tropical forest restoration, underscoring the importance of integrating soil and biodiversity indicators—often overlooked in restoration assessments. The model supports evidence-based decision-making for enhancing ecological resilience and long-term sustainability.

长期生态恢复需要综合的、基于指标的方法来评估生态系统轨迹并指导适应性管理。本研究结合生物（植被结构和多样性）、土壤（土壤肥力和有机质）和遥感（NDVI、GPP、NPP）数据，对巴西东北部一个46公顷的大西洋森林恢复点进行了17年的监测。本研究的核心是开发一种新的定量恢复成功指数(R)，该指数综合了三个生态维度（植被、土壤和生物多样性）的标准化指标，并按生态相关性加权。该模型能够跨空间和时间对恢复进度进行多维和可扩展的评估。野外数据显示，地上生物量（62.49 t ha−1）、碳储量（24.89 t ha−1）和土壤钾水平显著增加，表明与参考生态系统条件趋同。虽然有机质和物种丰富度仍低于目标水平，但累积指数（Rt）呈现出积极的恢复轨迹。主成分分析确定植被指标是恢复的主要驱动因素，而地理空间分析发现了干扰并支持景观尺度监测。这项研究为量化热带森林恢复提供了一个可复制的框架，强调了在恢复评估中经常被忽视的整合土壤和生物多样性指标的重要性。该模型支持基于证据的决策，以增强生态恢复力和长期可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

A decision support tool for determination of stormwater wetland and bioretention system suitability in coastal South Carolina 南卡罗来纳沿海地区雨水湿地和生物滞留系统适宜性的决策支持工具

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107820

Dhanuska B. Wijesinghe , Daniel R. Hitchcock , Dara M. Park , David L. White , Anand D. Jayakaran , William Bridges

Vegetative based stormwater control measures (VB-SCMs) attempt to maintain natural hydrologic conditions in urban development. The suitability for two VB-SCMs in Coastal SC (Georgetown, Horry, Charleston, and Beaufort Counties) were investigated: retention-based stormwater wetlands and infiltration based bioretention systems. Two GIS based models (weighted linear combination (WLC), and spatial query (SQ) were developed and compared for determining the suitability of the two VB-SCMs. Although both models identified a very low percentage of areas suitable for either VB-SCMs, the SQ model identified less suitable sites than the WLC. The more stringent criteria and smaller footprint needed for bioretention systems than for stormwater wetlands is most likely why there was better agreement among the models for identifying suitable areas for bioretention systems than for stormwater wetlands. The area required for the two VB-SCMs was a limiting factor and is the primary reason why only 68 % and 48 % of the existing natural wetlands were predicted suitable as stormwater wetlands (WLC and SQ, respectively). The SQ model determines whether a site requires standard construction, while the WLC model helps identify actions needed to construct and maintain certain VB-SCMs successfully. Thus, both models can help the stakeholders identify and properly place VB-SCMs to minimize the impairments. Nevertheless, further studies are required at the field scale to evaluate the suitability of the developed models.

基于植物的雨水控制措施（VB-SCMs）试图在城市发展中保持自然水文条件。研究了两种vb - scm在沿海SC（乔治敦、霍里、查尔斯顿和博福特县）的适用性：基于保留的雨水湿地和基于渗透的生物保留系统。开发了两种基于GIS的模型（加权线性组合（WLC）和空间查询（SQ）），并进行了比较，以确定两种vb - scm的适用性。虽然两种模型都确定了非常低的适合VB-SCMs的地区百分比，但SQ模型确定的适合地点比WLC少。生物滞留系统比雨水湿地需要更严格的标准和更小的足迹，这很可能是为什么在确定适合生物滞留系统的地区的模型之间比确定雨水湿地的模型更一致的原因。两个vb - scm所需的面积是一个限制因素，也是预测只有68%和48%的现有天然湿地适合作为雨水湿地（分别为WLC和SQ）的主要原因。SQ模型确定站点是否需要标准构建，而WLC模型有助于确定成功构建和维护某些vb - scm所需的操作。因此，这两种模型都可以帮助利益相关者识别和正确放置vb - scm，以最大限度地减少损害。然而，需要在实地尺度上进行进一步的研究，以评价所开发模型的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Landscape patterns indicate reduced forest fragmentation in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area following the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Program 景观格局表明，丹江口库区天然林保护工程实施后，森林破碎化程度有所降低

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107814

Zhiwen Yuan , Shili Meng , Tao Yu , Xiaodong Niu , Yong Pang

The Natural Forest Protection Program (NFPP) is the largest forest restoration program for protecting natural forests in China. The Danjiangkou Reservoir Area (DRA) offers a good opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of the NFPP program due to its unique implementation timeline and location characteristics. While most regions initiated the NFPP in 2000, the DRA began implementation in 2011. Its proximity to both early NFPP and non-NFPP regions provides a comparative framework for assessing the program's impacts on forest landscapes. This study employed dynamic landscape patterns analysis to compare the protection effects of forest resources both within and outside the NFPP areas, as well as before and after the NFPP implementation. Among the identified landscape categories, the core class represents large forest patches with high landscape connectivity. From 2000 to 2020, the area of core forests increased by 5.01 % of the total landscape area in NFPP-I (areas that initiated the NFPP in 2000) and by 7.65 % in NFPP-II (areas that initiated the NFPP in 2011), whereas the increase was only 0.73 % in non-NFPP (areas without NFPP implementation). Meanwhile, the net growth rate of core areas in the NFPP-II rose sharply from 0.92 % of the total landscape area before the implementation of the NFPP to 13.6 % after its implementation. These findings further demonstrate the positive role of the NFPP in reducing forest fragmentation. Moreover, landscape category transitions show consistent patterns, with the islet category being prone to forest loss, whereas other categories, such as bridge, are more likely to be converted into core areas. To halt forest ecosystem degradation, we recommend implementing measures to reduce the fragmentation of plantation forests and promoting a transition to more stable landscape types. This study provides a scientific basis for comprehensively promoting the protection and restoration of forests and the sustainable development of forest resources.

天然林保护工程是中国最大的天然林恢复工程。丹江口库区由于其独特的实施时间和区位特征，为评估NFPP项目的有效性提供了一个很好的机会。虽然大多数地区在2000年就启动了NFPP，但DRA在2011年才开始实施。它靠近早期森林保护计划和非森林保护计划地区，为评估该计划对森林景观的影响提供了一个比较框架。本研究采用动态景观格局分析的方法，比较了保护区内外、保护区实施前后的森林资源保护效果。在已识别的景观类别中，核心类代表景观连通性高的大型森林斑块。从2000年到2020年，国家森林保护计划ⅰ（2000年启动国家森林保护计划的地区）和国家森林保护计划ⅱ（2011年启动国家森林保护计划的地区）的核心森林面积分别增加了5.01%和7.65%，而非国家森林保护计划ⅰ（未实施国家森林保护计划的地区）的核心森林面积仅增加了0.73%。同时，核心区占景观总面积的净增长率从实施前的0.92%急剧上升至实施后的13.6%。这些发现进一步证明了NFPP在减少森林破碎化方面的积极作用。此外，景观类别的转变呈现出一致的模式，岛屿类别容易发生森林损失，而其他类别，如桥梁，更有可能转变为核心区。为了阻止森林生态系统的退化，我们建议采取措施减少人工林的破碎化，并促进向更稳定的景观类型过渡。本研究为全面推进森林保护与恢复、森林资源可持续发展提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-year water level drawdown and wildlife grazing drive wetland vegetation succession 多年的水位下降和野生动物放牧驱动湿地植被演替

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107819

Kerstin Bouma , Gabriela Carrasco Oliva , Mats I. Douma , Perry Cornelissen , Mennobart R. van Eerden , Ralph J.M. Temmink , Bart A. Nolet , Elisabeth S. Bakker

In wetlands, multi-annual water level drawdowns and herbivory can induce cyclic vegetation succession. While water level drawdowns can be used in wetland management to increase the area of reed vegetation, an important habitat for wetland birds, herbivory may interfere with this process. Here, we studied the combined effects of a human-induced water level drawdown, i.e. the intentional temporarily and large scale lowering of the water level, and herbivores on wetland vegetation development.

In the Oostvaardersplassen wetland, we used satellite imagery to assess vegetation development with and without water level drawdown and with and without red deer presence (introduced in 1992). An herbivore exclosure experiment (2022–2024) across an elevational gradient tested the effect of grazing on vegetation development during a drawdown.

Satellite imagery showed an expansion of reed cover by 560 ha in the period without red deer (1987–1991) and by 420 ha with red deer (2020–2024), only in the area with drawdowns. The exclosure experiment highlighted an interaction between herbivory and water depth: The presence of red deer at drier locations had minor effects on reed expansion, whereas reed expansion was strongly inhibited at wet locations with presence of geese.

Our findings provide large-scale quantitative evidence of the interaction between a water level drawdown and herbivory on the restoration of reed-dominated wetlands. We show the effectiveness of a water level drawdown, when dry conditions can be maintained for several consecutive years, as a restoration tool to promote reed development and the potential to steer the impact of herbivores during restoration.

在湿地中，多年的水位下降和草食可以诱导植被的循环演替。虽然水位下降可以用于湿地管理，以增加芦苇植被的面积，芦苇植被是湿地鸟类的重要栖息地，但草食可能会干扰这一过程。本文研究了人为引起的水位下降（即有意的、暂时的、大规模的水位下降）和食草动物对湿地植被发育的综合影响。在Oostvaardersplassen湿地，我们使用卫星图像评估了有无水位下降以及有无马鹿（1992年引入）的植被发展情况。一项跨海拔梯度的草食动物圈闭实验（2022-2024）测试了在下降期间放牧对植被发育的影响。卫星图像显示，在没有马鹿的时期（1987-1991），芦苇覆盖面积扩大了560公顷，有马鹿的时期（2020-2024），芦苇覆盖面积扩大了420公顷，仅在减少的地区。封闭实验强调了草食和水深之间的相互作用：干燥地区马鹿的存在对芦苇膨胀的影响较小，而潮湿地区鹅的存在则强烈抑制芦苇膨胀。我们的研究结果提供了大规模的定量证据，证明水位下降和草食在芦苇为主的湿地恢复中的相互作用。我们展示了当干旱条件可以连续保持数年时，水位下降作为促进芦苇发育的恢复工具的有效性，以及在恢复过程中引导食草动物影响的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A systematic review of ecological restoration in China from 1991 to 2024: A bibliometric analysis 1991 - 2024年中国生态恢复研究综述：文献计量分析

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107794

Qin Yue , Wang Shijin , Chen Shengyun , Cai Xingran

Ecological restoration has become a central issue in global sustainable development. Through large-scale engineering initiatives and policy innovation, China has gradually emerged as a key player in global environmental governance. This study draws on the Web of Science (WoS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases, utilizing the keywords “ecological restoration”, “ecological rehabilitation”, “ecological remediation”, and other related terms. After screening the database and conducting a manual review, we identified 9,486 publications, mapping the development of research in this field over time and examining its major themes, geographic focus, and other key features. The results indicate that: (1) The research trajectory of ecological restoration in China exhibits a policy-driven pattern, with the growth in publication volume closely aligned with major policy milestones such as the Grain for Green Program and the Ecological Redline initiative. (2) Research hotspots in this field have gradually shifted from early soil and water conservation projects to the quantitative assessment of ecosystem services. The research has not only progressively innovated in technical approaches but has also continuously expanded in scope, spatial scale, and participation models. (3) Current hotspot research topics include carbon neutrality and carbon sink functions, climate change adaptation and vulnerable ecosystem management, multi-pollutant synergistic remediation and soil function reconstruction, aquatic ecosystem and blue carbon system restoration, and the optimization of ecosystem services and spatial pattern reconfiguration. In the future, efforts should focus on accelerating the development of an integrated “satellite-air-ground” intelligent monitoring network, promoting interdisciplinary integration in ecological restoration, and advancing theoretical and technological innovation, thereby contributing Chinese experience and optimized models to the global ecological restoration knowledge system.

生态恢复已成为全球可持续发展的核心问题。通过大规模的工程倡议和政策创新，中国逐渐成为全球环境治理的关键参与者。本研究基于Web of Science （WoS）和中国知网（CNKI）数据库，采用“生态修复”、“生态修复”、“生态修复”等相关关键词。在筛选数据库并进行人工审查后，我们确定了9486份出版物，绘制了该领域长期以来的研究发展情况，并检查了其主要主题、地理焦点和其他关键特征。结果表明：(1)中国生态恢复研究的发展轨迹呈现政策驱动的格局，论文发表量的增长与退耕还林工程、生态红线等重大政策里程碑密切相关；(2)该领域的研究热点逐渐从早期的水土保持工程转向生态系统服务的定量评价。研究不仅在技术手段上不断创新，而且在范围、空间尺度和参与模式上不断拓展。(3)当前研究热点包括碳中和与碳汇功能、气候变化适应与脆弱生态系统管理、多污染物协同修复与土壤功能重建、水生生态系统与蓝碳系统修复、生态系统服务优化与空间格局重构等。未来应着力加快“星-空-地”一体化智能监测网络建设，推进生态修复学科交叉融合，推进理论和技术创新，为全球生态修复知识体系贡献中国经验和优化模式。

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引用次数: 0

Natural regeneration of Norway spruce under pioneer trees outperforms conventional reclamation on post-mining sites 挪威云杉在先锋树下的自然再生优于传统的采矿后复垦

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107812

O. Vindušková , D. Šimáňová , E. Reitshmiedová , J. Černý , J. Frouz

Afforestation is one of the feasible ways to restore post-mining land. Previous studies have shown that, under favorable conditions, forests can spontaneously establish through natural regeneration on post-mining sites developing by spontaneous succession, often colonized by pioneer tree species. However, the establishment of late-successional tree species is an important step in forest development. Here, we evaluate the growth of Norway spruce (Picea abies) in the understory of pioneer trees in successional sites developed through spontaneous succession, in comparison with spruce seedlings planted on conventionally reclaimed sites. The comparison of 14-year-old spruce trees shows that those growing in the understory of pioneer species are significantly taller, have higher chlorophyll and phosphorus content in their needles, a greater proportion of mycorrhizal root tips, and a higher content of ergosterol in the soil beneath them. However, the density of volunteer spruce trees on successional sites is significantly lower than the density of planted seedlings on reclaimed sites. Topsoil in reclaimed sites is alkaline (pH ∼8), whereas in successional sites, the pH is significantly lower (<7.5)—likely due to the greater accumulation of organic matter on the soil surface. Soil pH is negatively correlated with tree height, as well as needle phosphorus and soil ergosterol contents. We propose that the decrease in pH on successional sites is a major factor increasing their suitability for tree establishment. Surface leveling and subsequent tree planting, common in conventional reclamation practice, may result in less favorable site conditions than those arising from spontaneous succession and on-site natural seed germination.

植树造林是恢复矿区后土地的可行途径之一。以前的研究表明，在有利的条件下，森林可以通过自然更新在自发演替发展的采矿后地点自发建立，通常是先锋树种的殖民地。而晚演替树种的建立是森林发展的重要步骤。在这里，我们评估了挪威云杉（Picea abies）在通过自然演替发展的演替地点的先锋树林下的生长情况，并与在常规开垦地点种植的云杉幼苗进行了比较。对14岁云杉的比较表明，生长在先锋种林下的云杉明显更高，针叶中叶绿素和磷含量更高，根尖菌根比例更高，土壤中麦角甾醇含量更高。然而，演替地志愿云杉的密度明显低于复垦地的种苗密度。复垦地的表层土壤呈碱性（pH ~ 8），而演替地的表层土壤pH值明显较低（<7.5），这可能是由于土壤表面有机质积累较多。土壤pH值与树高、针叶磷和土壤麦角甾醇含量呈负相关。我们认为，演替地pH值的降低是提高其适树性的主要因素。常规填海方法中常见的地面平整和随后的植树，可能会导致比自然演替和现场种子自然发芽所产生的更不利的场地条件。

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引用次数: 0