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Theoretical foundations of the study of psychological readiness of children 5-6 years old for school 5-6岁儿童入学心理准备研究的理论基础
L. Derkach, V. Pupchenko
The given article dwells on basic issues of school readiness in preschoolers to learn at a primary school. The structure and its components : communicative, cognitive, emotional and volitional as well as personal readiness are reviewed.
这篇文章阐述了学龄前儿童在小学学习的入学准备的基本问题。结构和它的组成部分:沟通,认知,情感和意志以及个人准备进行了审查。
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引用次数: 0
Modern approaches to the formation of future teachers-philologists’ punctuation competence 未来教师——语言学家标点能力形成的现代途径
T. Denyshchych
The article analyses the concept of punctuation competence as a component of future teachers-philologists’ professional and communicativecompetence. It identifies the basic punctuation skills that underlie punctuation competence. On the basis of generalization of modern tendencies to students’ language training, the essential stages of punctuation competence formation and its basic components are put forward and proved. Considering the innovative trends in the higher education system, we reveal the essence and content of language education approaches to improving the students’ punctuation competence. The theoretical aspects (traditional and innovative approaches) proposed in the article will promote the effective development of the students’ written professional speech and lay the foundation for the teaching punctuation methodology.
文章分析了标点符号能力的概念,认为标点符号能力是未来语文教师专业能力和交际能力的组成部分。它指出了构成标点能力的基本标点技巧。在概括现代学生语言训练趋势的基础上,提出并论证了标点能力形成的基本阶段及其基本组成部分。结合高等教育体制的创新趋势,揭示了提高学生标点能力的语言教育途径的本质和内容。本文提出的理论方面(传统方法和创新方法)将促进学生书面专业演讲的有效发展,并为教学标点方法奠定基础。
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引用次数: 0
The importance of learning English in pilot training: world practice 飞行员培训中英语学习的重要性:世界实践
O. Bankova
The article addresses the issue of the necessary language training for future aviation professionals, together with practical training prior to flight training or initial training during flight in English-speaking countries. World practice shows a growing need for language training for pilots, air traffic controllers, etc. in areas of the world where English is not traditionally the mother tongue of the population. Important questions are what communicative skills are needed by future pilots and how ongoing research on Englishlanguage teaching methodology can help in the overall training of aviation professionals. The article presents the results of a study on the training of indigenous language-speaking professional pilots who were trained in English-speaking countries from the outset. The author gives examples from the experiences of students from countriessuch as China, USA, Greece, Brazil etc. Our research focuses on developing communication skills needed by students, To future pilots, to successfully learn in an English-speaking environment during their apprenticeship.
本文讨论了未来航空专业人员必要的语言培训问题,以及飞行训练前的实际培训或在英语国家飞行中的初始培训。世界实践表明,在英语传统上不是人口母语的地区,飞行员、空中交通管制员等越来越需要语言培训。重要的问题是,未来的飞行员需要什么样的沟通技巧,以及正在进行的英语教学方法研究如何有助于航空专业人员的整体培训。本文介绍了一项关于从一开始就在英语国家接受培训的土著语言专业飞行员培训的研究结果。作者以中国、美国、希腊、巴西等国学生的经历为例。我们的研究重点是培养学生所需的沟通技巧,以便未来的飞行员在学徒期间在英语环境中成功学习。
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引用次数: 0
The formation of students’ leadership qualities and competencies: the experience of Europe 学生领导素质和能力的形成:欧洲的经验
A. R. Zhukova
In the context of Ukraine’s efforts to integrate into the European space, the issues of training student youth that would meet generally accepted European standards become relevant. Therefore, there is a need to study and analyze the European experience on the formation of students’leadership qualities and competencies. In accordance with modern requirements for the preparation of students in European countries, it is necessary not only to ensure the acquisition of professional knowledge and skills by students but also to develop leadership skills and leadership competencies that will help them be competitive, focused, will allow them to build a successful career and work for the good of their country. The purpose of the article is to review and analyze the experience of European countries in the formation of students’ leadership competencies and qualities, as well as to highlight proposals for improving the process of formation of these students’ qualities and competencies in Ukraine. The concepts of «leadership qualities» and «leadership competencies» are analyzed, their main characteristics and types are singled out. The maindirections and features of the process of formation of student’s leadership qualities and competencies from such European countries as Germany, Norway, England, Finland, Sweden are described. It is established that in these European countries in the process of formation of leadership competencies and qualities, much attention is paid to student government, extracurricular activities with students, involving students in active social activities, which are key to ensuring the effectiveness of this process. In view of this, it is determined that in Ukraine it is necessary to take into account the experience of European countries and implement the above activities in the work of educational institutions in order to ensure an effective process of forming students’ leadership qualities and competencies. Also, some proposals have been developed to improve the process of forming students’ leadership qualities and competencies in Ukraine.
在乌克兰努力融入欧洲空间的背景下,培训符合普遍接受的欧洲标准的青年学生的问题具有重要意义。因此,有必要研究和分析欧洲在学生领导素质和能力形成方面的经验。根据欧洲国家对学生准备的现代要求,不仅有必要确保学生获得专业知识和技能,而且有必要培养领导技能和领导能力,这将帮助他们具有竞争力,专注,并使他们能够建立成功的职业生涯并为国家的利益而工作。本文的目的是回顾和分析欧洲国家在学生领导能力和素质形成方面的经验,并重点提出改善乌克兰这些学生素质和能力形成过程的建议。分析了“领导素质”和“领导能力”的概念,并挑出了它们的主要特征和类型。描述了德国、挪威、英国、芬兰、瑞典等欧洲国家学生领导素质和能力形成过程的主要方向和特点。可以确定的是,在这些欧洲国家的领导能力和素质的形成过程中,非常重视学生政府,与学生的课外活动,让学生积极参与社会活动,这是确保这一过程的有效性的关键。鉴于此,决定在乌克兰有必要考虑到欧洲国家的经验,并在教育机构的工作中实施上述活动,以确保形成学生领导素质和能力的有效过程。此外,还提出了一些建议,以改善乌克兰学生领导素质和能力的培养过程。
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引用次数: 0
Theoretical and methodological problems of preschoolers’ readiness to study in primary school: foreign experience 学龄前儿童小学学习准备的理论与方法问题:国外经验
L. Derkach, V. Pupchenko
The given article presents burning issues of theory and methodology of preschoolers‘ readiness (aged 5-6 ) to learning at a primary school on the basis of the review of the latest western psychology research. Disputable definitions of the notion readiness to school learning, its structure components and specifics of psychological diagnostics instruments usage are provided. Future perspectives of scientific investigation on the optimal and effective ways of readiness elaboration in starters at a primary school are outlined in different cross-cultural environments.
本文在回顾西方最新心理学研究的基础上,提出了学前儿童(5-6岁)小学学习准备的理论和方法的热点问题。提供了对学校学习准备的概念的有争议的定义,其结构组成部分和心理诊断工具使用的具体情况。本文概述了在不同的跨文化环境下,对小学新生准备阐述的最佳和有效方式进行科学研究的未来前景。
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引用次数: 0
To the question of transformation of education in a post-industrial society 后工业社会的教育转型问题
E. Protsenko
Questions of innovative politics at higher school are extremely actual today, because without perfection of education there is no scientific and social progress. Currently, the transition from the University of the classical type to the University of the Third Generation is in progress, directly associated with a production.The separate aspects of this process are examined in this article.
没有教育的完善,就没有科学的进步和社会的进步,高校政治创新问题在今天是十分现实的。目前,从古典类型的大学向第三代大学的过渡正在进行中,与生产直接相关。本文将研究这个过程的各个方面。
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引用次数: 0
Psychological factors of conflicts in young families. 青年家庭冲突的心理因素。
V. Synyshyna
Purpose. Our study was an attempt to explore the specifics of marital conflict in a young family. This goal included solving the following tasks: to conduct a psychological study of the causes of marital conflicts in a young family, on the basis of empirical data to carry out quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results. Methods. To achieve this goal, the theoretical method of analysis of literature sources on this issue was used, the empirical method was to conduct research on such diagnostic meth-ods as: Methods of diagnosing the propensity of the individual to conflict K. Thomas; Methods of “Distribution of roles in the family” (Yu.E. Alyoshin, L.Ya. Gozman, E.M. Dubovska); Wiesbaden ques-tionnaire developed by N. Pezeshkian. Results. 33% of the surveyed married couples in conflict situations show competitive behavior, one of the spouses tries, first of all, to satisfy their own interests, not taking into account the interests of others, encouraging them to accept their own solutions to problems. In 16% of the studied cou-ples we observe evasion of the conflict situation. This style is used by couples when the problem they are dealing with is not very important to the person, when she does not want to spend energy on solving it, or when she feels that she is in a hopeless situation. 16% of couples in conflict try to adapt to it. This means that a person acts in harmony with another, without trying to defend their own interests. The style of the device may resemble evasion. In six pairs (which is 35% of respondents) there is no conflict. Thus, among the surveyed married couples, we observe the presence of conflict in 66% of couples, which means that both members of these couples act in the same way to resolve conflict situations and therefore their conflict situation is likely to flare up more than subside. Summarizing the results of the Wiesbaden Questionnaire, which allowed us to diagnose areas of constant emotional stress in families, it should be noted that most conflicts in the studied young families arise over justice, which we see in 83% of respondents. The rarest cause of marital conflicts in a young family is a significant difference in the severity of such behavioral norms: accuracy, courtesy, sincerity, humility, hope, faith, imagination, neatness. The method of division of roles in the family showed that the role of raising children is the most inconsistent. In 66% of the couples studied, conflicts arise due to inconsistencies in roles such as entertainment, sexual partner and family subculture organizer. The role of the person responsible for the material support of the family, according to our study, is uncoor-dinated in half of married couples (50% of respondents). Conclusions. The study found that most conflicts in young families arise due to inconsistencies between partners in such ways and forms of behav-ior as: establishing contacts, there are also contradictions about professional motives, feelings, trust in each oth
目的。我们的研究试图探究年轻家庭中婚姻冲突的具体情况。该目标包括解决以下任务:对一个年轻家庭的婚姻冲突原因进行心理学研究,在实证数据的基础上对结果进行定量和定性分析。方法。为了实现这一目标,本文采用了对这一问题文献来源进行分析的理论方法,实证方法是对以下诊断方法进行研究:诊断个体冲突倾向的方法K. Thomas;“家庭角色分配”的方法(俞恩英)。Alyoshin L.Ya。Gozman, E.M. Dubovska);由N. Pezeshkian开发的Wiesbaden问卷。结果:33%的受访夫妻在冲突情况下表现出竞争行为,一方首先试图满足自己的利益,不考虑他人的利益,鼓励对方接受自己解决问题的方法。在16%的被研究的夫妻中,我们观察到逃避冲突的情况。当他们正在处理的问题对对方来说不是很重要时,当她不想花精力去解决问题时,或者当她感到自己处于绝望的境地时,就会使用这种方式。16%发生冲突的夫妻试图去适应。这意味着一个人与另一个人和谐相处,不试图捍卫自己的利益。该装置的风格可能类似于逃避。有六对(占受访者的35%)没有冲突。因此,在被调查的已婚夫妇中,我们观察到66%的夫妇存在冲突,这意味着这些夫妇的双方都以同样的方式解决冲突情况,因此他们的冲突情况可能会爆发而不是平息。总结威斯巴登问卷的结果,它使我们能够诊断出家庭中持续的情绪压力领域,应该指出的是,在被研究的年轻家庭中,大多数冲突都是关于正义的,我们在83%的受访者中看到了这一点。在一个年轻的家庭中,婚姻冲突最罕见的原因是这些行为规范的严重程度的显著差异:准确、礼貌、真诚、谦卑、希望、信仰、想象力、整洁。家庭角色划分的方法表明,抚养孩子的角色最不一致。在66%的被调查夫妻中,冲突是由于角色不一致而产生的,比如娱乐、性伴侣和家庭亚文化组织者。根据我们的研究,在一半的已婚夫妇(50%的受访者)中,负责家庭物质支持的人的角色是不协调的。结论。研究发现,年轻家庭中的大多数冲突都是由于伴侣之间的行为方式和形式的不一致引起的:建立联系,还有职业动机,感情,相互信任,节俭,礼貌,温柔,性和爱方面的矛盾。
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引用次数: 0
Foreign language and forming the students’ (cadets’) socio-cultural competence 外语与学生(学员)社会文化能力的形成
O. Zelenska
The article deals with the problem of forming the socio-cultural competence by means of a foreign language that is a very important aspect of a personality development, because exactly society and culture are the main and direct factor of their formation. It is stated that the socio-culturaldevelopment of a future specialist is worth to consider being the necessary element of their professional education. This process embraces a certain level of forming the valuables and valuable orientations which are the regulators of the personality life activity and behaviour. It is underlined that the social and communicative skills of the future specialists should include not only the pragmatic aspects, but the factor of a good command of the foreign language as a prestige component of general personal culture of a person, that makes it possible to define the foreign language communicative competence of the future specialists fuller. Without the good command of the foreign language and without the proper forming the socio-cultural competence the future specialist will not be able to carry out all the issues that will originate in their professional activity. The main issues of forming the foreign language socio-cultural competence which are researched by the scholars are outlined, among them are the general principles of developing the socio-cultural competence and the socio-cultural approaches to learning the foreign language, forming the socio-cultural competence in the different courses that are taught at the establishments of higher education. forming the socio-cultural competence of the students (cadets) of various specialities, etc.
社会文化能力是人格发展的一个重要方面,而社会文化正是形成社会文化能力的主要和直接因素。报告指出,未来专家的社会文化发展值得考虑成为其专业教育的必要因素。这一过程包含了一定程度上的价值取向的形成,这些价值取向是人格生活活动和行为的调节器。强调未来专家的社会交际能力不仅应包括语用方面,还应包括良好的外语掌握能力,这是一个人一般个人文化的一个重要组成部分,这使得有可能更充分地界定未来专家的外语交际能力。如果不能很好地掌握外语,没有适当地形成社会文化能力,未来的专家将无法解决其专业活动中产生的所有问题。概述了学者们研究的形成外语社会文化能力的主要问题,其中包括发展社会文化能力的一般原则和学习外语的社会文化方法,在高等教育机构教授的不同课程中形成社会文化能力。培养各专业学生(学员)的社会文化能力等。
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引用次数: 0
Psychological, pedagogical and organizational conditions of education of students with English-language education in the field of «Obstetrics and Gynecology» in the implementation of European standards of higher education in Ukraine 在乌克兰实施欧洲高等教育标准的“妇产科”领域接受英语教育的学生的心理,教学和组织教育条件
N. Gaidai, A. Revenko, N. Oliynyk
This work is devoted to the new methods of training of English-speaking students at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynicology of ZSMU. It is offered new methods of educational work by variety of scientific work, improvements of practical skills by independent student work, university’s clinic.
本文旨在探讨浙大妇产学系英语学生培训的新方法。各种科学工作、学生自主作业、高校诊所等为教育工作提供了新的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction of European standards of higher education in Ukraine: principles of academic integrity in the educational and scientific space ZSMU 引进欧洲高等教育标准在乌克兰:学术诚信的原则在教育和科学空间ZSMU
O. Fedoseeva, V. Yevtushenko, L. Fukleva, G. A. Zidrashko, T. Gromokovska
The profound transformations of the national higher education system are the result of a combination of various factors. The process of creating a knowledge society puts the field of higher education at the center not only of the development of basic and applied science, the formation of future social and professionalelites, it makes it generally responsible for the interpretation, dissemination and use of new knowledge. The ethics of higher education, the values that underlie its scientific and educational activities, the principles and rules of relationships in each institution, in teaching staff, in relationships with students are the basis of the academic corporation’s ability to effectively self-regulate and meet society’s demand. Thus, conscious moral choice, concern for reputation become one of the main mechanisms of internal self-regulation of the professional community, determine its ethical priorities, balance of power and logic of professional communications. Academic integrity, as a certain social ideal, must counteract the excessive commercialization of universities, their intensive bureaucratization, which destroys not only the ability to fulfill their social mission, but also the logic of their existence. Violation of the principles of academic interaction, undermining of corporate solidarity and trust, reduction of professional involvement, low interest in the active work of the academic community - all this is a consequence of the limited autonomy of the academic space. The activities of the academic community can be effective only if it is based on a certain set of values that unite very different people into one team and give meaning to their joint activities. Academic honesty in this situation significantly affects the formation of common approaches to the organization of work, the definition of job competencies and trust, decision-making procedures, perception and resolution of conflicts, and so on. The article presents the basic principles and experience of implementing academic integrity in the educational and scientific space of Zaporizhia State Medical University in the framework of the implementation of European standards of higher education institutions in Ukraine.
我国高等教育体制的深刻变革是多种因素综合作用的结果。在创建知识社会的过程中,高等教育领域不仅是基础科学和应用科学的发展、未来社会和专业精英的形成的中心,而且是新知识的解释、传播和使用的普遍责任。高等教育的道德规范、支撑其科学和教育活动的价值观、各机构、教职员工和学生之间关系的原则和规则,是学术团体有效自我调节和满足社会需求的能力的基础。因此,自觉的道德选择、对声誉的关注成为职业群体内部自我调节的主要机制之一,决定了其伦理优先、权力平衡和职业传播的逻辑。学术诚信作为一种社会理想,必须与大学的过度商业化、严重的官僚化相抗衡,这不仅破坏了大学履行社会使命的能力,也破坏了大学存在的逻辑。违反学术互动原则,破坏企业团结和信任,减少专业参与,对学术界积极工作的兴趣低下-所有这些都是学术空间有限的自治的结果。学术团体的活动只有建立在一套价值观的基础上,才能有效地将不同的人团结成一个团队,并赋予他们共同活动的意义。在这种情况下,学术诚信显著影响着共同工作组织方式的形成、工作能力和信任的定义、决策程序、冲突的感知和解决等。文章介绍了在乌克兰实施欧洲高等教育机构标准的框架内,扎波罗热国立医科大学在教育和科学领域实施学术诚信的基本原则和经验。
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引用次数: 0
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Higher Education of Ukraine in the Context of Integration to European Educational Space
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