Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2024.101589
Benjamin Lux , Miriam Frömel , Gustav Resch , Florian Hasengst , Frank Sensfuß
Today, most hydrogen production is based on natural gas and occurs locally at the demand sites. However, according to many studies, hydrogen generation will shift to greenhouse gas (GHG)-neutral sources and supply, substantially increasing demands to meet ambitious climate protection targets in the European Union. Therefore, the model-based analysis in this paper addresses where hydrogen will come from in a GHG-neutral target system. A scenario study examines different expansion paths of renewable energy generation technologies and variations in European cooperation regarding energy trading. The model results show that a domestic European hydrogen supply strategy is cost-efficient. This result is robust even with higher self-sufficiency shares of individual countries. However, delayed or restricted expansions of renewable electricity generation technologies lead to increased hydrogen demands for power generation and increased pipeline-bound hydrogen imports in winter from the Middle East and North Africa in the model results. Furthermore, scenarios with higher photovoltaic shares exhibit increased demand for hydrogen storage for seasonal energy supply and demand balancing and increased hydrogen demands for power generation. A cost-efficient hydrogen supply strategy should, therefore, particularly focus on the expansion of onshore wind energy and hydrogen supply technologies in Europe and strengthen European cooperation for energy supply infrastructures.
{"title":"Effects of different renewable electricity diffusion paths and restricted european cooperation on Europe's hydrogen supply","authors":"Benjamin Lux , Miriam Frömel , Gustav Resch , Florian Hasengst , Frank Sensfuß","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Today, most hydrogen production is based on natural gas and occurs locally at the demand sites. However, according to many studies, hydrogen generation will shift to greenhouse gas (GHG)-neutral sources and supply, substantially increasing demands to meet ambitious climate protection targets in the European Union. Therefore, the model-based analysis in this paper addresses where hydrogen will come from in a GHG-neutral target system. A scenario study examines different expansion paths of renewable energy generation technologies and variations in European cooperation regarding energy trading. The model results show that a domestic European hydrogen supply strategy is cost-efficient. This result is robust even with higher self-sufficiency shares of individual countries. However, delayed or restricted expansions of renewable electricity generation technologies lead to increased hydrogen demands for power generation and increased pipeline-bound hydrogen imports in winter from the Middle East and North Africa in the model results. Furthermore, scenarios with higher photovoltaic shares exhibit increased demand for hydrogen storage for seasonal energy supply and demand balancing and increased hydrogen demands for power generation. A cost-efficient hydrogen supply strategy should, therefore, particularly focus on the expansion of onshore wind energy and hydrogen supply technologies in Europe and strengthen European cooperation for energy supply infrastructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101589"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2024.101593
Peng Zhang , Yuye Xiao , Shah zaib , Nasir khan
In 2022, emitting 4.8 billion metric tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2), the United States ranked as the global second-biggest polluter. In order to address this, the US has set a specific target of reducing net carbon dioxide emissions by 50–52 % from the peak of 2006 by 2030. For this reason, identifying the most important elements that will help achieve the SDGs is of the utmost importance. This study looked at how the relationships between green energy transitions (ET), ecological innovation (EI), economic policy uncertainty (EPU), energy consumption (EU), economic growth (EG), and sectoral CO₂ emissions changed from 1982 to 2022. It used advanced Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (QQR) and Quantiles Granger Causality test (QGC). The result highlights a positive correlation between overall sectoral CO2 quantiles and ET quantiles. In the lowest to upper quantiles, EI and sectoral CO2 are slightly positive; however, in the 0.2–0.95 quantiles, the rising slope values demonstrate that EPU affects SCO2. In a similar vein, sectoral CO2 and energy consumption exhibited mixed results across quantiles, while the QQR slope values for sectoral CO2 and economic growth exhibited mixed results throughout quantiles as well. It is crucial to make investments in ET and ecological innovation in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals-7 by 2030. This will reduce EPU and ensure that all sectors have access to energy.
{"title":"The impact of economic policy uncertainty, renewable energy adoption, and eco-innovation on sectoral CO₂ emissions in the United States","authors":"Peng Zhang , Yuye Xiao , Shah zaib , Nasir khan","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2022, emitting 4.8 billion metric tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2), the United States ranked as the global second-biggest polluter. In order to address this, the US has set a specific target of reducing net carbon dioxide emissions by 50–52 % from the peak of 2006 by 2030. For this reason, identifying the most important elements that will help achieve the SDGs is of the utmost importance. This study looked at how the relationships between green energy transitions (ET), ecological innovation (EI), economic policy uncertainty (EPU), energy consumption (EU), economic growth (EG), and sectoral CO₂ emissions changed from 1982 to 2022. It used advanced Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (QQR) and Quantiles Granger Causality test (QGC). The result highlights a positive correlation between overall sectoral CO2 quantiles and ET quantiles. In the lowest to upper quantiles, EI and sectoral CO2 are slightly positive; however, in the 0.2–0.95 quantiles, the rising slope values demonstrate that EPU affects SCO2. In a similar vein, sectoral CO2 and energy consumption exhibited mixed results across quantiles, while the QQR slope values for sectoral CO2 and economic growth exhibited mixed results throughout quantiles as well. It is crucial to make investments in ET and ecological innovation in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals-7 by 2030. This will reduce EPU and ensure that all sectors have access to energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101593"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2024.101579
Weiyi Zhang , Jia Cuijing , Zhixiang Liu , Pinfan He , Enle Wuhao
The increasing effects of climate change have prompted the initiation of various programs aimed at achieving carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability. Tourism, through activities such as air travel and hotel stay, significantly contributes to global warming. This study examines the relationship between carbon emissions and tourism in China, using data from 1990 to 2022, and applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to estimate both long-run and short-run coefficients. The results indicate that tourism exacerbates the challenges China faces in achieving carbon neutrality, with long-term carbon emissions being positively correlated with the number of travelers, fossil fuel energy consumption, economic growth, financial development, gross fixed capital formation, and population growth. However, a negative correlation is observed between carbon emissions and the use of renewable energy. These findings are further validated through Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), and Canonical Cointegration Regression (CCR) techniques. The study suggests that enhancing the use of renewable energy is crucial for developing sustainable tourism practices and aiding China in its efforts to reach carbon neutrality.
{"title":"Examining the impact of tourism on carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability in China: The role of renewable energy","authors":"Weiyi Zhang , Jia Cuijing , Zhixiang Liu , Pinfan He , Enle Wuhao","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing effects of climate change have prompted the initiation of various programs aimed at achieving carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability. Tourism, through activities such as air travel and hotel stay, significantly contributes to global warming. This study examines the relationship between carbon emissions and tourism in China, using data from 1990 to 2022, and applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to estimate both long-run and short-run coefficients. The results indicate that tourism exacerbates the challenges China faces in achieving carbon neutrality, with long-term carbon emissions being positively correlated with the number of travelers, fossil fuel energy consumption, economic growth, financial development, gross fixed capital formation, and population growth. However, a negative correlation is observed between carbon emissions and the use of renewable energy. These findings are further validated through Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), and Canonical Cointegration Regression (CCR) techniques. The study suggests that enhancing the use of renewable energy is crucial for developing sustainable tourism practices and aiding China in its efforts to reach carbon neutrality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101579"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2024.101577
Yuxi Zhang , Qamar Ali
Tourism is a trillion-dollar industry, and sustainable development is a core issue in tourism development in the recent era. Sustainable tourism covers development's social, cultural, economic, and environmental aspects. Tourism development is essential for developed and developing economies because it has a multiplier effect. Tourism showed the potential to attain all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, this study explores the socioeconomic factors of promoting sustainable tourism in the high, upper-middle, low-middle-, and low-income counties. This study will also explore the effect of sustainable tourism on the economy, energy, and environment. A novel worldwide tourism index is developed, incorporating factors such as domestic tourism consumption, government spending on individuals, capital investment, tourist revenue, and tourism activity. It creates an infrastructure index using multiple indicators like access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, access to electricity, drinking water, and essential sanitation services. The proposed period for the selected variable will be 1990–2022. therefore, we conducted second-generational unit root and cointegration tests due to the chances of cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity. The regression analysis shows the impact of selected indicators on global tourism using a two-step difference GMM. The regression analysis shows the effect of selected indicators on clean energy, inclusive growth and environment using a two-step difference GMM. The increase in inclusive growth was reported due to increased FDI inflow, Trade openness, financial development, and global tourism in all income groups (upper-middle and low). The decrease in inclusiveness resulted from increased inflation (all panels). The increase in inclusive growth was found to be a 1 % increase in Global tourism growth, FDI, financial development, and infrastructure index. The increase in the global inclusive growth was 0.522 %, 0.4 %, 0.016 %, 0.097 % and 4.287 % for a 1 % increase in Global tourism, trade openness, financial development index, foreign direct investment and infrastructure index., respectively. It is beneficial to encourage financial development in tourism to receive the economic advantages of tourism. Tourism is linked to the generation of foreign currency, enhancing a country's financial stability. Therefore, governments should increase investment in tourism, i.e. transportation, restaurants, and hotels. Ensuring an enabling environment for tourism-related businesses is recommended by eliminating unnecessary regulations and providing credit to small businesses. It is also recommended that tourism-related tax revenue be invested in infrastructural development. The governments should ensure a peaceful environment and quality of institutions. The availability of cultural resources and ICT can also attract tourists.
{"title":"Socio-economic determinants of sustainable tourism and their nexus with energy, environment, and economy (3ES): A panel data analysis","authors":"Yuxi Zhang , Qamar Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tourism is a trillion-dollar industry, and sustainable development is a core issue in tourism development in the recent era. Sustainable tourism covers development's social, cultural, economic, and environmental aspects. Tourism development is essential for developed and developing economies because it has a multiplier effect. Tourism showed the potential to attain all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, this study explores the socioeconomic factors of promoting sustainable tourism in the high, upper-middle, low-middle-, and low-income counties. This study will also explore the effect of sustainable tourism on the economy, energy, and environment. A novel worldwide tourism index is developed, incorporating factors such as domestic tourism consumption, government spending on individuals, capital investment, tourist revenue, and tourism activity. It creates an infrastructure index using multiple indicators like access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, access to electricity, drinking water, and essential sanitation services. The proposed period for the selected variable will be 1990–2022. therefore, we conducted second-generational unit root and cointegration tests due to the chances of cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity. The regression analysis shows the impact of selected indicators on global tourism using a two-step difference GMM. The regression analysis shows the effect of selected indicators on clean energy, inclusive growth and environment using a two-step difference GMM. The increase in inclusive growth was reported due to increased FDI inflow, Trade openness, financial development, and global tourism in all income groups (upper-middle and low). The decrease in inclusiveness resulted from increased inflation (all panels). The increase in inclusive growth was found to be a 1 % increase in Global tourism growth, FDI, financial development, and infrastructure index. The increase in the global inclusive growth was 0.522 %, 0.4 %, 0.016 %, 0.097 % and 4.287 % for a 1 % increase in Global tourism, trade openness, financial development index, foreign direct investment and infrastructure index., respectively. It is beneficial to encourage financial development in tourism to receive the economic advantages of tourism. Tourism is linked to the generation of foreign currency, enhancing a country's financial stability. Therefore, governments should increase investment in tourism, i.e. transportation, restaurants, and hotels. Ensuring an enabling environment for tourism-related businesses is recommended by eliminating unnecessary regulations and providing credit to small businesses. It is also recommended that tourism-related tax revenue be invested in infrastructural development. The governments should ensure a peaceful environment and quality of institutions. The availability of cultural resources and ICT can also attract tourists.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101577"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2024.101584
yinuo wang , Muhammad Umair , Assilova Aizhan , Vusala Teymurova , Lie Chang
The persistent disparity between urban and rural incomes in China poses a critical challenge to alleviating energy poverty in rural areas. This study investigates how the income gap between urban and rural regions exacerbates rural energy poverty, focusing on the period from 2005 to 2023, utilizing data from 30 provinces. By employing a two-way fixed-effects model and asymmetry analysis, the research reveals that an increase in the urban-rural income disparity significantly intensifies rural energy poverty. Notably, at higher income quantiles, the gap's effect on energy poverty is more pronounced, while at lower quantiles, its impact is less severe. Financial development, rather than alleviating the situation, is positively associated with rural energy poverty, highlighting an unintended consequence of unequal access to financial services. The results further show that rural regions with limited financial inclusion experience a deepening of energy poverty, with financial service accessibility benefiting wealthier demographics more than the impoverished rural population. These findings imply that targeted policies promoting equitable financial access, narrowing income disparities, and integrating energy poverty reduction strategies are essential to achieving China's Rural Revitalization Strategy.
{"title":"Does the disparity between rural and urban incomes affect rural energy poverty?","authors":"yinuo wang , Muhammad Umair , Assilova Aizhan , Vusala Teymurova , Lie Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistent disparity between urban and rural incomes in China poses a critical challenge to alleviating energy poverty in rural areas. This study investigates how the income gap between urban and rural regions exacerbates rural energy poverty, focusing on the period from 2005 to 2023, utilizing data from 30 provinces. By employing a two-way fixed-effects model and asymmetry analysis, the research reveals that an increase in the urban-rural income disparity significantly intensifies rural energy poverty. Notably, at higher income quantiles, the gap's effect on energy poverty is more pronounced, while at lower quantiles, its impact is less severe. Financial development, rather than alleviating the situation, is positively associated with rural energy poverty, highlighting an unintended consequence of unequal access to financial services. The results further show that rural regions with limited financial inclusion experience a deepening of energy poverty, with financial service accessibility benefiting wealthier demographics more than the impoverished rural population. These findings imply that targeted policies promoting equitable financial access, narrowing income disparities, and integrating energy poverty reduction strategies are essential to achieving China's Rural Revitalization Strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101584"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2024.101578
Zhen Jia , Xiaohui Yang , Fangfang Shi , Yan Xing
Technological innovation through various pathways is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality and peak carbon emissions. The Innovative City Pilot (ICP) initiative, a key effort to promote national innovation, has garnered increasing attention. However, most studies have not examined the effects of ICP on carbon emissions through diverse digital technologies. Using city-level data from 2000 to 2022, we constructed a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model to analyze changes in carbon emissions before and after the ICP period in both ICP and non-ICP areas. The carbon emission reduction pathway of the ICP influences various forms of digital technology, which then empower local green product innovation, market-oriented innovation, and industrial innovation. The impact of ICP emission reduction through digital technology is more significant in western, first- and second-tier, sub-provincial, populous, and coastal cities. In conclusion, policymakers should tailor policies according to the action pathways of digital technology and specific city characteristics. We outline the specific pathways of green product innovation, market-oriented innovation, and industrial innovation enabled by digital technologies and provide policy recommendations for the sustainable development of China.
{"title":"Pathways to innovation: How city pilots leverage digital technology to reduce carbon emissions","authors":"Zhen Jia , Xiaohui Yang , Fangfang Shi , Yan Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Technological innovation through various pathways is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality and peak carbon emissions. The Innovative City Pilot (ICP) initiative, a key effort to promote national innovation, has garnered increasing attention. However, most studies have not examined the effects of ICP on carbon emissions through diverse digital technologies. Using city-level data from 2000 to 2022, we constructed a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model to analyze changes in carbon emissions before and after the ICP period in both ICP and non-ICP areas. The carbon emission reduction pathway of the ICP influences various forms of digital technology, which then empower local green product innovation, market-oriented innovation, and industrial innovation. The impact of ICP emission reduction through digital technology is more significant in western, first- and second-tier, sub-provincial, populous, and coastal cities. In conclusion, policymakers should tailor policies according to the action pathways of digital technology and specific city characteristics. We outline the specific pathways of green product innovation, market-oriented innovation, and industrial innovation enabled by digital technologies and provide policy recommendations for the sustainable development of China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101578"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2024.101548
Cai Dongsheng , Ernest Zoa Ndifor , Alex-Oke Temidayo Olayinka , Chiagoziem C. Ukwuoma , Ali Shefik , Yihua Hu , Olusola Bamisile , Mustafa Dagbasi , Dilber Uzun Ozsahin , Humphrey Adun
The Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) is at a pivotal juncture in its energy development, facing significant challenges such as increasing emissions and an unreliable energy supply that hampers economic progress. This study assesses the potential for integrating diverse renewable energy (RE) sources into the CEMAC grid, specifically focusing on river hydro, dam hydropower, onshore wind, and solar photovoltaics. Using the EnergyPlan tool, we conduct a dynamic one-year simulation to model energy dispatch on monthly and hourly scales. The modelling result indicates that achieving a 100 % electricity access in the CEMAC region by 2030 will require an annual electricity demand of 8.59 TWh. If this demand is fully met by natural gas (1143 MW), it will result in about 3.75 Mt of carbon emissions. The result shows that by implementing a mix of these renewable technologies in the proposed integrated grid system, the CEMAC region could reduce its carbon emissions by up to 48.7 % relative to using a single RE source in the grid, with annual renewable electricity production of 4.19 TWh/year. Also, by maximising the RE potential from each CEMAC region, there is 49 % RE integration in the proposed integrated grid, with the highest RE share from hydro. This study quantitatively shows that the proposed synchronized regional grid incorporating these renewable sources could enhance electricity reliability and further reduce emissions in the CEMAC region. This research also highlights the transformative potential of RE in achieving sustainable and cost-effective energy solutions for CEMAC, setting a roadmap towards a resilient energy future by 2050.
{"title":"An EnergyPlan analysis of electricity decarbonization in the CEMAC region","authors":"Cai Dongsheng , Ernest Zoa Ndifor , Alex-Oke Temidayo Olayinka , Chiagoziem C. Ukwuoma , Ali Shefik , Yihua Hu , Olusola Bamisile , Mustafa Dagbasi , Dilber Uzun Ozsahin , Humphrey Adun","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) is at a pivotal juncture in its energy development, facing significant challenges such as increasing emissions and an unreliable energy supply that hampers economic progress. This study assesses the potential for integrating diverse renewable energy (RE) sources into the CEMAC grid, specifically focusing on river hydro, dam hydropower, onshore wind, and solar photovoltaics. Using the EnergyPlan tool, we conduct a dynamic one-year simulation to model energy dispatch on monthly and hourly scales. The modelling result indicates that achieving a 100 % electricity access in the CEMAC region by 2030 will require an annual electricity demand of 8.59 TWh. If this demand is fully met by natural gas (1143 MW), it will result in about 3.75 Mt of carbon emissions. The result shows that by implementing a mix of these renewable technologies in the proposed integrated grid system, the CEMAC region could reduce its carbon emissions by up to 48.7 % relative to using a single RE source in the grid, with annual renewable electricity production of 4.19 TWh/year. Also, by maximising the RE potential from each CEMAC region, there is 49 % RE integration in the proposed integrated grid, with the highest RE share from hydro. This study quantitatively shows that the proposed synchronized regional grid incorporating these renewable sources could enhance electricity reliability and further reduce emissions in the CEMAC region. This research also highlights the transformative potential of RE in achieving sustainable and cost-effective energy solutions for CEMAC, setting a roadmap towards a resilient energy future by 2050.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101548"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2024.101583
Fengxiu Zhou , Lei Li , Huwei Wen
The synergistic development of digital transformation and carbon neutrality is a key path to global sustainable development. This study utilized the Broadband China pilot policy and a multi-period Difference-in-Differences (DID) design to comprehensively evaluate the impact of digital infrastructure on carbon neutrality using panel data from 291 prefecture-level cities in China from 2008 to 2021. The results indicate that regional digital infrastructure contributed to carbon neutralization innovation, carbon-intensive industry innovation, and carbon-emission efficiency in the pilot areas. This held true after analyzing the results with propensity score matching, coarsened exact matching, robust estimators, and instrumental variable regression. Specifically, the results of the mediation effect model indicate that digital infrastructure promotes the process of carbon neutrality through several mechanisms, including promoting the rationalization of industrial structure, promoting digital economic development, and inducing innovation in digital technology. In addition, cities with better economic development, lower resource dependence, and weaker environmental constraints have a greater carbon neutrality dividend effect from regional digital infrastructure. These findings indicate a need to optimize policies to unleash the dividends of digital infrastructure in carbon neutrality, which can drive technological, structural, and efficiency changes through digital empowerment. In addition, cities with heterogeneous endowments need to develop targeted measures.
{"title":"Regional digital infrastructure and carbon neutrality: A technology–structure–efficiency perspective","authors":"Fengxiu Zhou , Lei Li , Huwei Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synergistic development of digital transformation and carbon neutrality is a key path to global sustainable development. This study utilized the Broadband China pilot policy and a multi-period Difference-in-Differences (DID) design to comprehensively evaluate the impact of digital infrastructure on carbon neutrality using panel data from 291 prefecture-level cities in China from 2008 to 2021. The results indicate that regional digital infrastructure contributed to carbon neutralization innovation, carbon-intensive industry innovation, and carbon-emission efficiency in the pilot areas. This held true after analyzing the results with propensity score matching, coarsened exact matching, robust estimators, and instrumental variable regression. Specifically, the results of the mediation effect model indicate that digital infrastructure promotes the process of carbon neutrality through several mechanisms, including promoting the rationalization of industrial structure, promoting digital economic development, and inducing innovation in digital technology. In addition, cities with better economic development, lower resource dependence, and weaker environmental constraints have a greater carbon neutrality dividend effect from regional digital infrastructure. These findings indicate a need to optimize policies to unleash the dividends of digital infrastructure in carbon neutrality, which can drive technological, structural, and efficiency changes through digital empowerment. In addition, cities with heterogeneous endowments need to develop targeted measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101583"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rapid industrialization in recently industrialized countries (NICs) has exacerbated environmental degradation, raising urgent concerns about how energy consumption, gold prices, and fossil fuel prices contribute to this growing issue. This study aims to evaluate the asymmetric relationships between these factors and environmental degradation across 10 NICs, including Brazil, India, South Korea, Mexico, Indonesia, Turkey, Thailand, South Africa, Malaysia, and the Philippines, from 1995 to 2023. Using the CS-ARDL model, our study demonstrates that while energy costs and renewable energy consumption reduce environmental degradation, gold prices and fossil fuel consumption significantly increase ecological harm. Additionally, the study employs FGLS, CS-DL, AMG, and Driscoll-Kray to verify the robustness of these findings. Notably, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis holds true in these economies. Key results show that a 1 % increase in renewable energy use decreases emissions by 0.7 %, while a 1 % rise in gold prices correlates with a 0.5 % increase in pollution levels. These findings underscore the need for NICs to implement green investments, promote renewable energy, and initiate structural reforms to ensure sustainable development.
{"title":"Evaluating the advancement of sustainable development objectives in recently industrialized nations by tying gold prices, fossil fuel prices, and energy use","authors":"Tiancheng Xu , Chun Feng , Esmira Guluzada , Chen Chao","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid industrialization in recently industrialized countries (NICs) has exacerbated environmental degradation, raising urgent concerns about how energy consumption, gold prices, and fossil fuel prices contribute to this growing issue. This study aims to evaluate the asymmetric relationships between these factors and environmental degradation across 10 NICs, including Brazil, India, South Korea, Mexico, Indonesia, Turkey, Thailand, South Africa, Malaysia, and the Philippines, from 1995 to 2023. Using the CS-ARDL model, our study demonstrates that while energy costs and renewable energy consumption reduce environmental degradation, gold prices and fossil fuel consumption significantly increase ecological harm. Additionally, the study employs FGLS, CS-DL, AMG, and Driscoll-Kray to verify the robustness of these findings. Notably, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis holds true in these economies. Key results show that a 1 % increase in renewable energy use decreases emissions by 0.7 %, while a 1 % rise in gold prices correlates with a 0.5 % increase in pollution levels. These findings underscore the need for NICs to implement green investments, promote renewable energy, and initiate structural reforms to ensure sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101575"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2024.101580
M. Nieves Casas Ferrús , Oliver Ruhnau , Reinhard Madlener
This article investigates temporal matching requirements between electrolytic hydrogen production and dedicated renewable electricity generation for the hydrogen to qualify as “green”. In contrast to previous studies, which found that a more granular matching increases production costs, we study cost advantages for hourly matching through technological and spatial diversification. To this end, we develop and apply a linear cost-optimization model to quantify the resulting portfolio effects. We identify two types of portfolio effects, “technological” and “locational” ones, and quantify these for different portfolio sizes and types of power generation technologies in Germany. Portfolio effects turn out to be in the range of 3–8% when aggregating two locations, and up to 21 % for a nation-wide portfolio. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings in terms of discrimination against small players and for the modeling of temporal matching requirements.
{"title":"Portfolio effects in green hydrogen production under temporal matching requirements","authors":"M. Nieves Casas Ferrús , Oliver Ruhnau , Reinhard Madlener","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2024.101580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates temporal matching requirements between electrolytic hydrogen production and dedicated renewable electricity generation for the hydrogen to qualify as “green”. In contrast to previous studies, which found that a more granular matching increases production costs, we study cost advantages for hourly matching through technological and spatial diversification. To this end, we develop and apply a linear cost-optimization model to quantify the resulting portfolio effects. We identify two types of portfolio effects, “technological” and “locational” ones, and quantify these for different portfolio sizes and types of power generation technologies in Germany. Portfolio effects turn out to be in the range of 3–8% when aggregating two locations, and up to 21 % for a nation-wide portfolio. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings in terms of discrimination against small players and for the modeling of temporal matching requirements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101580"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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