Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2026.102083
Gulfaraz Anis , Naila Samar Naz , Taher M. Ghazal , Muhammad Sajid Farooq , Muhammad Saleem , Chan Yeob Yeun , Munir Ahmad , Khan Muhammad Adnan
The incorporation of modern trends and renewable power systems, coupled with smart grids, has made grid stability prediction increasingly challenging. The limitations of traditional stability prediction systems arise from dynamic power usage, along with unavoidable variations in renewable power supplies, and the models’ inability to track real-time changes. Transparency issues within traditional stability prediction systems hinder grid operators’ understanding of how predictions are formed. Transparent models play a crucial role in building trust and enabling informed decisions, but non-interpretable models pose significant problems by obscuring transparency in critical decisions. In this research, a transparent and smart Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) model is proposed to operate within this framework to address existing issues. The Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) framework is integrated to improve the interpretability of model predictions, thereby increasing the transparency of the decision-making process. In this study, grid stability is represented by the dataset label ‘’stabf’’, which classifies each energy load instance as stable or unstable, rather than simulating the physical grid or modeling its dynamics. The integration of Machine Learning (ML) with XAI techniques in the proposed model enables more efficient and transparent operations, resulting in improved predictive performance and accurate real-time predictions. Simulation results have demonstrated the outstanding performance of this proposed model, which achieves an impressive accuracy of 99.92 % and a miss-rate of 0.08 %, outperforming previously published approaches.
{"title":"Smart and transparent grid stability prediction for efficient energy management using explainable AI","authors":"Gulfaraz Anis , Naila Samar Naz , Taher M. Ghazal , Muhammad Sajid Farooq , Muhammad Saleem , Chan Yeob Yeun , Munir Ahmad , Khan Muhammad Adnan","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incorporation of modern trends and renewable power systems, coupled with smart grids, has made grid stability prediction increasingly challenging. The limitations of traditional stability prediction systems arise from dynamic power usage, along with unavoidable variations in renewable power supplies, and the models’ inability to track real-time changes. Transparency issues within traditional stability prediction systems hinder grid operators’ understanding of how predictions are formed. Transparent models play a crucial role in building trust and enabling informed decisions, but non-interpretable models pose significant problems by obscuring transparency in critical decisions. In this research, a transparent and smart Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) model is proposed to operate within this framework to address existing issues. The Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) framework is integrated to improve the interpretability of model predictions, thereby increasing the transparency of the decision-making process. In this study, grid stability is represented by the dataset label ‘’stabf’’, which classifies each energy load instance as stable or unstable, rather than simulating the physical grid or modeling its dynamics. The integration of Machine Learning (ML) with XAI techniques in the proposed model enables more efficient and transparent operations, resulting in improved predictive performance and accurate real-time predictions. Simulation results have demonstrated the outstanding performance of this proposed model, which achieves an impressive accuracy of 99.92 % and a miss-rate of 0.08 %, outperforming previously published approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102083"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2026.102074
George N. Apostolakis
Fluctuations in oil prices transmit greater uncertainty in financial markets depending on the current market conditions or the direction of price movement. We employ nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag (NARDL) and Markov switching regression autoregressive conditionally heteroskedastic (MSWARCH) models to examine the effects of the asymmetric transmission of oil price innovations on financial stress in a sample of oil-importing economies. The analysis results demonstrate the important roles of the demand side and risk in shaping financial system stability. In particular, the results from the NARDL model indicated a greater negative impact of oil demand shocks on financial stress than a smaller positive effect of oil risk shocks. The results from the NARDL model and the cumulative dynamic multipliers reveal asymmetric effects of oil price shocks of different origins in the short term. More specifically, we find evidence of short-run asymmetries after an oil risk shock for China and the Euro Area and after an oil demand shock for the U.S. and the UK. The results from the MSWARCH approach indicate a significant impact on financial stress after oil demand and oil risk shocks for numerous economies without confirming any asymmetric effects. Our findings are important to investors for portfolio diversification purposes and to policymakers responsible for monitoring and ensuring the stability of the financial system.
{"title":"Asymmetric effects of oil price fluctuations on financial stress","authors":"George N. Apostolakis","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluctuations in oil prices transmit greater uncertainty in financial markets depending on the current market conditions or the direction of price movement. We employ nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag (NARDL) and Markov switching regression autoregressive conditionally heteroskedastic (MSWARCH) models to examine the effects of the asymmetric transmission of oil price innovations on financial stress in a sample of oil-importing economies. The analysis results demonstrate the important roles of the demand side and risk in shaping financial system stability. In particular, the results from the NARDL model indicated a greater negative impact of oil demand shocks on financial stress than a smaller positive effect of oil risk shocks. The results from the NARDL model and the cumulative dynamic multipliers reveal asymmetric effects of oil price shocks of different origins in the short term. More specifically, we find evidence of short-run asymmetries after an oil risk shock for China and the Euro Area and after an oil demand shock for the U.S. and the UK. The results from the MSWARCH approach indicate a significant impact on financial stress after oil demand and oil risk shocks for numerous economies without confirming any asymmetric effects. Our findings are important to investors for portfolio diversification purposes and to policymakers responsible for monitoring and ensuring the stability of the financial system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102074"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2026.102064
Siddharth Kulkarni, Keru Duan, Gu Pang, Ahmad Bhatti
This paper aims to present a timely review of recent developments and perspectives on Lithium-Ion Battery (LIB) technologies regarding sustainable development, electrochemical efficiency, and machine learning models for forecasting the availability of services such as vehicle-to-home. The paper argues that the world is increasingly demanding sustainable, reliable energy sources because current sources are unstable and fossil-fuel-dependent. Research shows that 85 % or more of the world's energy comes from non-renewable sources, including natural gas, coal, and oil, underscoring the world's persistent reliance on fossil fuels. This study conducts a literature review on recent advances in sustainable LIB development, emphasising emerging chemical technologies, novel energy materials, and innovations in battery manufacturing. Findings indicate a growing demand for LIBs driven by environmental sustainability goals. However, LIB production was constrained by resource scarcity and rising manufacturing costs. To address these issues, researchers are exploring next-generation chemistries, improved material design, and enhanced recycling processes. Additionally, advancements in machine learning and battery-material characterisation are essential to meet evolving consumer demands, including for vehicle-to-home applications.
{"title":"Recent advancements and perspectives in lithium-ion battery technology","authors":"Siddharth Kulkarni, Keru Duan, Gu Pang, Ahmad Bhatti","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper aims to present a timely review of recent developments and perspectives on Lithium-Ion Battery (LIB) technologies regarding sustainable development, electrochemical efficiency, and machine learning models for forecasting the availability of services such as vehicle-to-home. The paper argues that the world is increasingly demanding sustainable, reliable energy sources because current sources are unstable and fossil-fuel-dependent. Research shows that 85 % or more of the world's energy comes from non-renewable sources, including natural gas, coal, and oil, underscoring the world's persistent reliance on fossil fuels. This study conducts a literature review on recent advances in sustainable LIB development, emphasising emerging chemical technologies, novel energy materials, and innovations in battery manufacturing. Findings indicate a growing demand for LIBs driven by environmental sustainability goals. However, LIB production was constrained by resource scarcity and rising manufacturing costs. To address these issues, researchers are exploring next-generation chemistries, improved material design, and enhanced recycling processes. Additionally, advancements in machine learning and battery-material characterisation are essential to meet evolving consumer demands, including for vehicle-to-home applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102064"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2026.102069
Turgut Yokuş, Ahmet Ay, Nihal Yokuş
Over the past fifty years, numerous energy price crises and energy price crashes have occurred worldwide, defined as cases exceeding two standard deviations (large increases or decreases) from the mean of the Energy Market Pressure Index, which is constructed from energy prices and U.S. inflation. These crises and crashes have caused numerous economic, political, military, social, and environmental issues in countries, depending on their energy import-export structures. The objective of this study is to develop an Early Warning System model that provides sufficient time for preventive measures before energy crises and crashes occur. The 14-variable model, created using Multinomial Logistic Regression analysis and based on monthly data from January 1973 to December 2023, provides the ability to predict the probabilistic changes of crisis or crash cases on a monthly basis from month 1 to month 6, using lagged variable values, and thus enables forecasting of potential crises or crashes in the upcoming 6th month. The empirical results of the model show that these cases are determined by indicators related to energy supply-demand imbalances, economic and financial disruptions, energy investments (drilling activities), and geopolitical risks and expectations. Furthermore, the model is able to predict energy trends (non-crisis/crash months) with 99.5 % accuracy, crises with 75 %, crashes with 60 %, and all cases overall with 98.3 % accuracy. In conclusion, this model, which can anticipate energy crises and crashes in advance, offers a practical and effective tool for governments, energy market actors, and analysts to use in policy development, investment planning, and risk management.
{"title":"Energy price crisis and crash early warning system","authors":"Turgut Yokuş, Ahmet Ay, Nihal Yokuş","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past fifty years, numerous energy price crises and energy price crashes have occurred worldwide, defined as cases exceeding two standard deviations (large increases or decreases) from the mean of the Energy Market Pressure Index, which is constructed from energy prices and U.S. inflation. These crises and crashes have caused numerous economic, political, military, social, and environmental issues in countries, depending on their energy import-export structures. The objective of this study is to develop an Early Warning System model that provides sufficient time for preventive measures before energy crises and crashes occur. The 14-variable model, created using Multinomial Logistic Regression analysis and based on monthly data from January 1973 to December 2023, provides the ability to predict the probabilistic changes of crisis or crash cases on a monthly basis from month 1 to month 6, using lagged variable values, and thus enables forecasting of potential crises or crashes in the upcoming 6th month. The empirical results of the model show that these cases are determined by indicators related to energy supply-demand imbalances, economic and financial disruptions, energy investments (drilling activities), and geopolitical risks and expectations. Furthermore, the model is able to predict energy trends (non-crisis/crash months) with 99.5 % accuracy, crises with 75 %, crashes with 60 %, and all cases overall with 98.3 % accuracy. In conclusion, this model, which can anticipate energy crises and crashes in advance, offers a practical and effective tool for governments, energy market actors, and analysts to use in policy development, investment planning, and risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102069"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2026.102056
Mohammed Musah , Isaac Adjei Mensah , Thomas Appiah , Kwadwo Boateng Prempeh , Gertrude Amoakohene
Türkiye's rapid economic development has heightened environmental degradation, underscoring the need for a green energy transition supported by sustainable financial innovation. This study investigates how financial innovation moderates the relationship between green energy and environmental quality in Türkiye from 1996 to 2021. A multidimensional environmental pressure index, capturing CO2 damage, energy depletion, forest depletion, mineral depletion, and particulate emission damage, is developed to measure environmental degradation. Using the Kernel Regularized Least Squares (KRLS) machine learning approach, the results show that green energy significantly reduces environmental pressure, advancing Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 13. In contrast, financial innovation intensifies environmental pressure, while its interaction with green energy weakens the latter's environmental benefits. Foreign direct investment has no significant effect. These findings highlight the dual role of financial innovation as both an enabler and a constraint on environmental sustainability. Policymakers should therefore embed environmental safeguards within financial innovation frameworks, expand green finance instruments, and align financial sector development with Türkiye's low-carbon transition goals. The study contributes to ecological modernization theory and the finance–environment nexus by offering novel evidence from an emerging economy.
{"title":"Breaking the pollution cycle: Green energy transition, financial innovation, and climate resilience in Türkiye","authors":"Mohammed Musah , Isaac Adjei Mensah , Thomas Appiah , Kwadwo Boateng Prempeh , Gertrude Amoakohene","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Türkiye's rapid economic development has heightened environmental degradation, underscoring the need for a green energy transition supported by sustainable financial innovation. This study investigates how financial innovation moderates the relationship between green energy and environmental quality in Türkiye from 1996 to 2021. A multidimensional environmental pressure index, capturing CO<sub>2</sub> damage, energy depletion, forest depletion, mineral depletion, and particulate emission damage, is developed to measure environmental degradation. Using the Kernel Regularized Least Squares (KRLS) machine learning approach, the results show that green energy significantly reduces environmental pressure, advancing Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 13. In contrast, financial innovation intensifies environmental pressure, while its interaction with green energy weakens the latter's environmental benefits. Foreign direct investment has no significant effect. These findings highlight the dual role of financial innovation as both an enabler and a constraint on environmental sustainability. Policymakers should therefore embed environmental safeguards within financial innovation frameworks, expand green finance instruments, and align financial sector development with Türkiye's low-carbon transition goals. The study contributes to ecological modernization theory and the finance–environment nexus by offering novel evidence from an emerging economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102056"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2026.102080
Le Thanh Ha
The development of responsible AI shows how technological progress interacts with evolving energy governance frameworks. Our research employs time-varying parameter structural vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) with a stochastic volatility model to analyze the correlation between responsible AI and energy uncertainty spanning from November 2018 to November 2023. Our findings show that the stochastic volatility of responsible AI, S&P 500, and oil volatility were positive and stable in the whole period. The result of energy uncertainty is much larger than the other, indicating that it is highly sensitive to external shocks and must be adapted flexibly according to the evolving context. In the 4-period ahead, impulse responses of responsible AI to energy uncertainty and oil volatility were opposite in the 1-period ahead. Impulse responses of responsible AI to energy uncertainty declined sharply into negative territory in early 2020 and late 2022, reaching their lowest point near early 2023. With responsible AI shocks, impulse responses of energy uncertainty peaked sharply around early 2021 and again near mid-2022 before dropping steeply to its lowest point in early 2023. In the short term, Responsible AI has limited influence on reducing energy uncertainty, but in the long run, it strengthens system resilience and sustainability through improved data governance, adaptive learning, and ethical integration.
{"title":"A time-varying analysis of the responsible AI and energy crisis link: Fresh findings from TVP-VAR-SV","authors":"Le Thanh Ha","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of responsible AI shows how technological progress interacts with evolving energy governance frameworks. Our research employs time-varying parameter structural vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) with a stochastic volatility model to analyze the correlation between responsible AI and energy uncertainty spanning from November 2018 to November 2023. Our findings show that the stochastic volatility of responsible AI, S&P 500, and oil volatility were positive and stable in the whole period. The result of energy uncertainty is much larger than the other, indicating that it is highly sensitive to external shocks and must be adapted flexibly according to the evolving context. In the 4-period ahead, impulse responses of responsible AI to energy uncertainty and oil volatility were opposite in the 1-period ahead. Impulse responses of responsible AI to energy uncertainty declined sharply into negative territory in early 2020 and late 2022, reaching their lowest point near early 2023. With responsible AI shocks, impulse responses of energy uncertainty peaked sharply around early 2021 and again near mid-2022 before dropping steeply to its lowest point in early 2023. In the short term, Responsible AI has limited influence on reducing energy uncertainty, but in the long run, it strengthens system resilience and sustainability through improved data governance, adaptive learning, and ethical integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102080"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2026.102057
Bassem Kahouli , Basma Hamdi , Kamel Miled
Resource depletion and environmental risks are more than ever at the heart of societal and economic debates. Renewable energy and new technologies are emerging as solutions for environmental sustainability. Following the STIRPAT model, this study aims to evaluate the interplay between renewable energy consumption (henceforth, REC), agriculture, clean technologies, natural resources rents (NRR), and environmental sustainability. We analyzed two perspectives on the role of clean technologies: unconditional (single) and conditional (interaction with REC). The main value of this research is that it adds to the expanding body of knowledge on the subject. The dataset of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) from 1990 to 2021 is used to achieve this purpose. Driven by the KSA’s need for sustainable practices, this study uses a strong empirical analysis to investigate both short- and long-term links between these variables, involving time series data analysis, unit root tests, bounds tests for cointegration, and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) analysis. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is used to check the direction of causality. This work closes a gap in existing research by combining these variables in a novel way, offering empirical proof of their collective impact on environmental sustainability. The empirical finding reveals a strong link between REC and environmental sustainability indicators. This study presents original empirical proof and policy suggestions for KSA decision-makers that enhancing clean technologies can be a valuable strategy to support renewable energy and reduce dependence on natural resources; this will help enhance environmental sustainability. Consequently, the KSA policymakers must take action to expand investments in clean technologies and renewable energy.
{"title":"Exploring the interplay between renewable energy, agriculture, clean technologies, natural resources, and environmental sustainability","authors":"Bassem Kahouli , Basma Hamdi , Kamel Miled","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resource depletion and environmental risks are more than ever at the heart of societal and economic debates. Renewable energy and new technologies are emerging as solutions for environmental sustainability. Following the STIRPAT model, this study aims to evaluate the interplay between renewable energy consumption (henceforth, REC), agriculture, clean technologies, natural resources rents (NRR), and environmental sustainability. We analyzed two perspectives on the role of clean technologies: unconditional (single) and conditional (interaction with REC). The main value of this research is that it adds to the expanding body of knowledge on the subject. The dataset of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) from 1990 to 2021 is used to achieve this purpose. Driven by the KSA’s need for sustainable practices, this study uses a strong empirical analysis to investigate both short- and long-term links between these variables, involving time series data analysis, unit root tests, bounds tests for cointegration, and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) analysis. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is used to check the direction of causality. This work closes a gap in existing research by combining these variables in a novel way, offering empirical proof of their collective impact on environmental sustainability. The empirical finding reveals a strong link between REC and environmental sustainability indicators. This study presents original empirical proof and policy suggestions for KSA decision-makers that enhancing clean technologies can be a valuable strategy to support renewable energy and reduce dependence on natural resources; this will help enhance environmental sustainability. Consequently, the KSA policymakers must take action to expand investments in clean technologies and renewable energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102057"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146015858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2026.102050
Rahul Prasad Singh , Prince Kumar Singh , Indrajeet Kumar , Manish Kumar , Vivek Kumar Gaur , Amit Kaushik , Aditi Arya , Mahaswetta Saikia , Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos , Ajay Kumar , Laurent Dufossé
Microalgal bioenergy shows great potential for meeting global energy needs but faces economic limits due to low biofuel precursor yields. Optimizing microalgal biomass and lipid accumulation is vital for sustainable bioenergy production; however, the trade-off between growth and lipid synthesis remains a major challenge. Therefore, this review examines the integration of genetic engineering and artificial intelligence (AI) strategies to address these challenges within a circular bioeconomy framework aimed at maximizing the bioenergy potential of microalgae. Key advancements in genetic transformation approaches targeting lipid biosynthetic pathways and associated enzymes [acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), malonyl-CoA ACP transacylase (MAT), acyl-ACP thioesterase (TE), glycerol phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)] are discussed in detail to enhance lipid productivity. Furthermore, strategies to remove stumbling blocks such as suppressing carbohydrate biosynthesis, inhibiting lipid degradation, and modulating acetyl-CoA pathways along with photosynthetic engineering (reduction of antenna size and manipulation of Calvin cycle) approaches were explored to more effectively channel carbon flux toward lipid biosynthesis. The review also examines lipid engineering approaches aimed at modifying fatty acid composition and enhancing lipid secretion, along with the manipulation of lipogenic transcription factors (Dof-type, bZIP, NRR, and MYB) to facilitate transcriptomic reprogramming. Additionally, AI algorithms have been introduced for their potential to optimize biorefinery systems by enhancing microalgal species selection, biomass harvesting, and the optimization of cultivation and biorefinery conversion processes, while simultaneously minimizing operational costs, risks, and environmental impacts. Thus, this review highlights the potential of genetic engineering and AI in microalgae to enhance bioenergy precursors, thereby advancing sustainable biofuel production within a circular bioeconomy framework for future development.
{"title":"Sustainable bioenergy from microalgal lipid remodeling: An AI and genetic engineering approach for the circular economy","authors":"Rahul Prasad Singh , Prince Kumar Singh , Indrajeet Kumar , Manish Kumar , Vivek Kumar Gaur , Amit Kaushik , Aditi Arya , Mahaswetta Saikia , Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos , Ajay Kumar , Laurent Dufossé","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microalgal bioenergy shows great potential for meeting global energy needs but faces economic limits due to low biofuel precursor yields. Optimizing microalgal biomass and lipid accumulation is vital for sustainable bioenergy production; however, the trade-off between growth and lipid synthesis remains a major challenge. Therefore, this review examines the integration of genetic engineering and artificial intelligence (AI) strategies to address these challenges within a circular bioeconomy framework aimed at maximizing the bioenergy potential of microalgae. Key advancements in genetic transformation approaches targeting lipid biosynthetic pathways and associated enzymes [acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), malonyl-CoA ACP transacylase (MAT), acyl-ACP thioesterase (TE), glycerol phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)] are discussed in detail to enhance lipid productivity. Furthermore, strategies to remove stumbling blocks such as suppressing carbohydrate biosynthesis, inhibiting lipid degradation, and modulating acetyl-CoA pathways along with photosynthetic engineering (reduction of antenna size and manipulation of Calvin cycle) approaches were explored to more effectively channel carbon flux toward lipid biosynthesis. The review also examines lipid engineering approaches aimed at modifying fatty acid composition and enhancing lipid secretion, along with the manipulation of lipogenic transcription factors (Dof-type, bZIP, NRR, and MYB) to facilitate transcriptomic reprogramming. Additionally, AI algorithms have been introduced for their potential to optimize biorefinery systems by enhancing microalgal species selection, biomass harvesting, and the optimization of cultivation and biorefinery conversion processes, while simultaneously minimizing operational costs, risks, and environmental impacts. Thus, this review highlights the potential of genetic engineering and AI in microalgae to enhance bioenergy precursors, thereby advancing sustainable biofuel production within a circular bioeconomy framework for future development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102050"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2026.102059
Serhat Yüksel , Serkan Eti , Hasan Dinçer , Orhan Özaydın , Hakan Yıldız
Energy poverty has emerged as a multidimensional challenge encompassing social, economic, and environmental dimensions, requiring decision frameworks capable of handling complexity, uncertainty, and heterogeneous stakeholder judgments. Although the literature offers numerous policy instruments to address energy poverty, there is limited methodological consensus on how such strategies should be systematically prioritized under uncertainty. This study addresses this gap by proposing a novel fractal fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making framework grounded in environmental, social, and governance dimensions. The primary contribution of the study lies in the development and integration of fractal fuzzy sets with an expert weighting system, entropy-based criterion weighting, and MARCOS-based strategy ranking, complemented by ARAS-based robustness analysis. An illustrative case application based on a limited expert panel is employed as a proof-of-concept to demonstrate how the proposed framework operates and translates expert judgments into structured prioritization outcomes. The numerical results are presented to showcase the internal consistency, stability, and interpretability of the method rather than to provide context-independent policy prescriptions. Overall, the proposed framework offers a flexible and transparent methodological tool that can be adapted to different geographical, institutional, and policy contexts for evaluating energy poverty alleviation strategies under uncertainty.
{"title":"A novel fractal fuzzy decision-making model for ESG-based prioritization of energy poverty alleviation strategies","authors":"Serhat Yüksel , Serkan Eti , Hasan Dinçer , Orhan Özaydın , Hakan Yıldız","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2026.102059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy poverty has emerged as a multidimensional challenge encompassing social, economic, and environmental dimensions, requiring decision frameworks capable of handling complexity, uncertainty, and heterogeneous stakeholder judgments. Although the literature offers numerous policy instruments to address energy poverty, there is limited methodological consensus on how such strategies should be systematically prioritized under uncertainty. This study addresses this gap by proposing a novel fractal fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making framework grounded in environmental, social, and governance dimensions. The primary contribution of the study lies in the development and integration of fractal fuzzy sets with an expert weighting system, entropy-based criterion weighting, and MARCOS-based strategy ranking, complemented by ARAS-based robustness analysis. An illustrative case application based on a limited expert panel is employed as a proof-of-concept to demonstrate how the proposed framework operates and translates expert judgments into structured prioritization outcomes. The numerical results are presented to showcase the internal consistency, stability, and interpretability of the method rather than to provide context-independent policy prescriptions. Overall, the proposed framework offers a flexible and transparent methodological tool that can be adapted to different geographical, institutional, and policy contexts for evaluating energy poverty alleviation strategies under uncertainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 102059"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2025.102019
Jinhan Chen , Fengtao Guang
As the combination of digital technology and traditional inclusive finance, digital inclusive finance has displayed the huge potential to promote green low-carbon energy transition. Although theoretically, digital inclusive finance can contribute to achieving this goal, its practical effects and influential mechanisms need to be evaluated and elucidated. This paper aims to investigate the impact of digital inclusive finance on green low-carbon energy transition, exploring its heterogeneity characteristics in different dimensions and clarifying the underlying mechanism of their relationship. We mainly obtain the following findings: Firstly, digital inclusive finance exerts a positive impact on green low-carbon energy transition. This finding remains robust after a series of checks including changing the estimation method, replacing the measurement of key variables, eliminating potential policy disturbances and adding a lag term. Secondly, there are two channels through which digital inclusive finance promotes green low-carbon transition: technological innovation and government intervention. Thirdly, there is regional heterogeneity, path heterogeneity, and policy heterogeneity in the impact of digital inclusive finance. These findings provide a novel perspective for the improvement of green low-carbon energy transition efficiency and a reference for the government to formulate policies aiming at promoting digital inclusive finance.
{"title":"The impact of digital inclusive finance on Green low-carbon energy transition: Evidence from China","authors":"Jinhan Chen , Fengtao Guang","doi":"10.1016/j.esr.2025.102019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esr.2025.102019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the combination of digital technology and traditional inclusive finance, digital inclusive finance has displayed the huge potential to promote green low-carbon energy transition. Although theoretically, digital inclusive finance can contribute to achieving this goal, its practical effects and influential mechanisms need to be evaluated and elucidated. This paper aims to investigate the impact of digital inclusive finance on green low-carbon energy transition, exploring its heterogeneity characteristics in different dimensions and clarifying the underlying mechanism of their relationship. We mainly obtain the following findings: Firstly, digital inclusive finance exerts a positive impact on green low-carbon energy transition. This finding remains robust after a series of checks including changing the estimation method, replacing the measurement of key variables, eliminating potential policy disturbances and adding a lag term. Secondly, there are two channels through which digital inclusive finance promotes green low-carbon transition: technological innovation and government intervention. Thirdly, there is regional heterogeneity, path heterogeneity, and policy heterogeneity in the impact of digital inclusive finance. These findings provide a novel perspective for the improvement of green low-carbon energy transition efficiency and a reference for the government to formulate policies aiming at promoting digital inclusive finance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11546,"journal":{"name":"Energy Strategy Reviews","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 102019"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145921497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}