Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica最新文献

英文中文

Caso confirmado de sarampión en vacunada: papel de la determinación de avidez de IgG específica 接种过疫苗的妇女确诊麻疹病例：特异性 IgG 反应试验的作用

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2024.05.005

Marta Pérez-Abeledo , Fernando Martín , Susana Jiménez , Juan Carlos Sanz

引用次数: 0

Are these lesions contagious? 这些病变会传染吗？

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2024.01.004

引用次数: 0

Análisis de los motivos de solicitud de serología del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) en urgencias diferentes a los definidos en la estrategia de detección dirigida del programa «Urgències VIHgila» y su potencial inclusión en un futuro documento de consenso 分析急诊科要求进行人体免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）血清学检查的原因（"Urgències VIHgila "计划的目标筛查策略中定义的原因除外），以及将其纳入未来共识文件的可能性。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2023.12.012

Objective

To describe other reasons for requesting HIV serology in emergency departments (ED) other than the six defined in the SEMES-GESIDA consensus document (DC-SEMES-GESIDA) and to analyze whether it would be efficient to include any of them in the future.

Method

Review of all HIV serologies performed during 2 years in 20 Catalan EDs. Serologies requested for reasons not defined by the DC-SEMES-GESIDA were grouped by common conditions, the prevalence (95% CI) of seropositivity for each condition was calculated, and those whose 95% confidence lower limit was > 0.1% were considered efficient. Sensitivity analysis considered that serology would have been performed on 20% of cases attended and the remaining 80% would have been seronegative.

Results

There were 8044 serologies performed for 248 conditions not recommended by DC-SEMES-GESIDA, in 17 there were seropositive, and in 12 the performance of HIV serology would be efficient. The highest prevalence of detection corresponded to patients from countries with high HIV prevalence (7.41%, 0.91–24.3), lymphopenia (4.76%, 0.12–23.8), plateletopenia (4.37%, 1.20–10.9), adenopathy (3.45%, 0.42–11.9), meningoencephalitis (3.12%, 0.38–10.8) and drug use (2.50%, 0.68–6.28). Sensitivity analysis confirmed efficiency in 6 of them: country with high HIV prevalence origin, plateletopenia, drug abuse, toxic syndrome, behavioral-confusional disorder-agitation and fever of unknown origin.

Conclusion

The DC-SEMES-GESIDA targeted HIV screening strategy in the ED could efficiently include other circumstances not previously considered; the most cost-effective would be origin from a country with high HIV prevalence, plateletopenia, drug abuse, toxic syndrome, behavioral-confusional-agitation disorder and fever of unknown origin.

方法对加泰罗尼亚地区 20 家急诊科两年内进行的所有 HIV 血清学检查进行回顾。因 DC-SEMES-GESIDA 未定义的原因而要求进行的血清学检查按常见疾病分组，计算每种疾病的血清阳性率（95% CI），95% CI 的下限为 0.1% 的血清阳性率被认为是有效的。敏感性分析认为，只有 20% 的就诊病例进行了血清学检查，其余 80% 的病例血清学结果为阴性。结果248 种未被 DC-SEMES-GESIDA 推荐的病症共进行了 8044 次血清学检查，其中 17 种病症的血清学结果为阳性，12 种病症的 HIV 血清学检查有效。检出率最高的是来自艾滋病高发国家（7.41%，0.91-24.3）、淋巴细胞减少症（4.76%，0.12-23.8）、血小板减少症（4.37%，1.20-10.9）、腺病（3.45%，0.42-11.9）、脑膜脑炎（3.12%，0.38-10.8）和吸毒（2.50%，0.68-6.28）的患者。敏感性分析证实了其中 6 项的有效率：来自艾滋病高发国家、血小板减少症、药物滥用、中毒综合征、行为-迷惑-激动障碍和不明原因发热。结论：DC-SEMES-GESIDA 针对急诊室的 HIV 筛查策略可以有效地纳入之前未考虑的其他情况；最具成本效益的情况是来自 HIV 感染率高的国家、血小板减少症、药物滥用、中毒综合征、行为紊乱-迷惑-激动和不明原因的发热。

{"title":"Análisis de los motivos de solicitud de serología del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) en urgencias diferentes a los definidos en la estrategia de detección dirigida del programa «Urgències VIHgila» y su potencial inclusión en un futuro documento de consenso","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe other reasons for requesting HIV serology in emergency departments (ED) other than the six defined in the SEMES-GESIDA consensus document (DC-SEMES-GESIDA) and to analyze whether it would be efficient to include any of them in the future.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Review of all HIV serologies performed during 2 years in 20 Catalan EDs. Serologies requested for reasons not defined by the DC-SEMES-GESIDA were grouped by common conditions, the prevalence (95% <span>C</span>I) of seropositivity for each condition was calculated, and those whose 95% confidence lower limit was > 0.1% were considered efficient. Sensitivity analysis considered that serology would have been performed on 20% of cases attended and the remaining 80% would have been seronegative.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 8044 serologies performed for 248 conditions not recommended by DC-SEMES-GESIDA, in 17 there were seropositive, and in 12 the performance of HIV serology would be efficient. The highest prevalence of detection corresponded to patients from countries with high HIV prevalence (7.41%, 0.91–24.3), lymphopenia (4.76%, 0.12–23.8), plateletopenia (4.37%, 1.20–10.9), adenopathy (3.45%, 0.42–11.9), meningoencephalitis (3.12%, 0.38–10.8) and drug use (2.50%, 0.68–6.28). Sensitivity analysis confirmed efficiency in 6 of them: country with high HIV prevalence origin, plateletopenia, drug abuse, toxic syndrome, behavioral-confusional disorder-agitation and fever of unknown origin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The DC-SEMES-GESIDA targeted HIV screening strategy in the ED could efficiently include other circumstances not previously considered; the most cost-effective would be origin from a country with high HIV prevalence, plateletopenia, drug abuse, toxic syndrome, behavioral-confusional-agitation disorder and fever of unknown origin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 9","pages":"Pages 492-500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139561772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bacteriemia por Desulfovibrio porci. Nuevo patógeno anaerobio asociado a enterocolitis infecciosa 孔氏脱硫弧菌菌血症。与传染性小肠结肠炎有关的新型厌氧病原体。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2024.05.004

José María Saavedra Martín , María José Medina Pascual , Sylvia Valdezate Ramos , Francisco Franco Álvarez de Luna

引用次数: 0

Caracterización de las infecciones de herida entre pacientes procedentes de la guerra ruso-ucraniana en un hospital Role 4 一家医院的俄乌战争伤员伤口感染特征 Role 4

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2024.04.004

Introduction

The management of infections in war wounds is a problem aggravated by the presence of multiresistant bacteria and requires a combined approach with surgery. Literature has identified the risks and patterns of antibiotic resistance in previous armed conflicts, but the Russian-Ukrainian conflict has required the study of specific bacterial resistance patterns.

Methods

We included war-injured patients from the Russian-Ukrainian conflict transferred for treatment to the General Defense Hospital of Zaragoza from May 2022 to October 2023. Epidemiological data, factors related to the injury, presence of infection and microbiological results were collected. These data were subsequently analyzed statistically.

Results

Fifty-three patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 35.6 years; 83% were injured by an explosive mechanism and all received antibiotic therapy prior to transfer. Seventeen patients had skin, soft tissue or joint infection. Correlation was demonstrated with the presence of bone lesion (P = .03), skin coverage defect (P = .000) and presence of foreign bodies (P = .006). Nine patients had monomicrobial cultures, and the most frequently isolated microorganisms were Gram negative bacilli (GNB) and Staphylococcus aureus. Virtually all GNB presented some resistance mechanism.

Conclusion

Our work shows the correlation of war wound infection with the presence of foreign bodies and affected tissues. Likewise, the presence of polymicrobial wounds is emphasized, with a predominance of GNB and multidrug-resistant S. aureus.

导言：由于存在多重耐药细菌，战伤感染的治疗问题更加严重，需要与外科手术相结合。文献已确定了以往武装冲突中抗生素耐药性的风险和模式，但俄乌冲突需要研究特定细菌的耐药性模式。我们收集了流行病学数据、受伤相关因素、感染情况和微生物学结果。结果研究共纳入 53 名患者，平均年龄为 35.6 岁；83% 的患者因爆炸装置受伤，所有患者在转院前均接受了抗生素治疗。17名患者有皮肤、软组织或关节感染。感染与骨损伤（P = 0.03）、皮肤覆盖缺损（P = 0.000）和异物（P = 0.006）存在相关性。九名患者进行了单菌培养，最常分离出的微生物是革兰氏阴性杆菌（GNB）和金黄色葡萄球菌。我们的研究表明，战伤感染与异物和受影响组织的存在有关。同样，我们还强调了伤口多微生物的存在，其中主要是革兰氏阴性杆菌和耐多药的金黄色葡萄球菌。

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引用次数: 0

Intolerancia a vía oral: nuevo escenario para la terapia antirretroviral parenteral 口服不耐受：肠外抗逆转录病毒疗法的新情况

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2024.06.005

Sergio Ferra Murcia , Ana Belén Lozano Serrano , Marta Segura Díaz , Antonio Ramón Collado Romacho

引用次数: 0

Prevalencia y características clínico-epidemiológicas de la hepatitis crónica por el virus de la hepatitis delta en la isla de Gran Canaria 大加那利岛慢性乙型肝炎病毒性肝炎的发病率和临床流行病学特征。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2024.06.008

Goretti Redondo Betancor , Melisa Hernández Febles , Raquel Zaragozá González , Rafael Granados Monzón , Ildefonso Quiñones Morales , Adolfo de Salazar , Federico García García , María José Pena López

Objective

The objective of this study was to know the prevalence and clinical-epidemiological characteristics of patients with chronic infection due to hepatitis D virus (HDV).

Patients and methods

A retrospective descriptive study was carried out on patients with HDV infection under follow-up in a hospital in 2023. All patients carrying HBsAg were tested for antibodies against HDV. HDV RNA detection was performed in all antibody-positive samples. The medical records were reviewed.

Results

Of the 340 patients carrying HBsAg, 24 (7.1%) had anti-HDV antibodies, and 6 (25%) had detectable HDV RNA (chronic infection). The prevalence of chronic hepatitis in HBsAg carriers was 1.8%. All patients had a genotype 1 infection. Half of the patients were of African origin and 29.2% were Spanish. Of the 6 patients with chronic infection, 5 (83.3%) had cirrhosis and 2 (33.3%) had hepatocellular carcinoma. Half of the patients had some exacerbation of the disease during follow-up. Of the 18 patients without viremia, 2 (11.1%) presented cirrhosis (one recently diagnosed). The mean follow-up time of patients without viremia was 13.5 years.

Conclusions

The prevalence of chronic HDV hepatitis in our area is low and in all cases it presents as an advanced disease, with exacerbations during follow-up. Patients without viremia have probably resolved the infection, as viremia was not detected in any moment.

本研究旨在了解丁型肝炎病毒（HDV）慢性感染患者的患病率和临床流行病学特征。患者和方法对 2023 年在一家医院接受随访的 HDV 感染患者进行了回顾性描述性研究。对所有携带 HBsAg 的患者进行了 HDV 抗体检测。对所有抗体阳性样本进行了 HDV RNA 检测。结果在 340 名携带 HBsAg 的患者中，24 人（7.1%）有抗 HDV 抗体，6 人（25%）检测到 HDV RNA（慢性感染）。HBsAg 携带者中慢性肝炎的发病率为 1.8%。所有患者均为基因型 1 感染。半数患者为非洲裔，29.2%为西班牙裔。在 6 名慢性感染患者中，5 人（83.3%）患有肝硬化，2 人（33.3%）患有肝细胞癌。半数患者在随访期间病情有所加重。在 18 名无病毒感染的患者中，有 2 人（11.1%）患有肝硬化（其中一人最近确诊）。无病毒血症患者的平均随访时间为 13.5 年。结论慢性 HDV 肝炎在我们地区的发病率较低，所有病例均为晚期，随访期间病情加重。没有病毒血症的患者很可能已经摆脱了感染，因为在任何时候都没有检测到病毒血症。

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引用次数: 0

Resultados de la encuesta nacional de REIV-TOXO sobre el cribado gestacional de la toxoplasmosis en España 西班牙 REIV-TOXO 全国妊娠弓形虫病筛查调查结果

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2023.08.004

Introduction

Currently, the status of serological screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Spain is unknown, and there is no official recommendation. The objective of this study is to show the current practice of gestational screening for toxoplasmosis in hospitals belonging to the Spanish Network for Research on Congenital Toxoplasmosis (REIV-TOXO).

Methods

An electronic survey was sent between April 2021 and September 2021 to investigators from 118 hospitals of REIV-TOXO, representing all Spanish regions. Nine items related to gestational screening for toxoplasmosis were collected. This information was compared with cases of congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) identified in REIV-TOXO to determine if these were diagnosed in the presence of gestational screening.

Results

During the study period, serological screening was performed in 53.3% (63/118) hospitals, with variations between regions and even among hospitals within the same region. Testing performed in each trimester was the most common practice (57.7%), followed by a single determination (24.4%). 89.4% of CT cases between January 2015 and September 2021 were diagnosed due to gestational screening.

Conclusion

The decision to perform gestational screening for toxoplasmosis in Spain is highly heterogeneous, with significant local and regional differences. Despite this, screening still allows the diagnosis of most CT cases. It is urgent to have current epidemiological data to inform decision-making in public health.

导言：目前，西班牙孕妇弓形虫血清学筛查的情况尚不清楚，也没有官方建议。本研究旨在介绍西班牙先天性弓形虫病研究网络（REIV-TOXO）下属医院目前开展的妊娠期弓形虫病筛查工作。方法：在 2021 年 4 月至 2021 年 9 月期间，我们向代表西班牙所有地区的 118 家 REIV-TOXO 医院的调查人员发送了一份电子调查问卷。调查收集了与妊娠弓形虫筛查相关的九个项目。这些信息与 REIV-TOXO 发现的先天性弓形虫病（CT）病例进行了比较，以确定这些病例是否在妊娠筛查中被确诊。结果在研究期间，53.3%（63/118）的医院进行了血清学筛查，不同地区之间甚至同一地区不同医院之间都存在差异。在每个孕期进行检测是最常见的做法（57.7%），其次是一次性检测（24.4%）。2015年1月至2021年9月期间，89.4%的CT病例是通过妊娠筛查确诊的。尽管如此，筛查仍能诊断出大多数 CT 病例。当务之急是掌握最新的流行病学数据，为公共卫生决策提供依据。

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引用次数: 0

Acute and recent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in men having sex with men (MSM): Is the test&treat strategy fundamental to reduce the incidence in this population? 男男性行为者 (MSM) 中的急性和近期丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染：检测和治疗策略是降低这一人群发病率的根本吗？

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2024.08.003

Cristina Gómez Ayerbe

引用次数: 0

Patología infecciosa importada desde el hemisferio norte 从北半球传入的传染病学

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2023.12.009

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

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Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

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