Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica最新文献

英文中文

Ante una picadura de garrapata en España, ¿qué riesgo de infección hay? 在西班牙，蜱虫叮咬有多大的感染风险？

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2025.06.012

María Cruz Calvo Reyes , Juan Antonio del Castillo Polo , Esther García-Expósito , Esteban Aznar Cano , Laura Santos Larrégola , María José Sierra Moros , Lucía García-San Miguel

Introduction

The development of parameters to estimate the risk of transmission of infections is one of the objectives of entomological surveillance, included in the National Plan for the Prevention, Surveillance and Control of Vector-Borne Diseases. This study aims to assess the utility of the infection prevalence (IP) of Rickettsia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in ticks in Spain, as an indicator of the risk of infection from a tick bite and for temporal and geographical comparisons.

Methods

The IP and its 95% confidence interval were calculated for the different microorganism-tick pairs, using data published until April 2024, obtained through a systematic literature review. Studies that included pathogen detection using molecular methods in ticks collected from vegetation (questing ticks) were selected.

Results

Five hundred and eighty-one articles were reviewed, and 20 were selected. The IP of Rickettsia spp. in Dermacentor marginatus was 84.4%, in D. reticulatus 45.9%, and in Rhipicephalus sanguineus 21.2%, with some Rickettsia species causing DEBONEL (R. raoultii and R. slovaca) and MSF-like illness (R. massiliae) being the most frequent. The IP of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus was 5.9%. The IP of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in Hyalomma spp. was 0.3%.

Conclusions

The IP varies for each pathogen-tick pair, from very high for Rickettsia in Dermacentor, to relatively low for Borrelia in Ixodes and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in Hyalomma. The IP in ticks can be a useful indicator, along with other factors, for estimating the risk of infection from a tick bite and conducting population risk assessments in Spain.

制定参数以估计感染传播的风险是昆虫学监测的目标之一，已列入《国家媒介传播疾病预防、监测和控制计划》。本研究旨在评估西班牙蜱虫中立克次体、伯氏疏螺旋体和克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒感染流行率（IP）的效用，作为蜱叮咬感染风险的指标，并进行时间和地理比较。方法利用截至2024年4月发表的文献资料，计算不同微生物-蜱虫对的IP值及其95%置信区间。选择了利用分子方法对植物采集的蜱进行病原检测的研究（探索蜱）。结果共审稿581篇，入选20篇。立克次体在边缘革螨中的感染率为84.4%，在网状革螨中的感染率为45.9%，在血鼻头虫中的感染率为21.2%，其中一些立克次体引起的疾病（拉乌尔氏革螨和斯洛瓦氏革螨）和无国界医生样疾病（马氏革螨）最为常见。蓖麻伊蚊中感应伯氏疏螺旋体的感染率为5.9%。克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒在透明眼蝇中的感染率为0.3%。结论不同病原体-蜱对的IP值不同，革螨的立克次体IP值较高，伊蚊的伯氏体IP值较低，透明瘤的克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒IP值较低。在西班牙，蜱虫中的IP可作为一个有用的指标，与其他因素一起，用于估计蜱虫叮咬感染的风险并进行人口风险评估。

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引用次数: 0

Cribado de infecciones de transmisión sexual en población trans e interacción del tratamiento hormonal reafirmante de género con la terapia antirretroviral 对跨性别人群中的性传播感染进行筛查，以及性别强化激素治疗与抗逆转录病毒治疗之间的相互作用

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2025.04.006

Esteban Sánchez-Toscano , Dunia Collazo-Yáñez , Jesús Domínguez-Riscart , Laura Larrán-Escandón , Andrés Martín-Aspas , Isabel Mateo-Gavira , Manuel Aguilar-Diosdado

Introduction

Current evidence suggests that transgender people have a higher risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) than general population, although most of the literature focuses on transwomen with HIV.

Objective

To determine the prevalence of STDs diagnosed by serology in transgender population in our hospital and to analyze the impact of antiretroviral treatment on hormonal therapy.

Methods

We design a cross-sectional study based on medical records of transgender people treated at the Transgender Care Unit of Cadiz from June 2022 to June 2023. Hepatitis, HIV and syphilis serology was requested from people between 16 and 65 years.

Results

A total of 295 people were included, 48,14% transwomen (n = 142) and 51,86% transmen (n = 153), with an average age of 24,78 ± 9,2 years. It was detected 14 cases of HAV, 5 of syphilis, 3 of HBV and 3 of HCV. Prevalence of HIV was 3,73% (n = 11). Of the 9 transwomen with HIV infection, 3 of them required a change in antiretroviral medication and 2 cases required changes in the route of estrogen administration to achieve optimal plasma hormone levels.

Conclusions

With the current model of care for transgender people in Andalusia, the prevalence of STDs detected in our sociocultural environment is low. Special attention should be paid to possible interactions between antiretroviral treatment and hormone therapy, especially in transwomen.

目前的证据表明，变性人患性传播感染（STIs）的风险高于一般人群，尽管大多数文献关注的是感染艾滋病毒的变性女性。目的了解我院跨性别人群性传播疾病血清学诊断情况，分析抗逆转录病毒治疗对激素治疗的影响。方法基于2022年6月至2023年6月在加的斯变性人护理中心治疗的变性人的医疗记录，设计了一项横断面研究。肝炎、艾滋病毒和梅毒的血清学要求来自16至65岁之间的人。结果共纳入295人，其中跨性别者占48.14% (n = 142)，跨性别者占51.86% (n = 153)，平均年龄（24.78±9.2）岁。检出甲型肝炎14例，梅毒5例，乙型肝炎3例，丙型肝炎3例。HIV患病率为3.73% （n = 11）。9例感染HIV的跨性别女性中，3例需要改变抗逆转录病毒药物治疗，2例需要改变雌激素给药途径以达到最佳血浆激素水平。结论在安达卢西亚现有的跨性别人群护理模式下，性病检出率在我们的社会文化环境中较低。应特别注意抗逆转录病毒治疗和激素治疗之间可能的相互作用，特别是在跨性别妇女中。

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引用次数: 0

A propósito de un caso: mastitis puerperal complicada 关于一个案例：复杂的产后乳腺炎

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2025.02.009

Maialen Larrea Ayo, Begoña Vilar Achabal, Elena Urra Zalbidegoitia, Mikel Gallego Rodrigo

引用次数: 0

Celulitis meningocócica en contexto de infección por SARS-CoV-2: una presentación inusual SARS-CoV-2感染背景下的脑膜炎球菌性细胞炎：不寻常的发病

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2025.06.004

María Calle Romero, Patricia de la Montaña Díaz, Montserrat Rodríguez Gómez, Fernando Martínez Sagasti

引用次数: 0

More on endocarditis risk scores in gram positive bacteremias: Caveats to their implantation in clinical practice 更多关于革兰氏阳性菌血症的心内膜炎风险评分：临床实践中植入的注意事项

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2025.05.001

Itziar Diego-Yagüe , Antonio Ramos-Martinez , Jorge Calderón-Parra

引用次数: 0

Un año de la Alianza Latinoamericana en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica: logros alcanzados y desafíos futuros 拉丁美洲传染病和临床微生物学伙伴关系一年：已取得的成就和未来的挑战

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2025.04.005

Francisco Javier Membrillo de Novales , Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales , Adriana Sucari , Nancy Virginia Sandoval Paiz , Ivan Arturo Rodríguez Sabogal , Wendy Moncada Navas , Susana Lloveras , Gustavo Lopardo , Virgilio Lezcano , Alexis M. Holguin , Inés Cerón , Rosa Abreu , Míriam J. Álvarez-Martínez , en nombre de la Alianza Latinoamericana de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (ALEIMC)

引用次数: 0

External validation of the HANDOC score in a Spanish cohort—Analysis of blood culture scoring and time to positivity 西班牙队列中HANDOC评分的外部验证——血培养评分和阳性时间分析

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2024.12.024

Pedro Manuel García-Ceberino , Francisco Anguita-Santos , Jara Llenas-García , Miguel Ángel Montero-Alonso , Natalia Chueca-Porcuna , Emilio Borrajo , Adolfo de Salazar , Ana María Hernández-Campillo , Emilio Guirao-Arrabal , Andrés Ruiz-Sancho

Introduction

Bacteremia caused by gram-positive cocci (GPC) remains challenging, particularly in assessing the risk of infective endocarditis (IE). Various scoring systems have been developed to guide the use of echocardiography. The HANDOC score was specifically designed for non-β-hemolytic streptococci (NBHS). This study aimed to validate the HANDOC score in a cohort across diverse geographic settings.

Methods

A retrospective study enrolled patients with NBHS bacteremia from 2017 to 2021 at two Spanish hospitals. Cases of IE were defined according to European Society of Cardiology 2015 modified Duke criteria. Patient characteristics were extracted from medical records for the analysis of HANDOC score validation in our cohort.

Results

Among 280 patients diagnosed with NBHS bacteremia, 31 met the modified Duke criteria for infective endocarditis (11.1%). Using a cutoff of ≥3, the HANDOC score demonstrated a sensitivity of 95%, specificity of 74% and a negative predictive value of 98%. The same metrics were analyzed with an adapted score based on positive blood culture vials, yielding similar results. Time to positivity (TTP) was analyzed with different cutoffs or by each NBHS group showing no statistically significant difference.

Conclusions

The HANDOC score is a valuable tool for decision-making in NBHS bacteriemia in a Spanish cohort. Scoring by vials may be employed for blood culture item in different clinical settings. Time-to-positivity did not show a significant difference that would justify its potential inclusion in the score.

由革兰氏阳性球菌（GPC）引起的菌血症仍然具有挑战性，特别是在评估感染性心内膜炎（IE）的风险方面。各种评分系统已经开发出来，以指导超声心动图的使用。HANDOC评分是专门为非β溶血性链球菌（NBHS）设计的。本研究旨在在不同地理环境的队列中验证HANDOC评分。方法回顾性研究纳入2017年至2021年西班牙两家医院的NBHS菌血症患者。IE病例根据欧洲心脏病学会2015年修订的杜克标准进行定义。从医疗记录中提取患者特征，对我们的队列进行HANDOC评分验证分析。结果280例NBHS菌血症患者中，31例（11.1%）符合杜克感染性心内膜炎修正标准。采用≥3的截止值，HANDOC评分的敏感性为95%，特异性为74%，阴性预测值为98%。采用基于阳性血培养瓶的适应性评分分析相同的指标，得出类似的结果。采用不同的截止点或各NBHS组对阳性时间（TTP）进行分析，差异无统计学意义。结论HANDOC评分是西班牙队列中NBHS菌血症的一个有价值的决策工具。在不同的临床环境中，血液培养项目可采用小瓶计分法。达到积极状态的时间并没有显示出显著的差异，这可以证明将其纳入得分的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Executive summary of the consensus document of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC: GEPI, GeSIDA, GESITRA-IC, GEIRAS) on screening for imported infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients 西班牙传染病和临床微生物学会（SEIMC: GEPI、GeSIDA、GESITRA-IC、GEIRAS）关于在免疫功能低下患者中筛查输入性传染病的共识文件执行摘要

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2025.07.006

María Velasco , María-Delmans Flores-Chávez , Jara Llenas-García , Magdalena García Rodríguez , Elisa García Vázquez , Francisco López-Medrano , Oscar Len , Juliana Esperalba Esquerra , Ángela Martínez Pérez , Marta Díaz-Menéndez , Zaira Moure García , Ana Pérez Ayala , Azucena Rodríguez Guardado , Adaia Albasanz Puig , Marina Alguacil , Míriam J. Álvarez-Martínez , Marta Arsuaga Vicente , Moncef Belhassen Garcia , María José Buitrago , Eva Calabuig , Elena Sulleiro Igual

The increase in global mobility has led to a higher prevalence of imported diseases in immunocompromised patients, often asymptomatic but with the potential for reactivation or severe progression. This executive summary presents the key recommendations of the consensus document developed by the Imported Pathology Study Group (GEPI-SEIMC) in collaboration with GeSIDA, GESITRA and GEIRAS (SEIMC), targeting healthcare professionals who manage immunocompromised individuals. Based on a structured narrative review, the document proposes systematic screening strategies to detect imported infections during their asymptomatic phase, clearly distinguishing them from the clinical approach in symptomatic patients. Major infections of concern are summarized. Specific guidance is provided for people living with HIV, donors and transplant recipients, oncohematologic patients, and those receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Differences in reactivation risk, preferred diagnostic methods, and therapeutic decisions in cases of latent infection are highlighted. The document underscores the need to incorporate screening into pre-treatment and pre-transplant assessments, promoting standardized protocols.

全球流动性的增加导致免疫功能低下患者中输入性疾病的流行率更高，这些患者通常无症状，但有可能重新激活或严重进展。本执行摘要介绍了由进口病理学研究组（GEPI-SEIMC）与GeSIDA、GESITRA和GEIRAS （SEIMC）合作制定的共识文件的关键建议，目标是管理免疫功能低下个体的医疗保健专业人员。基于结构化的叙述性综述，该文件提出了在无症状阶段发现输入性感染的系统筛查策略，明确区分其与有症状患者的临床方法。总结了值得关注的主要感染。为艾滋病毒感染者、供体和移植受者、血液肿瘤患者和接受免疫抑制治疗的患者提供了具体指导。不同的再激活风险，首选的诊断方法，并在潜伏性感染的情况下治疗决定强调。该文件强调需要将筛查纳入治疗前和移植前评估，促进标准化方案。

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引用次数: 0

First report of blaCTX-M-15 and blaOXA-48-producing Citrobacter europaeus in Spain 西班牙产blaCTX-M-15和blaoxa -48柠檬酸杆菌的首次报道

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2025.07.002

Virginia Vilar-García , Felipe Fernández-Cuenca , Natalia Chueca , Lorena López-Cerero

引用次数: 0

Rifapentine-based treatment of tuberculosis infection in Spanish adolescents 以利福喷丁为基础的西班牙青少年结核病感染治疗

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2025.06.002

Antoni Noguera-Julian , Cristina Latre , Montserrat Ruiz , Carmen Garcia-Rebollo , Milena Peraita , Clàudia Fortuny

Introduction

Tuberculosis infection (TBI) in adolescents carries a high risk of progression to tuberculosis disease, yet treatment adherence remains a challenge.

Methods

Case series description.

Results

We describe a real-world experience of implementing a 12-dose weekly regimen of isoniazid (INH) and rifapentine (RPT) under video-observed therapy (VOT) in four adolescent diagnosed with TBI in a contact tracing study. This approach was chosen due to logistical and adherence concerns that made daily regimens and directly observed therapy (DOT) unfeasible. RPT was requested as a foreign medication and approved within three weeks. All patients completed treatment with 100% adherence and good tolerance.

Conclusions

Our experience supports the feasibility, tolerability, and high adherence of VOT-based weekly INH-RPT regimens in adolescents, despite regulatory barriers limiting RPT access in Europe. Broader availability of RPT and innovative adherence strategies like VOT are urgently needed to optimize TB preventive treatment in this age group.

青少年结核病感染（TBI）具有发展为结核病的高风险，但治疗依从性仍然是一个挑战。方法案例系列描述。结果：我们描述了在一项接触者追踪研究中，对四名被诊断为TBI的青少年实施每周12剂异烟肼（INH）和利福喷丁（RPT）视频观察治疗（VOT）的现实经验。选择这种方法是由于后勤和依从性问题，使得日常方案和直接观察治疗（DOT）不可行。RPT作为外来药申请，并在三周内获得批准。所有患者均以100%的依从性和良好的耐受性完成了治疗。尽管欧洲的监管障碍限制了RPT的使用，但我们的经验支持基于vot的每周INH-RPT方案在青少年中的可行性、耐受性和高依从性。迫切需要更广泛地提供RPT和创新的依从性策略，如VOT，以优化该年龄组的结核病预防治疗。

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