Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/epsj.2021.195776
N. Boutrous
: The present experiment was conducted on Gimmizah (GM) chickens selected for body weight at 12-wk of age through three generations aiming for detection the genetic components of direct, maternal and environmental effects of egg quality traits and hatchability. Second generation of GM chickens selected for body weight represent increase (p>0.05) of some egg quality traits such as hatching egg weight, egg shape index, egg surface area, egg shell density, eggshell thickness without membranes, albumen weight, albumen height, yolk weight, and egg shell weight compared with those for base population (G 0 ) and first generation (G 1 ). Generally, Additive genetic maternal was surpassed those for the additive genetic direct and permanent environmental hen effects for the most studied traits. Realized heritability estimates among the three selected generations proved that the records of direct estimate (h 2a ) had highest value of heritability compared with those for maternal (h 2m ) and permanent environmental hen effect (h 2pe ) with respect to hens body weigh at 45-wk of age, hatching egg weight, egg surface area, eggshell thickness without membranes, albumen weight, albumen height, yolk weight ratio, eggshell weight, eggshell weight percent, albumen weight percent, and yolk/albumen ratio. Also, highly significant positive genetic correlations are detected between most of the studied egg quality traits and hatchability. Also, there are highly maternal positive maternal genetic correlations between hatching egg weight and each of egg shape index, eggshell thickness, albumen weight, albumen yolk embryonic hatchability of fertile eggs. The obtained results of low estimates of heritability for fertility and hatchability and the highly estimates for egg quality traits besides the highly direct and maternal genetic correlations suggesting the applicability of some egg quality traits in programming the selection index combining with body weight selection as indirect way for improving fertility and hatchability with body weight.
{"title":"DIRECT AND MATERNAL GENETICS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT FOR EGG QUALITY AND HATCHABILITY OF GIMMIZAH CHICKENS SELECTED FOR BODY WEIGHT","authors":"N. Boutrous","doi":"10.21608/epsj.2021.195776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2021.195776","url":null,"abstract":": The present experiment was conducted on Gimmizah (GM) chickens selected for body weight at 12-wk of age through three generations aiming for detection the genetic components of direct, maternal and environmental effects of egg quality traits and hatchability. Second generation of GM chickens selected for body weight represent increase (p>0.05) of some egg quality traits such as hatching egg weight, egg shape index, egg surface area, egg shell density, eggshell thickness without membranes, albumen weight, albumen height, yolk weight, and egg shell weight compared with those for base population (G 0 ) and first generation (G 1 ). Generally, Additive genetic maternal was surpassed those for the additive genetic direct and permanent environmental hen effects for the most studied traits. Realized heritability estimates among the three selected generations proved that the records of direct estimate (h 2a ) had highest value of heritability compared with those for maternal (h 2m ) and permanent environmental hen effect (h 2pe ) with respect to hens body weigh at 45-wk of age, hatching egg weight, egg surface area, eggshell thickness without membranes, albumen weight, albumen height, yolk weight ratio, eggshell weight, eggshell weight percent, albumen weight percent, and yolk/albumen ratio. Also, highly significant positive genetic correlations are detected between most of the studied egg quality traits and hatchability. Also, there are highly maternal positive maternal genetic correlations between hatching egg weight and each of egg shape index, eggshell thickness, albumen weight, albumen yolk embryonic hatchability of fertile eggs. The obtained results of low estimates of heritability for fertility and hatchability and the highly estimates for egg quality traits besides the highly direct and maternal genetic correlations suggesting the applicability of some egg quality traits in programming the selection index combining with body weight selection as indirect way for improving fertility and hatchability with body weight.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88727864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/epsj.2021.195744
Kh. Elnajjar
: This research was conducted out at Jerash University farm in Jordan, 2020. The aim was to evaluate the effect of some feed additives, two levels of Omega-3 (5 kg/ton) [T1], (10 kg/ton) [T2] and (Probiotics with exogenous enzymes mixture, 1 kg/ton) [T3], and commercial feed [T4] on growth performance and carcass parameters during 16-35 days of age. A hundred forty and four birds at sixteen days old Hubbard chicks were distributed randomly into four treatments. Each treatment included 3 replicates, each of 12 chicks. Live body weight (Wt) at 28-day-old, T1 had a higher than the T4. Weight gain (WG) was significantly differed among treatments, as it exceeded the T1 during the fourth week and the T4 during the fifth week. Feed consumption (FC) significantly differed among treatments; T4 had the least FC during the third and fourth weeks while T3 had the least FC values during the fourth and fifth weeks. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significant among treatments during the fifth week, with T2, T3, and T4 values being significantly lower. WG and FCR were non-significant, while FC and mortality were significant between treatments, with T3 being the lowest over the entire period (16-35 days). Carcass characteristics were not significant except for dressing ratio and spleen weight which was lower at T1 and T3, respectively. The research findings indicated that Probiotics with exogenous enzymes could decrease FC without affecting the final body weight of Hubbard broiler chickens under the conditions of production in Jordan.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF OMEGA-3 AND PROBIOTIC-SUPPLEMENTED ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILER CHICKS","authors":"Kh. Elnajjar","doi":"10.21608/epsj.2021.195744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2021.195744","url":null,"abstract":": This research was conducted out at Jerash University farm in Jordan, 2020. The aim was to evaluate the effect of some feed additives, two levels of Omega-3 (5 kg/ton) [T1], (10 kg/ton) [T2] and (Probiotics with exogenous enzymes mixture, 1 kg/ton) [T3], and commercial feed [T4] on growth performance and carcass parameters during 16-35 days of age. A hundred forty and four birds at sixteen days old Hubbard chicks were distributed randomly into four treatments. Each treatment included 3 replicates, each of 12 chicks. Live body weight (Wt) at 28-day-old, T1 had a higher than the T4. Weight gain (WG) was significantly differed among treatments, as it exceeded the T1 during the fourth week and the T4 during the fifth week. Feed consumption (FC) significantly differed among treatments; T4 had the least FC during the third and fourth weeks while T3 had the least FC values during the fourth and fifth weeks. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significant among treatments during the fifth week, with T2, T3, and T4 values being significantly lower. WG and FCR were non-significant, while FC and mortality were significant between treatments, with T3 being the lowest over the entire period (16-35 days). Carcass characteristics were not significant except for dressing ratio and spleen weight which was lower at T1 and T3, respectively. The research findings indicated that Probiotics with exogenous enzymes could decrease FC without affecting the final body weight of Hubbard broiler chickens under the conditions of production in Jordan.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88884522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/EPSJ.2021.195781
H. Labib
: Salmonella is bacterium causing high morbidity and mortality rates in the birds’. The present study was performed on a total of 100 samples from diseased and apparently healthy quail came from governorates (Giza, Cairo, Damietta and kafrelsheik). Collected samples included different organs (liver, heart, lung, and bone marrow). And a comparison between the genetic tree and gene sequences of Salmonella isolated from {chicken-ducks and rabbit}. The bacteriological examination revealed that out of 100 collected samples, 22 samples (22 %) were positive for Salmonella isolation. the serotyping of Salmonella species isolates showed a major variety of serotypes which included Salmonella Enteritidis (27.3%); Salmonella Typhimurium Senftenberg (22.8% for- each ); Salmonella Agona, (18.1%) and Salmonella Magherafelt (9%) . Results of the sensitivity testing of salmonella isolated from quail. Showed that (72.8%, 68.2%) of strains were resistant to Nalidixic acid and Streptomycin, but sensitive to Gentamicin, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, (68.2%) of strains. Also, all Salmonella isolates showed multidrug resistance. We selected three strains to be sequenced with accession number MT267777 to MT267779 and it resembled Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis strain from China, Korea, and UK with 100% identitiy percent.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF PHYLOGENIC TREE AND GENE SEQUENCE OF SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT BIRDS","authors":"H. Labib","doi":"10.21608/EPSJ.2021.195781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EPSJ.2021.195781","url":null,"abstract":": Salmonella is bacterium causing high morbidity and mortality rates in the birds’. The present study was performed on a total of 100 samples from diseased and apparently healthy quail came from governorates (Giza, Cairo, Damietta and kafrelsheik). Collected samples included different organs (liver, heart, lung, and bone marrow). And a comparison between the genetic tree and gene sequences of Salmonella isolated from {chicken-ducks and rabbit}. The bacteriological examination revealed that out of 100 collected samples, 22 samples (22 %) were positive for Salmonella isolation. the serotyping of Salmonella species isolates showed a major variety of serotypes which included Salmonella Enteritidis (27.3%); Salmonella Typhimurium Senftenberg (22.8% for- each ); Salmonella Agona, (18.1%) and Salmonella Magherafelt (9%) . Results of the sensitivity testing of salmonella isolated from quail. Showed that (72.8%, 68.2%) of strains were resistant to Nalidixic acid and Streptomycin, but sensitive to Gentamicin, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, (68.2%) of strains. Also, all Salmonella isolates showed multidrug resistance. We selected three strains to be sequenced with accession number MT267777 to MT267779 and it resembled Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis strain from China, Korea, and UK with 100% identitiy percent.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77409397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/epsj.2021.198325
Walid M Fouad
To investigate the response of feeding Japanese quail chicks to propolis supplementation on growth performance, blood constituents, hormones, immunity, antioxidant, carcass characteristics and bacterial count, one hundred and twenty, oneweek-old Japanese quail chicks were divided to four dietary groups with three replicates (10 birds). The first group fed a basal diet, while the groups 2 nd ,3 rd and 4 th were fed with 200, 400 and 600 mg of propolis/kg diet until the age of six weeks. The results showed a significant improvement in feed intake, body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion with increasing of propolis supplementation. All treatments increased significantly (P<0.01) percentage of dressing and internal organs than the Control birds. Propolis supplementation significantly (P<0.01) increased blood components; Hb, RBC, PCV, WBCs, lymphocyte, total protein, globulin, albumin, glucose, high density lipoprotein, total antioxidant capacity, IgM, IgG, thyroid hormones (x10 3 ) as compared to control group and decreased total lipids, plasma cholesterol, LDL, ALT, AST. Moreover, propolis decreased the Intestinal total anaerobic, aerobic microflora counts and total coliform compared to control group. There was no effect on monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils as compared to control group. The results showed that supplementation of propolis at levels of 200, 400 and 600 mg of propolis/kg feed improves growth performance, blood components, antioxidant indices, thyroid hormones, immune parameters and carcass characteristics.
{"title":"IMPACT OF PROPOLIS SUPPLEMENTIONS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES IN JAPANESE QUAIL","authors":"Walid M Fouad","doi":"10.21608/epsj.2021.198325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2021.198325","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the response of feeding Japanese quail chicks to propolis supplementation on growth performance, blood constituents, hormones, immunity, antioxidant, carcass characteristics and bacterial count, one hundred and twenty, oneweek-old Japanese quail chicks were divided to four dietary groups with three replicates (10 birds). The first group fed a basal diet, while the groups 2 nd ,3 rd and 4 th were fed with 200, 400 and 600 mg of propolis/kg diet until the age of six weeks. The results showed a significant improvement in feed intake, body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion with increasing of propolis supplementation. All treatments increased significantly (P<0.01) percentage of dressing and internal organs than the Control birds. Propolis supplementation significantly (P<0.01) increased blood components; Hb, RBC, PCV, WBCs, lymphocyte, total protein, globulin, albumin, glucose, high density lipoprotein, total antioxidant capacity, IgM, IgG, thyroid hormones (x10 3 ) as compared to control group and decreased total lipids, plasma cholesterol, LDL, ALT, AST. Moreover, propolis decreased the Intestinal total anaerobic, aerobic microflora counts and total coliform compared to control group. There was no effect on monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils as compared to control group. The results showed that supplementation of propolis at levels of 200, 400 and 600 mg of propolis/kg feed improves growth performance, blood components, antioxidant indices, thyroid hormones, immune parameters and carcass characteristics.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75765572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/epsj.2021.195779
N. Boutrous
: this experiment was conducted on Gimmizah (GM) chickens aiming to investigate the effect of selection for breast circumference at twelve weeks of age through six generations on some physical characters of males and hatchability besides estimating some genetical sire parameters among the selected generations. Two hundred and twenty hens besides twenty two males were randomly chosen from (GM) flock and considered as base population (G 0 ) composing pen's families (10hens and one male / pen). Day-old chicks produced from G 0 were wing-banded and selected for breast circumference (BC) at 12-wk of age within families. Chickens were selected as parents of the next generation and continued throughout five generations. A total number of 6750 hatching eggs representing the six experimental consecutive generations were used for hatching trials. Data were collected for some physical parameters of GM males at 1 day, 8, 12, 25 and 45 weeks of age for six generations. Hatched male body weights (BW 1 ) were significantly higher for selected line among G 0 , G 4 and G 5 generations compared to those for control one. Selection for chicken BC significantly improved fertility percentage with advanced generations. Moreover, fertility percentage was significantly increased for selected chickens compared to those for control line at fifth generation. high body weights at studied ages through the sixgeneration ranked between 0.50 among the most ages and generations with 0.97 for BW 8 and BW 12 at G 4 .Also, BC high estimates of among the ages and generations ranged between 0.32 for BC 12 at G 5 and 0.69 for BC 12 at G 0 .Genetic correlations between fertility and body weights among the studied generations were low differed between 0.10 up to 0.34, with value of 0.28 for BW 1 at G 5 . It is concluded from this study that fertility trait should be taken into consideration during selection of breast circumference, besides other breast measurements such as breast length and width should be included in the coming genetic selection program.
本试验旨在探讨12周龄至6代鸡胸围的选择对雄性某些生理性状和孵化率的影响，并估计所选代间的一些遗传父系参数。从(GM)鸡群中随机抽取220只母鸡和22只雄性作为基础种群(G 0)，组成鸡舍(10只母鸡，1只雄性/鸡舍)。从g0开始生产的日龄雏鸡在12周龄时被带翅，并在家庭中选择胸围(BC)。鸡被选为下一代的父母，并延续了五代。共使用6个实验连续代的6750个孵化卵进行孵化试验。收集6代转基因雄鱼1日龄、8周龄、12周龄、25周龄和45周龄的一些生理参数数据。g0、g4和g5代的雄性孵化体重(bw1)显著高于对照。选用BC显著提高了鸡的代育率。在第五代时，选择鸡的受精率显著高于对照。高身体重量0.50研究年龄之间通过sixgeneration排名最年龄和代0.97 BW 8和BW 12 G 4举办,BC估计在年龄和高代介于0.32之间为公元前12 G为公元前12 5和0.69 G 0 .Genetic生育和身体之间的相关性研究代之间的权重很低在0.10到0.34之间不同,BW - 1的值为0.28 G 5。本研究认为，在选择胸围时应考虑育性性状，同时在今后的遗传选择中还应考虑其他乳房测量指标，如乳房长、乳房宽。
{"title":"GENETIC RESPONSE OF SOME BODY MALES MEASUREMENTS AND REPRODUCTION FOR GIMMIZAH CHICKENS SELECTED FOR BODY CIRCUMFERENCE","authors":"N. Boutrous","doi":"10.21608/epsj.2021.195779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2021.195779","url":null,"abstract":": this experiment was conducted on Gimmizah (GM) chickens aiming to investigate the effect of selection for breast circumference at twelve weeks of age through six generations on some physical characters of males and hatchability besides estimating some genetical sire parameters among the selected generations. Two hundred and twenty hens besides twenty two males were randomly chosen from (GM) flock and considered as base population (G 0 ) composing pen's families (10hens and one male / pen). Day-old chicks produced from G 0 were wing-banded and selected for breast circumference (BC) at 12-wk of age within families. Chickens were selected as parents of the next generation and continued throughout five generations. A total number of 6750 hatching eggs representing the six experimental consecutive generations were used for hatching trials. Data were collected for some physical parameters of GM males at 1 day, 8, 12, 25 and 45 weeks of age for six generations. Hatched male body weights (BW 1 ) were significantly higher for selected line among G 0 , G 4 and G 5 generations compared to those for control one. Selection for chicken BC significantly improved fertility percentage with advanced generations. Moreover, fertility percentage was significantly increased for selected chickens compared to those for control line at fifth generation. high body weights at studied ages through the sixgeneration ranked between 0.50 among the most ages and generations with 0.97 for BW 8 and BW 12 at G 4 .Also, BC high estimates of among the ages and generations ranged between 0.32 for BC 12 at G 5 and 0.69 for BC 12 at G 0 .Genetic correlations between fertility and body weights among the studied generations were low differed between 0.10 up to 0.34, with value of 0.28 for BW 1 at G 5 . It is concluded from this study that fertility trait should be taken into consideration during selection of breast circumference, besides other breast measurements such as breast length and width should be included in the coming genetic selection program.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90590596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/epsj.2021.197977
M. El-Attrouny
The current study investigated the effect of selection for increased egg number during the 1 st 90 days of laying on egg quality traits over four generations in Benha chickens. A total of 18 cockerels and 180 pullets were selected according to their BLUP values for egg number at the first 90 days of laying from Benha base population (control). Data of 4242 eggs produced by 756 pedigreed hens fathered by 69 sires and mothered 484 dams from four generations (base and three selected generations) were used to estimate heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations for egg quality traits (Egg weight (EW), Albumen weight (AW),Yolk weight (YW), Shell weight (SW), Haugh unit (HU), Egg shape index (ESI), Albumen index (AI), Yolk index (YI) and Egg shell thickness (EST)). The selection effects, correlated responses and the genetic and phenotypic trends for egg quality traits across generations were quantified or clarified applying the updated approach of the animal model program of BLUPF90. Heritability estimates were moderate or low for all traits (h 2 = 0.05 to 0.47). Also, genetic correlations for EW was closely positively genetically correlated with AW, YW, SW, with magnitudes of 0.99, 0.57, 0.69, respectively. The three selected generations were superior (P <0.05) in most egg quality traits than the base generation and the contrasts among estimates of these generations were significant (P<0.05). The phenotypic and genetic trend increased for all egg quality traits. While genetic trend decreased for AW. The accumulative correlated selection responses were 1.18 g for EW, 0.31g for SW, 5.27 for HU, and 0.06 mm for EST. Conclusion, these findings stated superiorities of selected generations indicating selection for egg number during the first 90 days of laying in Benha chickens was associated with an improvement in egg quality traits.
本试验研究了产蛋前90天增加产蛋数的选择对4代本哈鸡蛋品质性状的影响。根据产蛋前90天蛋数BLUP值，从Benha基础群体(对照)中选取18只公鸡和180只小鸡。采用69种母系、484种母系4代(基础代和3代)756只纯种母鸡生产的4242枚蛋的遗传率、遗传相关性和表型相关性，对蛋质量性状(蛋重(EW)、蛋白重(AW)、蛋黄重(YW)、壳重(SW)、哈夫单位(HU)、蛋形指数(ESI)、蛋白指数(AI)、蛋黄指数(YI)和蛋壳厚度(EST))进行了分析。应用更新的BLUPF90动物模型程序，定量或阐明了不同代间蛋品质性状的选择效应、相关响应和遗传表型趋势。所有性状的遗传力估计均为中等或低(h 2 = 0.05 ~ 0.47)。此外，EW与AW、YW、SW的遗传相关分别为0.99、0.57、0.69，呈显著正相关。3个选育世代在多数品质性状上均优于基础世代(P<0.05)，各世代估计值间差异显著(P<0.05)。各性状的表型和遗传趋势均有所增加。而AW的遗传趋势下降。累积相关选择响应量为:EW = 1.18 g, SW = 0.31g, HU = 5.27 g, EST = 0.06 mm。由此可见，本哈鸡产蛋前90天的产蛋数选择与蛋品质性状的改善有关。
{"title":"CORRELATED RESPONSE FOR EGG QUALITY TRAITS AFTER THREE GENERATIONS OF SELECTION FOR EGG NUMBER IN BENHA CHICKENS","authors":"M. El-Attrouny","doi":"10.21608/epsj.2021.197977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2021.197977","url":null,"abstract":"The current study investigated the effect of selection for increased egg number during the 1 st 90 days of laying on egg quality traits over four generations in Benha chickens. A total of 18 cockerels and 180 pullets were selected according to their BLUP values for egg number at the first 90 days of laying from Benha base population (control). Data of 4242 eggs produced by 756 pedigreed hens fathered by 69 sires and mothered 484 dams from four generations (base and three selected generations) were used to estimate heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations for egg quality traits (Egg weight (EW), Albumen weight (AW),Yolk weight (YW), Shell weight (SW), Haugh unit (HU), Egg shape index (ESI), Albumen index (AI), Yolk index (YI) and Egg shell thickness (EST)). The selection effects, correlated responses and the genetic and phenotypic trends for egg quality traits across generations were quantified or clarified applying the updated approach of the animal model program of BLUPF90. Heritability estimates were moderate or low for all traits (h 2 = 0.05 to 0.47). Also, genetic correlations for EW was closely positively genetically correlated with AW, YW, SW, with magnitudes of 0.99, 0.57, 0.69, respectively. The three selected generations were superior (P <0.05) in most egg quality traits than the base generation and the contrasts among estimates of these generations were significant (P<0.05). The phenotypic and genetic trend increased for all egg quality traits. While genetic trend decreased for AW. The accumulative correlated selection responses were 1.18 g for EW, 0.31g for SW, 5.27 for HU, and 0.06 mm for EST. Conclusion, these findings stated superiorities of selected generations indicating selection for egg number during the first 90 days of laying in Benha chickens was associated with an improvement in egg quality traits.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87555540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/epsj.2021.198396
Ahmed Shamseldeen
This study examines the hypothesis that threonine(THR),canthaxanthin (CAN)and sodium sulphate (SS)supplementation can improve the performance of commercial Lohmann Brown (LB) laying hens in late egg production period (44 – 56 wks).A total number of 120hens at 44 weeks old were separated into eight groups, each with five replicates (3 hens) and kept in wire cages. The experimental hens were fed a control diet without or with 2 g THR /kg, 3 ppm CAN, 2 g THR/ kg + 3ppm CAN, 5 g SS/kg, 2 g THR/ kg +5 g SS/kg, 3 ppm CAN+5 g SS/kg and 2 g THR/ kg+ 3ppm CAN+5 g SS/kg from 44 to 56 weeks of age. All feed additives used in this study numerically increased egg number (egg/hen/day) compared to hen fed the control diet. The addition of THR+CAN+SS significantly increased egg mass /day by 8.10% compared to the control diet. All feed additives used in this study increased egg shell thickness, serum total protein and antioxidants capacity compared to the control diet. The mixture of the three feed additives increased shell thickness by 15.15% compared to the control diet. The mixture of THR+CAN+SS was the most successful additive in this study.
本研究探讨了饲粮中添加苏氨酸(THR)、角黄素(CAN)和硫酸钠(SS)可提高商品罗曼布朗(LB)蛋鸡产蛋后期(44 ~ 56周)生产性能的假设。选取120只44周龄母鸡，随机分为8组，每组5个重复(3只)，饲养在铁笼中。试验蛋鸡在44 ~ 56周龄分别饲喂不添加或添加2 g THR/ kg、3ppm CAN、2 g THR/ kg+ 3ppm CAN、5 g SS/kg、2 g THR/ kg+ 5 g SS/kg、3ppm CAN+5 g SS/kg和2 g THR/ kg+ 3ppm CAN+5 g SS/kg的对照饲粮。与饲喂对照日粮的母鸡相比，本研究中使用的所有饲料添加剂均显著提高了产蛋量(蛋/母鸡/天)。与对照组相比，添加THR+CAN+SS可显著提高日产蛋量8.10%。与对照组饲粮相比，本试验中使用的所有饲料添加剂均提高了蛋壳厚度、血清总蛋白和抗氧化能力。与对照饲粮相比，3种饲料添加剂的混合物使壳厚增加了15.15%。THR+CAN+SS的混合物是本研究中最成功的添加剂。
{"title":"USING THREONINE, CANTHAXANTHINAND SODIUM SULPHATE AS DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION FOR IMPROVING EGG PRODUCTION IN LAYING HENS IN POST PEAK PERIOD","authors":"Ahmed Shamseldeen","doi":"10.21608/epsj.2021.198396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2021.198396","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the hypothesis that threonine(THR),canthaxanthin (CAN)and sodium sulphate (SS)supplementation can improve the performance of commercial Lohmann Brown (LB) laying hens in late egg production period (44 – 56 wks).A total number of 120hens at 44 weeks old were separated into eight groups, each with five replicates (3 hens) and kept in wire cages. The experimental hens were fed a control diet without or with 2 g THR /kg, 3 ppm CAN, 2 g THR/ kg + 3ppm CAN, 5 g SS/kg, 2 g THR/ kg +5 g SS/kg, 3 ppm CAN+5 g SS/kg and 2 g THR/ kg+ 3ppm CAN+5 g SS/kg from 44 to 56 weeks of age. All feed additives used in this study numerically increased egg number (egg/hen/day) compared to hen fed the control diet. The addition of THR+CAN+SS significantly increased egg mass /day by 8.10% compared to the control diet. All feed additives used in this study increased egg shell thickness, serum total protein and antioxidants capacity compared to the control diet. The mixture of the three feed additives increased shell thickness by 15.15% compared to the control diet. The mixture of THR+CAN+SS was the most successful additive in this study.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81335585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/epsj.2021.195786
M. El-sayed, S. Mekky, H. Assi, H. Zaky
: Sixty individuals from two commercial strains Sasso (n=20), Ross (n=20), and one local chicken breed Baladi (n=20) were amplified by 12 microsatellite markers. Over 12 loci in three chicken populations, we found a total of 96 alleles with an average of 8 alleles per locus. There were 15 alleles in locus ADL0315; and only 3 alleles in locus MCW0210. In specific alleles, overall loci (12 microsatellite loci) found 39 out of 96 alleles (40.63 %) with three populations. Twenty distinct alleles were found for the Baladi breed and 5 alleles for the Sasso strain, while 14 were found for the Ross strain. Most frequencies of alleles were distributed with low frequency, but the 14 allele frequency was higher than 0.5. The PIC and He averages in the Baladi breed were 0.679 and 0.70, respectively, while those in the Sasso strain were 0.588 and 0.61, respectively, which were the lowest. In Baladi chicken breed has highly informative PIC values exceed 0.5 except one marker of MCW0210 had reasonably informative markers. Also, in Sasso chicken strain has highly informative PIC values exceed 0.5 except five markers of MCW0210, ADL0037, MCW0206, MCW0002, and ADL0158 had reasonably informative markers. Finally, in Ross chicken strain has highly informative PIC values exceed 0.5 except three markers of MCW0210, ADL0037 and MCW0016 had reasonably informative markers. The mean values of IC obtained estimate 0.23 and 0.28 for Baladi breed and Sasso strain respectively, indicating the high level of inbreeding indicating low variability in their populations. While the mean value of 0.1 for the Ross breed indicating high variability in this breed. These findings could be attributed to a more recent divergence of Ross than Baladi breed and Sasso strain.
{"title":"GENETIC DIVERSITY BETWEEN BALADI CHICKEN BREED AND SASSO AND ROSS STRAINS USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS","authors":"M. El-sayed, S. Mekky, H. Assi, H. Zaky","doi":"10.21608/epsj.2021.195786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2021.195786","url":null,"abstract":": Sixty individuals from two commercial strains Sasso (n=20), Ross (n=20), and one local chicken breed Baladi (n=20) were amplified by 12 microsatellite markers. Over 12 loci in three chicken populations, we found a total of 96 alleles with an average of 8 alleles per locus. There were 15 alleles in locus ADL0315; and only 3 alleles in locus MCW0210. In specific alleles, overall loci (12 microsatellite loci) found 39 out of 96 alleles (40.63 %) with three populations. Twenty distinct alleles were found for the Baladi breed and 5 alleles for the Sasso strain, while 14 were found for the Ross strain. Most frequencies of alleles were distributed with low frequency, but the 14 allele frequency was higher than 0.5. The PIC and He averages in the Baladi breed were 0.679 and 0.70, respectively, while those in the Sasso strain were 0.588 and 0.61, respectively, which were the lowest. In Baladi chicken breed has highly informative PIC values exceed 0.5 except one marker of MCW0210 had reasonably informative markers. Also, in Sasso chicken strain has highly informative PIC values exceed 0.5 except five markers of MCW0210, ADL0037, MCW0206, MCW0002, and ADL0158 had reasonably informative markers. Finally, in Ross chicken strain has highly informative PIC values exceed 0.5 except three markers of MCW0210, ADL0037 and MCW0016 had reasonably informative markers. The mean values of IC obtained estimate 0.23 and 0.28 for Baladi breed and Sasso strain respectively, indicating the high level of inbreeding indicating low variability in their populations. While the mean value of 0.1 for the Ross breed indicating high variability in this breed. These findings could be attributed to a more recent divergence of Ross than Baladi breed and Sasso strain.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88608773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/epsj.2021.195201
S. Hassan
The present study targets to look deep at the influence of Nigella sativa seeds (NSS) supplementation on hematological, blood biochemical measurements, liver and kidney functions and antioxidant enzymes of Arbor Acres broiler chicks. A total of 140 unsexed one day old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatment groups during the period from 1-35 days of age. The chicks were randomly assigned in a straight run experimental design among four treatments, each replicated 7 times with 5 unsexed chicks per replicate. The 1 st group was fed a commercial basal diet without any supplementation (control), the 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th groups were fed control diet supplemented with NSS at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% levels. Chicks fed basal diet and basal diet without supplementation or with 1.5% NSS had significantly higher RBCs than the 0.5 and 1% NSS supplemented groups. Chicks fed the NSS at 0.5% showed a higher plasma albumin level than the control group, 1 and 1.5 NSS groups. Feeding diet supplemented with 1% NSS had significantly (P≤0.05) achieved the lowest triglyceride and cholesterol compared with chicks fed diet that contained 0.5 and 1.5% NS seeds groups. Significantly (P≤0.05) higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was recorded in chick fed diet that contained 1.5% NSS compared with the control and the other treatments. Chicks fed diet that contained 1% NSS had significantly (P≤0.05) achieved a lower plasma aspartate amino transferase (AST). All of supplementation with different NSS levels had a significantly (P≤0.05) higher plasma creatinine and lower plasma urea to creatinine ratio than the control group. Chicks fed diet contained 0.5% NSS had significantly (P≤0.05) achieved a higher plasma superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity compared with the control, 1 and 1.5% NSS supplemented groups. Chicks fed the diet containing 1% NSS showed higher plasma glutathione level than the control group, 0.5 and 1.5% NSS groups. Feeding diet with supplemented 0.5 and 1.5% NSS were significantly (P≤0.05) increased plasma glutathione reductase and catalase compared with the control and 1% NSS groups. Conclusion: These findings indicated that NSS had improved lipid profile, liver function and antioxidant profile of broiler chicks. Thus, 1% NSS is considered safe due to having no acute toxic side effects as reported through the experimental period.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS ON BROILER CHICKS HEMATOLOGICAL, BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES","authors":"S. Hassan","doi":"10.21608/epsj.2021.195201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2021.195201","url":null,"abstract":"The present study targets to look deep at the influence of Nigella sativa seeds (NSS) supplementation on hematological, blood biochemical measurements, liver and kidney functions and antioxidant enzymes of Arbor Acres broiler chicks. A total of 140 unsexed one day old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatment groups during the period from 1-35 days of age. The chicks were randomly assigned in a straight run experimental design among four treatments, each replicated 7 times with 5 unsexed chicks per replicate. The 1 st group was fed a commercial basal diet without any supplementation (control), the 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th groups were fed control diet supplemented with NSS at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% levels. Chicks fed basal diet and basal diet without supplementation or with 1.5% NSS had significantly higher RBCs than the 0.5 and 1% NSS supplemented groups. Chicks fed the NSS at 0.5% showed a higher plasma albumin level than the control group, 1 and 1.5 NSS groups. Feeding diet supplemented with 1% NSS had significantly (P≤0.05) achieved the lowest triglyceride and cholesterol compared with chicks fed diet that contained 0.5 and 1.5% NS seeds groups. Significantly (P≤0.05) higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was recorded in chick fed diet that contained 1.5% NSS compared with the control and the other treatments. Chicks fed diet that contained 1% NSS had significantly (P≤0.05) achieved a lower plasma aspartate amino transferase (AST). All of supplementation with different NSS levels had a significantly (P≤0.05) higher plasma creatinine and lower plasma urea to creatinine ratio than the control group. Chicks fed diet contained 0.5% NSS had significantly (P≤0.05) achieved a higher plasma superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity compared with the control, 1 and 1.5% NSS supplemented groups. Chicks fed the diet containing 1% NSS showed higher plasma glutathione level than the control group, 0.5 and 1.5% NSS groups. Feeding diet with supplemented 0.5 and 1.5% NSS were significantly (P≤0.05) increased plasma glutathione reductase and catalase compared with the control and 1% NSS groups. Conclusion: These findings indicated that NSS had improved lipid profile, liver function and antioxidant profile of broiler chicks. Thus, 1% NSS is considered safe due to having no acute toxic side effects as reported through the experimental period.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84447340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.21608/epsj.2021.198443
Abdalrahem Amrabit, A. El-Raffa, Amira Eldlebshany, Ahmed Tawhid Ahmed Soliman
The main objectives of the present study were to estimate the direct response to individual selection for high body weight at six weeks of age (BW6) with estimated the realized heritability of BW6 from two successive selected generations of this line. Besides that, estimate the correlated responses for other growth traits in meat line of Japanese quail. The results were obtained from this work; the means of body weight at different ages for selected line were higher than for control line with highly significant differences in both selected generations. with respect to generation, the results were shown the heaviest body weight at all different ages in the second generation and the lightest in the base with highly significant differences. The results revealed improving of daily weight gain during different periods for selected line in both selected generations compared control line with significant differences. Among generations, the daily weight gains during all different periods of second selected generation were the highest than the rest of generations with highly significant differences. Direct selection response of BW6 was in the first generation (16.76 g). However, selection response decreases in the second generation (5.97 g). Finally of two selected generations, the body weight at 6 weeks of age increased by 22.73 g. for selected line comparing with control line. Also, the selection for BW6 had positive correlated responses on body weight at hatch, 2 and 4 weeks of ages. The daily weight gains have improved after two generations of BW6 selection by 0.41, 0.67, 0.50 and 0.53 g/d during 0 (hatch) – 2, 2 – 4, 4 6 and 0 – 6 weeks of ages, respectively. It can conclude that the results of selection for high body weight at 6 weeks of age was caused improvement body weight at the same age and also improvements both of body weight at different ages and daily weight gain during different periods of quail growth stage. Moreover, these improvements were higher in the first generation of selection than the second.
{"title":"GROWTH RESPONSES TO SELECTION FOR HIGH BODY WEIGHT IN MEAT LINE OF JAPANESE QUAIL","authors":"Abdalrahem Amrabit, A. El-Raffa, Amira Eldlebshany, Ahmed Tawhid Ahmed Soliman","doi":"10.21608/epsj.2021.198443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/epsj.2021.198443","url":null,"abstract":"The main objectives of the present study were to estimate the direct response to individual selection for high body weight at six weeks of age (BW6) with estimated the realized heritability of BW6 from two successive selected generations of this line. Besides that, estimate the correlated responses for other growth traits in meat line of Japanese quail. The results were obtained from this work; the means of body weight at different ages for selected line were higher than for control line with highly significant differences in both selected generations. with respect to generation, the results were shown the heaviest body weight at all different ages in the second generation and the lightest in the base with highly significant differences. The results revealed improving of daily weight gain during different periods for selected line in both selected generations compared control line with significant differences. Among generations, the daily weight gains during all different periods of second selected generation were the highest than the rest of generations with highly significant differences. Direct selection response of BW6 was in the first generation (16.76 g). However, selection response decreases in the second generation (5.97 g). Finally of two selected generations, the body weight at 6 weeks of age increased by 22.73 g. for selected line comparing with control line. Also, the selection for BW6 had positive correlated responses on body weight at hatch, 2 and 4 weeks of ages. The daily weight gains have improved after two generations of BW6 selection by 0.41, 0.67, 0.50 and 0.53 g/d during 0 (hatch) – 2, 2 – 4, 4 6 and 0 – 6 weeks of ages, respectively. It can conclude that the results of selection for high body weight at 6 weeks of age was caused improvement body weight at the same age and also improvements both of body weight at different ages and daily weight gain during different periods of quail growth stage. Moreover, these improvements were higher in the first generation of selection than the second.","PeriodicalId":11662,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Poultry Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83975845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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