Shenhui Li, Bing Yao, Jiayang Pang, Demin Liu, Dan Chengmei, Dengyun Jiang, Haiqi Wang, Yuanyuan Gang, Huan Cheng, Xiaobing Liu
In view of problems such as the narrow efficiency area, large hydraulic vibration area, pressure pulsation, and serious sediment wear of turbines at the Futang hydropower station, the technical transformation of turbine runners was carried out by modifying the blade shape and increasing the blade thickness, and a combination of numerical simulations based on shear stress transport k–ω turbulence model and tests was adopted to improve the operational stability of power station units. Calculation and testing demonstrate an enlargement of the high-efficiency zone. Specifically, the optimal efficiency of the runner increases by 0.37%, while the rated efficiency rises by 0.19%. Significant reductions are observed in pressure pulsation within the draft tube and vaneless area decrease of approximately 50%. There is a high-frequency pressure pulsation in the vaneless zone and the runner under low-load conditions, and the influence of dynamic and static interference gradually weakens with the increase of opening. The draft tube is prone to eccentric vortex bands under partial working conditions, which causes the unit to be affected by low-frequency pulsation. This optimization also leads to a notable decrease in runner blade wear, with the maximum sand and water velocity reduced from 45 to 40 m/s, resulting in a 30% reduction in sand wear. Moreover, there is a substantial enhancement in the runner's stiffness, with the thickness of the blade near the high stress area of the upper crown and lower ring increasing by over 50%, and the weight of each individual blade increasing by more than 50%. These research findings validate that modifying the runner blade effectively improves flow patterns, reduces eddy current generation, minimizes pressure pulsation, widens the high-efficiency zone, decreases wear, and enhances the operational stability of the unit. The technical transformation method and research results of this study have important guiding significance for similar technical transformation of other power stations
{"title":"Research on the technical improvement of the turbine runner of a power station based on improving stability","authors":"Shenhui Li, Bing Yao, Jiayang Pang, Demin Liu, Dan Chengmei, Dengyun Jiang, Haiqi Wang, Yuanyuan Gang, Huan Cheng, Xiaobing Liu","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1898","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In view of problems such as the narrow efficiency area, large hydraulic vibration area, pressure pulsation, and serious sediment wear of turbines at the Futang hydropower station, the technical transformation of turbine runners was carried out by modifying the blade shape and increasing the blade thickness, and a combination of numerical simulations based on shear stress transport <i>k–ω</i> turbulence model and tests was adopted to improve the operational stability of power station units. Calculation and testing demonstrate an enlargement of the high-efficiency zone. Specifically, the optimal efficiency of the runner increases by 0.37%, while the rated efficiency rises by 0.19%. Significant reductions are observed in pressure pulsation within the draft tube and vaneless area decrease of approximately 50%. There is a high-frequency pressure pulsation in the vaneless zone and the runner under low-load conditions, and the influence of dynamic and static interference gradually weakens with the increase of opening. The draft tube is prone to eccentric vortex bands under partial working conditions, which causes the unit to be affected by low-frequency pulsation. This optimization also leads to a notable decrease in runner blade wear, with the maximum sand and water velocity reduced from 45 to 40 m/s, resulting in a 30% reduction in sand wear. Moreover, there is a substantial enhancement in the runner's stiffness, with the thickness of the blade near the high stress area of the upper crown and lower ring increasing by over 50%, and the weight of each individual blade increasing by more than 50%. These research findings validate that modifying the runner blade effectively improves flow patterns, reduces eddy current generation, minimizes pressure pulsation, widens the high-efficiency zone, decreases wear, and enhances the operational stability of the unit. The technical transformation method and research results of this study have important guiding significance for similar technical transformation of other power stations</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1898","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nada M. Al-Ananzeh, Khalid Bani-Melhem, Hussam Elddin Khasawneh, Asem Al-Jarrah, Ibrahim F. Abuawwad
Jordan's energy sector faces significant challenges due to rising fuel prices, making the exploration of local energy resources crucial. The abundant oil shale deposits in Wadi Thamad present a promising opportunity. Since Wadi Thamad oil shale has never been studied before, this research focuses on the Wadi Thamad basin near Madaba, Jordan, aiming to comprehensively characterize its oil shale using advanced analytical techniques. Using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry, this study assesses the mineralogical, chemical, and thermal properties of Wadi Thamad oil shale. The findings reveal calcite and quartz as the primary minerals, with significant aliphatic, CO2, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups. Elemental analysis highlights essential oxides, such as CaO and SiO2. Fischer assay results indicate an oil content of 5.3–10.1 wt%, a gross-calorific value of 4.56–7.69 MJ/kg, and a sulfur content of 1.77–2.10 wt%. The peak pyrolysis temperature is 432.4°C from TGA. This research's novelty lies in its comprehensive approach to characterizing the underexplored Wadi Thamad oil shale basin. The findings enhance the understanding of Wadi Thamad's geological composition and underscore its potential as a local energy resource, contributing valuable data to Jordan's energy portfolio and offering economic benefits.
由于燃料价格不断上涨,约旦的能源行业面临着巨大挑战,因此勘探当地能源资源至关重要。瓦迪塔玛德丰富的油页岩矿藏提供了一个大有可为的机会。由于此前从未对瓦迪-塔马德油页岩进行过研究,本研究将重点放在约旦马德巴附近的瓦迪-塔马德盆地,旨在利用先进的分析技术全面描述其油页岩的特征。本研究使用 X 射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外光谱、X 射线荧光、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析 (TGA) 和差示扫描量热法评估了瓦迪塔玛德油页岩的矿物学、化学和热特性。研究结果表明,方解石和石英是主要矿物,其中含有大量脂肪族、二氧化碳、羟基和羧基。元素分析突出了重要的氧化物,如 CaO 和 SiO2。费休测定结果表明,油含量为 5.3-10.1 wt%,总热值为 4.56-7.69 MJ/kg,硫含量为 1.77-2.10 wt%。根据 TGA,热解峰值温度为 432.4°C。这项研究的新颖之处在于它采用了全面的方法来描述未充分勘探的瓦迪塔玛德油页岩盆地。研究结果加深了人们对瓦迪-塔马德油页岩地质成分的了解,强调了其作为当地能源资源的潜力,为约旦的能源组合提供了宝贵的数据,并带来了经济效益。
{"title":"A characterization study of Wadi Thamad oil shale: Towards a new source of energy in Jordan","authors":"Nada M. Al-Ananzeh, Khalid Bani-Melhem, Hussam Elddin Khasawneh, Asem Al-Jarrah, Ibrahim F. Abuawwad","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1882","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Jordan's energy sector faces significant challenges due to rising fuel prices, making the exploration of local energy resources crucial. The abundant oil shale deposits in Wadi Thamad present a promising opportunity. Since Wadi Thamad oil shale has never been studied before, this research focuses on the Wadi Thamad basin near Madaba, Jordan, aiming to comprehensively characterize its oil shale using advanced analytical techniques. Using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry, this study assesses the mineralogical, chemical, and thermal properties of Wadi Thamad oil shale. The findings reveal calcite and quartz as the primary minerals, with significant aliphatic, CO<sub>2</sub>, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups. Elemental analysis highlights essential oxides, such as CaO and SiO<sub>2</sub>. Fischer assay results indicate an oil content of 5.3–10.1 wt%, a gross-calorific value of 4.56–7.69 MJ/kg, and a sulfur content of 1.77–2.10 wt%. The peak pyrolysis temperature is 432.4°C from TGA. This research's novelty lies in its comprehensive approach to characterizing the underexplored Wadi Thamad oil shale basin. The findings enhance the understanding of Wadi Thamad's geological composition and underscore its potential as a local energy resource, contributing valuable data to Jordan's energy portfolio and offering economic benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1882","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The time-varying external environment is one of the main variables influencing heating energy consumptions, so that its influence should be rectified when energy savings of different heating modes are calculated. This paper proposes an energy consumption rectification method based on Bayesian linear regression and heating degree-days, to obtain heating energy consumptions without the influence of different outdoor temperatures. The proposed method consists of three main steps. First, a physical model of heating houses is used to prove a relationship between energy consumptions and heating degree-days. Second, Bayesian linear regression is exploited to estimate uncertainty ranges of heating energy consumptions. Finally, heating energy consumptions are rectified, and energy savings with their uncertainty ranges for different heating modes under the same outdoor temperature are obtained. The proposed method does not require the physical parameters of heating houses to facilitate practical implementation. Additionally, it provides uncertainty ranges of heating energy consumptions to measure the estimation accuracy. Numerical and experimental examples show that the proposed method provides more accurate estimates of heating energy consumptions than existing methods.
{"title":"An energy consumption rectification method based on Bayesian linear regression and heating degree-days","authors":"Shouchen Sun, Jiandong Wang, Qingdian Sun, Changsheng Zhao","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1920","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The time-varying external environment is one of the main variables influencing heating energy consumptions, so that its influence should be rectified when energy savings of different heating modes are calculated. This paper proposes an energy consumption rectification method based on Bayesian linear regression and heating degree-days, to obtain heating energy consumptions without the influence of different outdoor temperatures. The proposed method consists of three main steps. First, a physical model of heating houses is used to prove a relationship between energy consumptions and heating degree-days. Second, Bayesian linear regression is exploited to estimate uncertainty ranges of heating energy consumptions. Finally, heating energy consumptions are rectified, and energy savings with their uncertainty ranges for different heating modes under the same outdoor temperature are obtained. The proposed method does not require the physical parameters of heating houses to facilitate practical implementation. Additionally, it provides uncertainty ranges of heating energy consumptions to measure the estimation accuracy. Numerical and experimental examples show that the proposed method provides more accurate estimates of heating energy consumptions than existing methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A direct consequence of the rapid expansion of civilization and modernization trends is the escalation in global warming and the consequential climatic upheavals. The world has actively advocated the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) as a response to the environmental challenges posed by vehicular emissions. It is evident that conventional fuel-based charging infrastructures are economically impractical and lack organizational cohesion in light of the proliferation of EVs. An EV charging station powered by renewable energy presents a promising opportunity for enhancing flexibility and control. It is imperative that EV charging stations be equipped with solar power and standby batteries (SBBs). Consequently, this article presents and evaluates a system that utilizes a proportional-integral-derivative controller, a neural network-equipped grid and a charging station utilizing a Dragon Fly Optimization Algorithm to generate power and a maximum power point tracking controller. To achieve optimal power management within the charging station, MATLAB/Simulink is used to implement and rigorously test the proposed system. It orchestrates the interaction between the solar panel, backup battery, grid and EVs. Compared to existing systems in the literature, the comprehensive system exhibits commendable efficiency. Due to the pivotal role played by grid integration and the SBB, the system can ensure a reliable power supply to the charging station under any weather conditions.
{"title":"Developing a resilient framework for electric vehicle charging stations harnessing solar energy, standby batteries and grid integration with advanced control mechanisms","authors":"Debabrata Mazumdar, Pabitra K. Biswas, Chiranjit Sain, Furkan Ahmad, Luluwah Al-Fagih","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1888","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A direct consequence of the rapid expansion of civilization and modernization trends is the escalation in global warming and the consequential climatic upheavals. The world has actively advocated the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) as a response to the environmental challenges posed by vehicular emissions. It is evident that conventional fuel-based charging infrastructures are economically impractical and lack organizational cohesion in light of the proliferation of EVs. An EV charging station powered by renewable energy presents a promising opportunity for enhancing flexibility and control. It is imperative that EV charging stations be equipped with solar power and standby batteries (SBBs). Consequently, this article presents and evaluates a system that utilizes a proportional-integral-derivative controller, a neural network-equipped grid and a charging station utilizing a Dragon Fly Optimization Algorithm to generate power and a maximum power point tracking controller. To achieve optimal power management within the charging station, MATLAB/Simulink is used to implement and rigorously test the proposed system. It orchestrates the interaction between the solar panel, backup battery, grid and EVs. Compared to existing systems in the literature, the comprehensive system exhibits commendable efficiency. Due to the pivotal role played by grid integration and the SBB, the system can ensure a reliable power supply to the charging station under any weather conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1888","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To intuitively and systematically grasp the development status and trend of safety evaluation research in China's coal mining operations, we consulted relevant literature in the fields of “coal mine” and “safety evaluation” collected by China Knowledge Network, and deployed CiteSpace V software to summarize and analyze research pertaining to safety evaluation in China's coal mines from three aspects: research institutions, authors, and hot keywords. With respect to research institutions, the results show that although many researchers have conducted in-depth evaluations of coal mine safety, most of these studies were independent, and two-way information exchange and cooperation between research institutions remains scarce. With respect to authors, most cooperation between authors has been limited to team members, and relatively stable research teams have been formed. However, most of these research teams are independent. With respect to hot keywords, the trends of coal mine safety evaluation studies exhibit continuous change, with an overall increase in richness. According to the frequency burst times of important keywords, “entropy weight method” and “mining with pressure” are expected to remain important keywords in future evaluations of coal mine safety in China.
{"title":"Visual analysis of coal mine safety using CiteSpace V","authors":"Xuesen Zhang, Li Yang","doi":"10.1002/ese3.1889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1889","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To intuitively and systematically grasp the development status and trend of safety evaluation research in China's coal mining operations, we consulted relevant literature in the fields of “coal mine” and “safety evaluation” collected by China Knowledge Network, and deployed CiteSpace V software to summarize and analyze research pertaining to safety evaluation in China's coal mines from three aspects: research institutions, authors, and hot keywords. With respect to research institutions, the results show that although many researchers have conducted in-depth evaluations of coal mine safety, most of these studies were independent, and two-way information exchange and cooperation between research institutions remains scarce. With respect to authors, most cooperation between authors has been limited to team members, and relatively stable research teams have been formed. However, most of these research teams are independent. With respect to hot keywords, the trends of coal mine safety evaluation studies exhibit continuous change, with an overall increase in richness. According to the frequency burst times of important keywords, “entropy weight method” and “mining with pressure” are expected to remain important keywords in future evaluations of coal mine safety in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":11673,"journal":{"name":"Energy Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ese3.1889","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>This study investigates the flow dynamics and energy losses of Tesla turbines using Computational Fluid Dynamics with OpenFOAM. Our goal is to identify the main sources of energy loss. Four main sources of energy loss were identified. The most significant loss occurred during the conversion of pressure energy to kinetic energy, estimated to range from <span></span><math>