Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101020
Alan Shaji, V.C. Deivayanai, A. Saravanan, P.R. Yaashikaa
Advances in refined wastewater treatment are critical for removing dangerous chemicals and supporting environmentally friendly activities. Polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) have emerged as potential materials for this use, particularly in prosthetics. This analysis emphasizes on the development and promise of PNCs, particularly polymer membrane technology, for wastewater treatment. It categorizes PNCs according to matrix phase, shape, size, and temperature responsiveness, as well as discusses various synthesis methods. The novelty of the review focuses on the application of PNCs as (i) adsorptive materials for pollutant removal, (ii) photocatalysts that employ visible light to treat water, and (iii) filtering units for effective contaminant separation. The current state of nanocomposites for environmental applications is examined, as well as future thoughts on their role in sustainable pollution reduction. This analysis intends to provide insights into PNCs’ potential to alleviate present wastewater treatment difficulties while also improving environmental sustainability.
{"title":"A comprehensive overview of polymeric nanocomposites for environmental pollution mitigation: Assessing health risks and applications","authors":"Alan Shaji, V.C. Deivayanai, A. Saravanan, P.R. Yaashikaa","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advances in refined wastewater treatment are critical for removing dangerous chemicals and supporting environmentally friendly activities. Polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) have emerged as potential materials for this use, particularly in prosthetics. This analysis emphasizes on the development and promise of PNCs, particularly polymer membrane technology, for wastewater treatment. It categorizes PNCs according to matrix phase, shape, size, and temperature responsiveness, as well as discusses various synthesis methods. The novelty of the review focuses on the application of PNCs as (i) adsorptive materials for pollutant removal, (ii) photocatalysts that employ visible light to treat water, and (iii) filtering units for effective contaminant separation. The current state of nanocomposites for environmental applications is examined, as well as future thoughts on their role in sustainable pollution reduction. This analysis intends to provide insights into PNCs’ potential to alleviate present wastewater treatment difficulties while also improving environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article addresses the nanoadsorption mechanisms of rhodamine B (RB), crystal violet (CV), and Congo red (CR) using acid-treated C.edulis (ATCE)/CuFe2O4 (ATCE@CuFe2O4) from an aqueous solution. The physical and chemical characterizations of nanobiomass were studied using different techniques. The specific surface areas of the ATCE and ATCE@CuFe2O4 composites were 15.88 and 337.81 m2/g, respectively, indicating a significant specific surface area of the ATCE@CuFe2O4 nanocomposite. A number of functional groups were determined, which promote the binding of the dye to the adsorbent. The SEM also shows that the adsorbent has a homogeneous texture with deep voids and significant porosity, which likely explains the retention and binding of dye ions on the surface of the adsorbent. In fact, the Langmuir isotherm with a correlation coefficient of 99 % for CV, RB and CR, respectively, represents the most suitable model to explain the adsorption mechanism. The maximum adsorption amount is 666.6 mg/g for CV, 645.16 mg/g for RB and 434.71 mg/g for CR at 308 °K. The adsorption kinetic processes were predicted by the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The thermodynamic properties showed that the adsorption on ATCE@CuFe2O4 was possible and spontaneous. The ATCE@CuFe2O4 recycling and elimination CV, RB, and CR were 74.23 %, 72.75 %, and 67.84 %, respectively, after seven cycles. The design, modeling and optimization of the adsorption parameters were carried out using the Taguchi experimental design. The maximum removal efficiency of CV, RB and CR dyes in optimal operating conditions were 99.96, 98.29 and 97.76 %, respectively. Which at the optimal conditions of 1 g/L, 90 min, 20 mg/L, 298 °K, pH 10 for CV and RB dyes and 1 g/L, 90 min, 20 mg/L, 308 °K, pH 4 for CR. This research demonstrated the performance of ATCE@CuFe2O4 in bean seed germination test and its effectiveness in removing dyes from wastewater.
{"title":"Enhanced cationic/anionic dyes removal in wastewater by green nanocomposites synthesized from acid-modified biomass and CuFe2O4 nanoparticles: Mechanism, Taguchi optimization and toxicity evaluation","authors":"Abdelkader Dabagh, Abdallah Assouani, Fatima Zahra Erraji, Mahmoudy Guellaa, Abdeljalil Ait Ichou, Mohamed EL-Habacha, Fouad Sinan, Mohamed Zerbet","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article addresses the nanoadsorption mechanisms of rhodamine B (RB), crystal violet (CV), and Congo red (CR) using acid-treated <em>C.edulis</em> (ATCE)/CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (ATCE@CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) from an aqueous solution. The physical and chemical characterizations of nanobiomass were studied using different techniques. The specific surface areas of the ATCE and ATCE@CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composites were 15.88 and 337.81 m<sup>2</sup>/g, respectively, indicating a significant specific surface area of the ATCE@CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite. A number of functional groups were determined, which promote the binding of the dye to the adsorbent. The SEM also shows that the adsorbent has a homogeneous texture with deep voids and significant porosity, which likely explains the retention and binding of dye ions on the surface of the adsorbent. In fact, the Langmuir isotherm with a correlation coefficient of 99 % for CV, RB and CR, respectively, represents the most suitable model to explain the adsorption mechanism. The maximum adsorption amount is 666.6 mg/g for CV, 645.16 mg/g for RB and 434.71 mg/g for CR at 308 °K. The adsorption kinetic processes were predicted by the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The thermodynamic properties showed that the adsorption on ATCE@CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was possible and spontaneous. The ATCE@CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> recycling and elimination CV, RB, and CR were 74.23 %, 72.75 %, and 67.84 %, respectively, after seven cycles. The design, modeling and optimization of the adsorption parameters were carried out using the Taguchi experimental design. The maximum removal efficiency of CV, RB and CR dyes in optimal operating conditions were 99.96, 98.29 and 97.76 %, respectively. Which at the optimal conditions of 1 g/L, 90 min, 20 mg/L, 298 <sup>°</sup>K, pH 10 for CV and RB dyes and 1 g/L, 90 min, 20 mg/L, 308 <sup>°</sup>K, pH 4 for CR. This research demonstrated the performance of ATCE@CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> in bean seed germination test and its effectiveness in removing dyes from wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101018
Zahraa Ali Hammood , Ahmed A. Mohammed
This study focused on CaMgAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) based nanocomposite synthesized by a co-precipitation method combined with red mud (RM). The prepared red mud-supported CaMgAl-LDH was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), then subsequently used to remove tetracycline (TEC) from an aqueous solution. The TEC maximum adsorption capacity of nanocomposite was 108.753 mg/g. The maximum removal efficiency of 96.91 % was reached under the optimum conditions: pH 6, agitation speed 150 rpm, dosage 0.4 g/100 ml, and initial concentration 70 mg/l with a contact time of 90 min. The experimental adsorption data were fitted well by the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo second-order model well describe the kinetics of TEC adsorption onto CaMgAl-LDH/RM sites. The adsorption mechanisms were controlled by external mass transfer as well as intra-particle diffusion. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH°) indicated that the adsorption of TEC onto red mud-CaMgAl was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Only a 27 % reduction in the prepared adsorbent′s removal efficiency was noted after six sequential regeneration cycles. This work demonstrates that red mud-supported CaMgAl-LDH offers a potentially efficient adsorbent for the removal of antibiotics from aqueous solution.
{"title":"Adsorption of tetracycline from an aqueous solution on a CaMgAl-layer double hydroxide/red mud composite: Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies","authors":"Zahraa Ali Hammood , Ahmed A. Mohammed","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focused on CaMgAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) based nanocomposite synthesized by a co-precipitation method combined with red mud (RM). The prepared red mud-supported CaMgAl-LDH was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), then subsequently used to remove tetracycline (TEC) from an aqueous solution. The TEC maximum adsorption capacity of nanocomposite was 108.753 mg/g. The maximum removal efficiency of 96.91 % was reached under the optimum conditions: pH 6, agitation speed 150 rpm, dosage 0.4 g/100 ml, and initial concentration 70 mg/l with a contact time of 90 min. The experimental adsorption data were fitted well by the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo second-order model well describe the kinetics of TEC adsorption onto CaMgAl-LDH/RM sites. The adsorption mechanisms were controlled by external mass transfer as well as intra-particle diffusion. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH°) indicated that the adsorption of TEC onto red mud-CaMgAl was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Only a 27 % reduction in the prepared adsorbent′s removal efficiency was noted after six sequential regeneration cycles. This work demonstrates that red mud-supported CaMgAl-LDH offers a potentially efficient adsorbent for the removal of antibiotics from aqueous solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101013
M. Ahmed Mubarak , Reem Mohamed , Sameh Ahmed Rizk , Atef Samir Darwish , Osama Abuzalat , Mohamed Eid M. Ali
In this study, we introduce an advanced photocatalyst developed by integrating copper sulfide quantum dots (CuS QDs) with an iron-based metal–organic framework (MOF), specifically Fe MIL101. The resulting CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 photocatalyst is engineered to efficiently degrade meloxicam (MLX) under simulated sunlight. The heterojunctions were generated by incorporating different concentrations of CuS QDs (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, and 50 %) into the Fe MIL101 MOF matrix using the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The results of the XRD and the TEM studies confirmed the formation of the heterojunctions, which maintain the structural integrity of both CuS QDs and Fe MIL101. The BET measurements indicated a decrease in surface area upon CuS QDs incorporation, attributed to porés blockage and structural modifications. UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) revealed a redshift in absorption edges as CuS QDs content increased, enhancing visible light absorption. Photoluminescence (PL) investigations revealed that the 15 % CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 heterojunction had an effective charge separation and low recombination rates. The zeta potential analysis revealed a negative surface charge, indicating an overall electronegative characteristic. The photocatalytic performance, assessed through the degradation of MLX, demonstrated that the 15 % CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 heterojunction achieved the maximum degradation efficiency, reaching 96 % after 45 min of irradiation at a dosage of 0.1 g/L. This exceptional performance is attributed to potent charge separation, improving visible light absorption, high surface area and adsorption capacity. Various scavengers were used to investigate the roles of different reactive species, revealing holes as the predominant active species in the photocatalytic degradation process. These results highlight the potential of 15 % CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 heterojunctions as efficient photocatalyst for environmental remediation from pharmaceutical pollutants under simulated sunlight. These findings highlight the potential for application of CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 in real-world wastewater treatment systems, particularly in addressing pharmaceutical contaminants like meloxicam in industrial effluents.
{"title":"Competent CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 heterojunction for Sunlight-driven degradation of pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater","authors":"M. Ahmed Mubarak , Reem Mohamed , Sameh Ahmed Rizk , Atef Samir Darwish , Osama Abuzalat , Mohamed Eid M. Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we introduce an advanced photocatalyst developed by integrating copper sulfide quantum dots (CuS QDs) with an iron-based metal–organic framework (MOF), specifically Fe MIL101. The resulting CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 photocatalyst is engineered to efficiently degrade meloxicam (MLX) under simulated sunlight. The heterojunctions were generated by incorporating different concentrations of CuS QDs (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, and 50 %) into the Fe MIL101 MOF matrix using the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The results of the XRD and the TEM studies confirmed the formation of the heterojunctions, which maintain the structural integrity of both CuS QDs and Fe MIL101. The BET measurements indicated a decrease in surface area upon CuS QDs incorporation, attributed to porés blockage and structural modifications. UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) revealed a redshift in absorption edges as CuS QDs content increased, enhancing visible light absorption. Photoluminescence (PL) investigations revealed that the 15 % CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 heterojunction had an effective charge separation and low recombination rates. The zeta potential analysis revealed a negative surface charge, indicating an overall electronegative characteristic. The photocatalytic performance, assessed through the degradation of MLX, demonstrated that the 15 % CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 heterojunction achieved the maximum degradation efficiency, reaching 96 % after 45 min of irradiation at a dosage of 0.1 g/L. This exceptional performance is attributed to potent charge separation, improving visible light absorption, high surface area and adsorption capacity. Various scavengers were used to investigate the roles of different reactive species, revealing holes as the predominant active species in the photocatalytic degradation process. These results highlight the potential of 15 % CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 heterojunctions as efficient photocatalyst for environmental remediation from pharmaceutical pollutants under simulated sunlight. These findings highlight the potential for application of CuS QDs@Fe MIL101 in real-world wastewater treatment systems, particularly in addressing pharmaceutical contaminants like meloxicam in industrial effluents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101016
Callistus I. Iheme , Peace M. John , Gift I. Charleswalter , Evangelina O. Ohaeri , Chioma Y. Ezirim , Winifred N. Nsofor , Elias E. Emeka , Chidi U. Igwe , Chinwe S. Alisi
High soil salinity induces osmotic and ionic stress that threaten crop production worldwide and affect food security. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on salinized Zea mays. Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using an aqueous leaf extract of Diodella sarmentosa, and the results of the characterization using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV–visible spectrophotometer, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the presence of polydisperse spherical iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) with a light absorption peak at 290 nm, and a size ranging from 3.03 nm to 87.04 nm. Daily foliar application of FeONPs on the salinized Zea mays for 10 days, significantly (p < 0.05) improved the plant’s photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophyl (175.71 %), chlorophyll a (256.34 %), chlorophyll b (77.01 %), carotenoid (39.36 %), root length (9.87 %), and antioxidant enzyme activities, compared to the untreated and bulk FeCl3·6H2O-treated controls. Since iron is known to promote photosynthetic pigment synthesis, the enhanced photosynthetic indices observed in the FeONPs-treated pot compared to the bulk FeCl3·6H2O-treated pot, may have resulted from the size-aided absorption of the FeONPs more than FeCl3·6H2O From the findings, it can be deduced that FeONPs can improve the growth and development of saline-stressed Zea mays by enhancing the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, while improving the photosynthetic pigments of the plant.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and ameliorative effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on saline-stressed Zea mays","authors":"Callistus I. Iheme , Peace M. John , Gift I. Charleswalter , Evangelina O. Ohaeri , Chioma Y. Ezirim , Winifred N. Nsofor , Elias E. Emeka , Chidi U. Igwe , Chinwe S. Alisi","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High soil salinity induces osmotic and ionic stress that threaten crop production worldwide and affect food security. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on salinized <em>Zea mays</em>. Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using an aqueous leaf extract of <em>Diodella sarmentosa</em>, and the results of the characterization using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV–visible spectrophotometer, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the presence of polydisperse spherical iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) with a light absorption peak at 290 nm, and a size ranging from 3.03 nm to 87.04 nm. Daily foliar application of FeONPs on the salinized <em>Zea mays</em> for 10 days, significantly (p < 0.05) improved the plant’s photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophyl (175.71 %), chlorophyll <em>a</em> (256.34 %), chlorophyll <em>b</em> (77.01 %), carotenoid (39.36 %), root length (9.87 %), and antioxidant enzyme activities, compared to the untreated and bulk FeCl<sub>3</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O-treated controls. Since iron is known to promote photosynthetic pigment synthesis, the enhanced photosynthetic indices observed in the FeONPs-treated pot compared to the bulk FeCl<sub>3</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O-treated pot, may have resulted from the size-aided absorption of the FeONPs more than FeCl<sub>3</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O From the findings, it can be deduced that FeONPs can improve the growth and development of saline-stressed <em>Zea mays</em> by enhancing the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, while improving the photosynthetic pigments of the plant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101016"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this current study, a new class of multifunctional biobased ecofriendly nanosorbents namely crystalline nanocellulose-activated char (CNC-AC) nanosorbents were fabricated by employing a much more innovative and beneficial solvent evaporation induced phase separation (EIPS) technique. While the crystalline nanocellulose (CNC) were extracted from a very much new, innovative, and beneficial agrowaste source namely banana tree (M. oranta) rachis fibers by conducting a series of chemical treatments like scouring, alkali treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis reactions. Additionally, the biochar were synthesized from the residual mass of Magnolia champaca L. barks after methanol extraction and functionalized by 30 % H3PO4 to improve their overall properties. Besides these the fixed-bed continuous column adsorption study were carried out by optimizing the various influential factors such as preliminary concentration and flow rates of the inlet wastewater solution, along with the nanosorbent bed heights into the applied column. For better understanding the overall physicochemical, thermomechanical, and morphostructural behavior of the newly fabricated polyfunctional CNC-AC bionanosorbents the samples were characterized by conducting FTIR-ATR, FESEM, BET, XRD, TGA analysis. Meanwhile the treated and nontreated water specimens were examined by conducting AAS and UV–vis-NIR techniques. The obtained results recommended that the newly produced CNC-AC nanosorbents have contained a quite number of active edges/binding sites along with substantial sp. surface area (around 316.95 m2/g). Additionally, they possessed a crystallinity index about 59.98 ± 0.027 %, greater thermal steadiness up to 600 °C, and outstanding 2D honeycomb-like mesoporous peripheral surface microstructure with a promising spherical shapes and smaller size nearly 5–10 nm. The highest removal capacity were found at 538.91 mg/g and 455.70 mg/g for Pb2+ and CR respectively. Additionally, for better understanding the experimental breakthrough curves (BTC) were evaluated by several well established column models while the maximum R2 value was found around 0.999 for the Thomas model and reduced chi squire (χ2) value was around 0.0001.
{"title":"Fabrication of CNC-AC bionanosorbents from the residual mass of Magnolia champaca l. Bark after methanol extraction for wastewater treatment: Continuous column adsorption study","authors":"Md. Mahmudur Rahman , Md. Ismail Hossain , Bijoy Chandra Ghos , Md. Abdul Gafur , Md.Ashraful Alam , Md. Jasim Uddin , Mst. Sarmina Yeasmin , Mehedi Hasan , Tahmina Akter Chowdhury , G.M. Masud Rana , Adity Karmakar , Jaytirmoy Barmon","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this current study, a new class of multifunctional biobased ecofriendly nanosorbents namely crystalline nanocellulose-activated char (CNC-AC) nanosorbents were fabricated by employing a much more innovative and beneficial solvent evaporation induced phase separation (EIPS) technique. While the crystalline nanocellulose (CNC) were extracted from a very much new, innovative, and beneficial agrowaste source namely banana tree (<em>M. oranta</em>) rachis fibers by conducting a series of chemical treatments like scouring, alkali treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis reactions. Additionally, the biochar were synthesized from the residual mass of <em>Magnolia champaca</em> L. barks after methanol extraction and functionalized by 30 % H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> to improve their overall properties. Besides these the fixed-bed continuous column adsorption study were carried out by optimizing the various influential factors such as preliminary concentration and flow rates of the inlet wastewater solution, along with the nanosorbent bed heights into the applied column. For better understanding the overall physicochemical, thermomechanical, and morphostructural behavior of the newly fabricated polyfunctional CNC-AC bionanosorbents the samples were characterized by conducting FTIR-ATR, FESEM, BET, XRD, TGA analysis. Meanwhile the treated and nontreated water specimens were examined by conducting AAS and UV–vis-NIR techniques. The obtained results recommended that the newly produced CNC-AC nanosorbents have contained a quite number of active edges/binding sites along with substantial sp. surface area (around 316.95 m<sup>2</sup>/g). Additionally, they possessed a crystallinity index about 59.98 ± 0.027 %, greater thermal steadiness up to 600 °C, and outstanding 2D honeycomb-like mesoporous peripheral surface microstructure with a promising spherical shapes and smaller size nearly 5–10 nm. The highest removal capacity were found at <strong>538.91</strong> mg/g and <strong>455.70</strong> mg/g for Pb<sup>2+</sup> and CR respectively. Additionally, for better understanding the experimental breakthrough curves (BTC) were evaluated by several well established column models while the maximum R<sup>2</sup> value was found around <strong>0.999</strong> for the Thomas model and reduced chi squire (χ<sup>2</sup>) value was around <strong>0.0001</strong>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the electrooxidation treatment of synthetic urine (SU) using quaternary mixed metal oxide (d-MMO) anodes in both batch and continuous modes. We combine photocatalysis (PC) and electrooxidation (EO) to enhance pollutant degradation. The impact of treatment time, pH, Na/Cl ratio, and current density on COD removal and the specific energy consumption is examined. Optimized parameters for batch EO treatment yield a desirability value (D) of 0.941, with COD removal of 90.55 % and energy consumption of 20.851 kWh/kg of COD removed. Treatment time is reduced from 10.05 h to 6.5 h with PEC (Photoelectrocatalysis) incorporation. The stability and durability of anodes are confirmed through XRD and FE-SEM/EDS analysis, even after 500 recycling cycles. This research stands out for utilizing innovative d-MMO anodes for EO and PEC, capturing molecular hydrogen gas during scale-up trials for SU. Through this study, we are proposing for the first time, the novel composition of d-MMO (Ti/IrO2/Ta2O5/SnO2/Sb2O5) for the treatment of SU on a pilot-scale in continuous mode with solar panels, thus making the process cost effective with less energy consumption.
{"title":"Disinfection of synthetic human urine by mixed metal oxide anode through photo/electrochemical oxidation","authors":"Jayishnu Singla , Poulomi Chandra , Palak Bansal , Anoop Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the electrooxidation treatment of synthetic urine (SU) using quaternary mixed metal oxide (d-MMO) anodes in both batch and continuous modes. We combine photocatalysis (PC) and electrooxidation (EO) to enhance pollutant degradation. The impact of treatment time, pH, Na/Cl ratio, and current density on COD removal and the specific energy consumption is examined. Optimized parameters for batch EO treatment yield a desirability value (D) of 0.941, with COD removal of 90.55 % and energy consumption of 20.851 kWh/kg of COD removed. Treatment time is reduced from 10.05 h to 6.5 h with PEC (Photoelectrocatalysis) incorporation. The stability and durability of anodes are confirmed through XRD and FE-SEM/EDS analysis, even after 500 recycling cycles. This research stands out for utilizing innovative d-MMO anodes for EO and PEC, capturing molecular hydrogen gas during scale-up trials for SU. Through this study, we are proposing for the first time, the novel composition of d-MMO (Ti/IrO<sub>2</sub>/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/SnO<sub>2</sub>/Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) for the treatment of SU on a pilot-scale in continuous mode with solar panels, thus making the process cost effective with less energy consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increasing occurrence of emergent pollutants in water bodies, such as ciprofloxacin (CIP), underscores the interest in the study of remediation processes. In this context, adsorption emerges as a widely utilized method, employing both economically viable biowaste and highly efficient specialized materials as adsorbents. The main objective of this research was to prepare a composite from sugarcane bagasse (SB) and carbon nanotubes to study its applicability as an adsorbent in the removal of CIP. The composite was prepared by ultrasonic dispersion of alkalinized sugarcane bagasse fibers and oxidized carbon nanotubes. The uptake of CIP was tested by a series of batch experiments with parameter variations. Surface properties were characterized by using SEM, FTIR, and XRD analysis. The composite had a pHPZC = 6.46 with a proportion of active acid sites of 61.67 % and a phenolic groups predominance. The addition of oxidized carbon nanotubes increased the sorption capacity up to 20 % compared with SB. The study revealed enhanced sorption in the slightly acidic zone at pH values close to pHPZC. Indeed, mechanisms favorable to sorption were π-π interaction and low CIP solubility. Process kinetics followed pseudo the second order and Weber and Morris models. Finally, experimental data seemed to fit the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 16.835 mg·g−1 at 30 °C, without disregarding the Freundlich mechanism since the regression factor R2 is similar for both.
{"title":"Adsorption of ciprofloxacin on sugarcane bagasse modified with carbon nanotubes: Influence of parameters and sorption mechanism","authors":"Marlon Castillo , Eulalia Vanegas , Christian Cruzat , Néstor Novoa , Ramón Arrué","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing occurrence of emergent pollutants in water bodies, such as ciprofloxacin (CIP), underscores the interest in the study of remediation processes. In this context, adsorption emerges as a widely utilized method, employing both economically viable biowaste and highly efficient specialized materials as adsorbents. The main objective of this research was to prepare a composite from sugarcane bagasse (SB) and carbon nanotubes to study its applicability as an adsorbent in the removal of CIP. The composite was prepared by ultrasonic dispersion of alkalinized sugarcane bagasse fibers and oxidized carbon nanotubes. The uptake of CIP was tested by a series of batch experiments with parameter variations. Surface properties were characterized by using SEM, FTIR, and XRD analysis. The composite had a pH<sub>PZC</sub> = 6.46 with a proportion of active acid sites of 61.67 % and a phenolic groups predominance. The addition of oxidized carbon nanotubes increased the sorption capacity up to 20 % compared with SB. The study revealed enhanced sorption in the slightly acidic zone at pH values close to pH<sub>PZC</sub>. Indeed, mechanisms favorable to sorption were π-π interaction and low CIP solubility. Process kinetics followed pseudo the second order and Weber and Morris models. Finally, experimental data seemed to fit the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity (q<sub>m</sub>) of 16.835 mg·g<sup>−1</sup> at 30 °C, without disregarding the Freundlich mechanism since the regression factor R<sup>2</sup> is similar for both.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101014"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water pollution caused by toxic organic compounds (Dyes, agrochemicals, antibiotics, etc.) and waterborne bacteria presents significant global challenges that demand innovative solutions. Nanomaterials have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional water treatment methods due to their unique properties, such as antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities, as well as superior adsorption capabilities. Among these, bismuth chalcogenides (Bi2S3, Bi2O3, Bi2Se3) have attracted considerable interest for their low toxicity, suitable band gaps in the visible spectrum, and potent antimicrobial properties. This review examines the significant role of bismuth chalcogenide-based single and multiphase nanostructures in addressing water pollution through photocatalytic degradation, adsorption, and antimicrobial processes. Despite excellent photocatalytic activity of single phase bismuth chalcogenides nanomaterials, it also enhances visible light absorption capacity of UV active materials (TiO2, ZnO etc.) in combine state. It delves into the antimicrobial mechanisms of bismuth chalcogenides and explores their enhanced efficacy when combined with loaded drugs, natural bioactive compounds, and doped metals such as silver (Ag) and gold (Au). The review also provides an in-depth discussion on the challenges associated with synthesizing bismuth chalcogenide nanomaterials and their potential applications in water purification.
{"title":"Bismuth chalcogenide assisted Nanomaterials: A versatile platform against harmful bacteria and toxic organic moieties","authors":"Jyoti Rai , Mukesh Kumar Verma , Munish Sharma , Raj Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water pollution caused by toxic organic compounds (Dyes, agrochemicals, antibiotics, etc.) and waterborne bacteria presents significant global challenges that demand innovative solutions. Nanomaterials have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional water treatment methods due to their unique properties, such as antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities, as well as superior adsorption capabilities. Among these, bismuth chalcogenides (Bi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>) have attracted considerable interest for their low toxicity, suitable band gaps in the visible spectrum, and potent antimicrobial properties. This review examines the significant role of bismuth chalcogenide-based single and multiphase nanostructures in addressing water pollution through photocatalytic degradation, adsorption, and antimicrobial processes. Despite excellent photocatalytic activity of single phase bismuth chalcogenides nanomaterials, it also enhances visible light absorption capacity of UV active materials (TiO<sub>2</sub>, ZnO etc.) in combine state. It delves into the antimicrobial mechanisms of bismuth chalcogenides and explores their enhanced efficacy when combined with loaded drugs, natural bioactive compounds, and doped metals such as silver (Ag) and gold (Au). The review also provides an in-depth discussion on the challenges associated with synthesizing bismuth chalcogenide nanomaterials and their potential applications in water purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) using V. corymbosum extracts as a reducing agent, varying the ultrasound extraction times (t1 = 20 min, t2 = 15 min, t3 = 10 min). Ag NPs exhibited an antimicrobial efficiency of 98.2 %, being most effective with t2 due to their smaller size. ZnO NPs demonstrated the best thermal stability with t1, and FeO NPs showed optimal magnetic properties with t3. The reduction of methylene blue by ZnO and FeO NPs was significant, with ZnO-t1 and FeO-t3 standing out. The nanoparticles exhibited distinctive optical characteristics and adequate morphology, depending on the extraction time. This work highlights the feasibility of using natural extracts to synthesize nanoparticles, promoting sustainable methods in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Future research should focus on the functionalization of NPs to expand their applications.
{"title":"Valorization of Vaccinium corymbosum waste from the extraction of bioactive compounds: Nanoparticles synthesis and applications","authors":"Cristina Espinoza-Tongo , David Asmat-Campos , Heber Robles-Castillo , Noemi Raquel-Checca","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) using <em>V. corymbosum</em> extracts as a reducing agent, varying the ultrasound extraction times (t1 = 20 min, t2 = 15 min, t3 = 10 min). Ag NPs exhibited an antimicrobial efficiency of 98.2 %, being most effective with t2 due to their smaller size. ZnO NPs demonstrated the best thermal stability with t1, and FeO NPs showed optimal magnetic properties with t3. The reduction of methylene blue by ZnO and FeO NPs was significant, with ZnO-t1 and FeO-t3 standing out. The nanoparticles exhibited distinctive optical characteristics and adequate morphology, depending on the extraction time. This work highlights the feasibility of using natural extracts to synthesize nanoparticles, promoting sustainable methods in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Future research should focus on the functionalization of NPs to expand their applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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