Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management最新文献_第2页

Adsorptive and Photo-Fenton catalytic activities of Iron-Tungstate/Reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for hospital wastewater treatment 钨酸铁/还原氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料在医院废水处理中的吸附及光fenton催化活性

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101117

O.J. Ajala , J.O. Tijani , A.S. Abdulkareem , R.B. Salau , O.S. Aremu , D. Onwudiwe , T.C. Egbosiuba , M.N. Alharthi , Y. Balogun

This study presents the synthesis, characterization, and application of a novel FeWO₄/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite as adsorptive and photo-fenton agent for the removal of heavy metals and treatment of hospital wastewater. The nanocomposite was successfully prepared using a one-pot synthesis method and characterized by various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analyser, high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. FeWO₄/rGO nanocomposite demonstrated excellent adsorption capacity for lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr), with maximum removal efficiencies of 86.68 %, 80.13 %, 70.52 %, 68.10 %, and 61.87 %, respectively. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, with the optimal conditions being 0.1 g of adsorbent, 120 min of contact time, and 200 rpm stirring speed. In addition, FeWO₄/rGO nanocomposite exhibited notable photo-Fenton catalytic activity under solar radiation, achieving a significant reduction in biological oxygen demand (63.54 %), total organic carbon (39.14 %), and chemical oxygen demand (33.33 %) in hospital wastewater. The optimization of the photo-Fenton process, conducted via the Box-Behnken Design, showed that the optimal conditions for organic pollutants degradation were 0.35 g of catalyst, pH 7, and 147.27 min of reaction time. These findings highlight the potential of FeWO₄/rGO nanocomposites for effective wastewater treatment, offering a sustainable solution for the removal of hazardous pollutants from hospital effluents.

本研究介绍了一种新型FeWO4/还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）纳米复合材料的合成、表征和应用，该材料作为吸附和光fenton剂，用于去除重金属和处理医院废水。采用一锅法成功制备了纳米复合材料，并通过x射线衍射（XRD）、布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒（BET）表面积分析仪、高分辨率扫描电子显微镜（HRSEM）、能谱分析（EDS）和紫外可见光谱等多种技术对其进行了表征。FeWO4/rGO纳米复合材料对铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）和铬（Cr）具有良好的吸附能力，最大去除率分别为86.68%、80.13%、70.52%、68.10%和61.87%。吸附过程符合准二级动力学，最佳条件为吸附剂用量0.1 g、接触时间120 min、搅拌速度200 rpm。此外，FeWO4/rGO纳米复合材料在太阳辐射下表现出显著的光- fenton催化活性，可显著降低医院废水中的生物需氧量（63.54%）、总有机碳（39.14%）和化学需氧量（33.33%）。通过Box-Behnken设计对光- fenton工艺进行优化，结果表明，催化剂用量为0.35 g， pH为7，反应时间为147.27 min，对有机污染物的降解效果最优。这些发现突出了FeWO4/rGO纳米复合材料在有效处理废水方面的潜力，为去除医院废水中的有害污染物提供了一种可持续的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Graphene-based hydrogel modified o-DGT device for in situ sampling of atenolol 用于阿替洛尔原位取样的石墨烯基水凝胶改性o-DGT装置

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2026.101131

Mayara Bitencourt Leão , Rafael Garrett Dolatto , Marco Tadeu Grassi , Carolina Ferreira de Matos Jauris , Andreia Neves Fernandes

This work aimed to develop an o-DGT device with a graphene-based hydrogel-modified binding layer (3D-rGO) to sample atenolol in water. The boundary conditions of the device were determined by the diffusion coefficients and by the evaluation of the influence of pH and ionic strength. Afterward, the device was practically applied to a tap water sample. The results obtained for the device showed that atenolol can be efficiently quantified, presenting a diffusion coefficient at 25 °C of 3.75 x 10^-6 cm² s⁻¹. The pH had no effect on the device; however, elution optimization studies indicated interference from ionic strength during the sampling step. This interference can be overcome by using the apparent diffusion coefficient or adjusting the binding layer’s ionic strength before sampler assembly. The experimental diffusion coefficient was compared with theoretical diffusion coefficients found by the Hayduk-Laudie equation and Archie’s law, verifying the greater reliability of the experimental results. When applied to a sample of tap water, with a concentration of 0.1 mg L⁻¹, the device performed well, with 92% recovery of atenolol in tap water. These results were obtained from an LOQ of 0.2 mg L⁻¹. The results were promising, and the use of 3D-rGO proved favorable, primarily due to its environmentally friendly synthesis route, thereby consolidating its potential for environmental applications.

这项工作旨在开发一种带有石墨烯基水凝胶修饰结合层（3D-rGO）的o-DGT装置，以对水中的阿替洛尔进行取样。该装置的边界条件由扩散系数以及pH值和离子强度的影响来确定。随后，该装置实际应用于自来水样品。结果表明，阿替洛尔在25°C时的扩散系数为3.75 × 10-6 cm2 s−1，可以有效地定量。pH值对设备没有影响；然而，洗脱优化研究表明，在采样步骤中离子强度的干扰。这种干扰可以通过利用表观扩散系数或在采样器组装前调整结合层的离子强度来克服。将实验扩散系数与由hayduk - laude方程和Archie定律求得的理论扩散系数进行了比较，验证了实验结果具有更高的可靠性。当应用于自来水样品时，浓度为0.1 mg L−1，该装置表现良好，自来水中阿替洛尔的回收率为92%。这些结果是在LOQ为0.2 mg L−1时得到的。结果是有希望的，3D-rGO的使用被证明是有利的，主要是因为它的环保合成路线，从而巩固了它在环境应用方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Nanobiochar from pomegranate peel biomass for enhanced 4-nitrophenol removal: synthesis, characterization, and performance evaluation 石榴皮生物质纳米炭增强4-硝基苯酚去除：合成、表征和性能评价

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2026.101123

Kustomo , Sam Fong Yau Li

Nanobiochar (NBC) derived from pomegranate peel biomass was engineered as a low-cost, mildly synthesized, and sustainable adsorbent for the efficient removal of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) from water. NBC was prepared via controlled pyrolysis at 600°C for 2 h (10°C min⁻¹ heating rate, 0.67 L min⁻¹ N₂ flow), followed by facile ball milling and ultrasonication to create a high surface area, abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, and nanoscale defect sites tailored for enhanced adsorption performance. Comprehensive characterization using FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDS, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, BET surface area analysis, TGA, zeta potential, and CHN elemental analysis was employed to correlate NBC’s structural and surface properties with its adsorption behavior. Under optimized conditions (pH 6, 15 mg NBC dose, 30 mL 4-NP solution at 298 K), NBC exhibited rapid 4-NP uptake with a maximum adsorption capacity of 84.75 mg g⁻¹ and a removal efficiency exceeding 94.12%. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models best described the data result, indicating predominant monolayer chemisorption and strong interactions between NBC and 4-NP. Regeneration studies showed that NaOH outperformed HNO₃, achieving 85.76% and 20.53% 4-NP removal, respectively, after three consecutive cycles. Overall, NBC demonstrates promising as a practical and environmentally benign adsorbent for advanced treatment of 4-NP-contaminated waters and related phenolic pollutants.

从石榴皮生物质中提取的纳米炭（NBC）是一种低成本、合成温和、可持续的吸附剂，可有效去除水中的4-硝基苯酚（4-NP）。通过在600°C条件下（10°C min - 1升温速率，0.67 L min - 1 N2流量）热解2 h制备NBC，然后进行简单的球磨和超声波处理，以获得高表面积，丰富的含氧官能团和纳米级缺陷位点，以增强吸附性能。采用FTIR、XRD、SEM-EDS、TEM、拉曼光谱、BET表面积分析、TGA、zeta电位和CHN元素分析等综合表征方法，将NBC的结构和表面性质与吸附行为联系起来。在优化条件下（pH为6，NBC剂量为15 mg， 4-NP溶液为30 mL， 298 K）， NBC对4-NP具有快速吸附能力，最大吸附量为84.75 mg g−1，去除率超过94.12%。Langmuir等温线和拟二阶动力学模型最能描述数据结果，表明主要的单层化学吸附和NBC与4-NP之间的强相互作用。再生研究表明，连续三次循环后，NaOH的4-NP去除率分别达到85.76%和20.53%，优于HNO3。总的来说，NBC作为一种实用且环保的吸附剂，有望用于深度处理4- np污染的水和相关的酚类污染物。

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引用次数: 0

A user-friendly AgNP colorimetric sensor for mercury(II) monitoring in water systems 一种用户友好的AgNP比色传感器，用于水系统中的汞（II）监测

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2026.101125

Dhony Hermanto , Yulida Tsaniyatinnuri , Saprini Hamdiani , Lely Kurniawati , Siswoyo Siswoyo , Bambang Kuswandi , Rochmad Krissanjaya , Julinton Sianturi , Nurul Ismillayli

Mercury (Hg) remains a persistent and highly toxic pollutant that readily infiltrates aquatic environments, bioaccumulates in organisms, and biomagnifies along food chains, ultimately posing significant ecological and human health risks, particularly through seafood consumption. The rapid and selective detection of Hg(II) in water is therefore essential for effective environmental monitoring and safeguarding public health. In this study, a user-friendly colorimetric sensor based on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was developed using a green electrosynthesis approach assisted by Stachytarpheta jamaicensis leaf extract (SJLE). The resulting AgNPs serve as a facile visual and spectroscopic probe for Hg(II) detection, operating through an Ag–Hg amalgamation mechanism that induces localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) quenching and produces a distinct color transition from brownish-yellow to pale yellow. Under optimized conditions, the sensor exhibited a strong linear response to Hg(II) concentrations ranging from 1–50 µg L⁻¹, with a limit of detection of 1.47 µg L⁻¹ and a limit of quantification of 2.52 µg L⁻¹. The method demonstrated high precision (RSD ≤ 2.3 %) and strong agreement with UV–Vis measurements. Validation using cold vapour–atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CV-AAS) on well water samples produced satisfactory recoveries and showed excellent correlation (R² > 0.99) with minimal bias (<0.01 µg L⁻¹). Beyond its analytical reliability, the proposed platform offers a rapid, reagent-free, and field-deployable solution for mercury monitoring. Overall, this environmentally friendly sensing approach provides a cost-effective alternative to conventional laboratory techniques and holds promising potential for broader applications in heavy metal detection, supporting sustainable water management and contributing to SDGs 6 and 14.

汞仍然是一种持久性高毒性污染物，很容易渗透到水生环境中，在生物体中进行生物积累，并沿着食物链进行生物放大，最终对生态和人类健康构成重大风险，特别是通过食用海产品。因此，快速和选择性地检测水中汞（II）对于有效的环境监测和保障公众健康至关重要。在本研究中，采用绿色电合成方法，以牙买加水芋叶提取物（SJLE）为辅助材料，开发了一种基于银纳米粒子（AgNPs）的用户友好型比色传感器。结果AgNPs作为简单视觉和光谱探针Hg (II)检测,操作通过Ag-Hg融合机制,引起局部表面等离子体共振(LSPR)淬火并产生一个不同的颜色从棕黄色过渡到淡黄色。在优化条件下，该传感器对Hg（II）浓度在1 ~ 50µg L−1范围内表现出较强的线性响应，检测限为1.47µg L−1，定量限为2.52µg L−1。该方法精密度高（RSD≤2.3%），与UV-Vis测量结果吻合度高。使用冷蒸汽原子吸收分光光度法（CV-AAS）对井水样品进行验证，回收率令人满意，并且具有极好的相关性（R2 > 0.99），偏差最小（<0.01µg L−1）。除了分析可靠性之外，该平台还提供了一种快速、无试剂、可现场部署的汞监测解决方案。总体而言，这种环境友好型传感方法为传统实验室技术提供了一种具有成本效益的替代方案，在重金属检测、支持可持续水资源管理和促进可持续发展目标6和14方面具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Seed germination and plant growth response to treated dye effluent using Tridax procumbens-mediated CeO2-ZnO green NCs for wastewater treatment and chromium reduction 种子萌发和植物生长对染料废水处理中氧化铈氧化锌绿色nc的响应

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101108

P. Ananthu , Pallavi Sulakiya , J. Manjanna , G. Nagaraju , H. Raja Naika

The growing challenge of water pollution caused by synthetic dyes and toxic heavy metals necessitates the development of efficient, eco-friendly remediation strategies. In this study, a CeO₂-ZnO Nanocomposite (NC) was synthesised through a sustainable green synthesis method to address these concerns. The study investigates the photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) dye using a CeO₂-ZnO NC. This method employed zinc nitrate hexahydrate for Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and cerium nitrate hexahydrate as the precursor for Cerium Oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticle synthesis. The green synthesis process also involved the use of Tridax procumbens (Linn.), a natural plant, which served as both a reducing agent and a fuel for the reaction. To fully assess the structural, chemical, and electrical characteristics of the synthesised composite, various analytical techniques were employed. The optical band gap of the composite was determined to be 2.95 eV based on the Tauc relation. The photocatalytic performance of the CeO₂-ZnO NC was then evaluated for the degradation of MB dye under different experimental conditions. Key parameters such as the variation in catalyst concentration, dye concentration, and pH levels were tested, alongside scavenger tests to examine the mechanism of the photocatalytic process. The results revealed that the CeO₂-ZnO NC was highly effective in degrading the dye, achieving more than 94 % degradation within 180 min under visible light exposure. Seed germination and plant growth activities are also carried out for Mustard seeds using dye water and dye-degraded water to compare the growth. Furthermore, the NC demonstrated significant potential in environmental applications, as it was capable of reducing Chromium (VI) by up to 67.7 %, converting it to the less toxic Chromium (III).

由合成染料和有毒重金属引起的水污染日益严峻的挑战要求开发高效、生态友好的修复策略。为了解决这些问题，本研究通过可持续的绿色合成方法合成了CeO2-ZnO纳米复合材料（NC）。研究了CeO2-ZnO NC光催化降解亚甲基蓝（MB）染料。该方法采用六水硝酸锌合成氧化锌（ZnO）和六水硝酸铈作为氧化铈（CeO2）纳米颗粒的前驱体。绿色合成过程还涉及到使用一种天然植物——原甘油三酯，它既是反应的还原剂，也是反应的燃料。为了充分评估合成复合材料的结构、化学和电气特性，采用了各种分析技术。根据Tauc关系确定复合材料的光学带隙为2.95 eV。在不同的实验条件下，考察了CeO2-ZnO NC光催化降解MB染料的性能。对催化剂浓度、染料浓度和pH值等关键参数进行了测试，并对清除剂进行了测试，以检验光催化过程的机制。结果表明，CeO2-ZnO NC对染料的降解非常有效，在可见光照射下180 min内降解率达到94%以上。用染料水和染料降解水对芥菜种子进行了种子萌发和植物生长活动的比较。此外，NC在环境应用方面显示出巨大的潜力，因为它能够将铬（VI）还原高达67.7%，将其转化为毒性较小的铬（III）。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental contaminants and ecotoxicological consequences of antibiotics and personal care products in freshwater ecosystems: Monitoring and management strategies – A review and meta-analysis 淡水生态系统中抗生素和个人护理产品的环境污染物和生态毒理学后果：监测和管理策略-综述和荟萃分析

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101119

Md. Didaruzzaman Sohel , Md Saydur Rahman

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) constitute a class of newly discovered micropollutants that harm living aquatic organisms. Pharmaceutical drugs, such as antibiotics, are commonly found in freshwater ecosystems and wastewater treatment effluents. Notably, antibiotics can enter freshwater habitats, posing a growing ecological threat. Additionally, PPCPs are hazardous to aquatic organisms both acutely and chronically. This study focused on peer-reviewed articles on PPCPs from 2000 to 2025 on scholarly databases. The initial literature search yielded 1,760 articles. After removing duplicates and systematically assessing study relevance, the dataset was narrowed to 1,172 articles. VOSviewer software was used to generate visual maps of keyword relatedness. We evaluated the quantitative concentrations (ng/L to µg/L) of antibiotics and PCP and reviewed their effects on growth, development, and reproductive functions in aquatic organisms. Importantly, research has uncovered a link between antibiotics and PCP pollution, which affects aquatic life. The elimination of antibiotics and PCPs has been achieved through various degrading techniques, including chemical and biological processes. However, antibiotics and PCPs cannot be entirely eliminated through biological and chemical treatments. Therefore, more effective, environmentally friendly methods must be developed for treating antibiotics and PCPs in aqueous media. This article thoroughly reviews the presence, fate, and possible hazards of antibiotics and PCPs in freshwater organisms. Additionally, this review article addresses the current knowledge gap regarding the levels and trends of antibiotics and PCPs in freshwater environments. Finally, it provides suggestions and innovative strategies that can help manage and evaluate ecological risks and contamination levels for further study.

药品和个人护理产品（PPCPs）构成了一类新发现的危害水生生物的微污染物。药物，如抗生素，通常存在于淡水生态系统和废水处理流出物中。值得注意的是，抗生素可以进入淡水栖息地，造成越来越大的生态威胁。此外，ppcp对水生生物有急性和慢性危害。本研究的重点是2000年至2025年学术数据库中关于ppcp的同行评议文章。最初的文献检索产生了1760篇文章。在去除重复和系统评估研究相关性后，数据集缩小到1172篇。使用VOSviewer软件生成关键词相关性可视化图。我们评估了抗生素和PCP的定量浓度（ng/L到µg/L），并回顾了它们对水生生物生长、发育和生殖功能的影响。重要的是，研究发现了抗生素和影响水生生物的PCP污染之间的联系。抗生素和pcp的消除是通过各种降解技术实现的，包括化学和生物过程。然而，抗生素和pcp不能通过生物和化学处理完全消除。因此，必须开发更有效、更环保的方法来处理水介质中的抗生素和pcp。本文全面回顾了淡水生物中抗生素和pcp的存在、命运和可能的危害。此外，这篇综述文章解决了目前关于淡水环境中抗生素和pcp的水平和趋势的知识差距。最后，提出了有助于生态风险和污染水平管理和评估的建议和创新策略，供进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of acid route on chitosan nanoparticle formation: Physicochemical properties and application in methylene blue adsorption 酸途径对壳聚糖纳米颗粒形成的影响：理化性质及其在亚甲基蓝吸附中的应用

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2026.101122

Eliane Merklein , Amanda S.M. de Freitas , Rafael A. Franco , Marystela Ferreira

In this study, chitosan nanoparticles (NC) were synthesized using two different acidic routes acetic acid (AA) and methacrylic acid (MA) employed as solubilizing agents and pH controllers. The resulting NC were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to evaluate the influence of acid type on nanoparticle formation, morphology, and colloidal stability. The AA route produced nanoparticles with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 166 ± 4 nm and zeta potential of 21 ± 1 mV, whereas MA-derived NC exhibited a core–shell-like morphology, larger particle size 178 ± 3 nm, and enhanced electrostatic stability. Accelerated stability assays, including temperature variation, UV-C irradiation, and long-term storage, demonstrated superior stability for MA-based NC over 90 days. Adsorption-desorption experiments using methylene blue, monitored by UV–Vis spectroscopy, revealed NC derived from MA a maximum adsorption capacity of 65 % (3.25 mg/L) of the dye in relation to the initial concentration (5 mg/L), with a regeneration efficiency of 81 % (2.63 mg/L), indicating the potential for reuse of NCMA. Overall, the results demonstrate that acid-controlled synthesis plays a key role in governing the physicochemical properties and interfacial electrostatic interactions of chitosan nanoparticles, directly impacting their adsorption performance and regeneration behavior. These findings highlight the potential of chitosan nanoparticles as efficient, stable, and regenerable nanoadsorbents for water treatment applications.

本研究以乙酸（AA）和甲基丙烯酸（MA）为增溶剂和pH控制剂，通过两种不同的酸性途径合成了壳聚糖纳米颗粒（NC）。采用动态光散射（DLS）、纳米颗粒跟踪分析（NTA）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对纳米颗粒的形成、形貌和胶体稳定性进行了表征，以评估酸类型对纳米颗粒形成、形貌和胶体稳定性的影响。AA途径制备的纳米颗粒平均水动力直径为166±4 nm， zeta电位为21±1 mV，而ma途径制备的NC具有核壳状形貌，粒径较大（178±3 nm），静电稳定性增强。加速稳定性试验，包括温度变化、UV-C照射和长期储存，证明了ma基NC在90天以上的优越稳定性。亚甲基蓝吸附-解吸实验，紫外-可见光谱监测显示，相对于初始浓度（5 mg/L）， MA衍生的NC对染料的最大吸附量为65% (3.25 mg/L)，再生效率为81% (2.63 mg/L)，表明NCMA的再利用潜力。综上所述，酸控合成对壳聚糖纳米颗粒的物理化学性质和界面静电相互作用起着关键作用，直接影响其吸附性能和再生行为。这些发现突出了壳聚糖纳米颗粒作为高效、稳定和可再生的水处理纳米吸附剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Silane-grafted g-C3N4 nanosheet enhanced air monitoring filters for PM2.5 capture and detection in urban environments 硅烷接枝g-C3N4纳米片增强空气监测过滤器对城市环境中PM2.5的捕获和检测

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2026.101129

Vignesh Jagajeevan, Vidhya Lakshmi Sivakumar

Particulate matter (PM₂.₅) pollution poses significant health risks in urban environments, particularly due to the presence of bioaccumulative heavy metals. This study evaluates the enhancement of quartz filter media functionalized with silane-grafted graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) for the capture of metal-rich aerosols. Quartz filters were modified with pristine g-C₃N₄ nanosheets and subsequently with a silane-functionalized g-C₃N₄ coating. Material synthesis was confirmed via SEM, XRD, and FTIR analyses. Filters were deployed in an urban environment for 15 days alongside unmodified controls. Post-exposure analysis indicated that while pristine g-C₃N₄ coatings increased overall particulate mass through increased surface area (physisorption), the silane-functionalized filters exhibited a distinct chemisorption affinity for trace metals. Quantitative bulk analysis using inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP–OES) revealed that the silane–g-C₃N₄ modification increased copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) capture by more than 220% compared to pristine g-C₃N₄. Furthermore, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) surface mapping showed a strong correlation (R² > 0.9) with bulk ICP–OES data, validating LIBS as a rapid, reagent-free screening tool for filter saturation. These results demonstrate that amine-functionalized nanocoatings can transform passive air filters into active media for the selective sequestration of high-toxicity heavy metals.

颗粒物（PM2.5）污染在城市环境中构成重大健康风险，特别是由于存在生物蓄积性重金属。本研究评估了硅烷接枝石墨氮化碳（g-C3N4）功能化石英滤料对富金属气溶胶捕获的增强作用。用原始的g-C3N4纳米片修饰石英滤光片，然后用硅烷功能化的g-C3N4涂层修饰石英滤光片。通过SEM， XRD和FTIR分析证实了材料的合成。过滤器在城市环境中放置了15天，与未修改的对照一起。暴露后分析表明，虽然原始g-C3N4涂层通过增加表面积（物理吸附）增加了总体颗粒质量，但硅烷功能化过滤器对微量金属表现出明显的化学吸附亲和力。利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）进行定量体分析表明，硅烷- g-C3N4改性后，与原始g-C3N4相比，铜（Cu）和铅（Pb）的捕获量增加了220%以上。此外，激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS）表面制图与大量ICP-OES数据显示出很强的相关性（R2 > 0.9），验证了LIBS是一种快速、无试剂筛选过滤器饱和度的工具。这些结果表明，胺功能化纳米涂层可以将被动空气过滤器转变为选择性隔离高毒性重金属的活性介质。

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引用次数: 0

Metal–organic framework modified biochar nanocomposite for sustainable stabilization of heavy metals in contaminated soils 金属有机骨架改性生物炭纳米复合材料对污染土壤中重金属的可持续稳定作用

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2026.101132

Tatiana Bauer , Mikhail Kirichkov , Vladimir Polyakov , Ekaterina Kravchenko , Vera Butova , Natalia Chernikova , Dilfuza Jabborova , Tatiana Minkina

Soil pollution with heavy metals from anthropogenic activities poses serious threats to the environment and human health. Although biochar-based sorbents are widely used as soil amendments due to their high porosity and sorption capacity, their ability to firmly immobilize metals and prevent their re-release or re-mobilization under changing environmental conditions remains limited. To address this challenge, biochar produced from wheat straw (BC) was functionalized with the metal–organic framework (MOF) MIL-100(Fe) via hydrothermal synthesis (BC@MIL) to enhance its capacity for heavy metal removal. Structural analysis confirmed uniform MIL-100(Fe) nanoparticle distribution on biochar surfaces, boosting surface area sixfold. Pot experiments in both unpolluted and metal-contaminated soil revealed that BC@MIL facilitated the transformation of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd from acid exchangeable fraction to oxidizable and residual fractions. The risk assessment code decreased, and the reduced partition index increased for all heavy metals with sorbent application, indicating an increase in their fixation strength in soils. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the sorbents effectively stabilized Pb, Cu and Zn in contaminated soils through precipitation processes. In all cases, BC@MIL showed greater efficiency in the stabilization of heavy metals compared to BC. Overall, the study highlights the potential of MOF-modified biochar as an advanced soil amendment for sustainable remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils.

人为活动造成的土壤重金属污染对环境和人类健康构成严重威胁。尽管生物炭基吸附剂因其高孔隙率和吸附能力被广泛用作土壤改进剂，但其在不断变化的环境条件下牢固固定金属并防止其再释放或再动员的能力仍然有限。为了解决这一挑战，通过水热合成（BC@MIL）将小麦秸秆（BC）生产的生物炭与金属有机骨架（MOF） MIL-100（Fe）功能化，以提高其去除重金属的能力。结构分析证实MIL-100（Fe）纳米颗粒均匀分布在生物炭表面，使表面积增加了6倍。在未污染和金属污染的土壤中进行盆栽试验，结果表明BC@MIL促进了Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd从酸交换组分向可氧化组分和残余组分的转化。重金属在土壤中的固定强度随吸附剂的施用而增加，风险评价系数降低，减少分配指数增加。x射线衍射分析表明，吸附剂通过降水过程对污染土壤中的Pb、Cu和Zn具有稳定作用。在所有情况下，BC@MIL与BC相比，在稳定重金属方面表现出更高的效率。总的来说，该研究强调了mof改性生物炭作为一种先进的土壤改进剂对重金属污染土壤的可持续修复的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Nanotechnology for sustainable remediation of petrochemical effluents: trends, challenges, and opportunities 纳米技术用于石化废水的可持续修复：趋势、挑战和机遇

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101113

Isaac Alhamdu Baba , Paul Habila Samson , Saad Shafiu , Saheed Mustapha , Ambali Saka Abdulkareem , Jimoh Oladejo Tijani

The enormous expansion of the petrochemical industry has resulted in an immediate rise in complex and recalcitrant pollutants released into water bodies, posing severe environmental and health hazard to the public. The traditional treatments are largely ineffective in removing the varied array of the common pollutants found in petrochemical wastewaters, such as heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phenols, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Over the past decades, nanotechnology has been a developing area of sustainable treatment of petrochemical wastewater with a high surface area, adjustable physicochemical characteristics, and improved reactivity. The present review provides an integrated overview of recent advancements in application of nanomaterials such as metal oxides, carbon-based nanostructures, and hybrid nanocomposites for efficient treatment of petrochemical effluents. Adsorption, photocatalytic, and redox removal mechanisms are scrutinized at the molecular level. Also, the current paper establishes the master challenges, such as nanoparticle agglomeration, secondary pollution, scalability, and regulation. Trends of innovative green synthesis routes, intelligent nanomaterials, and coupled treatment systems are also presented as avenues to greener and effective remediation. This review will provide a general vision to engineers, researchers, and policymakers for the safe application of nanotechnology in environmental settings.

石化工业的大规模扩张，导致水体中复杂难降解污染物的迅速增加，对公众的环境和健康造成严重危害。传统的处理方法在去除石化废水中发现的各种常见污染物方面基本上是无效的，例如重金属、多环芳烃（PAHs）、酚类和挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）。在过去的几十年里，纳米技术以其高表面积、可调节的物理化学特性和提高的反应性成为石油化工废水可持续处理的一个发展方向。本文综述了金属氧化物、碳基纳米结构和杂化纳米复合材料等纳米材料在石油化工废水处理中的应用进展。吸附，光催化和氧化还原去除机制在分子水平上进行审查。此外，本文还提出了纳米颗粒团聚、二次污染、可扩展性和监管等主要挑战。创新的绿色合成路线，智能纳米材料和耦合处理系统的趋势也提出了更绿色和有效的补救途径。这篇综述将为工程师、研究人员和决策者提供纳米技术在环境环境中的安全应用的总体前景。

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引用次数: 0