Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management最新文献_第6页

Butachlor contamination in surface water and sediment: Assessing human health, ecological risks, and environmental implications of the Bontanga irrigation scheme in the Northern region of Ghana 地表水和沉积物中的丁草胺污染：评估加纳北部地区Bontanga灌溉计划的人类健康、生态风险和环境影响

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101073

Mohammed Alhassan, Gerheart Winfred Ashong, Boansi Adu Ababio, Edward Ebow Kwaansa–Ansah

The Bontanga Irrigation Scheme in Ghana’s Kumbungu District, vital for local agriculture, faces significant ecological and health risks from Butachlor, an herbicide used in rice plantations. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of surface water, measure Butachlor concentrations in surface water and sediment, assess ecological risks, and estimate human health effects. A total of 100 water samples, 50 sediment samples were collected, and 50 farmers were interviewed about pesticide use. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, temperature, and turbidity were measured using standard analytical methods. Butachlor levels in surface water and sediment were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results indicated that all physicochemical parameters in the water samples were within WHO limits. However, Butachlor concentrations ranged from 4.74 µg/L to 118.85 µg/L, exceeding the EFSA threshold of 0.5 µg/L, while sediment samples were below the detection limit of 0.01 mg/L. The toxic unit (TU) method revealed a medium acute risk to algae (0.28) and fish (0.13) and a low acute risk to aquatic invertebrates (0.02). The risk quotient (RQ) method indicated a high chronic risk to aquatic biota in surface water, though the non-carcinogenic health risk (HQ) to humans was minimal (HQ < 1). Butachlor residues may pose significant health risks, including neurological, respiratory, and reproductive disorders. This study recommends implementing Integrated Pesticide Management policies, developing pest-resistant plant species, proper disposal of pesticide containers, and educating farmers on pesticide usage. Future research should focus on Butachlor’s long-term effects on aquatic biota, alternative pest control strategies, and measures to reduce residues, protecting both wildlife and human health.

加纳Kumbungu区的Bontanga灌溉计划对当地农业至关重要，但却面临水稻种植中使用的除草剂buachlor带来的重大生态和健康风险。本研究旨在评估地表水的理化参数，测量地表水和沉积物中丁草胺的浓度，评估生态风险，评估对人体健康的影响。共采集水样100份，沉积物样50份，并对50名农民进行农药使用情况访谈。物理化学参数，如pH值，总溶解固体，电导率，温度和浊度使用标准分析方法进行测量。采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）和液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）测定了地表水和沉积物中丁草胺的含量。结果表明，水样理化指标均在WHO标准范围内。然而，丁草胺的浓度范围在4.74µg/L至118.85µg/L之间，超过了欧洲食品安全局0.5µg/L的阈值，而沉积物样品低于0.01 mg/L的检出限。毒性单位（TU）法显示，藻类（0.28）和鱼类（0.13）的急性风险中等，水生无脊椎动物（0.02）的急性风险较低。风险商（RQ）法显示地表水对水生生物群的慢性风险很高，但对人类的非致癌健康风险（HQ）很小(HQ <；1).丁草胺残留可能造成重大健康风险，包括神经、呼吸和生殖障碍。本研究建议实施农药综合管理政策，开发抗虫植物品种，妥善处理农药容器，并对农民进行农药使用教育。未来的研究应侧重于丁草胺对水生生物群的长期影响、替代虫害防治策略以及减少残留的措施，以保护野生动物和人类健康。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication of post-synthetic modified Fe (III)-based metal organic framework for the electrochemical detection of 4-amino phenol 合成后改性Fe （III）基金属有机骨架的制备及其电化学检测4-氨基酚的研究

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101072

Diksha , Anjali , Anu Prathap M. Udayan , Balwinder Kaur , Anita Gupta , Megha , Veeranna Yempally , Harminder Kaur

4-Aminophenol (4-AP) is an aromatic compound with reactive hydroxyl and amino groups. It is widely used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and polymer stabilizers but poses significant environmental and health hazards. Therefore, developing a reliable method for the detection of trace amounts of 4-AP is crucial. This study focuses on the fabrication of a cost-effective electrochemical sensor for 4-AP based on the post-synthetic modification of Fe-MIL-101-NH₂. The sensor demonstrated a linear detection range of 0.5–400 µM with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.12 µM and a sensitivity value of 0.29 µA/µM/cm² under optimized conditions. The synergistic effect of Fe-MIL-101-NH₂, the Schiff base, and nickel enhances its electronic properties, including reduced band gap energy, lower charge transfer resistance, and improved conductivity, leading to superior redox behavior of 4-AP. Key features of the sensor include high sensitivity, favorable selectivity, outstanding stability, and excellent reusability. It exhibits minimal interference from common organic and inorganic species, making it suitable for real-world applications. The use of earth-abundant materials further underscores its cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability. The sensor has been applied in detecting 4-AP in tap water and paracetamol samples and achieved positive results further demonstrating its practicality for real-world applications.

4-氨基酚（4-AP）是一种具有活性羟基和氨基的芳香化合物。它广泛用于染料、药品和聚合物稳定剂的生产，但对环境和健康造成重大危害。因此，开发一种可靠的方法来检测痕量4-AP是至关重要的。本研究的重点是基于Fe-MIL-101-NH2的合成后修饰制备一种具有成本效益的4-AP电化学传感器。在优化条件下，传感器的线性检测范围为0.5 ~ 400µM，检测下限（LOD）为0.12µM，灵敏度值为0.29µa /µM/cm2。Fe-MIL-101-NH2、Schiff碱和镍的协同作用增强了其电子性能，包括降低带隙能量、降低电荷转移电阻和提高电导率，从而导致4-AP具有优异的氧化还原性能。该传感器的主要特点包括高灵敏度、良好的选择性、出色的稳定性和出色的可重用性。它表现出最小的干扰，从常见的有机和无机物种，使其适用于现实世界的应用。利用地球资源丰富的材料进一步强调了其成本效益和环境可持续性。该传感器已应用于自来水和扑热息痛样品中的4-AP检测，并取得了积极的结果，进一步证明了其在实际应用中的实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Performance by design of TiO2 nanostructured granules exploitable in water remediation applications 二氧化钛纳米颗粒的性能设计及其在水修复中的应用

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101071

Maurizio Vespignani , Ilaria Zanoni , Simona Ortelli , Magda Blosi , Chiara Artusi , Andreana Piancastelli , Cesare Melandri , Irini Furxhi , Anna Luisa Costa

The development of advanced materials through safe and sustainable methods has become a priority in the field of material science. This study addresses this need by exploring how different design options affect the performance of nano-TiO₂ granulated powders exploitable in water remediation applications. The high-shear wet granulation (HSWG) process parameters have been investigated to produce nanostructured powders that are easy to handle, disperse, and remove from liquids, while preserving their ability to adsorb and photodegrade water pollutants or encapsulate and stabilize active ingredients. We systematically examined a range of key variables, including liquid-to-solid ratio, granulation time, and impeller speed, which were identified as the primary factors affecting the size population. The percentage of the > 1000 µm granules fraction reached 100 % by increasing the liquid-to-solid ratio up to 0.6 g_water/g_powder, while an increase in granulation time and impeller speed caused a reduction of the largest fraction by approximately 30 % and 20 %, respectively. Additionally, we investigated the addition of different binder agents, followed by calcination at 600 °C. We found a correlation between tapped density, open porosity, swelling ratio and compressive strength. Maltodextrin (MD) improved the degree of compaction resulting in the highest compressive strength (9.5 ± 0.2 MPa) and lowest release of titanium when redispersed in water, whilst micro acryl emulsion (MA) improved the sample porosity (80.6 ± 0.5 %) and its capacity to adsorb water (swelling ratio. The pro-oxidative potential of the granules was evaluated using an •OH radical sensitive probe. TiO₂-based granules showed a reactivity comparable to TiO₂ pristine nanopowders, consuming approximately 98 % of RNO after 4 h.

通过安全和可持续的方法开发先进材料已成为材料科学领域的一个重点。本研究通过探索不同的设计选择如何影响可用于水修复应用的纳米tio2颗粒状粉末的性能来解决这一需求。研究了高剪切湿造粒（HSWG）工艺参数，以生产易于处理、分散和从液体中去除的纳米结构粉末，同时保持其吸附和光降解水污染物或封装和稳定活性成分的能力。我们系统地检查了一系列关键变量，包括液固比、造粒时间和叶轮转速，这些变量被确定为影响粒度种群的主要因素。>；通过将液固比提高到0.6 gwater/gpowder， 1000µm颗粒分数达到100%，而造粒时间和叶轮转速的增加分别使最大分数降低了约30%和20%。此外，我们还研究了不同粘结剂的加入，然后在600°C下进行煅烧。我们发现了出丝密度、开孔率、膨胀率和抗压强度之间的相关性。麦芽糖糊精（MD）提高了样品的压实度，使样品的抗压强度最高（9.5±0.2 MPa），再分散在水中时钛的释放量最低，而微丙烯酸酯乳液（MA）提高了样品的孔隙率（80.6±0.5%）和吸水性（溶胀率）。使用•OH自由基敏感探针评估颗粒的促氧化电位。TiO2基颗粒表现出与TiO2原始纳米粉末相当的反应性，在4小时后消耗约98%的RNO。

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引用次数: 0

Potentially toxic elements and geochemical signatures in sediments and soils from Biritiba-Mirim reservoir, Brazil 巴西Biritiba-Mirim水库沉积物和土壤中的潜在有毒元素和地球化学特征

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101070

Pedro do Nascimento Gonçalves , Sandra Regina Damatto , Thiago Costa Silva , Lúcio Leonardo , Lucilena Rebelo Monteiro , Marcos Antônio Scapin , Marycel Elena Barboza Cotrim

This study evaluated potentially toxic elements (PTEs) – V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, and Co – in sediment cores and surface soils from the Biritiba-Mirim reservoir in Brazil. The study investigated the influence of nearby soil on the sediments in the reservoir, the accumulation of PTEs in the sediment core layers, and enrichment factors from anthropogenic or natural sources. The methodology focused on the geochemical and physico-chemical characteristics of soils and sediment. The results compose a database with regional interest in the environmental quality of a relevant water supply system for Brazil’s most populous city, as well as to international researchers studying the geochemistry of trace elements in dam reservoir environments. The mean PTEs concentrations, in mg/kg, found in soils and sediments, respectively, were V (116 | 214), Cr (32.7 | 52.8), Ni (7.9 | 13.9), Cu (58 | 65), Zn (61 | 57), Pb (69 | 74), As (5.6 | 25.7), Sb (0.39 | 0.90), and Co (1.97 | 3.40). The study hypothesized arsenic enrichment near sediment core transition zones, with positive correlations between As with Sediment Erosion Flux (SEF), indicating the impact of reservoir flooding on the sediment quality. Signatures of chemical correlation were found between reservoir sediments and catchment soils, which presented signs of copper and lead enhanced by anthropogenic release.

本研究评估了巴西Biritiba-Mirim水库沉积物岩心和表层土壤中的潜在有毒元素（pte）——V、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、As、Sb和Co。研究了附近土壤对库区沉积物的影响、沉积物芯层中pte的富集以及人为或自然来源的富集因素。该方法侧重于土壤和沉积物的地球化学和物理化学特征。研究结果构成了一个数据库，该数据库对巴西人口最多的城市的相关供水系统的环境质量以及研究大坝水库环境中微量元素的地球化学的国际研究人员具有区域兴趣。土壤和沉积物中pte的平均浓度（mg/kg）分别为V（116 | 214）、Cr（32.7 |2.8）、Ni（7.9 |3.9）、Cu（58 |5）、Zn（61 | 57）、Pb（69 | 74）、As（5.6 | 25.7）、Sb（0.39 | 0.90）和Co（1.97 | 3.40）。研究假设沉积物岩心过渡带附近砷富集，砷与沉积物侵蚀通量（SEF）呈正相关，表明水库淹水对沉积物质量的影响。水库沉积物与集水区土壤具有明显的化学相关性，铜、铅的含量在人为释放的作用下有所增加。

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引用次数: 0

Monte Carlo simulation for human health risk assessment of groundwater contaminated with arsenic at an Iranian semi-arid region 伊朗半干旱区受砷污染地下水人体健康风险评估的蒙特卡罗模拟

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101069

Ali Mantashloo , Reza Shokoohi , Zahra Torkshavand , Ebrahim Chavoshi , Salman Khazaei , Mohammad Khazaei , Amir shabanloo

The present study investigated the contamination of drinking water with arsenic and its human health risk assessment in Qorveh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. The data of this study were collected and analyzed in the wet and dry seasons and from a total of 56 groundwater samples. This study used two deterministic and stochastic approaches to evaluate carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. Monte Carlo simulation, which is based on the Markov chain approach, was used for risk assessment. The examination of heavy metals As, B, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn in the water samples reveals that except for the arsenic, the insignificant concentration of the abovementioned metals was found, consequently, the health risk studies were conducted focusing on the arsenic contamination. Data analysis revealed the average concentration of arsenic in the dry and wet seasons to be 14.93 ± 17.67 and 13.79 ± 16.57 μg/L, respectively. Furthermore, beyond 39 % and 35 % of the area of Qorveh County rely on groundwater sources having the arsenic contents more than the permissible level (10 µg/L) in dry and wet seasons, respectively. The Monte Carlo simulation output clearly showed that the HQ values for the 95th percentile in the dry season were 3.58 and 2.03 for the age groups of children and adults, respectively. In other words, the non-carcinogenic risk for children is almost twice that of adults. All carcinogenic risk values was reported more than the acceptable threshold, typically set at 1 × 10⁻⁶ (or 1 in a million) by EPA. The sensitivity analysis of the contribution of arsenic concentration, duration of exposure, and rate of ingestion showed 89.5 %, 5.7 %, and 4.6 %, respectively, which indicates the major effect of arsenic concentration. The findings of this study provide an environmental alert to inform policy and attract appropriate financial resources for the management of drinking water sources containing arsenic in these areas.

本研究调查了伊朗库尔德斯坦省Qorveh县饮用水砷污染及其人体健康风险评估。本研究的数据收集和分析是在干湿季节和56个地下水样本中进行的。本研究采用确定性和随机两种方法来评估致癌和非致癌风险。采用基于马尔可夫链方法的蒙特卡罗模拟进行风险评估。通过对水样中重金属As、B、Cd、Cu、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sb、V、Zn的检测发现，除砷外，上述重金属的浓度均不显著，因此重点开展了砷污染的健康风险研究。数据分析显示，干湿季节砷的平均浓度分别为14.93±17.67和13.79±16.57 μg/L。此外，库尔维县超过39%和35%的地区依赖地下水，其砷含量在旱季和雨季分别超过允许水平（10微克/升）。Monte Carlo模拟结果清楚地表明，在旱季，儿童和成人年龄组第95百分位的HQ值分别为3.58和2.03。换句话说，儿童的非致癌风险几乎是成人的两倍。所有报告的致癌风险值都超过了可接受的阈值，EPA通常将其设定为1 × 10−6（或百万分之一）。砷浓度、暴露时间和摄食率的敏感性分析分别为89.5%、5.7%和4.6%，表明砷浓度是主要影响因素。这项研究的结果提供了一个环境警报，为这些地区含砷饮用水源的管理提供政策信息和吸引适当的财政资源。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoparticle based antigen detection of norovirus in human faecal samples: A proof-of-concept study 人类粪便样本中诺如病毒的纳米颗粒抗原检测：概念验证研究

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101064

Rishi Pandey , Pradip Gyawali , Mark A.T. Blaskovich , Sanjaya K.C.

Immunocapture assays that are fast, affordable, and can be utilised as on-site sensors for detecting pathogens or their biomarkers hold great value for ensuring public health and food safety. As proof of concept, a magnetic immunocapture assay was developed to detect norovirus. Acommercially available monoclonal antibody capable of capturing both norovirus genogroup I and II (GI and GII) was conjugated to the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for capture and sequestration of norovirus GI and GII under laboratory conditions. The capability of the functionalised MNPs to capture norovirus from the faecal extract was determined by reverse transcription-qPCR. The capture efficiency of MNPs was >90 % for both genogroups of noroviruses. To complement the magnetic capture and enable rapid detection and genogroup identification, two different monoclonal antibodies specific to genogroups GI and GII were conjugated onto a fluorescent nanoparticle surface, and then used to quantify captured norovirus in a ‘sandwich’ assay. Replicate faecal extract suspensions containing 10³ gene copies of norovirus GI and GII per µL were tested with the magnetic capture-fluorescence detection assay platform, with quantification of fluorescent intensity. The fluorescent particle assay for the detection of the biomarkers matched the sensitivity of qPCR. This method doesn’t require any sample preparation steps like nucleic acid extraction and can be easily converted into a rapid point of need detection system. This dual nanoparticle system holds promise as an inexpensive and reliable analytical tool for classical qualitative immunoassays that are prone to false positives.

免疫捕获测定法快速、经济实惠，可作为检测病原体或其生物标志物的现场传感器，对确保公共卫生和食品安全具有重要价值。作为概念的证明，开发了一种磁免疫捕获法来检测诺如病毒。在实验室条件下，将一种能够捕获诺如病毒基因组I和基因组II （GI和GII）的市售单克隆抗体与磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）偶联，用于捕获和隔离诺如病毒GI和GII。通过逆转录- qpcr确定功能化MNPs从粪便提取物中捕获诺如病毒的能力。两个诺如病毒基因组的MNPs捕获效率均为90%。为了补充磁捕获并实现快速检测和基因组鉴定，将GI和GII基因组特异性的两种不同单克隆抗体偶联到荧光纳米颗粒表面，然后在“三明治”试验中用于定量捕获的诺如病毒。每µL含有103个诺如病毒GI和GII基因拷贝的重复粪便提取物混悬液，采用磁捕获-荧光检测实验平台进行检测，并定量荧光强度。荧光颗粒法检测生物标志物的灵敏度与qPCR相匹配。该方法不需要核酸提取等样品制备步骤，易于转化为快速的需求点检测系统。这种双纳米粒子系统有望成为一种廉价而可靠的分析工具，用于容易出现假阳性的经典定性免疫测定。

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引用次数: 0

Radioactivity in surface soil and water around the Valliyaru river Valliyaru河周围表层土壤和水的放射性

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101068

Vinod Kumar K.P. , Kumar A. , Karthik B.

Gross alpha and beta radiations for the samples of soil and water collected from the Valliyaru river in southern India were determined. Alpha radiation counting system, RC 605A for measuring gross alpha values was employed that revealed a maximum value of 0.843 Bq/L and 12491 Bq/Kg in water and soil respectively. Beta counting system, BCS 36A had given a maximum value of 0.32 Bq/L and 58594 Bq/Kg for water and soil respectively. Gamma determination was detected by IdentiFINDER-X that showed a maximum value of 3.78 µSv/h. These high values pertaining to radiations were prevailing only at Kadiapattanam village in Tamil Nadu, India, where the river confluences with the sea. Cluster analysis and the hierarchical dendrogram identify two distinct groups of radioactivity within the dataset: one near the sea and the other along various sites along the course of the Valliyaru River. Heat map analysis revealed that radioactivity of water and soil are correlated positively. One-way Anova results reflected that the radioactivity values are statistically different for soil and water. Annual effective doses (AED) and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were also computed that reflected safe levels at sites other than Kadiapattanam. The investigation revealed that upstream sites are within safe limits, whereas at the place of confluence with the sea, radioactivity values exceed beyond permissible limits.

测定了从印度南部瓦利亚鲁河采集的土壤和水的总辐射和辐射。α辐射计数系统RC 605A用于测量总α值，其在水和土壤中的最大值分别为0.843 Bq/L和12491 Bq/Kg。在Beta计数系统中，BCS 36A对水和土壤的最大值分别为0.32 Bq/L和58594 Bq/Kg。用IdentiFINDER-X进行γ测定，其最大值为3.78µSv/h。这些与辐射有关的高值仅在印度泰米尔纳德邦的卡迪亚帕塔纳姆村普遍存在，该村是河流与海洋汇合的地方。聚类分析和分层树状图在数据集中确定了两组不同的放射性：一组靠近海洋，另一组沿着瓦利亚鲁河沿岸的不同地点。热图分析表明，水和土壤的放射性呈正相关。单因素方差分析结果表明，土壤和水的放射性值有统计学差异。还计算了年有效剂量（AED）和超额终身癌症风险（ELCR），反映了除Kadiapattanam外其他部位的安全水平。调查结果显示，上游地点在安全范围内，而入海地点的放射性值超过允许范围。

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引用次数: 0

Micro-nanobubble assisted photocatalytic and antibacterial activity of ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4/rGO nanocomposite ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4/rGO纳米复合材料的微纳气泡辅助光催化及抗菌活性

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101065

Sutthida Wongwichian , Ranjith Rajendran , Orawan Rojviroon , Priyadharsan Arumugam , Sanya Sirivithayapakorn , Thammasak Rojviroon

Addressing the ongoing challenge of water pollution by synthetic dyes requires advanced approaches. This study examines the improved degradation of Indigo Carmine (IC) dye using a ternary nanocomposite made of ZnFe₂O₄, g-C₃N₄, and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), in combination with micro-nanobubble technology. The nanocomposite was synthesized using hydrothermal method, promoting effective interaction between ZnFe₂O₄, g-C₃N₄, and rGO, which enhances photocatalytic performance. The ZnFe₂O₄/g-C₃N₄/rGO nanocomposite (ZGR NCs) exhibited a 92 % degradation efficiency of IC dye within 60 min, significantly outperforming ZnFe₂O₄ (49 %), ZG (59 %), ZR (64 %), and ZGR without MNB (72 %). The photocatalytic process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with a high correlation coefficient (R² ∼ 0.9789–0.9968), demonstrating the efficiency of charge separation and transfer facilitated by rGO. ZnFe₂O₄ excels in absorbing visible light, g-C₃N₄ serves as a capable photocatalyst with a suitable bandgap for visible light, and rGO further facilitates electron mobility, minimizing charge recombination. Also, the combination of ZnFe₂O₄, rGO, and g-C₃N₄ generates a synergistic effect that significantly boosts photocatalytic activity. This interaction leads to more effective production of reactive oxygen species, which are essential for degrading pollutants. The nanocomposite also exhibited excellent reusability, retaining 88 % of its initial efficiency after five cycles. Additionally, antibacterial studies revealed strong inhibition zones against Streptococcus mutans (18–22 mm) and Enterococcus faecalis (14–20 mm), attributed to ROS-induced bacterial membrane disruption. These findings highlight the multifunctionality of the ZGR nanocomposite-micro-nanobubble (MNBs) system, offering a promising approach for sustainable wastewater treatment and antibacterial applications.

解决合成染料对水污染的持续挑战需要先进的方法。本研究利用由 ZnFe2O4、g-C3N4 和还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）组成的三元纳米复合材料，结合微纳米气泡技术，研究了如何改善靛蓝（IC）染料的降解。该纳米复合材料采用水热法合成，促进了 ZnFe2O4、g-C3N4 和 rGO 之间的有效相互作用，从而提高了光催化性能。ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4/rGO 纳米复合材料（ZGR NCs）在 60 分钟内对 IC 染料的降解效率达到 92%，明显优于 ZnFe2O4（49%）、ZG（59%）、ZR（64%）和不含 MNB 的 ZGR（72%）。光催化过程遵循伪一阶动力学，相关系数很高（R2 ∼ 0.9789-0.9968），表明 rGO 促进了电荷分离和转移的效率。ZnFe2O4 擅长吸收可见光，g-C3N4 可作为光催化剂，具有适合可见光的带隙，而 rGO 则进一步促进了电子迁移，最大限度地减少了电荷重组。此外，ZnFe2O4、rGO 和 g-C3N4 的组合还能产生协同效应，显著提高光催化活性。这种相互作用能更有效地产生活性氧，而活性氧对降解污染物至关重要。这种纳米复合材料还表现出极佳的可重复使用性，在循环使用五个周期后，其初始效率仍能保持 88%。此外，抗菌研究显示，纳米复合材料对变异链球菌（18-22 毫米）和粪肠球菌（14-20 毫米）有很强的抑制作用，这归因于活性氧诱导的细菌膜破坏。这些发现凸显了 ZGR 纳米复合材料-微纳米气泡（MNBs）系统的多功能性，为可持续废水处理和抗菌应用提供了一种前景广阔的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensing of fipronil using a ZnO/Graphene@C-dots hybrid nanocomposite ZnO/Graphene@C-dots杂化纳米复合材料对氟虫腈的高灵敏度电化学传感

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101067

La Ode Agus Salim , Paulina Taba , Muhammad Zakir , Muhammad Nurdin , Abdul Wahid Wahab , Dahlang Tahir , St. Fauziah , Akrajas Ali Umar

This study presents the development of a novel electrochemical sensor for the ultrasensitive detection of fipronil, a widely used pesticide, utilizing a hybrid nanocomposite material consisting of graphene (Gr), zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NR), and carbon dots (C-dots). The hybrid nanocomposite, GZC (Graphene-ZnO@C-dots), was synthesized through a microwave-assisted method, leveraging the distinct physicochemical properties of each component to significantly enhance sensor performance. Electrochemical analysis conducted via cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed a marked improvement in electron transfer efficiency and redox behavior compared to unmodified graphene electrodes, attributed to the synergistic interaction among ZnO NR, C-dots, and graphene. The GZC-based electrode demonstrated exceptional sensitivity in detecting fipronil, achieving an impressively low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.00490 µg/L and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.01633 µg/L, outperforming numerous previously reported sensors. A strong linear correlation (R² = 0.9931) was observed between the oxidation peak current and fipronil concentration, indicating excellent analytical performance. Additionally, the sensor exhibited high stability and reproducibility, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.26 % over 20 consecutive measurements. Validation using a commercial pesticide sample confirmed the sensor’s ability to detect fipronil at trace levels with high accuracy. Moreover, the Horwitz Ratio (HorRat) of 0.024 underscores the superior reproducibility of the sensor, well below the theoretical threshold. The GZC nanocomposite electrode provides a reliable, efficient, and highly sensitive platform for detecting fipronil in environmental samples, showcasing its potential in environmental monitoring to enhance food safety and environmental health through early pesticide residue detection.

本研究利用石墨烯（Gr）、氧化锌纳米棒（ZnO NR）和碳点（C-dots）组成的混合纳米复合材料，开发了一种用于氟虫腈（一种广泛使用的农药）超灵敏检测的新型电化学传感器。混合纳米复合材料GZC （Graphene-ZnO@C-dots）是通过微波辅助方法合成的，利用每个组分不同的物理化学性质，显著提高了传感器的性能。通过循环伏安法（CV）进行的电化学分析表明，与未修饰的石墨烯电极相比，ZnO NR、C-dots和石墨烯之间的协同作用显著提高了电子传递效率和氧化还原行为。基于gzc的电极在检测氟虫腈方面表现出卓越的灵敏度，实现了令人印象深刻的低检测限（LOD）为0.00490µg/L，定量限（LOQ）为0.01633µg/L，优于许多先前报道的传感器。氧化峰电流与氟虫腈浓度呈良好的线性相关（R2 = 0.9931），具有良好的分析性能。此外，该传感器具有很高的稳定性和重复性，在连续20次测量中，相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.26%。使用商业农药样品进行验证，证实了传感器能够以高精度检测微量水平的氟虫腈。此外，0.024的霍维茨比（HorRat）强调了传感器的优越再现性，远低于理论阈值。GZC纳米复合电极为检测环境样品中的氟虫腈提供了一个可靠、高效、高灵敏度的平台，展示了其在环境监测中的潜力，通过早期农药残留检测增强食品安全和环境健康。

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引用次数: 0

Green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using plant extracts: A sustainable approach to combat antimicrobial resistance 利用植物提取物绿色合成金属氧化物纳米颗粒：对抗抗菌素耐药性的可持续方法

Q1 Environmental Science

Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2025.101066

Sathyabama Balaji , Muthu Senthil Pandian , Ramasamy Ganesamoorthy , Thirugnanasambandham Karchiyappan

The green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using plant extracts has emerged as a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to combat antimicrobial resistance. Bio-inspired synthesis is an innovative approach miming natural processes to create advanced materials with unique properties. This method leverages biological principles and templates to guide the synthesis of nanoparticles, polymers, and other materials. The resulting materials often exhibit enhanced performance, biocompatibility, and sustainability. This method leverages the natural reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents found in plant extracts to synthesize nanoparticles, avoiding the use of hazardous chemicals. This study explores the bio-inspired synthesis of metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles, focusing on their potential application bio-inspireds in various fields, including medicine, energy storage, and environmental remediation. By understanding and replicating nature’s strategies, bio-inspired synthesis offers a promising pathway to develop next-generation materials with improved functionality and reduced environmental impact. The development of nanoparticles (NPs) having antibacterial action, like metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs), is made possible by nanotechnology. Because MONPs can interact with multiple biological components and suppress microbial growth, they offer a potential solution to overcome pathogenicity or antimicrobial resistance. The overview of the review provides burgeoning research surrounding the green synthesis of different nanoparticles utilizing various plant extracts. It provides the antimicrobial efficacy of nanoparticles, including zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO₂), iron oxide (FeO), copper oxide (CuO), and nickel oxide (NiO), at different concentrations against different bacterial strains. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying the antimicrobial activity of these nanoparticles was discussed. The findings underscore the importance of sustainable nanotechnology in developing effective antimicrobial agents and promoting environmental sustainability.

利用植物提取物绿色合成金属氧化物纳米粒子已成为一种可持续的生态友好型抗菌方法。生物启发合成是一种模仿自然过程的创新方法，用于制造具有独特性能的先进材料。这种方法利用生物原理和模板来指导纳米粒子、聚合物和其他材料的合成。合成的材料通常具有更高的性能、生物相容性和可持续性。这种方法利用植物提取物中的天然还原剂、封盖剂和稳定剂合成纳米粒子，避免了有害化学物质的使用。本研究探讨了受生物启发合成金属和非金属纳米粒子的方法，重点关注生物启发在医药、能源储存和环境修复等多个领域的潜在应用。通过理解和复制自然界的策略，生物启发合成为开发功能更强、环境影响更小的下一代材料提供了一条前景广阔的途径。纳米技术使具有抗菌作用的纳米粒子（NPs）（如金属氧化物纳米粒子（MONPs））的开发成为可能。由于 MONPs 可与多种生物成分相互作用并抑制微生物生长，因此为克服致病性或抗菌药耐药性提供了潜在的解决方案。综述介绍了围绕利用各种植物提取物绿色合成不同纳米粒子的新兴研究。综述介绍了不同浓度的纳米粒子（包括氧化锌（ZnO）、二氧化钛（TiO2）、氧化铁（FeO）、氧化铜（CuO）和氧化镍（NiO））对不同细菌菌株的抗菌功效。此外，还讨论了这些纳米粒子的抗菌活性机理。研究结果强调了可持续纳米技术在开发有效抗菌剂和促进环境可持续性方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0