Chemical control remains a preferred choice among the farmers for pest management, with tolfenpyrad and emamectin benzoate popularly used in vegetable crops. To ensure consumer safety and assess the potential risks of these pesticides to human health, a field experiment was conducted for the estimation of residues of the combination product of tolfenpyrad and emamectin benzoate (Tolfenpyrad 18.75% + Emamectin Benzoate 0.94% W/W SC) in cauliflower and brinjal following SANTE (2021) guidelines. The extraction of residues was done using modified QuEChERS, and residues were estimated using Liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole processor. The average recovery of tolfenpyrad in cauliflower and brinjal was 86.17%–106.19% and 85.53%–106.16%, respectively, whereas the average recovery of emamectin benzoate in cauliflower was 92.33%–102.00% and in brinjal it was 93.36%–99.44%. The dissipation studies for tolfenpyrad revealed that the half‐life at X and 1.25X was 0.94 and 1.25 days, and 1.96 and 1.92 days in cauliflower and brinjal, respectively. The half‐life of emamectin benzoate in cauliflower and brinjal at X and 1.25X was 1.25 and 1.48 days, and 1.08 and 1.17, respectively. The pre‐harvest interval (PHI) of emamectin benzoate in cauliflower and brinjal was 4.66–5.51 days and 8.68–10.64 days, respectively, which was less than the PHI of tolfenpyrad with values of 8.03–11.13 days and 12.85–13.07 days in cauliflower and brinjal, respectively. Dietary risk assessment revealed a Hazard quotient of less than 1, indicating negligible risk to human health when used according to the recommended dose and PHI.
{"title":"Residue Analysis, Dissipation Kinetics and Risk Assessment of Tolfenpyrad and Emamectin Benzoate in Cauliflower and Brinjal Using LC / MS and TQ","authors":"Sapna Katna, Tanuja Banshtu, Nisha Devi, Arvind Kumar, Shubhra Singh, Isha Sharma, Sakshi Sharma, Deeksha Sharma","doi":"10.1002/tox.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70012","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical control remains a preferred choice among the farmers for pest management, with tolfenpyrad and emamectin benzoate popularly used in vegetable crops. To ensure consumer safety and assess the potential risks of these pesticides to human health, a field experiment was conducted for the estimation of residues of the combination product of tolfenpyrad and emamectin benzoate (Tolfenpyrad 18.75% + Emamectin Benzoate 0.94% W/W SC) in cauliflower and brinjal following SANTE (2021) guidelines. The extraction of residues was done using modified QuEChERS, and residues were estimated using Liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole processor. The average recovery of tolfenpyrad in cauliflower and brinjal was 86.17%–106.19% and 85.53%–106.16%, respectively, whereas the average recovery of emamectin benzoate in cauliflower was 92.33%–102.00% and in brinjal it was 93.36%–99.44%. The dissipation studies for tolfenpyrad revealed that the half‐life at X and 1.25X was 0.94 and 1.25 days, and 1.96 and 1.92 days in cauliflower and brinjal, respectively. The half‐life of emamectin benzoate in cauliflower and brinjal at X and 1.25X was 1.25 and 1.48 days, and 1.08 and 1.17, respectively. The pre‐harvest interval (PHI) of emamectin benzoate in cauliflower and brinjal was 4.66–5.51 days and 8.68–10.64 days, respectively, which was less than the PHI of tolfenpyrad with values of 8.03–11.13 days and 12.85–13.07 days in cauliflower and brinjal, respectively. Dietary risk assessment revealed a Hazard quotient of less than 1, indicating negligible risk to human health when used according to the recommended dose and PHI.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eatemad A. Awadalla, Souad H. M. Bekheet, Yahia A. Amin, Samia A. Gbr, Zeinab Ebrahim, Amna H. M. Nour
Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely studied due to their unique properties and diverse applications. Among them, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are commonly used in paints, plastics, ceramics, and magnetic products. However, concerns over their potential toxicity have led to increased interest in safer, environmentally friendly synthesis methods. This study evaluates the toxicological effects of green‐synthesized AgNPs using Aloe vera extract compared to chemically synthesized AgNPs on vital organs (liver, kidney, spleen, and testis) in male mice. Twenty‐eight healthy adult male mice were randomly divided into four equal groups. Group I (control) received 0.9% NaCl; Group II received Aloe vera extract (5 mg/kg); Group III received chemically synthesized AgNPs; and Group IV received green‐synthesized AgNPs with Aloe vera . Blood samples were analyzed for biochemical parameters, including glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), urea, and creatinine. Tissue samples were examined for oxidative stress markers such as total oxidative stress (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and underwent histological and histochemical analysis. Results showed that the AgNPs and AgNPs ( Aloe vera ) groups exhibited significant increases in TOS, GOT, GPT, urea, and creatinine, with a concurrent reduction in TAC. However, only the chemically synthesized AgNPs group displayed marked histological damage in the liver, kidney, and testis, manifested as necrosis, inflammation, collagen deposition, and cellular degeneration. These changes were absent in the green‐synthesized AgNPs group. It can be concluded that AgNPs synthesized using Aloe vera exhibit fewer harmful health effects compared to those synthesized chemically, making green synthesis a safer and more reliable method.
{"title":"Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized From Aloe vera Extract Have Lower Toxicity Than Chemically Synthesized Forms on Hepatic, Renal, Oxidative/Antioxidative Profiles, and Histopathological Damage in Male Mice","authors":"Eatemad A. Awadalla, Souad H. M. Bekheet, Yahia A. Amin, Samia A. Gbr, Zeinab Ebrahim, Amna H. M. Nour","doi":"10.1002/tox.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70010","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely studied due to their unique properties and diverse applications. Among them, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are commonly used in paints, plastics, ceramics, and magnetic products. However, concerns over their potential toxicity have led to increased interest in safer, environmentally friendly synthesis methods. This study evaluates the toxicological effects of green‐synthesized AgNPs using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Aloe vera</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> extract compared to chemically synthesized AgNPs on vital organs (liver, kidney, spleen, and testis) in male mice. Twenty‐eight healthy adult male mice were randomly divided into four equal groups. Group I (control) received 0.9% NaCl; Group II received <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Aloe vera</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> extract (5 mg/kg); Group III received chemically synthesized AgNPs; and Group IV received green‐synthesized AgNPs with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Aloe vera</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> . Blood samples were analyzed for biochemical parameters, including glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), urea, and creatinine. Tissue samples were examined for oxidative stress markers such as total oxidative stress (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and underwent histological and histochemical analysis. Results showed that the AgNPs and AgNPs ( <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Aloe vera</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> ) groups exhibited significant increases in TOS, GOT, GPT, urea, and creatinine, with a concurrent reduction in TAC. However, only the chemically synthesized AgNPs group displayed marked histological damage in the liver, kidney, and testis, manifested as necrosis, inflammation, collagen deposition, and cellular degeneration. These changes were absent in the green‐synthesized AgNPs group. It can be concluded that AgNPs synthesized using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Aloe vera</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> exhibit fewer harmful health effects compared to those synthesized chemically, making green synthesis a safer and more reliable method.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"127 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carmen Ximena Martínez‐Escutia, Estefany I. Medina‐Reyes, Eduardo Delgado‐Armenta, Yolanda I. Chirino
Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), used as a food additive (labeled E171 in Europe), was withdrawn from the European market in 2022. The E171 toxicity mechanism involves its uptake, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation. It has been hypothesized that the TiO 2 accumulation nanoparticles (NPs) or E171 triggers tissue damage, and some studies have quantified titanium (Ti) concentration in several organs. Still, the accumulation pattern and toxicokinetics remain unknown. We aimed to systematically review the Ti accumulation in the liver, kidney, spleen, intestine, and colon as these tissues have been reported to accumulate the highest Ti levels. We defined the search terms, and the literature search yielded 418 records. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 58 records that quantified Ti after exposure to TiO 2 NPs or E171 by five variants of inductively coupled plasma methods were considered for the analysis. A comparison of the sex of the animal model, the doses, type of titanium dioxide tested, and the administration route was performed. Based on this systematic review, we conclude that Ti accumulation in the tissues analyzed is unrelated to dose, administration route, exposure time, or animal model. Additionally, we found that the sample collection and digestion processes for biological samples analyzed varied among the studies, and the impact of these variations on Ti detection is unknown.
{"title":"Titanium Detected in Liver, Kidney, Spleen, and Intestine Is Not Related to Dose, Time, or Route of Exposure to Titanium Dioxide: A Systematic Review","authors":"Carmen Ximena Martínez‐Escutia, Estefany I. Medina‐Reyes, Eduardo Delgado‐Armenta, Yolanda I. Chirino","doi":"10.1002/tox.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70011","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium dioxide (TiO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> ), used as a food additive (labeled E171 in Europe), was withdrawn from the European market in 2022. The E171 toxicity mechanism involves its uptake, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation. It has been hypothesized that the TiO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> accumulation nanoparticles (NPs) or E171 triggers tissue damage, and some studies have quantified titanium (Ti) concentration in several organs. Still, the accumulation pattern and toxicokinetics remain unknown. We aimed to systematically review the Ti accumulation in the liver, kidney, spleen, intestine, and colon as these tissues have been reported to accumulate the highest Ti levels. We defined the search terms, and the literature search yielded 418 records. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 58 records that quantified Ti after exposure to TiO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> NPs or E171 by five variants of inductively coupled plasma methods were considered for the analysis. A comparison of the sex of the animal model, the doses, type of titanium dioxide tested, and the administration route was performed. Based on this systematic review, we conclude that Ti accumulation in the tissues analyzed is unrelated to dose, administration route, exposure time, or animal model. Additionally, we found that the sample collection and digestion processes for biological samples analyzed varied among the studies, and the impact of these variations on Ti detection is unknown.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Glanet Durom,V A Aneesha,Nerella Venkata Pavan Kumar,M Karikalan,Meemansha Sharma,Madhu C Lingaraju,Subhashree Parida,Manjit Panigrahi,Avinash G Telang,Thakur Uttam Singh
Ethion is a commonly used OP (Organophosphate) pesticide. The present study evaluated the transgenerational reproductive effects of prenatal ethion exposure in rats. Different doses of ethion were orally administered to pregnant rats from gestational day (GD) 6-19, at doses of 0.86, 1.7, 3.43, and 6.9 mg/kg in groundnut oil. On post-natal day (PND) 1, body weight, crown-rump length (CRL), anogenital distance (AGD), tail length, and physical status of pups were evaluated. Post-natal survival was assessed by weekly monitoring of body weight, day of pinna detachment, teeth eruption, fur development, and eye and ear opening. Pubertal onset and oestrus cycle duration were recorded in female and male offspring and they were sacrificed on PND 60, and 75 respectively. Sperm parameters and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, mRNA expression of 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βHSD), DNA fragmentation, and histology of reproductive organs were evaluated. Lower ethion doses increased body weights, CRL, AGD, and tail lengths in pups. However, the highest dose showed significant weight reduction. Ethion delayed all postnatal developmental milestones in Filial (F1) offspring. In females, ethion-exposed groups showed prolonged oestrus cycle duration. MDA levels were elevated in the uterus, ovary, and testis. The uterus of ethion groups showed marked papillary projections and severe myometrial degeneration. The ovary showed disrupted ovarian stroma architecture and fewer developing and matured follicles in the ethion groups. mRNA expression of the 3βHSD gene revealed decreased fold change except in the 1.7 mg/kg group where an increase in the fold change was recorded. Ethion advanced the testis descent and delayed pubertal onset in males. It also reduced sperm count, motility, intact acrosome percentage, and increased sperm abnormalities. Ethion caused severe testicular degeneration with necrosis of spermatogonial cells and the formation of giant cells. It caused a decrease in the fold change of mRNA expression of the 3βHSD gene in the ovary and testis. No DNA fragmentation was observed. The findings indicate that prenatal ethion exposure induced marked transgenerational reproductive toxicity in rats.
{"title":"Prenatal Ethion Exposure Disrupts Reproductive Health in First-Generation Rats.","authors":"Elizabeth Glanet Durom,V A Aneesha,Nerella Venkata Pavan Kumar,M Karikalan,Meemansha Sharma,Madhu C Lingaraju,Subhashree Parida,Manjit Panigrahi,Avinash G Telang,Thakur Uttam Singh","doi":"10.1002/tox.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70008","url":null,"abstract":"Ethion is a commonly used OP (Organophosphate) pesticide. The present study evaluated the transgenerational reproductive effects of prenatal ethion exposure in rats. Different doses of ethion were orally administered to pregnant rats from gestational day (GD) 6-19, at doses of 0.86, 1.7, 3.43, and 6.9 mg/kg in groundnut oil. On post-natal day (PND) 1, body weight, crown-rump length (CRL), anogenital distance (AGD), tail length, and physical status of pups were evaluated. Post-natal survival was assessed by weekly monitoring of body weight, day of pinna detachment, teeth eruption, fur development, and eye and ear opening. Pubertal onset and oestrus cycle duration were recorded in female and male offspring and they were sacrificed on PND 60, and 75 respectively. Sperm parameters and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, mRNA expression of 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βHSD), DNA fragmentation, and histology of reproductive organs were evaluated. Lower ethion doses increased body weights, CRL, AGD, and tail lengths in pups. However, the highest dose showed significant weight reduction. Ethion delayed all postnatal developmental milestones in Filial (F1) offspring. In females, ethion-exposed groups showed prolonged oestrus cycle duration. MDA levels were elevated in the uterus, ovary, and testis. The uterus of ethion groups showed marked papillary projections and severe myometrial degeneration. The ovary showed disrupted ovarian stroma architecture and fewer developing and matured follicles in the ethion groups. mRNA expression of the 3βHSD gene revealed decreased fold change except in the 1.7 mg/kg group where an increase in the fold change was recorded. Ethion advanced the testis descent and delayed pubertal onset in males. It also reduced sperm count, motility, intact acrosome percentage, and increased sperm abnormalities. Ethion caused severe testicular degeneration with necrosis of spermatogonial cells and the formation of giant cells. It caused a decrease in the fold change of mRNA expression of the 3βHSD gene in the ovary and testis. No DNA fragmentation was observed. The findings indicate that prenatal ethion exposure induced marked transgenerational reproductive toxicity in rats.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145613239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fábio Campos, Maria D. Pavlaki, Amadeu M. V. M. Soares, Susana Loureiro
Pesticides and pharmaceuticals are among the most common chemical groups in waterbodies and soils, and their universal distribution raises concerns about potential adverse effects on nontarget organisms and humans. Reproductive output disruption is of particular concern, as it transposes effects from the individual to the next generations at the population level, requiring precise identification of the affected processes. Caenorhabditis elegans , with its well‐known lifecycle, is an excellent model organism for investigating such effects within the One Health framework. The present study evaluated the toxicity of four globally prevalent chemicals: the insecticides cypermethrin and flupyradifurone, the herbicide MCPA, and the pharmaceutical diclofenac, at different C. elegans life stages to determine possible effects on different reproductive processes. Embryotoxicity was evaluated by the hatching rates of exposed eggs. Developmental toxicity was assessed by exposing L1 larvae for 96 h and measuring total offspring production and feeding rate. Intergenerational effects were evaluated by hatching rates of in utero exposed eggs (removed from exposed adults). Our results indicate that all substances affected C. elegans in one or more different life stages. Cypermethrin and MCPA showed the highest developmental toxicity, while the latter was also the most toxic for embryo development and intergenerational effects. This targeted approach highlights unexpected reproductive impacts unrelated to the chemicals' primary modes of action. Our findings emphasize the potential of C. elegans in developing adverse outcome pathways, contributing to more realistic hazard predictions regarding human health and animal well‐being and protecting the environment within the One Health approach.
{"title":"Toxicity of Four Common Environmental Chemicals Across Caenorhabditis elegans Life Stages Supporting the One Health Concept","authors":"Fábio Campos, Maria D. Pavlaki, Amadeu M. V. M. Soares, Susana Loureiro","doi":"10.1002/tox.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70002","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticides and pharmaceuticals are among the most common chemical groups in waterbodies and soils, and their universal distribution raises concerns about potential adverse effects on nontarget organisms and humans. Reproductive output disruption is of particular concern, as it transposes effects from the individual to the next generations at the population level, requiring precise identification of the affected processes. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> , with its well‐known lifecycle, is an excellent model organism for investigating such effects within the One Health framework. The present study evaluated the toxicity of four globally prevalent chemicals: the insecticides cypermethrin and flupyradifurone, the herbicide MCPA, and the pharmaceutical diclofenac, at different <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>C. elegans</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> life stages to determine possible effects on different reproductive processes. Embryotoxicity was evaluated by the hatching rates of exposed eggs. Developmental toxicity was assessed by exposing L1 larvae for 96 h and measuring total offspring production and feeding rate. Intergenerational effects were evaluated by hatching rates of in utero exposed eggs (removed from exposed adults). Our results indicate that all substances affected <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>C. elegans</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> in one or more different life stages. Cypermethrin and MCPA showed the highest developmental toxicity, while the latter was also the most toxic for embryo development and intergenerational effects. This targeted approach highlights unexpected reproductive impacts unrelated to the chemicals' primary modes of action. Our findings emphasize the potential of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>C. elegans</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> in developing adverse outcome pathways, contributing to more realistic hazard predictions regarding human health and animal well‐being and protecting the environment within the One Health approach.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Jaikaria, R. Kumar, R. K. Asrani, S. Jamwal, A. Verma, J. G. Santoshrao, H. K. Bisen, V. Patial, D. Sharma, R. Kumar, A. Kumar, and R. D. Patil, “Unveiling the Anticarcinogenic Potential of Inula racemosa Hook. f. Root Extract Against DMBA-Induced Mammary Tumour in Sprague Dawley Rats,” Environmental Toxicology 40, no. 1 (2025): 111–127, https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.24419.
We apologize for this error.
A. Jaikaria， R. Kumar， R. K. Asrani， S. Jamwal， A. Verma， J. G. Santoshrao， H. K. Bisen， V. Patial， D. Sharma， R. Kumar， A. Kumar， R. D. Patil，“揭示总状叶Inula racemosa Hook的抗癌潜力”。f.根提取物对dmba诱导的Sprague Dawley大鼠乳腺肿瘤的抑制作用，《环境毒理学》，第40期。1 (2025): 111-127, https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.24419.We为这个错误道歉。
{"title":"Correction to “Unveiling the Anticarcinogenic Potential of Inula racemosa Hook. f. Root Extract Against DMBA-Induced Mammary Tumour in Sprague Dawley Rats”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/tox.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tox.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A. Jaikaria, R. Kumar, R. K. Asrani, S. Jamwal, A. Verma, J. G. Santoshrao, H. K. Bisen, V. Patial, D. Sharma, R. Kumar, A. Kumar, and R. D. Patil, “Unveiling the Anticarcinogenic Potential of Inula racemosa Hook. f. Root Extract Against DMBA-Induced Mammary Tumour in Sprague Dawley Rats,” <i>Environmental Toxicology</i> 40, no. 1 (2025): 111–127, https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.24419.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tox.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aicha Mouane, Maria Chikha, Fares Mohamed Amine, Khadra Afaf Bendrihem, Asma Abid, Soundes Akriche, Adel A. Ibrahim, Ayomide Victor Atoki, Fahima Neffar, Salima Zereg, Smail Djerou, Abderrahmane Ararem, Mohammed Messaoudi
This study aims to investigate the biochemical and histological impacts of pesticide exposure on the sandfish skink, Scincus scincus , in the agricultural region of El Oued‐Souf, Algeria. We carried out biochemical blood analysis and histological examination on lizards sampled from sites with high, moderate, and low exposure to pesticides. Biochemical analyses revealed significant disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism, renal function, and systemic inflammation, correlating with varying levels of exposure to pesticides. The high‐exposure group exhibited marked hyperglycemia (2.06 ± 0.29 mmol/L), elevated cholesterol (1.99 ± 0.44 mmol/L), and triglycerides (1.28 ± 0.42 mmol/L), along with significant increases in C‐reactive protein levels (11.78 ± 9.4), indicating systemic inflammation. Histological examination of heart, liver, and stomach tissues revealed a clear, exposure‐gradient‐dependent spectrum of pathological alterations. In samples from high‐exposure sites, tissues exhibited prominent interstitial fibrosis, marked infiltration of inflammatory cells, and a pronounced disruption of normal cellular architecture. These findings provide compelling evidence that increasing levels of pesticide exposure in agricultural areas are linked not only to systemic biochemical disturbances but also to significant local tissue damage in Scincus scincus , thus underlining the broader ecological and public health risks associated with intensive pesticide use.
{"title":"Impact of Pesticide Exposure on the Metabolic and Tissue Health of Scincus scincus (Reptilia: Scincidae) in Southeastern Algeria","authors":"Aicha Mouane, Maria Chikha, Fares Mohamed Amine, Khadra Afaf Bendrihem, Asma Abid, Soundes Akriche, Adel A. Ibrahim, Ayomide Victor Atoki, Fahima Neffar, Salima Zereg, Smail Djerou, Abderrahmane Ararem, Mohammed Messaoudi","doi":"10.1002/tox.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70004","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the biochemical and histological impacts of pesticide exposure on the sandfish skink, <jats:italic>Scincus scincus</jats:italic> , in the agricultural region of El Oued‐Souf, Algeria. We carried out biochemical blood analysis and histological examination on lizards sampled from sites with high, moderate, and low exposure to pesticides. Biochemical analyses revealed significant disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism, renal function, and systemic inflammation, correlating with varying levels of exposure to pesticides. The high‐exposure group exhibited marked hyperglycemia (2.06 ± 0.29 mmol/L), elevated cholesterol (1.99 ± 0.44 mmol/L), and triglycerides (1.28 ± 0.42 mmol/L), along with significant increases in C‐reactive protein levels (11.78 ± 9.4), indicating systemic inflammation. Histological examination of heart, liver, and stomach tissues revealed a clear, exposure‐gradient‐dependent spectrum of pathological alterations. In samples from high‐exposure sites, tissues exhibited prominent interstitial fibrosis, marked infiltration of inflammatory cells, and a pronounced disruption of normal cellular architecture. These findings provide compelling evidence that increasing levels of pesticide exposure in agricultural areas are linked not only to systemic biochemical disturbances but also to significant local tissue damage in <jats:italic>Scincus scincus</jats:italic> , thus underlining the broader ecological and public health risks associated with intensive pesticide use.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145609043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heidi M. Luter, Katarina Damjanovic, Marie C. Thomas, Rebecca Fisher, Lone Hoj, Andrew P. Negri
Bioassays using bioluminescent bacteria offer a cost‐effective and efficient alternative to standard toxicity assays for assessing contaminant risks in the environment, with applications in water quality assessments and effluent screening spanning decades. However, most bacterial bioassays utilize Aliivibrio fischeri in a low‐throughput format under temperate conditions, limiting their suitability for tropical marine environments. Furthermore, conventional A. fischeri assays rely on short exposure periods (e.g., 5, 15, 30 min) and luminescence as the sole toxicity endpoint, reducing their applicability for deriving water quality guideline values. This study aimed to develop a high‐throughput, and cost‐effective assay using the tropical bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio azureus (Lum‐31), incorporating toxicity endpoints suitable for both acute and chronic contaminant assessment in tropical marine conditions. Using copper and zinc as reference toxicants, we demonstrated the repeatability of the acute luminescence assay at 15 and 30 min, with increased sensitivity compared to A. fischeri assays. In addition, integrating an ecologically relevant endpoint (specific growth rate) and a chronic exposure period (> 24 h) enabled comparisons of V. azureus sensitivity with other taxa in sensitivity distributions for copper and zinc species. This approach enhances the ecological relevance of the assay and improves its applicability for future ecological risk assessments in tropical marine environments.
{"title":"A Bioluminescent Bacterial Toxicity Assay for Tropical Marine Environments","authors":"Heidi M. Luter, Katarina Damjanovic, Marie C. Thomas, Rebecca Fisher, Lone Hoj, Andrew P. Negri","doi":"10.1002/tox.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70003","url":null,"abstract":"Bioassays using bioluminescent bacteria offer a cost‐effective and efficient alternative to standard toxicity assays for assessing contaminant risks in the environment, with applications in water quality assessments and effluent screening spanning decades. However, most bacterial bioassays utilize <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Aliivibrio fischeri</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> in a low‐throughput format under temperate conditions, limiting their suitability for tropical marine environments. Furthermore, conventional <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>A. fischeri</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> assays rely on short exposure periods (e.g., 5, 15, 30 min) and luminescence as the sole toxicity endpoint, reducing their applicability for deriving water quality guideline values. This study aimed to develop a high‐throughput, and cost‐effective assay using the tropical bioluminescent bacterium <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Vibrio azureus</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> (Lum‐31), incorporating toxicity endpoints suitable for both acute and chronic contaminant assessment in tropical marine conditions. Using copper and zinc as reference toxicants, we demonstrated the repeatability of the acute luminescence assay at 15 and 30 min, with increased sensitivity compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>A. fischeri</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> assays. In addition, integrating an ecologically relevant endpoint (specific growth rate) and a chronic exposure period (> 24 h) enabled comparisons of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>V. azureus</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> sensitivity with other taxa in sensitivity distributions for copper and zinc species. This approach enhances the ecological relevance of the assay and improves its applicability for future ecological risk assessments in tropical marine environments.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145593533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donald L. Simmons, Brian Wels, Alyssa Mattson, Elizabeth M. Miller, Zachary E. Hoggarth, Maya Sternberg, Susie Y. Dai, Dustin May, Michael Schueller, Michael Pentella
Previous Iowa studies suggest low levels and chronic arsenic exposures are associated with prostate cancer. The rural Iowa population heavily relies on private wells for drinking water resources and thus is vulnerable to contaminants such as heavy metals found in well water. The Iowa Biomonitoring Program focuses on determining the extent of chemical exposure through urine biomarker testing in the rural Iowa population which uses private well water as their primary drinking water source. Besides the previously identified high risk of arsenic, the current exposure study expands to a panel of 16 elements such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, barium, strontium and uranium. The State Hygienic Laboratory at the University of Iowa (SHL) enrolled 1189 participants for the private well study for surveillance of arsenic and other elements of interest as part of a larger surveillance effort. Water samples and urine specimens were collected by 1018 participants and sent to the State Hygienic Laboratory for analysis. Analytical methods used for the determination of elements in water and urine were validated prior to use and were based on established methods from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Water samples and urine specimens were analyzed for lead, cadmium, uranium, arsenic, tin, strontium, cobalt, thallium, manganese, barium, beryllium, molybdenum, tungsten, cesium, platinum, and antimony. The initial analysis of the data indicates statistically significant positive correlations between well water and urinary concentrations of arsenic, uranium and strontium (Spearman's rank‐order correlation coefficients of 0.230, 0.466, and 0.314, respectively). Cadmium, lead, and other metals tested showed no significant correlation with well water. For the first time in Iowa, we identified a moderate association of urine uranium to uranium found in well water. This suggests that exposure to uranium is occurring by drinking well water. In addition, the correlation of arsenic in well water and urine showed a weak positive association as evidence of exposure to arsenic from drinking well water. Strontium was also correlated in urine and well water. Participants whose well water had arsenic levels at or above the maximum contaminant level (MCL) were contacted to increase awareness of the risk of arsenic exposure. Most of the participants indicated they had water treatment systems in use which may explain the weak correlation and give supporting evidence of public health outreach in the area.
{"title":"Iowa Population Exposures to Metals and Metalloids in Well Water","authors":"Donald L. Simmons, Brian Wels, Alyssa Mattson, Elizabeth M. Miller, Zachary E. Hoggarth, Maya Sternberg, Susie Y. Dai, Dustin May, Michael Schueller, Michael Pentella","doi":"10.1002/tox.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.70005","url":null,"abstract":"Previous Iowa studies suggest low levels and chronic arsenic exposures are associated with prostate cancer. The rural Iowa population heavily relies on private wells for drinking water resources and thus is vulnerable to contaminants such as heavy metals found in well water. The Iowa Biomonitoring Program focuses on determining the extent of chemical exposure through urine biomarker testing in the rural Iowa population which uses private well water as their primary drinking water source. Besides the previously identified high risk of arsenic, the current exposure study expands to a panel of 16 elements such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, barium, strontium and uranium. The State Hygienic Laboratory at the University of Iowa (SHL) enrolled 1189 participants for the private well study for surveillance of arsenic and other elements of interest as part of a larger surveillance effort. Water samples and urine specimens were collected by 1018 participants and sent to the State Hygienic Laboratory for analysis. Analytical methods used for the determination of elements in water and urine were validated prior to use and were based on established methods from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Water samples and urine specimens were analyzed for lead, cadmium, uranium, arsenic, tin, strontium, cobalt, thallium, manganese, barium, beryllium, molybdenum, tungsten, cesium, platinum, and antimony. The initial analysis of the data indicates statistically significant positive correlations between well water and urinary concentrations of arsenic, uranium and strontium (Spearman's rank‐order correlation coefficients of 0.230, 0.466, and 0.314, respectively). Cadmium, lead, and other metals tested showed no significant correlation with well water. For the first time in Iowa, we identified a moderate association of urine uranium to uranium found in well water. This suggests that exposure to uranium is occurring by drinking well water. In addition, the correlation of arsenic in well water and urine showed a weak positive association as evidence of exposure to arsenic from drinking well water. Strontium was also correlated in urine and well water. Participants whose well water had arsenic levels at or above the maximum contaminant level (MCL) were contacted to increase awareness of the risk of arsenic exposure. Most of the participants indicated they had water treatment systems in use which may explain the weak correlation and give supporting evidence of public health outreach in the area.","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RETRACTION:Y. Meng, L. Chen, Y. Chai, W. Meng, G. Yang, J. Ren, H. Li, P. Qi, J. Chen, and N. Wang, “ PUM2 Promoted Osteoarthritis Progression Through PTEN-Mediated Chondrocyte Ferroptosis by Facilitating NEDD4 mRNA Degradation,” Environmental Toxicology39, no. 9 (2024): 4318-4332, https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.24310.
The above article, published online on 11 May 2024, in Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, April Rodd; and Wiley Periodicals LLC. Following publication, duplications were noted in Figure 5. The retraction has been agreed to because of evidence that portions of this figure representing different experimental conditions were duplicated, affecting the interpretation of the data and results presented. The authors did not respond to communications from the Publisher requesting raw data for the experiments in question and an explanation of the concerns. This retraction has been agreed to because the image duplications identified have caused the editors to lose confidence in the results and conclusions presented.
Authors L. Chen, Y. Chai, W. Meng, J. Ren, H. Li, P. Qi, J. Chen and N. Wang did not respond to communications from the Publisher regarding the retraction. Authors Y. Meng and G. Yang could not be reached for comment regarding this retraction.
引用本文：杨刚，任建军，李红华，齐平，陈建军，王宁，“环境毒理学”，第39期。（2024）： 4318‐4332,https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.24310。上述文章于2024年5月11日在线发表在Wiley在线图书馆（http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/）上，经期刊主编April Rodd；和Wiley期刊有限责任公司。发表后，图5中标注了重复。由于有证据表明此图中代表不同实验条件的部分重复，影响了所呈现的数据和结果的解释，因此同意撤回。作者没有回应出版商要求提供有关实验的原始数据和解释其担忧的通信。本次撤稿已被同意，因为发现的图像重复已导致编辑对所呈现的结果和结论失去信心。作者L. Chen， Y. Chai， W.孟，J. Ren， H. Li， P. Qi， J. Chen和N. Wang没有回应出版商关于撤稿的联系。作者Y.孟和G. Yang无法就此次撤稿发表评论。
{"title":"RETRACTION: PUM2 Promoted Osteoarthritis Progression Through PTEN-Mediated Chondrocyte Ferroptosis by Facilitating NEDD4 mRNA Degradation","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/tox.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tox.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 <b>RETRACTION:</b> <span>Y. Meng</span>, <span>L. Chen</span>, <span>Y. Chai</span>, <span>W. Meng</span>, <span>G. Yang</span>, <span>J. Ren</span>, <span>H. Li</span>, <span>P. Qi</span>, <span>J. Chen</span>, and <span>N. Wang</span>, “ <span>PUM2 Promoted Osteoarthritis Progression Through PTEN-Mediated Chondrocyte Ferroptosis by Facilitating NEDD4 mRNA Degradation</span>,” <i>Environmental Toxicology</i> <span>39</span>, no. <span>9</span> (<span>2024</span>): <span>4318</span>-<span>4332</span>, https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.24310.\u0000 </p><p>The above article, published online on 11 May 2024, in Wiley Online Library (<i>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/</i>), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, April Rodd; and Wiley Periodicals LLC. Following publication, duplications were noted in Figure 5. The retraction has been agreed to because of evidence that portions of this figure representing different experimental conditions were duplicated, affecting the interpretation of the data and results presented. The authors did not respond to communications from the Publisher requesting raw data for the experiments in question and an explanation of the concerns. This retraction has been agreed to because the image duplications identified have caused the editors to lose confidence in the results and conclusions presented.</p><p>Authors L. Chen, Y. Chai, W. Meng, J. Ren, H. Li, P. Qi, J. Chen and N. Wang did not respond to communications from the Publisher regarding the retraction. Authors Y. Meng and G. Yang could not be reached for comment regarding this retraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":11756,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tox.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145545563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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