Energy Storage最新文献

This article evaluates the growing prominence of electric vehicles (EVs) driven by factors like cost reduction and increased environmental awareness. It scrutinizes EV progress, focusing on battery technology advancements, charging methods, and emerging research prospects. It also delves into the global EV market status and its future potential. With batteries being a pivotal EV component, this article offers an extensive overview of various battery technologies, spanning from traditional Lead-acid to modern lithium-ion batteries. Furthermore, it explores diverse EV charging standards, emphasizing battery energy management, and underscores unexplored research opportunities for both industry and academia.

The current study is focused on the development of phase change material composites (PCCs), attained by the solvent-casting method, comprising a hydrophilic polymer matrix (polyvinyl alcohol) enclosing polyethylene glycol (PEG600) as an active thermal energy storage (TES) component, and anchored with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TDN). The impact of the integrated metal oxide nanoparticles at different loadings (0.25%-1%) on the TES attributes, thermal stability, UV resistance, and flame retardancy of the fabricated composites has been studied. The Fourier-transform infrared and field-emission scanning electron microscopy techniques have been used to characterize the PCCs obtained. Phase change attributes and thermal stability of the resultant PCCs are evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimatric analysis (TGA). The introduction of TDN particles in different concentrations to the PCCs considerably refines the phase change variables and thermal resistance of the reinforced film samples. PCCs film with 1% TDN concentration exhibited onset melting and crystallization temperatures at −9.9°C and 13.5°C, respectively, and peak melting and crystallization transitions occurred at 8.7°C and 3.6°C, with associated heat enthalpies of 25.57 and 22.22 J g⁻¹, respectively. UV and flame-retardant (FR) features of the PCCs were found to be improved with the presence of metal oxide particles in the composite films. The metal oxide nanoparticles enhance the FR behavior of fabricated composites by 11.45% as compared to unfilled films.

Generation of green energy is critical for addressing the environmental pollution and saving aquatic life in future by reducing the greenhouse gas. Green energy is generated using sources like wind, water, sun, living plants, and so on. These sources are essential for long-term efforts to mitigate climate change. The large-scale use of green energies will contribute to sustainable development which ensure access to reliable, and chemical free energy to power up the portable devices. This research article proposes design of green rechargeable and regenerative battery for brighter future. The proposed battery is not only rechargeable and eco-friendly but also non-flammable and can survive at extreme weather conditions T = 70°C (V = 1.52 V, I = 75.5 μA) and T = −65°C (V = 1.52 V, I = 55.2 μA). The electric current of the designed battery also depends on shaking/rotation. The proposed battery can charge 80% to 90% of its initial value within 30 to 40 minutes which makes it a favorable candidate where faster recharging is needed. The designed battery does not show any heating effect even at T = 70°C. Since, battery is free from any chemical, it is therefore does not release any hazardous chemicals once dispose of.

The electricity sector is witnessing a rise in renewable energy sources and the widespread adoption of electric vehicles, posing new challenges for distribution system. Additionally, the surge in carbon emissions resulting from industrialization and population growth continues to worsen global warming and climate change. In response, integrating electric vehicles (EVs) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) has emerged as a critical strategy, presenting both challenges and opportunities in effective energy management. BESSs offer potential solutions to mitigate these impacts. Furthermore, this review thoroughly explores issues related to lithium-ion batteries, particularly in the context of EVs and energy management systems (EMS), identifies challenges, and provides recommendations for future research directions. The article concludes by outlining the current extent of investigation in the field of BESS and EV systems to provide researchers with a clear understanding. The escalation of carbon emissions stemming from industrialization and population expansion has worsened the effects of global warming and climate change. To address this challenge, the integration of Electric EVs and energy storage systems (ESS) has emerged as a pivotal strategy. This study examines optimization techniques, methodologies, and the evolving market landscape in distributed systems, with a focus on EVs and BESS. It also explores issues related to lithium-ion batteries, particularly in the context of EVs and energy management systems. The article highlights the challenges and opportunities in the field of BESS and EV systems, emphasizing the need for ongoing research. BESSs offer potential solutions to mitigate these impacts. Moreover, it offers an extensive analysis of the existing BESS installations, outlining main areas of interest, pointing out difficulties, clarifying areas of unfinished study, and providing future directions.

Phase change materials (PCMs) can absorb, store, and release substantial latent heat within a specific temperature range during phase transition and have gained huge attention due to environmental concerns and energy crises. However, PCMs have a significant downside in energy storage due to their relatively lower thermal conductivity, leading to inadequate heat transfer (HT) performance. The foremost aim of the research is to synthesize an eco-friendly coconut shell biochar (CSB) dispersed with organic A46 PCM in the temperature range of 44°C to 46°C to form a green nanocomposite. A two-step approach is adopted to formulate the nanocomposites with different weight concentrations (0.2% and 0.8%) of green CSB particles. The developed nanocomposite's thermal conductivity and chemical stability were examined using a thermal properties analyzer and a Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer. The developed biochar composites have excellent thermal conductivity (0.39 W/m K) compared with base PCM (0.22 W/m K). Also, the developed nanocomposites were physically mixed together; there were no additional functional groups formed compared to pristine PCM, and the prepared materials were composite. Furthermore, a numerical analysis was performed using two-dimensional energy modeling software to ascertain the HT rate of A46 composites. These thermally energized green nanocomposites show great promise for thermal energy storage and thermal management applications like battery thermal management, photovoltaic thermal systems, desalination systems, electronic cooling, building applications, and textiles.

Extreme climate events are on the rise, posing significant challenges to power systems, leading to blackouts and infrastructure damage. Energy storage plays a crucial role in enhancing grid resilience by providing stability, backup power, load shifting capabilities, and voltage regulation. While stationary energy storage has been widely adopted, there is growing interest in vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage due to its mobility and flexibility. This article proposes an integrated approach that combines stationary and vehicle-mounted mobile energy storage to optimize power system safety and stability under the conditions of limiting the total investment in both types of energy storages. The principal aim is to minimize the weighted energy not served index in the presence of fault conditions. By strategically allocating energy storage resources and dynamically dispatching stored energy, operators can ensure rapid response and effective power restoration, improving overall reliability in the face of extreme weather events.

Solid waste utilization in synthesizing porous carbon materials for supercapacitor electrodes has been a fast-progressing research domain in past decades. Different types of agricultural and industrial waste have the potential to act as a precursor supply for carbon with porous structures. In this study, the waste generated from a furnace-grade conductive carbon black manufacturing industry was utilized to synthesize porous carbon through pyrolysis at 400°C for 2 hours, followed by chemical activation at 800°C for 1 hour. Different activating agents, precisely, potassium hydroxide, orthophosphoric acid, and zinc chloride, were used. Similar activation conditions as well as the mass ratio of activating agent to sample (4:1), were maintained to make a comparative study. All three samples were then tested in a three-electrode set-up through cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for their performance as electrode material for supercapacitors with a mass loading of 4.0 mg/cm² in 1 M Na₂SO₄ electrolyte. The largest specific capacitance was obtained for the KOH-activated sample, that is, 21.3 F/g, followed by 17.9 F/g for H₃PO₄ activated sample and 13.7 F/g for the ZnCl₂-activated sample, at a scan rate of 50 mV/s. Though the obtained capacitance is much smaller for its practical application, the study acts as a base for further modifications and upgrades to utilize this high carbon-containing waste in energy storage.

Iron vanadate (FeVO₄) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion technique, yielding a triclinic nanostructure as revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average size, crystalline structure, and morphology of the nanoparticles were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to investigate the elemental content and purity of the FeVO₄ NPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the surface stretching frequency of the FeVO₄ NPs. Using a doctor blade, the produced FeVO₄ NPs were applied to the surface of a stainless steel (SS) substrate. The fabricated electrode was examined using GCD, EIS, and CV techniques. The absorption spectra exhibited strong absorbance in the visible range, with a band gap of 3.43 eV. Additionally, the FeVO₄ electrode showed supercapacitor properties, with a maximum specific capacitance of 1151.05 F/g in a 1 M KOH electrolyte at a scan rate of 5 mV/s. These results indicate that the prepared FeVO₄ electrode is promising for supercapacitor application due to their excellent electrochemical performance.

In this study, cobalt phosphate (Co₃[PO₄]₂) nanosheets were synthesized through a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method with enhanced electrochemical properties. The synthesis was carried out at different microwave heating times (3, 5, 10, and 15 min) at a fixed temperature of 200°C. The structural properties of the synthesized Co₃(PO₄)₂ nanosheets were investigated via XRD, FESEM-EDS and TEM studies, while the electrochemical parameters were evaluated through CV, GCD, and EIS in a standard 3-electrode cell with 1 M KOH as an electrolyte at a room temperature. The results reveal that Co₃(PO₄)₂ nanosheets synthesized at 5 min microwave heating time exhibited maximum electrochemical performance owing to its excellent structural and morphological properties and thus reported a specific capacity of 130.98 and 164.52 C/g at a scan rate of 10 mV/s and a current density of 1 A/g, respectively. Furthermore, a stability test of the synthesized electrode material reported excellent cyclic stability of the electrode with 101% retention of the initial value of its specific capacity after 1000 cycles.

In developing countries, electrical power distribution networks are often inadequate, particularly in small health centers. As a result, the electrical energy supplied by the grid is frequently interrupted. The productivity and quality of service delivered by these health centers to the people who live in these areas are severely affected by this issue. This issue can be resolved by incorporating battery storage systems along with renewable energy sources into the distribution system. The direct delivery of energy to customers is greatly aided by these renewable energy supplies. Partially, the grid supports such a system on a limited scale to guarantee the continuity of the energy supply. This study tried to resolve the problem due to these frequent power outages and its economic expenditures. To address the illustrated challenges, we tried to renovate the diesel generator with a solar and battery energy supply. The PVsyst software shows the average global solar radiation in the selected zone is$���5.84��\mathrm{kmh}�/�m^2�/�\mathrm{day}�$. The annual energy demand for Gedeo health centers in 2023 is 3.32 MWH and the proposed PV-battery hybrid system has a 10.95 MWH capacity. Moreover, when we utilize a diesel generator the Capital cost (CC), Net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and payback period are 12 452.25$, 13 369.12$, 0.1$, and 10.7 years respectively. The economic assessment result of the proposed system is 4083$, 4727$, 0.059$, and 3.8 years consecutively. In southern Ethiopia, the annual emission from diesel generators alone, excluding the emission from the vehicles is close to 692 tons. Consequently, from the empirical economic assessment the installed solar energy is 90% more beneficial than the existing system.