D. A. Alorain, M. I. Sayyed, A. Almuqrin, K. Mahmoud
Abstract A series of polyepoxide resins doped by lead oxide with low concentrations were fabricated in order to study the impacts of low PbO concentrations on the fabricated composites’ physical- and radiation-shielding properties. The epoxide resin was reinforced with the PbO compound with concentrations 0, 5, and 10 wt%. The density measurements affirmed that by elevating the PbO concentration between 0 and 10 wt%, the composites’ density increased from 1.103 to 1.185 g·cm−3. This low-density increase was echoed in the fabricated composites’ radiation-shielding properties, where the Monte Carlo simulation code affirmed a linear attenuation coefficient increase by factors of 230%, 218%, 24%, and 10%, respectively, at 59, 121, 356, and 662 keV. The half-value layer, mean free path, and transmission factor indicated a linear attenuation coefficient enhancement.
{"title":"Impacts of micro-size PbO on the gamma-ray shielding performance of polyepoxide resin","authors":"D. A. Alorain, M. I. Sayyed, A. Almuqrin, K. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A series of polyepoxide resins doped by lead oxide with low concentrations were fabricated in order to study the impacts of low PbO concentrations on the fabricated composites’ physical- and radiation-shielding properties. The epoxide resin was reinforced with the PbO compound with concentrations 0, 5, and 10 wt%. The density measurements affirmed that by elevating the PbO concentration between 0 and 10 wt%, the composites’ density increased from 1.103 to 1.185 g·cm−3. This low-density increase was echoed in the fabricated composites’ radiation-shielding properties, where the Monte Carlo simulation code affirmed a linear attenuation coefficient increase by factors of 230%, 218%, 24%, and 10%, respectively, at 59, 121, 356, and 662 keV. The half-value layer, mean free path, and transmission factor indicated a linear attenuation coefficient enhancement.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43794931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the production of powder-coating polyester, a strong odor emanates from the water, prompting us to investigate its composition and origin. We studied the process of powder coating epoxy/polyester 50/50, which employs butyl tin tris (2-ethyl hexanoate) as a catalyst. The esterified water was extracted using ethyl acetate. It was analyzed via GC–MS to identify the side reactions and by-products that arise during the tin-catalyzed esterification process. Then we discussed their formation mechanism. Our results indicate that butyl tin tris (2-ethyl hexanoate) triggers side reactions such as cyclization and transesterification, leading to the production of by-products such as heterocyclic compounds (1,4-dioxane), anhydride compounds (propionic anhydride), and others. Notably, the unpleasant odor was found to be derived from propionic anhydride. These findings provide insights into the chemistry of tin-catalyzed esterification and highlight the importance of addressing the formation of unwanted by-products in the production of powder-coating polyester.
{"title":"Study on by-products synthesis of powder coating polyester resin catalyzed by organotin","authors":"Yucheng Yang, Chao Di, Tingwei Wang","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the production of powder-coating polyester, a strong odor emanates from the water, prompting us to investigate its composition and origin. We studied the process of powder coating epoxy/polyester 50/50, which employs butyl tin tris (2-ethyl hexanoate) as a catalyst. The esterified water was extracted using ethyl acetate. It was analyzed via GC–MS to identify the side reactions and by-products that arise during the tin-catalyzed esterification process. Then we discussed their formation mechanism. Our results indicate that butyl tin tris (2-ethyl hexanoate) triggers side reactions such as cyclization and transesterification, leading to the production of by-products such as heterocyclic compounds (1,4-dioxane), anhydride compounds (propionic anhydride), and others. Notably, the unpleasant odor was found to be derived from propionic anhydride. These findings provide insights into the chemistry of tin-catalyzed esterification and highlight the importance of addressing the formation of unwanted by-products in the production of powder-coating polyester.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46292660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A thorough comparative analysis was conducted between pure epoxy and a novel epoxy composite that included bentonite and WO3 nanoparticles in varying ratios. This study examined five distinct novel epoxy samples (E00, EB0, EBW1, EBW2, and EBW3) to assess their radiation shielding efficiency (RSE), taking into account the addition of bentonite and WO3 nanoparticles. Furthermore, the study compared the RSE of pure epoxy with that of the novel epoxy composite. To evaluate the radiation shielding ability of the studied epoxy samples, a few radiation shielding parameters such as linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), mean free path (MFP), RSE, and transition factor (I/I 0) were calculated. The RSE values of the epoxy samples were E00 (63.41%), EB0 (87.17%), EBW1 (98.26%), EBW2 (99.82%), and EBW3 (99.99%) at an energy of 0.06 MeV with 4 cm thickness. With the increase in the incident energy, the half-value layer and MFP values were increased, whereas the LAC and MAC values decreased. In conclusion, it can be stated that the sample EBW3 is more suitable among the five epoxy samples studied for attenuating the incident photon energy from 0.06 to 1.33 MeV. Noteworthily, the obtained results demonstrate that the addition of WO3 nanoparticles enhances the shielding ability of epoxy when compared to the addition of the same amount of bentonite.
{"title":"The affinity of bentonite and WO3 nanoparticles toward epoxy resin polymer for radiation shielding","authors":"M. Elsafi, A. Almuqrin, S. Yasmin, M. I. Sayyed","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A thorough comparative analysis was conducted between pure epoxy and a novel epoxy composite that included bentonite and WO3 nanoparticles in varying ratios. This study examined five distinct novel epoxy samples (E00, EB0, EBW1, EBW2, and EBW3) to assess their radiation shielding efficiency (RSE), taking into account the addition of bentonite and WO3 nanoparticles. Furthermore, the study compared the RSE of pure epoxy with that of the novel epoxy composite. To evaluate the radiation shielding ability of the studied epoxy samples, a few radiation shielding parameters such as linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), mean free path (MFP), RSE, and transition factor (I/I 0) were calculated. The RSE values of the epoxy samples were E00 (63.41%), EB0 (87.17%), EBW1 (98.26%), EBW2 (99.82%), and EBW3 (99.99%) at an energy of 0.06 MeV with 4 cm thickness. With the increase in the incident energy, the half-value layer and MFP values were increased, whereas the LAC and MAC values decreased. In conclusion, it can be stated that the sample EBW3 is more suitable among the five epoxy samples studied for attenuating the incident photon energy from 0.06 to 1.33 MeV. Noteworthily, the obtained results demonstrate that the addition of WO3 nanoparticles enhances the shielding ability of epoxy when compared to the addition of the same amount of bentonite.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47643921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mengtong Zhou, Hao-Ran Wang, Xing Guo, Yanchan Wei, S. Liao
Abstract The oxidation of natural rubber (NR) leads to a decrease in mechanical properties, even resulting in failure of NR products. Many studies focusing on this single factor have failed to fully elucidate the impact of tropical island environment on NR properties. Based on this concern, the synergistic effect of thermal oxygen and ultraviolet (UV) aging on NR was systematically studied. The results revealed that thermal oxygenation can promote UV aging, which leads to the appearance of surface cracks and deepening of color. With the extension of aging time, the mechanical properties of NR correspondingly decreased. Besides, to deeply understand the mechanism of the synergistic effect of thermal oxygen and UV aging on NR, we selected squalene to simulate and analyze the molecular structure changes in NR. Based on these results, a possible synergistic effect of thermal oxygen and UV aging mechanisms on NR could be proposed.
{"title":"Synergistic effect of thermal oxygen and UV aging on natural rubber","authors":"Mengtong Zhou, Hao-Ran Wang, Xing Guo, Yanchan Wei, S. Liao","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The oxidation of natural rubber (NR) leads to a decrease in mechanical properties, even resulting in failure of NR products. Many studies focusing on this single factor have failed to fully elucidate the impact of tropical island environment on NR properties. Based on this concern, the synergistic effect of thermal oxygen and ultraviolet (UV) aging on NR was systematically studied. The results revealed that thermal oxygenation can promote UV aging, which leads to the appearance of surface cracks and deepening of color. With the extension of aging time, the mechanical properties of NR correspondingly decreased. Besides, to deeply understand the mechanism of the synergistic effect of thermal oxygen and UV aging on NR, we selected squalene to simulate and analyze the molecular structure changes in NR. Based on these results, a possible synergistic effect of thermal oxygen and UV aging mechanisms on NR could be proposed.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49477568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
YaoWen Yin, M. Jiao, AnFei Liu, Hao Wang, Yang Liu, Y. Liu, Kaifeng Yang, Genxing Zhu
Abstract This article proposes the preparation and microwave thermal cured (MTC) epoxy-modified phenolic fibers for the first time. Epoxy-modified thermoplastic phenolic resin was first prepared in acidic condition using phenol, formaldehyde, and epichlorohydrin as the reactants, and then underwent additive reaction with formaldehyde to obtain epoxy-modified thermosetting phenolic resin, which was converted into nascent fibers through wet spinning. Finally, epoxy-modified phenolic fibers were obtained through different curing methods including solution cured, solution thermal cured, microwave cured, MTC, and was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, microscopic infrared imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The experiment results show that MTC epoxy-modified phenolic fibers have optimal mechanical property with ultimate elongation of 4% and breaking strength of 133 MPa. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Preparation and properties of epoxy-modified thermosetting phenolic fiber","authors":"YaoWen Yin, M. Jiao, AnFei Liu, Hao Wang, Yang Liu, Y. Liu, Kaifeng Yang, Genxing Zhu","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2022-8085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2022-8085","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article proposes the preparation and microwave thermal cured (MTC) epoxy-modified phenolic fibers for the first time. Epoxy-modified thermoplastic phenolic resin was first prepared in acidic condition using phenol, formaldehyde, and epichlorohydrin as the reactants, and then underwent additive reaction with formaldehyde to obtain epoxy-modified thermosetting phenolic resin, which was converted into nascent fibers through wet spinning. Finally, epoxy-modified phenolic fibers were obtained through different curing methods including solution cured, solution thermal cured, microwave cured, MTC, and was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, microscopic infrared imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The experiment results show that MTC epoxy-modified phenolic fibers have optimal mechanical property with ultimate elongation of 4% and breaking strength of 133 MPa. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48759904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Energy-saving tires have been developed by researchers in the industry in order to minimize hysteresis loss. In general, this is achieved by combining precipitated silica sourced from silica sand with a silane coupling agent. This strategic reaction serves to elevate the performance characteristics of tread tire, effectively enhancing their properties. Therefore, this research is aimed to investigate the utilization of commercially available biosilica compared to high dispersed (HD) silica, examining their potential as reinforcing agents in the composition of passenger tread tire compound. This compound was formulated using a blend of solution styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) and butadiene rubber (BR). A comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess the impact of varying ratios between biosilica and HD silica on the mechanical and dynamic properties of tread tire compound composed of SSBR and BR blend. The results showed that the incorporation of biosilica could effectively reduce the filler network resulting in better dispersion of biosilica in the SSBR/BR blend matrix. As a result, it improved wet grip (44%) and rolling resistance (26%) while maintaining abrasion resistance compared with HD silica in passenger tread tire compound. The application of biosilica as an eco-friendly reinforcement material exhibited its potential for elevating the performance of energy-efficient tread tire.
{"title":"Utilization of biosilica for energy-saving tire compounds: Enhancing performance and efficiency","authors":"Mohamad Irfan Fathurrohman, Santi Puspitasari, Asron Ferdian Falaah, Lydia Anggraini, Nanang Ali Sutisna, Rijal Hakiki","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Energy-saving tires have been developed by researchers in the industry in order to minimize hysteresis loss. In general, this is achieved by combining precipitated silica sourced from silica sand with a silane coupling agent. This strategic reaction serves to elevate the performance characteristics of tread tire, effectively enhancing their properties. Therefore, this research is aimed to investigate the utilization of commercially available biosilica compared to high dispersed (HD) silica, examining their potential as reinforcing agents in the composition of passenger tread tire compound. This compound was formulated using a blend of solution styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) and butadiene rubber (BR). A comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess the impact of varying ratios between biosilica and HD silica on the mechanical and dynamic properties of tread tire compound composed of SSBR and BR blend. The results showed that the incorporation of biosilica could effectively reduce the filler network resulting in better dispersion of biosilica in the SSBR/BR blend matrix. As a result, it improved wet grip (44%) and rolling resistance (26%) while maintaining abrasion resistance compared with HD silica in passenger tread tire compound. The application of biosilica as an eco-friendly reinforcement material exhibited its potential for elevating the performance of energy-efficient tread tire.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135798304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The objective of this study is to explore the impact of a nanofiller, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), on the main physical, electrical, and thermal characteristics of unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin. To obtain a homogeneous dispersion, h-BN nanoparticles were surface-modified using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give S/h-BN nanoparticles. UPE-S/h-BN composites were prepared by using various ratios (1, 5, 10 wt%) of these modified nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis studies showed that the presence of S/h-BN nanoparticles boosted the thermal stability of the UPE resin. The electrical volume resistivity value increased from 1.3 × 1013 to 1.38 × 1014 Ω cm with the addition of 10 wt% S/h-BN. The contact angle results indicated that the hydrophobicity of UPE-S/h-BN composites increased and the value of 110° was obtained for UPE-S/h-BN10. The findings revealed that incorporating S/h-BN nanoparticles into UPE resin, in specific ratios, improved its properties and the resulting product has the potential to be used as an insulation varnish.
{"title":"Development of modified h-BN/UPE resin for insulation varnish applications","authors":"Kaan Aksoy","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0118","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this study is to explore the impact of a nanofiller, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), on the main physical, electrical, and thermal characteristics of unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin. To obtain a homogeneous dispersion, h-BN nanoparticles were surface-modified using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give S/h-BN nanoparticles. UPE-S/h-BN composites were prepared by using various ratios (1, 5, 10 wt%) of these modified nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis studies showed that the presence of S/h-BN nanoparticles boosted the thermal stability of the UPE resin. The electrical volume resistivity value increased from 1.3 × 1013 to 1.38 × 1014 Ω cm with the addition of 10 wt% S/h-BN. The contact angle results indicated that the hydrophobicity of UPE-S/h-BN composites increased and the value of 110° was obtained for UPE-S/h-BN10. The findings revealed that incorporating S/h-BN nanoparticles into UPE resin, in specific ratios, improved its properties and the resulting product has the potential to be used as an insulation varnish.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136372348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Multi-layer micro-capillary films (MCFs) have broad application prospects in the micro-fluid field. These films consist of two-dimensional arrays of hollow microcapillaries. The arrangements of hollow microcapillary arrays in extrusion die strongly influence the shape and size of multi-layer MCFs. However, most of the studies focus on a single-layer film. In this study, the models of multi-layer MCF extrusion die with hollow capillary arrays from one layer to four layers have been modeled. Numerical simulations show that when the hollow capillary arrays in different layers are aligned, the aspect ratio of the capillary is smaller and the flow resistance is small, so this kind of multi-layer MCF is suitable for micro-reactor and melt pump. When the hollow capillary arrays in different layers are non-aligned, the aspect ratio of the capillary is relatively larger and the specific surface is bigger, so this kind of multi-layer MCF has a high capability of heat exchange and is suitable for micro heat exchangers.
{"title":"Effect of capillary arrays on the profile of multi-layer micro-capillary films","authors":"Jianhua Xiao, Ru Yang, Shiqiang Song, Haibin Wang, Haiwei Wen","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Multi-layer micro-capillary films (MCFs) have broad application prospects in the micro-fluid field. These films consist of two-dimensional arrays of hollow microcapillaries. The arrangements of hollow microcapillary arrays in extrusion die strongly influence the shape and size of multi-layer MCFs. However, most of the studies focus on a single-layer film. In this study, the models of multi-layer MCF extrusion die with hollow capillary arrays from one layer to four layers have been modeled. Numerical simulations show that when the hollow capillary arrays in different layers are aligned, the aspect ratio of the capillary is smaller and the flow resistance is small, so this kind of multi-layer MCF is suitable for micro-reactor and melt pump. When the hollow capillary arrays in different layers are non-aligned, the aspect ratio of the capillary is relatively larger and the specific surface is bigger, so this kind of multi-layer MCF has a high capability of heat exchange and is suitable for micro heat exchangers.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136372647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alka Singh, Nakshatra Bahadur Singh, Kanu Priya, Richa Tomar, Mohammed Saeed Al-Qahtani, Mohammad Tarique Imam, Ziyad Saeed Almalki, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Krishna Kumar Yadav, Hyun-Kyung Park
Abstract Cancers are complicated sicknesses that happen because of many different things going wrong in cells, and as they get worse, the cells undergo many changes one after another. Nanomedicine is a new way to treat diseases like cancer. Tiny particles called nanoparticles have special properties that can help to treat diseases better than regular treatments. These particles are very small but have a lot of surface area, can carry different drugs, and can be designed to target specific areas. They can move around the body, go into cells, and release drugs slowly. Because of these benefits, nanoparticles could be better for cancer treatment. In this continuous research, we present a simple technique for the quick and single-step synthesis of ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposites, employing the polymer cellulose. This method is not only cost-effective but also environment friendly. Scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectrum were all used to examine the morphological, structural, and electrical properties of ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposites. The nanocomposite derived from UV-DRS exhibits an optical energy bandgap of 1.8 eV. The mechanical strength of the composites gradually increases as ZnFe 2 O 4 is added to the cellulose polymer matrix. These findings propose a straightforward and innovative approach to produce ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposites that can serve as functional biomaterials. In addition, the ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposite exhibits decreased antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid. ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposite was found to have an IC 50 of 49.64 g·mL −1 . With an IC 50 value of 55.91 g·mL −1 , the synthesized ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposites demonstrate significant cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner against the lung cancer cell lines A549. In conclusion, nanocomposites are potential materials for usage in biomedical applications due to their affordable production and mild magnetic sensitivity.
{"title":"Dose-dependent cytotoxicity against lung cancer cells via green synthesized ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/cellulose nanocomposites","authors":"Alka Singh, Nakshatra Bahadur Singh, Kanu Priya, Richa Tomar, Mohammed Saeed Al-Qahtani, Mohammad Tarique Imam, Ziyad Saeed Almalki, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Krishna Kumar Yadav, Hyun-Kyung Park","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0113","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cancers are complicated sicknesses that happen because of many different things going wrong in cells, and as they get worse, the cells undergo many changes one after another. Nanomedicine is a new way to treat diseases like cancer. Tiny particles called nanoparticles have special properties that can help to treat diseases better than regular treatments. These particles are very small but have a lot of surface area, can carry different drugs, and can be designed to target specific areas. They can move around the body, go into cells, and release drugs slowly. Because of these benefits, nanoparticles could be better for cancer treatment. In this continuous research, we present a simple technique for the quick and single-step synthesis of ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposites, employing the polymer cellulose. This method is not only cost-effective but also environment friendly. Scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectrum were all used to examine the morphological, structural, and electrical properties of ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposites. The nanocomposite derived from UV-DRS exhibits an optical energy bandgap of 1.8 eV. The mechanical strength of the composites gradually increases as ZnFe 2 O 4 is added to the cellulose polymer matrix. These findings propose a straightforward and innovative approach to produce ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposites that can serve as functional biomaterials. In addition, the ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposite exhibits decreased antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid. ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposite was found to have an IC 50 of 49.64 g·mL −1 . With an IC 50 value of 55.91 g·mL −1 , the synthesized ZnFe 2 O 4 /cellulose nanocomposites demonstrate significant cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner against the lung cancer cell lines A549. In conclusion, nanocomposites are potential materials for usage in biomedical applications due to their affordable production and mild magnetic sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135560687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The method of set pair analysis was used to evaluate the comprehensive performance of geopolymer mortar (GM) based on metakaolin and fly ash modified by nano-SiO2 (NS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, and the design of mix proportion for GM was optimized. According to the experimental results, the addition of the NS and PVA fiber can improve the comprehensive properties of GM. The properties of GM are better when the NS content is 1.5% and PVA fiber content is 0.6%. The comprehensive performance of GM included workability, mechanical properties, fracture properties, and durability, and the typical performance parameters were selected as slump flow, compressive strength, bending strength, fracture energy, loss ratio of compressive strength after cycles of freezing-thawing, and electric flux values. The results show that the weights of each indicator derived from the method of set pair analysis have reduced subjective arbitrariness, improved the evaluation accuracy, and made the conclusions obtained from the set pair analysis method more scientific and reasonable. The method of set pair analysis combines the mechanical properties, durability, and workability of GM blending in PVA fiber and NS to achieve a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative evaluation, which can provide a new method for assessing the comprehensive performance of the GM composites blending in PVA fiber and NS in the future.
{"title":"Performance optimization of geopolymer mortar blending in nano-SiO2 and PVA fiber based on set pair analysis","authors":"P. Zhang, Xuemei Zhang, Peng Yuan, Shaowei Hu","doi":"10.1515/epoly-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The method of set pair analysis was used to evaluate the comprehensive performance of geopolymer mortar (GM) based on metakaolin and fly ash modified by nano-SiO2 (NS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, and the design of mix proportion for GM was optimized. According to the experimental results, the addition of the NS and PVA fiber can improve the comprehensive properties of GM. The properties of GM are better when the NS content is 1.5% and PVA fiber content is 0.6%. The comprehensive performance of GM included workability, mechanical properties, fracture properties, and durability, and the typical performance parameters were selected as slump flow, compressive strength, bending strength, fracture energy, loss ratio of compressive strength after cycles of freezing-thawing, and electric flux values. The results show that the weights of each indicator derived from the method of set pair analysis have reduced subjective arbitrariness, improved the evaluation accuracy, and made the conclusions obtained from the set pair analysis method more scientific and reasonable. The method of set pair analysis combines the mechanical properties, durability, and workability of GM blending in PVA fiber and NS to achieve a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative evaluation, which can provide a new method for assessing the comprehensive performance of the GM composites blending in PVA fiber and NS in the future.","PeriodicalId":11806,"journal":{"name":"e-Polymers","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48656657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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