Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1177/23998083241263153
Cherifa Ben Farhat, Nicola Pontarollo
In our contribution, by using data from European Social Survey, we show that the percentage of happy people in European countries has increased over the last two decades, and that Eastern European countries are catching up. However, considerable differences between nations remain.
{"title":"Evaluating happiness trends across Europe: A comparative study","authors":"Cherifa Ben Farhat, Nicola Pontarollo","doi":"10.1177/23998083241263153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241263153","url":null,"abstract":"In our contribution, by using data from European Social Survey, we show that the percentage of happy people in European countries has increased over the last two decades, and that Eastern European countries are catching up. However, considerable differences between nations remain.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.1177/23998083241265735
Kanta Sayuda, Hiroyuki Usui, Yasushi Asami, Kimihiro Hino
In Japan, shrinking densely built-up cities face the dual issue of lacking open spaces and increasing underutilized lands, such as vacant lots, lots with vacant houses, and parking lots. These unused land patches can be temporarily repurposed as open spaces for evacuation and recreation. However, identifying such clump is methodologically challenging. To address this issue, lot geometry is utilized. The study thus aims to investigate the frequency and size of contiguous underutilized lands, called the contiguity of underutilized lands, at a specific time point and under their temporary uses. A densely built-up area in Kobe city, Japan, was selected for the empirical case study. A comparison with simulation results shows that the observed static contiguity of underutilized lands tends to be more substantial than a uniformly random distribution. It shows a certain feasibility of a temporary use policy conducted in the case site. Specifically, when considering the temporary uses of underutilized lands, the maximum area of contiguous temporary open spaces is 583 m2, meeting the area requirement for a redevelopment project in Kobe. Utilizing parking lots can further extend the maximum area up to 945 m2. Nevertheless, policy makers need to promote the joint development of privately owned lots facing a wide roadway, as these are unlikely to become temporary open spaces. This study contributes not only to providing new methods for land use change simulation using lot geometry to analyse the contiguity of underutilized lands under their temporariness but also to demonstrating the feasibility and limitations of a temporary use policy.
{"title":"Contiguity of underutilized lands: Dynamic simulation taking their temporary uses into account","authors":"Kanta Sayuda, Hiroyuki Usui, Yasushi Asami, Kimihiro Hino","doi":"10.1177/23998083241265735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241265735","url":null,"abstract":"In Japan, shrinking densely built-up cities face the dual issue of lacking open spaces and increasing underutilized lands, such as vacant lots, lots with vacant houses, and parking lots. These unused land patches can be temporarily repurposed as open spaces for evacuation and recreation. However, identifying such clump is methodologically challenging. To address this issue, lot geometry is utilized. The study thus aims to investigate the frequency and size of contiguous underutilized lands, called the contiguity of underutilized lands, at a specific time point and under their temporary uses. A densely built-up area in Kobe city, Japan, was selected for the empirical case study. A comparison with simulation results shows that the observed static contiguity of underutilized lands tends to be more substantial than a uniformly random distribution. It shows a certain feasibility of a temporary use policy conducted in the case site. Specifically, when considering the temporary uses of underutilized lands, the maximum area of contiguous temporary open spaces is 583 m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>, meeting the area requirement for a redevelopment project in Kobe. Utilizing parking lots can further extend the maximum area up to 945 m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>. Nevertheless, policy makers need to promote the joint development of privately owned lots facing a wide roadway, as these are unlikely to become temporary open spaces. This study contributes not only to providing new methods for land use change simulation using lot geometry to analyse the contiguity of underutilized lands under their temporariness but also to demonstrating the feasibility and limitations of a temporary use policy.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.1177/23998083241264321
Francisco J Bahamonde-Birke, Niek Mouter
Participatory value evaluation (PVE) is a novel method aiming at the evaluation of projects from a societal perspective. It aims at establishing which investment projects or investment portfolios (with a portfolio containing multiple investment projects) are likely to be favored by the population, given a limited budget. The approach emulates the decision-making problem faced by policy-makers. The ultimate end of PVE is to evaluate and establish how individuals value attributes of public projects in order to construct social trade-offs between different attributes and investments projects. However, it is important to consider that when investment portfolios consist of more than one investment project, significant synergies (positive and negative) may exist among the projects. This paper proposes a new evaluation framework that allows addressing synergies among projects in the context of PVE, while also offering a highly flexible structure. The approach is tested making use of one synthetic and two real datasets. Results show that neglecting synergies among the utilities of the projects included in the chosen portfolio majorly reduces the model fit and biases the estimators.
{"title":"About positive and negative synergies of social projects: Treating correlation in participatory value evaluation","authors":"Francisco J Bahamonde-Birke, Niek Mouter","doi":"10.1177/23998083241264321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241264321","url":null,"abstract":"Participatory value evaluation (PVE) is a novel method aiming at the evaluation of projects from a societal perspective. It aims at establishing which investment projects or investment portfolios (with a portfolio containing multiple investment projects) are likely to be favored by the population, given a limited budget. The approach emulates the decision-making problem faced by policy-makers. The ultimate end of PVE is to evaluate and establish how individuals value attributes of public projects in order to construct social trade-offs between different attributes and investments projects. However, it is important to consider that when investment portfolios consist of more than one investment project, significant synergies (positive and negative) may exist among the projects. This paper proposes a new evaluation framework that allows addressing synergies among projects in the context of PVE, while also offering a highly flexible structure. The approach is tested making use of one synthetic and two real datasets. Results show that neglecting synergies among the utilities of the projects included in the chosen portfolio majorly reduces the model fit and biases the estimators.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.1177/23998083241264051
Ate Poorthuis, Qingqing Chen, Matthew Zook
In this article, we present a historical dataset of activity spaces, originally based on publicly posted and geotagged social media sent within the United States from 2012 to 2019. The dataset, which contains approximately 2 million users and 1.2 billion data points, is de-identified and spatially aggregated to enable ethical and broad sharing across the research community. By publishing the dataset, we hope to help researchers to quickly access and filter data to study people’s activity spaces across a range of places. In this article, we first describe the construction and characteristics of this dataset and then highlight certain limitations of the data through an illustrative analysis of potential bias—an important consideration when using data not collected through representative sampling. Our goal is to empower researchers to create novel, insightful research projects of their own design based on this dataset.
{"title":"A nationwide dataset of de-identified activity spaces derived from geotagged social media data","authors":"Ate Poorthuis, Qingqing Chen, Matthew Zook","doi":"10.1177/23998083241264051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241264051","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present a historical dataset of activity spaces, originally based on publicly posted and geotagged social media sent within the United States from 2012 to 2019. The dataset, which contains approximately 2 million users and 1.2 billion data points, is de-identified and spatially aggregated to enable ethical and broad sharing across the research community. By publishing the dataset, we hope to help researchers to quickly access and filter data to study people’s activity spaces across a range of places. In this article, we first describe the construction and characteristics of this dataset and then highlight certain limitations of the data through an illustrative analysis of potential bias—an important consideration when using data not collected through representative sampling. Our goal is to empower researchers to create novel, insightful research projects of their own design based on this dataset.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-22DOI: 10.1177/23998083241264075
Quan Gao, Nan Wei, Qian Zhang, Siyu Zhou, Jing Xie
The academic mobility of Nobel laureates (NLs) epitomises not only the inter-urban knowledge flows and networks but also the spatial evolution of the world’s scientific hubs. Yet the understanding of the mobility and patterns of Nobel laureates’ scholarly migration remains limited. To address this gap, we elucidate the trajectories of academic mobility for 734 Nobel laureates and how their migratory patterns change in different geopolitical eras by establishing a life-course database encompassing NLs in science and economics from 1901 to 2023. First, the migratory patterns of NLs have evolved from multi-cored diversification in Phase A (–1945) to polarisation in Phase B (1946–1991) and to re-diversification in Phase C (1992–2023). Second, the academic mobility of NLs, and especially their international mobility, has significantly declined over the past century, which contrasts with other observations that scientists tend to be more mobile as globalisation advances.
诺贝尔奖获得者（NLs）的学术流动不仅是城市间知识流动和网络的缩影，也是世界科学中心空间演变的缩影。然而，人们对诺贝尔奖获得者的流动性和学术迁移模式的了解仍然有限。为了弥补这一空白，我们通过建立一个涵盖1901年至2023年科学和经济领域诺贝尔奖获得者的生命历程数据库，阐明了734位诺贝尔奖获得者的学术流动轨迹，以及他们的迁移模式在不同地缘政治时代的变化。首先，诺贝尔奖得主的迁移模式从 A 阶段（-1945 年）的多角化到 B 阶段（1946-1991 年）的两极化，再到 C 阶段（1992-2023 年）的再多元化。其次，在过去的一个世纪里，北大西洋公约组织成员的学术流动性，尤其是他们的国际流动性显著下降，这与随着全球化的发展科学家的流动性趋于增强的其他观察结果形成鲜明对比。
{"title":"Visualising the academic mobility of Nobel laureates","authors":"Quan Gao, Nan Wei, Qian Zhang, Siyu Zhou, Jing Xie","doi":"10.1177/23998083241264075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241264075","url":null,"abstract":"The academic mobility of Nobel laureates (NLs) epitomises not only the inter-urban knowledge flows and networks but also the spatial evolution of the world’s scientific hubs. Yet the understanding of the mobility and patterns of Nobel laureates’ scholarly migration remains limited. To address this gap, we elucidate the trajectories of academic mobility for 734 Nobel laureates and how their migratory patterns change in different geopolitical eras by establishing a life-course database encompassing NLs in science and economics from 1901 to 2023. First, the migratory patterns of NLs have evolved from multi-cored diversification in Phase A (–1945) to polarisation in Phase B (1946–1991) and to re-diversification in Phase C (1992–2023). Second, the academic mobility of NLs, and especially their international mobility, has significantly declined over the past century, which contrasts with other observations that scientists tend to be more mobile as globalisation advances.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-21DOI: 10.1177/23998083241262553
Susan A Phillips, Michael C McCarthy
Warehouse CITY is an open data product used to visualize and quantify the cumulative impact of warehouses within Southern California. Community groups, researchers, planners, and local agencies apply this open data product in project approval processes, research, lawsuits, and education. Warehouse CITY estimates the cumulative impacts of warehouse counts, acreage, building footprint, heavy-duty truck trips, diesel particulate matter emissions, oxides of nitrogen emissions, carbon dioxide emissions, and jobs. The Warehouse CITY open data product and dashboard is available as a website and at a GitHub repository.
Warehouse CITY 是一个开放数据产品，用于可视化和量化南加州仓库的累积影响。社区团体、研究人员、规划人员和地方机构可在项目审批流程、研究、诉讼和教育中应用该开放数据产品。Warehouse CITY 估算了仓库数量、占地面积、建筑占地面积、重型卡车出行次数、柴油颗粒物排放量、氮氧化物排放量、二氧化碳排放量和工作岗位的累积影响。Warehouse CITY 开放数据产品和仪表板可通过网站和 GitHub 存储库获取。
{"title":"Warehouse CITY – An open data product for evaluating warehouse land-use in Southern California","authors":"Susan A Phillips, Michael C McCarthy","doi":"10.1177/23998083241262553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241262553","url":null,"abstract":"Warehouse CITY is an open data product used to visualize and quantify the cumulative impact of warehouses within Southern California. Community groups, researchers, planners, and local agencies apply this open data product in project approval processes, research, lawsuits, and education. Warehouse CITY estimates the cumulative impacts of warehouse counts, acreage, building footprint, heavy-duty truck trips, diesel particulate matter emissions, oxides of nitrogen emissions, carbon dioxide emissions, and jobs. The Warehouse CITY open data product and dashboard is available as a website and at a GitHub repository.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-21DOI: 10.1177/23998083241260757
Patrizia Sulis, Paola Proietti
The scarcity or lack of access to essential services at the local and neighbourhood levels in cities can result in significant spatial inequalities, as some areas and their residents can deal with disadvantages and a lower quality of daily life. In particular, the spatial distribution and the variety of amenities at the local scale represent an important feature of the liveliness of places. The local availability and access to essential services are particularly relevant for some demographic groups experiencing limited mobility or mobility poverty, such as older adults living in cities, and spatial disparities have been further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which highlighted severe difficulties in accessing essential services. This work explores the issue focussing on the following question: who can access what depending on where they live in cities? Using Machine Learning and Spatial Autocorrelation applied to different data sources for spatial information on the location of urban amenities and Internet access, this work aims to identify the most underserved places in terms of the variety of available amenities and access to quality broadband in three European capital cities. A comparison to urban areas where high percentages of older adults reside makes it possible to identify where residents can locally access several essential services (green spaces, health care, and local shopping) and where this need cannot be satisfied because of a lack in the amenity variety available at walking distance to their home. The combination of underserved areas with a high concentration of senior residents identifies left-behind areas in these cities, where interventions on inequalities are most needed. Results can inform policies aiming at favouring fair access to services at the local scale, possibly including slow and active mobility modes, and in general to develop comprehensive and sustainable planning strategies for cities, leaving no place and no person behind.
{"title":"Who can access what? Uncovering urban inequality in access to service for senior citizens","authors":"Patrizia Sulis, Paola Proietti","doi":"10.1177/23998083241260757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241260757","url":null,"abstract":"The scarcity or lack of access to essential services at the local and neighbourhood levels in cities can result in significant spatial inequalities, as some areas and their residents can deal with disadvantages and a lower quality of daily life. In particular, the spatial distribution and the variety of amenities at the local scale represent an important feature of the liveliness of places. The local availability and access to essential services are particularly relevant for some demographic groups experiencing limited mobility or mobility poverty, such as older adults living in cities, and spatial disparities have been further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which highlighted severe difficulties in accessing essential services. This work explores the issue focussing on the following question: who can access what depending on where they live in cities? Using Machine Learning and Spatial Autocorrelation applied to different data sources for spatial information on the location of urban amenities and Internet access, this work aims to identify the most underserved places in terms of the variety of available amenities and access to quality broadband in three European capital cities. A comparison to urban areas where high percentages of older adults reside makes it possible to identify where residents can locally access several essential services (green spaces, health care, and local shopping) and where this need cannot be satisfied because of a lack in the amenity variety available at walking distance to their home. The combination of underserved areas with a high concentration of senior residents identifies left-behind areas in these cities, where interventions on inequalities are most needed. Results can inform policies aiming at favouring fair access to services at the local scale, possibly including slow and active mobility modes, and in general to develop comprehensive and sustainable planning strategies for cities, leaving no place and no person behind.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-21DOI: 10.1177/23998083241261762
Richard Burke, Raja Sengupta, Alistair Ford
The use of land parcel data, 3D visualisation and urban theories offers a significant opportunity for advancing simulations of urban densification. This paper presents a 3D agent-based model (ABM) to explore future urban densification dynamics in Toronto based on stakeholder behaviour and interactions, the impact of zoning regulations, and profit expectations. The ABM establishes residents, developers, landowners, and the local zoning authority as primary actors involved in urban densification. This model replicates the Toronto urban development process through a structured framework of submodels which represent different stages of this process, based on the literature and gentrification theories. Three different scenarios are developed which show the city is projected to experience between 46 and 98 new developments by the year 2040. Average building height could increase by 17% to 56%, and the city could have 10,238 to 25,070 new units to meet future population demand. These simulations characterise Toronto’s future capacity for urban densification, realise the levels of densification required to meet Toronto’s growing population, and ultimately provide a more comprehensive understanding of the city’s future transformation.
{"title":"A 3D agent-based model for simulating urban densification in Toronto, Canada","authors":"Richard Burke, Raja Sengupta, Alistair Ford","doi":"10.1177/23998083241261762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241261762","url":null,"abstract":"The use of land parcel data, 3D visualisation and urban theories offers a significant opportunity for advancing simulations of urban densification. This paper presents a 3D agent-based model (ABM) to explore future urban densification dynamics in Toronto based on stakeholder behaviour and interactions, the impact of zoning regulations, and profit expectations. The ABM establishes residents, developers, landowners, and the local zoning authority as primary actors involved in urban densification. This model replicates the Toronto urban development process through a structured framework of submodels which represent different stages of this process, based on the literature and gentrification theories. Three different scenarios are developed which show the city is projected to experience between 46 and 98 new developments by the year 2040. Average building height could increase by 17% to 56%, and the city could have 10,238 to 25,070 new units to meet future population demand. These simulations characterise Toronto’s future capacity for urban densification, realise the levels of densification required to meet Toronto’s growing population, and ultimately provide a more comprehensive understanding of the city’s future transformation.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-20DOI: 10.1177/23998083241263385
Yiming Tan, Zifeng Chen
Socio-spatial segregation of immigrants or other ethno-racial groups in Western cities has been extensively investigated. In the recent decades, China has also witnessed a substantial growth of international immigrants. In the city of Guangzhou, one of the most famous destinations in China for transnational migration, the spatial presence of international migrants has received scholarly attention, mostly focusing on single racial groups. In this study, we present two cartograms using cellphone data to visualize the spatial distributions of multiple groups of international migrants, namely, the African migrants, the European and North American migrants, and the Japanese and Korean migrants, in Guangzhou. The cartograms indicate that the spatial distributions of migrants from Africa and those from the European, North American, and East Asian countries are considerably divided in Guangzhou, suggesting a possible ethno-racial segregation among the international migrants in this Chinese city. Such an issue is largely under-researched in the existing literature.
{"title":"Division by countries of origin? Visualizing the spatial distributions of international migrants in Guangzhou, China","authors":"Yiming Tan, Zifeng Chen","doi":"10.1177/23998083241263385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241263385","url":null,"abstract":"Socio-spatial segregation of immigrants or other ethno-racial groups in Western cities has been extensively investigated. In the recent decades, China has also witnessed a substantial growth of international immigrants. In the city of Guangzhou, one of the most famous destinations in China for transnational migration, the spatial presence of international migrants has received scholarly attention, mostly focusing on single racial groups. In this study, we present two cartograms using cellphone data to visualize the spatial distributions of multiple groups of international migrants, namely, the African migrants, the European and North American migrants, and the Japanese and Korean migrants, in Guangzhou. The cartograms indicate that the spatial distributions of migrants from Africa and those from the European, North American, and East Asian countries are considerably divided in Guangzhou, suggesting a possible ethno-racial segregation among the international migrants in this Chinese city. Such an issue is largely under-researched in the existing literature.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141520706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urban renewal in high-density cities presents a complex challenge when it comes to balancing social-environmental performance and economic benefits; improvements to the built environment and social wellbeing may be associated with substantial costs and economic loss, and particularly so where land resources are scarce and highly valued. The interplay that takes place between sustainable targets tends to be very complicated. This study proposes a decision-making support framework that can quantify the synergies and trade-offs between economic, environmental, and social targets pertaining to land use change and public open space (OS) provision in urban renewal processes. The proposed decision-making support framework operates at both neighbourhood and building levels, and is comprised of three analytical components: a redevelopment trend analysis module, a three-dimensional land use simulation module, and a sustainable performance evaluation module. One high-density and ageing district in Hong Kong, Yau Mong district, was selected as the case study area for this work. Six planning scenarios were built which reflect various priorities and principles including economic benefits, environmental benefits, the equal distribution of OS provision and enhancing the quality of OS. The findings suggest that there is a trade-off relationship between economic-environmental targets, a synergic relationship between social-environmental targets, and a mediational relationship between economic-social targets. Planning strategies such as rezoning, land use reconfigurations, plot ratio adjustment and the transfer of development rights could be triangulated as strategic approaches by which to maximising the synergies and achieve better sustainability. The study not only contributes to theory by introducing a prototype of a comprehensive decision-making framework to evaluate sustainability performance, but also provides important insights into reconciling the divergent sustainable targets inherent in urban renewal.
{"title":"Synergies and trade-offs in achieving sustainable targets of urban renewal: A decision-making support framework","authors":"Anqi Wang, Wei Zheng, Zheng Tan, Mingqing Han, Edwin HW Chan","doi":"10.1177/23998083241261750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241261750","url":null,"abstract":"Urban renewal in high-density cities presents a complex challenge when it comes to balancing social-environmental performance and economic benefits; improvements to the built environment and social wellbeing may be associated with substantial costs and economic loss, and particularly so where land resources are scarce and highly valued. The interplay that takes place between sustainable targets tends to be very complicated. This study proposes a decision-making support framework that can quantify the synergies and trade-offs between economic, environmental, and social targets pertaining to land use change and public open space (OS) provision in urban renewal processes. The proposed decision-making support framework operates at both neighbourhood and building levels, and is comprised of three analytical components: a redevelopment trend analysis module, a three-dimensional land use simulation module, and a sustainable performance evaluation module. One high-density and ageing district in Hong Kong, Yau Mong district, was selected as the case study area for this work. Six planning scenarios were built which reflect various priorities and principles including economic benefits, environmental benefits, the equal distribution of OS provision and enhancing the quality of OS. The findings suggest that there is a trade-off relationship between economic-environmental targets, a synergic relationship between social-environmental targets, and a mediational relationship between economic-social targets. Planning strategies such as rezoning, land use reconfigurations, plot ratio adjustment and the transfer of development rights could be triangulated as strategic approaches by which to maximising the synergies and achieve better sustainability. The study not only contributes to theory by introducing a prototype of a comprehensive decision-making framework to evaluate sustainability performance, but also provides important insights into reconciling the divergent sustainable targets inherent in urban renewal.","PeriodicalId":11863,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141520707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：