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2016 International Conference on Microelectronics, Computing and Communications (MicroCom)最新文献

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Generalized average detection probability of centralized cooperative-MIMO cognitive radio network over β — μ faded reporting channel β - μ衰落报告信道上集中式协同- mimo认知无线网络的广义平均检测概率
S. Yadav, S. Hariharan, P. Muthuchidambaranathan
In this paper a generalized closed form expression for the average detection probability of an energy detector is derived in terms of computable Meijer G-function. Where the reporting channel in the centralized cooperative spectrum sensing is experiencing a n - μ fading. The reporting network is modeled as secondary users and fusion center equipped with multiple antenna for reporting. The fusion center combines the received data using maximal ratio combining and performs energy detection to make decision. The arrived generalized low complex expression offers the different fading conditions of reporting channel. Also, it is generalized for multiple antenna scenario. The arrived expression is validated by analytical results over different n - μ values with various multiple antenna scenario.
本文用可计算的Meijer g函数导出了能量探测器平均探测概率的广义封闭表达式。在集中式协同频谱感知中,报告信道经历n μ衰落。报告网络建模为二级用户,融合中心配备多天线进行报告。融合中心采用最大比值组合对接收到的数据进行组合,并进行能量检测进行决策。得到的广义低复杂度表达式提供了不同的报告信道衰落条件。并对多天线场景进行了推广。在不同的n μ值和不同的多天线场景下,对所得表达式进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
Discrete wavelet transform based video watermarking technique 基于离散小波变换的视频水印技术
S. Kadu, Ch. Naveen, V. Satpute, A. Keskar
In this paper, an effective algorithm for providing copyright protection is proposed by using a new embedding strategy for Discrete Wavelet Transform-based video watermarking. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is applied on the video, to convert the spatial data into frequency domain, having low pass and high pass components. The low frequency component is used for generating the key, by using the watermark image and the binarized Low frequency part (LL) of the video frame. Same procedure is applied on each frame to generate the key for corresponding frame. This generated key should be used at receiver for extracting the watermark which provides copyright protection. Blind watermarking technique is used in this paper which require only key to extract the embedded watermark. The original video is not required during extraction. To criticize the robustness of algorithm, the original watermark image is compared with extracted watermark image after several attacks and their Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Normalized Correlation Coefficient (NC) and Structural Similarity index (SSIM) are calculated. The experimental results demonstrate that the watermark is invisible and it is robust against the various attacks and addition of noise to the video.
本文提出了一种新的基于离散小波变换的视频水印嵌入策略,为视频水印提供有效的版权保护。对视频进行离散小波变换(DWT),将空间数据转换为具有低通和高通分量的频域数据。低频分量利用水印图像和视频帧的二值化后的低频部分生成密钥。在每个帧上应用相同的过程来生成相应帧的密钥。生成的密钥在接收端用于提取水印,从而提供版权保护。本文采用了只需要密钥就可以提取嵌入水印的盲水印技术。提取过程中不需要原始视频。为了检验算法的鲁棒性,将原始水印图像与经过多次攻击后提取的水印图像进行比较,计算其峰值信噪比(PSNR)、归一化相关系数(NC)和结构相似度指数(SSIM)。实验结果表明,该水印具有不可见性,对视频中的各种攻击和噪声具有较强的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 17
Establishment of underwater wireless acoustic MODEM using C-OFDM 基于C-OFDM的水下无线声学调制解调器的建立
Cheepurupalli Ch. Naidu, E. Stalin
Establishing an underwater wireless acoustic communication link for practical applications is still a difficult task because of the severe channel conditions. Doppler and range spread are extremely high for under water channels (UWC) compared to ordinary radio channels. Moreover, the ever varying nature of the UWC increases the uncertainty in predicting the worst case values of doppler spread and range spread. In recent years, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has emerged as the single solution to most of the problems in wireless communication systems. OFDM has dominated over single carrier modulation techniques mainly because of the simple, robust and low complexity receiver design with high data rate and high band width efficiency. But, it is only very recently that people have started exploring the usage of OFDM for UWC. In this paper, the design, modeling and testing of coded OFDM based underwater acoustic communication system for high data rate applications is explained.
由于信道条件恶劣,建立实际应用的水下无线水声通信链路仍然是一项艰巨的任务。与普通无线电信道相比,水下信道(UWC)的多普勒和距离扩展非常高。此外,UWC不断变化的性质增加了预测多普勒扩频和距离扩频最坏情况值的不确定性。近年来,正交频分复用技术(OFDM)已成为解决无线通信系统中大多数问题的唯一解决方案。OFDM在单载波调制技术中占据主导地位,主要是因为它具有简单、鲁棒和低复杂度的接收机设计,具有高数据速率和高带宽效率。但是,直到最近人们才开始探索在UWC中使用OFDM。本文阐述了基于编码OFDM的高数据速率水声通信系统的设计、建模和测试。
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引用次数: 2
Coils to β-sheets transitions and simulated structural interactions in human SOX4 and syntenin protein: An in silico insight into the cytological regulation: Computational approach for determination of the cell fate in humans 在人类SOX4和syntenin蛋白中,线圈到β-薄片的转变和模拟结构相互作用:对细胞学调节的计算机洞察:确定人类细胞命运的计算方法
A. Banerjee, Sujay Ray
SOX4; a crucial human protein acts as a transcriptional regulator for accurately determining the cytological regulations in human beginning from the embryonic development. It thus is aided by its only binding protein partner; human syntenin who binds to the C-terminal domain of SOX4 protein. Wet laboratory documentation well documents the interaction of proteins on this regard but the residual level analysis via optimization and simulation operation remains yet undisclosed. So, for the purpose, the essential responsible domain sequence of SOX4 protein was extracted thus the protein was modeled via the satisfaction of its several stereo-chemical properties. The human syntenin protein structure was there-after extracted from its experimentally validated crystal structure. Docking simulations of the two proteins further formed the essential protein complex, which then underwent necessary optimization and molecular dynamics simulation. Residual involvement from the pre optimized and post simulated protein-protein complex was evaluated and compared individually, with a focus on the pattern of binding. The doubling up of the predominant ionic interactions and side chain-side chain interactions poses the final simulated complex to be greatly interactive one. Mainly, polar positively charged; His14 from syntenin and Ser8 from the C-terminal protein domain of SOX4 protein aided in the stronger interactions, with His14 forming three predominant interactions solely. Furthermore, Asp10 from syntenin and Glu11 from SOX4 C-terminal domain also remained for increasing the strength of the duo protein complex. Statistically significant evaluations from free energy of folding, net area available for solvent accessibility along-with the conformational shifts from coils to β-sheets in the protein complex additionally affirms the simulated complex structure to increase its stability and conformational strength post optimization and simulation. Therefore, this current molecular level optimized exploration provides a novel scope to scrutinize the residual interactive pattern and the most stable interactive protein structure dependable for the proper cytological regulation in humans. For the upcoming research, it thereby instigates the clinical and biomedical field for cell fate determinations and neurogeny.
SOX4;一种至关重要的人类蛋白作为转录调控因子,准确地决定了人类从胚胎发育开始的细胞学调控。因此,它是由它唯一的结合蛋白伙伴辅助的;结合SOX4蛋白c端结构域的人syntenin。湿实验室文件很好地记录了蛋白质在这方面的相互作用,但通过优化和模拟操作进行的残留水平分析仍未公开。为此,我们提取了SOX4蛋白的基本责任结构域序列,并通过满足其几种立体化学性质对其进行建模。从经实验验证的晶体结构中提取了人syntenin蛋白结构。两种蛋白的对接模拟进一步形成必需的蛋白复合物,然后进行必要的优化和分子动力学模拟。预先优化和模拟后的蛋白质-蛋白质复合物的剩余参与分别进行了评估和比较,重点是结合模式。主要离子相互作用和侧链-侧链相互作用的双重作用使最终模拟的配合物具有很强的相互作用。主要是极性带正电;来自syntenin的His14和来自SOX4蛋白c端蛋白域的Ser8参与了更强的相互作用,其中His14单独形成了三个主要的相互作用。此外,来自syntenin的Asp10和来自SOX4 c端结构域的Glu11也被保留,以增加duo蛋白复合物的强度。从折叠自由能、可接近溶剂的净面积以及蛋白质复合体中从线圈到β-片的构象转变等方面进行的统计显著性评估,进一步证实了模拟的复合体结构在优化和模拟后增加了其稳定性和构象强度。因此,目前的分子水平优化探索提供了一个新的范围,以仔细检查剩余的相互作用模式和最稳定的相互作用蛋白结构,可靠的适当的细胞学调节在人类。对于即将到来的研究,它因此激发了临床和生物医学领域的细胞命运决定和神经发生。
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引用次数: 0
A new heterogeneous droplet routing technique and its simulator to improve route performance in digital microfluidic biochips 一种新的异质液滴布线技术及其模拟器,以提高数字微流控生物芯片的布线性能
Rupam Bhattacharya, H. Rahaman, P. Roy
Digital Micro fluidic based Biochips (DMFBs) in current years have provided an efficient alternative platform in the field of bio-chemical analysis, particularly for inexpensive, convenient, and not reusable devices mainly designed for medical diagnostic applications. For a major class of DMFBs droplet actuation is depend on the rule of electrowetting-on-dielectric, where separate droplets of nano liter volume can be manipulated using 2D array of electrodes. Most important design automation issues in DMFBs is the concurrent routing of droplets inside a 2D array. The reason of droplet steering is needed to plan the movement of a number of droplets in a time synchronized mode within a 2D array while minimizing resource consumption and within optimum latest arrival time. The droplets may be classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous. In case of heterogeneous droplet routing, major issue is the avoidance of cross contamination where as for homogeneous droplet routing sharing of electrodes among different route paths for minimum resource utilization remains the main focus. In our paper, we put forward an algorithm for routing of heterogeneous droplet inDMFBs. We further developed a routing simulator that graphically displays detailed route performance for heterogeneous droplets within a predefined DMFB layout. We have used benchmark suite I and III to analysis our algorithm.
近年来,基于数字微流体的生物芯片(dmfb)在生化分析领域提供了一个有效的替代平台,特别是廉价、方便、不可重复使用的设备,主要用于医疗诊断应用。对于dmfb的主要类别,液滴的驱动依赖于电介质上的电润湿规则,其中纳米升体积的分离液滴可以使用二维电极阵列来操纵。dmfb中最重要的设计自动化问题是二维阵列内液滴的并发路径。液滴转向的原因是需要在一个二维阵列内以时间同步模式规划许多液滴的运动,同时最小化资源消耗并在最佳的最新到达时间内。液滴可分为均匀型和非均匀型。对于非均匀液滴路径,主要问题是避免交叉污染,而均匀液滴路径在不同路径之间共享电极以实现最小的资源利用率仍然是重点。本文提出了一种异构液滴indmfb路由算法。我们进一步开发了一个路由模拟器,可以在预定义的DMFB布局中以图形方式显示异构液滴的详细路由性能。我们使用基准套件I和III来分析我们的算法。
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引用次数: 7
Dual tracking efficiency improvement method for photovoltaic systems 光伏系统双跟踪效率改进方法
A. Kak, M. Srinivasan, Ashwin Shirsat, J. Chandle
Solar energy has gained momentum in the past few years with the current focus being on developing solar cells and panels that can be used on a large scale. A large part of the challenge lies in maintaining acceptable levels of efficiency while increasing scale. In this paper, we present a dual tracking methodology to increase the efficiency of existing photovoltaic systems. Our model employs a solar tracking scheme coupled with maximum power point tracking to achieve better efficiency. Solar tracking is used to ensure that the maximum permissible sunlight falls on the panel at any given point in time, while maximum power point tracking ensures load matching. The results are based on simulations performed in MATLAB.
太阳能在过去几年中获得了发展势头,目前的重点是开发可大规模使用的太阳能电池和电池板。很大一部分挑战在于在扩大规模的同时保持可接受的效率水平。在本文中,我们提出了一种双跟踪方法来提高现有光伏系统的效率。我们的模型采用太阳能跟踪方案与最大功率点跟踪相结合,以达到更好的效率。太阳能跟踪用于确保在任何给定时间点上最大允许的阳光照射在面板上,而最大功率点跟踪确保负载匹配。结果基于MATLAB仿真。
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引用次数: 0
Design of very low power time — domain analog — to — digital converter 超低功耗时域模数转换器的设计
Chandrima Choudhury, S. Majhi, A. K. Mal
In this work design of a highly digital intensive Analog-to-Digital Converter is proposed using UMC 180 nm CMOS process technology with 1.8 V power supply. The ADC gives 5-bit resolution for a sampling frequency of 16.11 MHz while occupying 0.012 mm2 area. Average power consumption is only 1.43 mW. The design is implemented using a single-phase VCO based quantizer. The VCO has a clock-to-clock jitter of 769 fs and the frequency counter, that has been used as quantizer, is compatible with frequencies in the GHz range.
本文提出了一种采用UMC 180 nm CMOS工艺、1.8 V电源的高数字密集型模数转换器的设计方案。该ADC提供5位分辨率,采样频率为16.11 MHz,占用0.012 mm2面积。平均功耗仅为1.43兆瓦。该设计采用基于单相压控振荡器的量化器实现。VCO的时钟间抖动为769 fs,频率计数器用作量化器,与GHz范围内的频率兼容。
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引用次数: 0
Self-powered rapid binary UV photoswitching with n-ZnO NW/p-Si photodiode n-ZnO NW/p-Si光电二极管自供电快速二元紫外光开关
Avishek Das, R. Saha, A. Karmakar, S. Chattopadhyay, M. Palit, H. Dutta
Vertically oriented, high quality n-type ZnO nanowire/p-Si heterojunction photodiode is fabricated by inexpensive chemical bath deposition technique. Under 5.30 mW/sq.cm, 374 nm UV irradiation in air, photodiode offered a maximum self-biased photocurrent and photosensitivity of -26.55 μA and 23000. Photodiode exhibited very stable, rapid self-biased binary photocurrent switching with a rise and fall time of ~25.27 ms and ~49.82 ms.
采用低成本的化学浴沉积技术制备了高质量的n型ZnO纳米线/p-Si异质结光电二极管。低于5.30 mW/sq。在空气中辐照374 nm时,光电二极管的最大自偏置光电流为-26.55 μA,光敏度为23000。光电二极管表现出非常稳定、快速的自偏置二进制光电流开关,上升和下降时间分别为~25.27 ms和~49.82 ms。
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引用次数: 4
CMOS temperature sensor with built-in ADC 内置ADC的CMOS温度传感器
P. Thota, A. K. Mal
An area efficient temperature sensor using Ring Oscillator (RO) is proposed. It is basically implemented with two ROs, one being temperature-sensitive and the other temperature-insensitive. Temperature measurement is done in two steps. Initially, temperature-to-time conversion is performed when temperature-sensitive RO is enabled and then time-to-digital conversion is performed when temperature-insensitive RO is enabled. This two step process optimizes the area because only one counter is sufficient. The feedback provision enables only one RO at once, providing low dynamic power dissipation. A True Single-Phase Clock (TSPC) based high speed counter is employed to meet the requirement. It is designed using UMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology with the supply votage of 1.8 V and the simulation results are presented. The proposed sensor is capable of measuring the temperatures from -55° C to 125° C with the resolution of 5.68 LSB/°C. It dissipates 650 μW with the conversion rate of 300K Samples/S and occupying 10.05 μm2.
提出了一种基于环形振荡器(RO)的区域高效温度传感器。它基本上是由两个ROs实现的,一个是温度敏感的,另一个是温度不敏感的。温度测量分两步完成。首先使能温度敏感RO时进行温度到时间的转换,然后使能温度不敏感RO时进行时间到数字的转换。这两步过程优化了区域,因为只有一个计数器是足够的。提供反馈,一次只允许一个RO,提供低动态功耗。采用基于真单相时钟(TSPC)的高速计数器来满足这一要求。采用UMC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺设计,电源电压为1.8 V,并给出了仿真结果。该传感器能够测量-55°C至125°C的温度,分辨率为5.68 LSB/°C。损耗为650 μW,转化率为300K Samples/S,占用10.05 μm2。
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引用次数: 2
Implementation of real time image processing system with FPGA and DSP 用FPGA和DSP实现实时图像处理系统
M. V. Ganeswara Rao, P. Kumar, A. M. Prasad
The Real time image processing is always in high demand for many applications used in security system, remote sensing, manufacturing process and multimedia, those require to have high performance. Based on that requirement, image processing systems have been proposed in this paper using a heterogeneous platform called TMS320DM642. The platform has an FPGA chip and a DSP processor. The FPGA chip is used as a functional element for image sampling and display and the DSP processor is used for critical image processing. In this paper, firstly we discuss the proposed hardware architecture and its working principle and then some key issues related external memory interface. Finally, an image edge detection algorithm is presented to test functionality of the proposed system. The developed system can acquire live frames from camera, display images on VGA monitor or NTSC/PAL TV and execute some image processing functions like colour model conversion, pixel based operation etc. It is also proved that the developed system can meet the real time performance requirement.
在安防系统、遥感、制造过程和多媒体等对实时图像处理性能要求较高的应用中,对实时图像处理有着很高的要求。基于这一需求,本文提出了基于异构平台TMS320DM642的图像处理系统。该平台采用FPGA芯片和DSP处理器。FPGA芯片作为图像采样和显示的功能元件,DSP处理器用于关键图像处理。本文首先讨论了所提出的硬件架构及其工作原理,然后讨论了与外部存储器接口相关的一些关键问题。最后,提出了一种图像边缘检测算法来测试系统的功能。所开发的系统可以采集摄像机的实时画面,在VGA显示器或NTSC/PAL电视上显示图像,并执行一些图像处理功能,如彩色模型转换、基于像素的运算等。实践证明,所开发的系统能够满足实时性要求。
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引用次数: 22
期刊
2016 International Conference on Microelectronics, Computing and Communications (MicroCom)
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