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The Impact of Psychiatric Care Program on Empathy of Neonatal Intensive Care Nurses in Iran. 精神病护理计划对伊朗新生儿重症监护护士移情能力的影响。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.11
Mohammad Heidarzadeh, Haydeh Heidari, Shima Heidary, Ali Ahmadi

Background: The main role of nurses is not only to inform about the disease and treatment of the patient but also to establish an effective therapeutic relationship to address concerns and provide empathy, comfort, and support. This issue is very prominent in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and doubles the importance of empathetic communication between nurses and parents and promoting empathy skills in nurses working in neonatal intensive care units.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a support program on the empathy of neonatal intensive care nurses across the Iran.

Methods: This study was conducted in 2021 as a semi-experimental intervention in a group of 166 nurses working in the neonatal department all over Iran who met the inclusion criteria. Jefferson's empathy questionnaire was completed electronically by the participants before and after the online education program start. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (V 24.0).

Results: The empathy score of nurses was 60.31 ± 5.76 before and 66.47 ±6.60 after the intervention. The empathy scores of nurses after the intervention increased statistically significantly.

Conclusion: Nurses can communicate empathically with parents by training their verbal and nonverbal communication skills and gaining a common understanding of the feelings of parents of premature infants.

背景:护士的主要职责不仅是告知患者疾病和治疗方法,还要建立有效的治疗关系,以解决患者的担忧,并提供同理心、安慰和支持。这一问题在新生儿重症监护室(NICU)中非常突出,因此护士与家长之间的同理心沟通以及促进新生儿重症监护室护士同理心技能的重要性加倍:这项研究于 2021 年进行,是一项半实验性干预,对象是伊朗各地符合纳入标准的 166 名新生儿科护士。在线教育项目开始前后,参与者通过电子方式填写杰弗逊移情问卷。数据使用 SPSS 软件(V 24.0)进行分析:干预前和干预后,护士的移情得分分别为(60.31 ± 5.76)和(66.47 ± 6.60)。干预后,护士的移情得分在统计学上有明显提高:结论:护士可以通过训练语言和非语言沟通技巧,对早产儿父母的感受有一个共同的理解,从而与父母进行移情沟通。
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引用次数: 0
The Prevalence of Scoliosis among Adolescent Chest Radiographs Obtained at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in 2019. 2019 年在 Tikur Anbessa 专科医院拍摄的青少年胸部 X 光片中脊柱侧凸的患病率。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.10
Mihretu Jegnie, Abay Mulu, Azmera Gissila, Misganaw Jegnie, Fetahi Minichil

Background: Scoliosis is an abnormal side-to-side spinal curve of greater than or equal to 100 Cobb angle. It is the most common spinal deformity in children and adolescents. Epidemiological evidence about scoliosis is scarce in Africa, including Ethiopia. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of scoliosis among adolescents and analysing its association with age and sex using plain chest radiographs obtained for non-spinal reasons in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.

Method: All non-tilted, non-rotated, and non-poorly penetrated digital plain chest radiographs of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years obtained at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital between January 1 and December 31, 2019, were measured for the coronal Cobb angle. The data were cleaned, coded, and entered into SPSS version 26 for analysis. Chi-square, and linear regression, and logistic regression analyses were also carried out to evaluate the effect of sex and age on scoliosis.

Results: The Cobb angles of 1,369 posteroanterior chest radiographs of adolescents were measured. Thirty (2.2%, 95% CI: 1.4%, 3.0%) of these were found to have scoliosis. The mean coronal Cobb angle was 2.270±6.320. There was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of scoliosis in boys (2.21%) and girls (2.17%) (X2=0.003, P=0.954). Likewise, age did not show any statistically significant difference in the prevalence of scoliosis (X2=2.655, P=0.265).

Conclusion: This study revealed that incidental finding of adolescent scoliosis in plain chest radiographs is common. Further study using whole spine radiography should be carried out to determine the true general population prevalence of scoliosis in Ethiopia.

背景:脊柱侧弯是指脊柱侧弯大于或等于 100 Cobb 角的异常侧弯。它是儿童和青少年最常见的脊柱畸形。在非洲,包括埃塞俄比亚,有关脊柱侧弯的流行病学证据很少。本研究旨在确定青少年脊柱侧弯症的发病率,并利用在提库尔安贝萨专科医院因非脊柱原因获得的普通胸片分析其与年龄和性别的关系:对2019年1月1日至12月31日期间在Tikur Anbessa专科医院获得的10至19岁青少年的所有非倾斜、非旋转和非穿透力差的数字化普通胸片进行冠状面Cobb角测量。数据经清理、编码后输入 SPSS 26 版进行分析。还进行了卡方、线性回归和逻辑回归分析,以评估性别和年龄对脊柱侧凸的影响:结果:测量了 1,369 张青少年后正位胸片的 Cobb 角。其中有 30 人(2.2%,95% CI:1.4%,3.0%)被发现患有脊柱侧弯。冠状面 Cobb 角的平均值为 2.270±6.320。男孩(2.21%)和女孩(2.17%)的脊柱侧弯患病率在统计学上没有明显差异(X2=0.003,P=0.954)。同样,年龄在脊柱侧弯患病率中也没有任何统计学差异(X2=2.655,P=0.265):本研究显示,在普通胸片中偶然发现青少年脊柱侧弯很常见。为确定埃塞俄比亚脊柱侧弯症在普通人群中的真实发病率,应使用全脊柱放射摄影技术开展进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Establishing and Comparing the Normal apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values of Fetal Organs and Placenta Using 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 T MRI at Various Gestational Age. 使用 1.5 特斯拉和 3.0 特磁共振成像技术确定并比较不同妊娠期胎儿器官和胎盘的正常表观扩散系数值。
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.8
Priyanka Chandrasekhar, Rajeswaran Rangasami, Chitra Andrew, N Paarthipan

Background: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is the random Brownian motion of water molecules within a tissue voxel. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is a quantitative parameter calculated from the DWI that directly reflects the mobility of water molecules in biological tissues. The objective of this study was to establish and compare the normal reference ADC values of fetal organs and the placenta using 1.5 T and 3.0 T MRI at various gestational ages.

Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective observational study. This study included one hundred and three (103) singleton pregnancies for each magnetic field strength. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed using single-shot spin-echo-planar imaging (EPI) in the axial plane of the fetal head-trunk with a slice thickness of 4mm and diffusion gradient values of b = 0 and b = 700-800 s/mm2.

Results: The mean ADC values of cerebral WM areas were significantly higher than the deep grey areas in the brain. The white-matter regions, lung, and placenta showed a positive and significant correlation with increasing gestational age in both field strengths. A statistically weak negative correlation was observed between increasing gestational age and ADC measurements obtained in the thalamus, cerebellum, pons, and kidney.

Conclusion: This study gives the reference values for both 1.5T and 3T MRI of vital organs. The current study shows that diffusion-weighted MRI can offer a promising technique to evaluate the structural development of fetal organs and can potentially act as a biomarker for predicting the functionality of the fetal organs in abnormalities.

背景:扩散加权成像(DWI)是组织体素内水分子的随机布朗运动。表观扩散系数(ADC)是通过 DWI 计算得出的定量参数,直接反映了生物组织中水分子的流动性。本研究的目的是利用 1.5 T 和 3.0 T 磁共振成像建立并比较胎儿器官和胎盘在不同孕龄时的正常 ADC 参考值:这是一项回顾性和前瞻性观察研究。这项研究包括 103 例单胎妊娠,每种磁场强度都有。采用单次自旋回声平面成像(EPI)在胎儿头-躯干轴向平面进行弥散加权成像,切片厚度为 4 毫米,弥散梯度值为 b = 0 和 b = 700-800 s/mm2:结果:大脑WM区域的平均ADC值明显高于大脑深灰区域。在两种场强下,白质区域、肺和胎盘与胎龄的增加呈显著正相关。胎龄的增加与丘脑、小脑、脑桥和肾脏的 ADC 测量值之间在统计学上呈弱负相关:本研究为重要器官的 1.5T 和 3T 磁共振成像提供了参考值。目前的研究表明,弥散加权磁共振成像可为评估胎儿器官的结构发育提供一种前景广阔的技术,并有可能成为预测胎儿器官功能异常的生物标志物。
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引用次数: 0
Surgical Informed Consent in Clinical Practice: Patients' Perspective Undergoing Cesarean Section at Three Teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 临床实践中的手术知情同意:埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴三家教学医院剖腹产手术患者的观点。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.13
Eskinder Kebede, Tadios Tasew, Dawit Worku

Background: Informed consent is a communication process of providing the patient/parents/guardians with relevant information regarding the diagnosis and the treatment so that they can make informed decisions. This study was to assess the practice of surgical informed consent in Addis Ababa.

Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in Addis Ababa in 2021. A total of 312 women who underwent cesarean section were interviewed immediately after their hospital discharge. Thirteen components of SIC were used based on international recommendations, including the Royal College of Surgeons' standards of informed consent practices for surgical procedures.

Results: Almost all (100 %) of the respondents were asked to provide written consent, and 96.2 % of them signed the consent form. Most women (89.4%) received information about the indication(s). Few (18.6%) respondents were informed about the type of anesthesia to be administered while only 9 %( n= 28) of them were given an opportunity to choose the option of anesthesia. Only 44.9% of the respondents have received at least six of the 13 components of SIC suggested by the investigators. In this, the most secured data was the signature of the patient which is 96 %. The least documented element of SIC was alternative treatment.

Conclusion: A majority of women who underwent both elective and emergency cesarean section did not receive comprehensive information during the Surgical Informed Consent process in the study hospitals. There is a need that patients need to be counseled during antenatal visits, specifically when patients visit near term for antenatal checkups.

背景:知情同意是向患者/家长/监护人提供有关诊断和治疗的相关信息,以便他们做出知情决定的沟通过程。本研究旨在评估亚的斯亚贝巴手术知情同意的实践情况:方法:2021 年在亚的斯亚贝巴开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。共有 312 名接受剖宫产手术的妇女在出院后立即接受了访谈。根据国际建议,包括英国皇家外科学院的外科手术知情同意标准,采用了 13 项 SIC 要素:几乎所有受访者(100%)都被要求提供书面同意书,其中 96.2% 的人签署了同意书。大多数妇女(89.4%)收到了有关手术适应症的信息。少数受访者(18.6%)被告知了麻醉类型,只有 9% 的受访者(28 人)有机会选择麻醉方式。只有 44.9% 的受访者获得了调查人员建议的 13 项 SIC 要素中的至少 6 项。其中,最有保障的数据是患者的签名,占 96%。结论:结论:在研究医院中,大多数接受择期和急诊剖宫产手术的妇女在手术知情同意过程中没有获得全面的信息。有必要在产前检查时,特别是在临近分娩时对患者进行产前检查。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of the Efficacy of Tolterodine versus Oxybutynin in the Treatment of Children with Desmopressin-Resistant Enuresis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. 托特罗定与奥昔布宁治疗去氨加压素抵抗性遗尿症儿童的疗效比较:随机对照临床试验》。
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.7
Neda Ezodin, MahboubehJafari Sarouei, Mohamad Khademlo, Sevda Hashemi Milani, Sahar Yousefi, Hamid Mohammadjafari

Background: Enuresis, defined as involuntary nocturnal urination without any underlying organic disorder in a child expected to control urination, poses a common problem. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Tolterodine and Oxybutynin in children presenting with primary desmopressin-resistant enuresis.

Materials and methods: A randomized clinical trial was undertaken involving 68 participants aged between 5 and 16 years, all suffering from primary enuresis. These patients were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups for a three-month period: Group 1, treated with Oxybutynin and Desmopressin, and Group 2, treated with Tolterodine and Desmopressin. Data on demographics, clinical and laboratory findings, and subjective responses to treatment were gathered. The response was measured based on the frequency of wetting incidents per night and week and compared with pre-treatment data.

Results: Patients were divided into two groups (30 patients in Group 1 and 38 patients in Group 2). The mean age of the patients was 88.97±27.09 months. In the first treatment group, 6 out of 30 patients (20%) experienced a complete treatment response, as did 5 out of 38 patients (13.2%) in the second treatment group. This difference between the groups was not statistically significant. Seven patients (23%) in the Oxybutynin group and 13 patients (34%) in the Tolterodine group reported a lack of response to treatment, a difference that also lacked statistical significance.

Conclusion: For patients resistant to Desmopressin, the addition of anticholinergic drugs elicited a significant response in over half of the patients. However, no benefit was observed in using either Oxybutynin or Tolterodine in the treatment of Desmopressin-resistant enuresis.

背景:遗尿症是指儿童在没有任何潜在器质性病变的情况下不自主地夜间排尿,这种现象很常见。本研究评估了托特罗定和奥昔布宁对原发性去氨加压素抵抗性遗尿症儿童的疗效:这项随机临床试验涉及 68 名年龄在 5 至 16 岁之间、患有原发性遗尿症的参与者。这些患者被随机分配到两个治疗组中的一个,为期三个月:第一组接受奥昔布宁和去氨加压素治疗,第二组接受托特罗定和去氨加压素治疗。收集的数据包括人口统计学、临床和实验室检查结果以及对治疗的主观反应。根据每晚和每周的尿湿次数来衡量反应,并与治疗前的数据进行比较:患者分为两组(第一组 30 人,第二组 38 人)。患者的平均年龄为(88.97±27.09)个月。第一治疗组的 30 名患者中有 6 名(20%)获得了完全治疗反应,第二治疗组的 38 名患者中有 5 名(13.2%)获得了完全治疗反应。两组之间的差异无统计学意义。奥昔布宁组的 7 名患者(23%)和托特罗定组的 13 名患者(34%)报告对治疗无反应,这一差异也没有统计学意义:结论:对于对去氨加压素耐药的患者,添加抗胆碱能药物可使半数以上的患者产生明显反应。然而,在治疗对去氨加压素耐药的遗尿症时,无论是使用奥昔布宁还是托特罗定,都没有观察到任何益处。
{"title":"Comparison of the Efficacy of Tolterodine versus Oxybutynin in the Treatment of Children with Desmopressin-Resistant Enuresis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Neda Ezodin, MahboubehJafari Sarouei, Mohamad Khademlo, Sevda Hashemi Milani, Sahar Yousefi, Hamid Mohammadjafari","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.7","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Enuresis, defined as involuntary nocturnal urination without any underlying organic disorder in a child expected to control urination, poses a common problem. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Tolterodine and Oxybutynin in children presenting with primary desmopressin-resistant enuresis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A randomized clinical trial was undertaken involving 68 participants aged between 5 and 16 years, all suffering from primary enuresis. These patients were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups for a three-month period: Group 1, treated with Oxybutynin and Desmopressin, and Group 2, treated with Tolterodine and Desmopressin. Data on demographics, clinical and laboratory findings, and subjective responses to treatment were gathered. The response was measured based on the frequency of wetting incidents per night and week and compared with pre-treatment data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients were divided into two groups (30 patients in Group 1 and 38 patients in Group 2). The mean age of the patients was 88.97±27.09 months. In the first treatment group, 6 out of 30 patients (20%) experienced a complete treatment response, as did 5 out of 38 patients (13.2%) in the second treatment group. This difference between the groups was not statistically significant. Seven patients (23%) in the Oxybutynin group and 13 patients (34%) in the Tolterodine group reported a lack of response to treatment, a difference that also lacked statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For patients resistant to Desmopressin, the addition of anticholinergic drugs elicited a significant response in over half of the patients. However, no benefit was observed in using either Oxybutynin or Tolterodine in the treatment of Desmopressin-resistant enuresis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"33 4","pages":"611-620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11111179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Factors Associated with Neural Tube Defects among Women Who Gave Birth at Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia: A Case Control Study. 埃塞俄比亚阿达玛医学院阿达玛医院产妇神经管缺陷的相关因素:病例对照研究。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.9
Dereje Tegene, Ephrem Mannekulih

Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) occur as a result of incomplete closure of the neural tube by the embryonic age of 26 to 28 days. Addressing factors associated with NTDs would help to identify and prioritize high-risk women, which in turn guides the preventive strategy. The study aimed to identify factors associated with NTDs among women who gave birth or had a second-trimester abortion at Adama Hospital Medical College, from January 1st to December 31st, 2019.

Methods: Hospital based unmatched case-control study was conducted on 344 women. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20. Descriptive statistics were computed. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors associations with NTDs.

Results: The odds of having a fetus with NTDs were 2.19 times higher among women who are not in a marital relationship (AOR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.25). Women with a previous history of Abortion or stillbirth had 3 fold increased risk of having a fetus with NTDs (AOR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.58, 5.88). Inadequate housing condition nearly doubles the odds of having a fetus with NTDs (AOR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.20, 3.04). Folic acid or multivitamin supplementation early in pregnancy reduced the odds of having a fetus with NTDs by 43% (AOR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.91).

Conclusion: Being not in a marital relationship, previous history of abortion or stillbirth, and living in inadequate housing conditions were risk factors for NTDs, while multivitamins or folic acid supplementation was a protective factor.

背景:神经管畸形(NTD)是由于胚胎在 26-28 天时神经管未完全闭合而导致的。解决与 NTD 相关的因素将有助于识别高风险妇女并确定其优先次序,从而为预防策略提供指导。该研究旨在确定2019年1月1日至12月31日期间在阿达玛医院医学院分娩或进行二胎流产的妇女中与NTD相关的因素。方法:对344名妇女进行了基于医院的非匹配病例对照研究。数据使用 SPSS 20 进行分析。计算描述性统计。进行了二元逻辑回归分析,以确定与 NTDs 相关的因素:结果:非婚姻关系的女性怀上 NTD 胎儿的几率是普通女性的 2.19 倍(AOR = 2.19;95% CI:1.13, 4.25)。曾有过流产或死胎史的妇女怀上 NTD 胎儿的风险增加了 3 倍(AOR = 3.05;95% CI:1.58-5.88)。住房条件差会使胎儿患 NTD 的几率增加近一倍(AOR = 1.91;95% CI:1.20,3.04)。孕早期补充叶酸或多种维生素可将胎儿罹患 NTD 的几率降低 43% (AOR = 0.57;95% CI:0.35,0.91):结论:非婚姻关系、既往流产或死胎史以及居住条件差是导致 NTD 的风险因素,而补充多种维生素或叶酸则是保护因素。
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引用次数: 0
The Roles of USG and NCCT in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: A Study in a Tertiary Care Center in North Eastern India. USG 和 NCCT 在诊断急性阑尾炎中的作用:印度东北部一家三级医疗中心的研究。
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.14
Uddalok Das, Amarendra Nath Sarkar, Dilip Chandra Barman, Narayan Pandit

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common cause of hospital admission and emergency laparotomy among children and young adults. Although the diagnosis is clinical, the use of radiological imaging has emerged over the past decades. Its principal use is as a problem-solving tool in equivocal cases. Owing to the increased use of imaging in the last few years, the negative appendicectomy rate has dropped significantly. In this prospective observational study, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of Ultrasonography and Non-Contrast Computed Tomography.

Method: One hundred and eighteen patients with clinically suspected appendicitis followed a designed protocol. Patients underwent appendicectomy after a first performed positive ultrasonography or after a positive Non-Contrast Computed Tomography when Ultrasonography was equivocal or nonspecific. When any other diagnosis was apparent in either imaging modality which could explain the symptomatology in the patient, they were considered negative for acute appendicitis and treated accordingly.

Results: The respective sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for Ultrasonography, Non-Contrast Computed Tomography, and the whole diagnostic pathway for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis were 70.73%,80.83%, and 78.54; 100%,100%,100%, and 83.6%; and 100%,83.33% and 94.92%.

Conclusion: Using Ultrasonography as the first-line diagnostic tool and Non-Contrast Computed Tomography as a complementary second-line diagnostic tool, appendicitis can be diagnosed with high accuracy and the negative laparotomy rate can be brought down significantly without any increase in the risk of complications. Computed Tomography is superior to Ultrasonography for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

背景:急性阑尾炎是儿童和青少年入院和急诊开腹手术的常见原因。虽然诊断是临床的,但在过去的几十年中,放射成像技术的应用也逐渐兴起。其主要用途是在诊断不明确的病例中作为解决问题的工具。由于近几年影像学应用的增加,阑尾切除术的阴性率明显下降。在这项前瞻性观察研究中,我们比较了超声波和非对比计算机断层扫描的诊断准确性:方法:118 名临床疑似阑尾炎患者按照设计方案进行检查。患者在首次超声波检查呈阳性后,或在超声波检查呈阳性的非对比计算机断层扫描呈等效或非特异性后,接受阑尾切除术。如果任何一种影像学诊断方法都能解释患者的症状,则将其视为急性阑尾炎阴性,并进行相应治疗:结果:超声波检查、非对比计算机断层扫描和整个诊断路径对急性阑尾炎诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为 70.73%、80.83% 和 78.54;100%、100%、100% 和 83.6%;100%、83.33% 和 94.92%:以超声波为一线诊断工具,以非对比计算机断层扫描为辅助二线诊断工具,阑尾炎的诊断准确率较高,开腹手术的阴性率可显著降低,且不会增加并发症的风险。在诊断急性阑尾炎方面,计算机断层扫描优于超声波检查。
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引用次数: 0
Mostafa Maged Maneuver to Control Post-Partum Hemorrhage during Vaginal Delivery. 莫斯塔法手法控制阴道分娩中产后出血。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i3.9
Mostafa Maged Ali

Background: This study is aimed to introduce a new technique used in controlling the postpartum bleeding during normal vaginal delivery.

Methods: This study was conducted on 150 pregnant women aged 18 years or more who were eligible for normal vaginal delivery. After placental delivery, Mostafa Maged maneuver was applied. The amount of blood loss was estimated by counting the number of pads immediately before applying the maneuver compared to the number of pads immediately after applying the maneuver to determine the effectiveness of the Mostafa Maged maneuver.

Results: The study revealed that 15.3% of the study group had atony, and 23.3% were complicated with postpartum hemorrhage. In terms of blood loss, the average number of pads used before Mostafa Maged compression was (2.8) pads, with a range of 1 to 6 pads. The mean blood loss volume was (353.3±158.5) ml ranging between 125 and 750 ml. we should consider that Mostafa Maged maneuver is immediately applied after placental delivery. That is why small amount of 125 ml of blood loss in few patients is estimated, which decreased to (0.54±0.14) pads ranging between 0.5 and 1 pad with a mean (65.2±17.7) ml blood loss ranging between 60 and 125 ml after applying Mostafa Maged maneuver during normal vaginal delivery. There was a statistical decrease in the number of pads and volume of blood loss after Mostafa Maged maneuver.

Conclusion: Mostafa Maged maneuver was found to be effective in stopping and preventing postpartum bleeding during vaginal delivery as this maneuver is used as a prophylaxis against post-partum hemorrhage in patients with risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage. It is also used to control post-partum hemorrhage during vaginal delivery. It has been proven to be tolerable, easy to learn and easy to perform.

背景:本研究旨在介绍一种用于控制正常阴道分娩中产后出血的新技术。方法:本研究对150名18岁以上符合正常阴道分娩条件的孕妇进行了研究。胎盘娩出后,应用Mostafa Maged手法。通过计算操作前的垫片数量和操作后的垫片数量来估计失血量,以确定穆斯塔法魔法操作的有效性。结果:研究组有15.3%的患者出现便秘,其中23.3%的患者并发产后出血。在失血量方面,Mostafa Maged压缩前使用的平均垫数为(2.8)块,范围为1至6块。平均失血量为(353.3±158.5)ml,范围在125 ~ 750 ml之间,应考虑在胎盘分娩后立即应用Mostafa Maged手法。这就是为什么估计少数患者的出血量为125ml,在正常阴道分娩过程中,应用Mostafa Maged手法后,出血量减少到(0.54±0.14)个垫,范围在0.5到1个垫之间,平均出血量为(65.2±17.7)ml,范围在60到125ml之间。在穆斯塔法魔法手法后,垫片数量和出血量有统计学上的减少。结论:对于有产后出血危险因素的患者,采用莫斯塔法手法可有效预防阴道分娩时的产后出血。它也用于控制阴道分娩时的产后出血。它已被证明是可以忍受的,容易学习和容易执行。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Albuterol Spray on Hypoxia and Bronchospasm in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) under General Anesthesia: A bouble-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. 沙丁胺醇喷雾剂对全身麻醉下慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者缺氧和支气管痉挛的影响:双盲随机临床试验
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i3.12
Seyedmahrokh A Maddah, Akbar Barzegari

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience an increased risk of perioperative pulmonary complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of albuterol spray on hypoxia and bronchospasm in patients with COPD under general anesthesia.

Methods: This single-center, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial was performed on 120 smoking patients with COPD who were referred to 5 Azar Educational Hospital in Gorgan, Northern Iran, in 2021. Twenty minutes before general anesthesia and also after completion of surgery and before extubation, 60 patients in the intervention group were inhaled with 2 puffs of albuterol spray. In the control group, patients were inhaled with 2 puffs of placebo spray. In perioperative period, the occurrence of wheezing, bronchospasm, coughing, hemodynamic changes, postoperative shivering, dyspnea, and nausea and vomiting were evaluated in all patients. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist was used to report important aspects of this study.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.34 ±8.95 years, and 115 (95.8%) of them were males while the rest were females. The difference between systolic blood pressure before induction of anesthesia (after administration of albuterol spray) between the group receiving albuterol spray and the group not receiving it was statistically significant (p=0.04). Also, the difference between the mean arterial oxygen saturation before tracheal extubation (after re-administration of albuterol spray) between the albuterol spray group and the non-albuterol group was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Wheezing and recurrent cough after induction of anesthesia and after extubation (after albuterol spray administration) was lower in the albuterol group than in the control group (p<0.05). No significant side effects were detected in the albuterol-treated group.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that the prophylactic use of albuterol spray is useful in reducing the incidence of wheezing and recurrent cough before induction of anesthesia in COPD patients with smoking.

背景:慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者围手术期肺部并发症的风险增加。本研究的目的是评估沙丁胺醇喷雾剂对COPD全麻下患者缺氧和支气管痉挛的影响。方法:这项单中心、双盲、平行组、随机临床试验对2021年转诊到伊朗北部戈尔根市5 Azar教育医院的120例吸烟COPD患者进行了研究。干预组60例患者于全麻前20分钟、手术结束后拔管前吸入沙丁胺醇喷雾剂2支。在对照组,患者吸入2次安慰剂喷雾剂。围手术期观察患者喘息、支气管痉挛、咳嗽、血流动力学改变、术后寒颤、呼吸困难、恶心呕吐的发生情况。试验综合报告标准(CONSORT)检查表用于报告本研究的重要方面。结果:患者平均年龄为52.34±8.95岁,男性115例,占95.8%,其余为女性。喷施沙丁胺醇组与未喷施沙丁胺醇组麻醉诱导前(喷施沙丁胺醇后)收缩压差异有统计学意义(p=0.04)。喷喷沙丁胺醇组与非喷喷沙丁胺醇组气管拔管前(再次喷喷沙丁胺醇后)平均动脉血氧饱和度差异有统计学意义(p = 0.03)。沙丁胺醇组麻醉诱导后和拔管后(喷喷沙丁胺醇后)喘息和反复咳嗽的发生率低于对照组(p结论:根据本研究结果,预防使用沙丁胺醇喷雾剂有助于减少吸烟COPD患者麻醉诱导前喘息和反复咳嗽的发生率。
{"title":"The Effect of Albuterol Spray on Hypoxia and Bronchospasm in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) under General Anesthesia: A bouble-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Seyedmahrokh A Maddah,&nbsp;Akbar Barzegari","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i3.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience an increased risk of perioperative pulmonary complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of albuterol spray on hypoxia and bronchospasm in patients with COPD under general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial was performed on 120 smoking patients with COPD who were referred to 5 Azar Educational Hospital in Gorgan, Northern Iran, in 2021. Twenty minutes before general anesthesia and also after completion of surgery and before extubation, 60 patients in the intervention group were inhaled with 2 puffs of albuterol spray. In the control group, patients were inhaled with 2 puffs of placebo spray. In perioperative period, the occurrence of wheezing, bronchospasm, coughing, hemodynamic changes, postoperative shivering, dyspnea, and nausea and vomiting were evaluated in all patients. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist was used to report important aspects of this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 52.34 ±8.95 years, and 115 (95.8%) of them were males while the rest were females. The difference between systolic blood pressure before induction of anesthesia (after administration of albuterol spray) between the group receiving albuterol spray and the group not receiving it was statistically significant (p=0.04). Also, the difference between the mean arterial oxygen saturation before tracheal extubation (after re-administration of albuterol spray) between the albuterol spray group and the non-albuterol group was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Wheezing and recurrent cough after induction of anesthesia and after extubation (after albuterol spray administration) was lower in the albuterol group than in the control group (p<0.05). No significant side effects were detected in the albuterol-treated group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results of this study, it seems that the prophylactic use of albuterol spray is useful in reducing the incidence of wheezing and recurrent cough before induction of anesthesia in COPD patients with smoking.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"33 3","pages":"491-498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10001519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Relationship between Capital Domains and Resilience in Facing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. 资本领域与印尼应对COVID-19大流行韧性的关系
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i3.2
Arief Hargono, Febi Dwirahmadi, Kurnia Dwi Artanti, Erni Astutik, Siti Shofiya Novita Sari, Febriyanti

Background: Strengthening disaster resilience is important to protect existing development and in anticipation of various disasters and risks due to disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine resilience among individuals in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia based on the capital domains.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with 97 Indonesian people and was conducted using an online survey in May-December 2020. Data were analysed using multivariable logistic regression.

Result: The results showed that 45.36% of the respondents had low resilience. Respondents whose expenses increased had 6.36 times higher odds of good resilience compared to respondents whose expenses decreased (AOR=6.36,95%CI=1.26-32,p=0.025). Respondents whose expenses were not affected had 12.32 times higher odds of having good resilience than respondents whose expenses were reduced (AOR=12.32,95%CI=1.82-83.40, p=0.01). Respondents with larger families had 32% lower odds of having good resilience than those with fewer family members (AOR=0.68, 95%CI=0.47-0.98, p=0.038). Respondents with no quarantine facilities had 65% lower odds of good resilience than those with quarantine facilities (AOR=0.35, 95%CI 0.13-0.95, p=0.04).

Conclusion: Economic and physical capital as the part of capital domains showed a significant association with resilience during COVID-19 pandemics. Economic capital variables that had association with resilience were money expenses and the number of family members in household. Physical capital had a relationship with resilience were the availability of quarantine facilities. Government could encourage cooperation within the community to share economic resources. Local government could provide isolation facilities in local area.

背景:加强抗灾能力对于保护现有发展以及应对COVID-19大流行等灾害和风险至关重要。本研究旨在根据首都域确定印度尼西亚个人应对COVID-19大流行的复原力。方法:本研究采用横断面设计,于2020年5月至12月对97名印度尼西亚人进行在线调查。数据分析采用多变量逻辑回归。结果:45.36%的被调查者心理弹性较低。支出增加的受访者具有良好弹性的几率是支出减少的受访者的6.36倍(AOR=6.36,95%CI=1.26-32,p=0.025)。支出不受影响的被调查者具有良好弹性的几率比支出减少的被调查者高12.32倍(AOR=12.32,95%CI=1.82 ~ 83.40, p=0.01)。与家庭成员较少的受访者相比,家庭成员较多的受访者具有良好弹性的几率低32% (AOR=0.68, 95%CI=0.47-0.98, p=0.038)。没有隔离设施的应答者与有隔离设施的应答者相比,良好恢复力的几率低65% (AOR=0.35, 95%CI 0.13-0.95, p=0.04)。结论:在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,经济和物质资本作为资本领域的一部分与韧性存在显著关联。与弹性相关的经济资本变量为货币支出和家庭成员数量。实物资本与复原力有关系的是检疫设施的可用性。政府可以鼓励社区内的合作,共享经济资源。当地政府可在当地提供隔离设施。
{"title":"The Relationship between Capital Domains and Resilience in Facing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia.","authors":"Arief Hargono,&nbsp;Febi Dwirahmadi,&nbsp;Kurnia Dwi Artanti,&nbsp;Erni Astutik,&nbsp;Siti Shofiya Novita Sari,&nbsp;Febriyanti","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i3.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Strengthening disaster resilience is important to protect existing development and in anticipation of various disasters and risks due to disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine resilience among individuals in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia based on the capital domains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a cross-sectional design with 97 Indonesian people and was conducted using an online survey in May-December 2020. Data were analysed using multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The results showed that 45.36% of the respondents had low resilience. Respondents whose expenses increased had 6.36 times higher odds of good resilience compared to respondents whose expenses decreased (AOR=6.36,95%CI=1.26-32,p=0.025). Respondents whose expenses were not affected had 12.32 times higher odds of having good resilience than respondents whose expenses were reduced (AOR=12.32,95%CI=1.82-83.40, p=0.01). Respondents with larger families had 32% lower odds of having good resilience than those with fewer family members (AOR=0.68, 95%CI=0.47-0.98, p=0.038). Respondents with no quarantine facilities had 65% lower odds of good resilience than those with quarantine facilities (AOR=0.35, 95%CI 0.13-0.95, p=0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Economic and physical capital as the part of capital domains showed a significant association with resilience during COVID-19 pandemics. Economic capital variables that had association with resilience were money expenses and the number of family members in household. Physical capital had a relationship with resilience were the availability of quarantine facilities. Government could encourage cooperation within the community to share economic resources. Local government could provide isolation facilities in local area.</p>","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"33 3","pages":"391-402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9996281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
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