European Journal of Soil Biology最新文献_第6页

Soil pH modulates the impact of ammonia-based fertilizers on N-cycling microbial genes in terrestrial ecosystems 土壤pH调节氨基肥料对陆地生态系统氮循环微生物基因的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103735

Xue Zhou, Yiyun Chen, Yawei Li

The increase in available nitrogen (N) in terrestrial ecosystems influences N-cycling processes by affecting the abundance of N-cycling microorganisms. However, the responses of N-cycling genes to different N forms and soil pH conditions remain inconsistent. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the responses of the abundances of functional genes (archaeal amoA, bacterial amoA, narG, nirK, nirS, and nosZ) involved in nitrification and denitrification to exogenous N inputs. Our analysis included 325 observations from 116 publications on terrestrial ecosystems. Elevated N inputs significantly increased the abundances of AOA (+24.6 %), AOB (+103 %), nirS (+31.2 %), nirK (+26.4 %), and nosZ (+24.0 %) genes. The effects of different N forms on N-cycling genes were modulated by soil pH. The response of AOB to N addition was significant across various N forms and a wide range of soil pH levels. In contrast, the strongest effects of inorganic N and urea on AOA were observed in alkaline and neutral soils, respectively, while organic fertilizers had the greatest impact on AOA in acidic soils. The response of the nirS gene to organic N addition was evident across a broad range of soil pH, whereas the nirK gene responded primarily in acidic and neutral soils. In neutral soils, inorganic N similarly influenced the abundances of nirS and nirK genes; however, in acidic soils, inorganic N significantly reduced nirS gene abundance while increasing that of nirK. Urea significantly enhanced the abundances of nirS and nirK genes in acidic and neutral soils, respectively. Moreover, organic and inorganic N markedly increased nosZ gene abundance in neutral and alkaline soils, whereas urea had no significant effect on nosZ. This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the responses of N-cycling genes to various N forms across soils with differing pH levels, offering valuable insights to refine strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving N management in terrestrial ecosystems.

陆地生态系统有效氮(N)的增加通过影响氮循环微生物的丰度来影响氮循环过程。然而，氮素循环基因对不同氮素形态和土壤pH条件的响应并不一致。在这项研究中，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估参与硝化和反硝化的功能基因（古菌amoA、细菌amoA、narG、nirK、nirS和nosZ）丰度对外源N输入的响应。我们的分析包括来自116份陆地生态系统出版物的325项观测结果。氮输入增加显著增加了AOA（+ 24.6%）、AOB（+ 103%）、nirS（+ 31.2%）、nirK（+ 26.4%）和nosZ（+ 24.0%）基因的丰度。不同氮素形态对氮循环基因的影响受土壤pH的调节。在不同氮素形态和土壤pH水平范围内，AOB对N添加的响应显著。无机氮和尿素对酸性土壤AOA的影响最大，而有机肥对酸性土壤AOA的影响最大。nirS基因对有机氮添加的响应在很大的土壤pH范围内都很明显，而nirK基因主要对酸性和中性土壤有响应。在中性土壤中，无机氮同样影响nirS和nirK基因的丰度；而在酸性土壤中，无机氮显著降低了nirS基因丰度，提高了nirK基因丰度。尿素显著提高了酸性土壤和中性土壤中nirS和nirK基因的丰度。有机氮和无机氮显著增加了中性和碱性土壤nosZ基因丰度，而尿素对nosZ无显著影响。该荟萃分析提供了对不同pH水平土壤中N循环基因对各种N形态的响应的全面了解，为完善减少温室气体排放和改善陆地生态系统N管理的策略提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of black soldier fly larval frass addition on the winter wheat ecosystem: a mesocosm experiment 添加黑虻幼虫草对冬小麦生态系统影响的中生态试验

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103734

Anton A. Goncharov , Alexander I. Bastrakov , Olga L. Makarova , Kirill A. Mashkov , Valentina N. Maygurova , Mikhail M. Karpukhin , Maksim I. Kartashov , Natalia A. Kuznetsova , Ivan V. Sotnikov , Ivan D. Tsvelev , Azida K. Tkhakakhova , Renat V. Khusainov , Nina A. Ushakova

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) larval (BSFL) frass demonstrated a pronounced inhibitory effect in vitro on isolates of the soil-borne phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt. No studies have examined the influence of BSFL frass on Fusarium wilt in crops. To address this gap, we conducted a mesocosm experiment to assess the efficacy of BSFL frass (200 g m⁻²) added during two different stages of winter wheat seedling growth (simultaneously with sowing or at the tillering stage) on four parameters (study outcomes) that describe the development of Fusarium wilt: plant dry mass, Fusarium wilt incidence, number of Fusarium spp. gene copies in the soil, and biomass of Fusarium spp. in the soil. Soil chemical properties and abundance of key soil invertebrates (Nematoda, Acari and Collembola) were measured to describe mechanisms. Fusarium spp. biomass increased 132 % in the later BSFL frass addition treatment compared to the control (soil without BSFL frass amendment). Fusarium wilt incidence decreased non-significantly in both early (3 %) and later (8 %) addition treatments. Plant dry mass increased 27 % in the early addition treatment, while soil phosphorus concentration increased 21 % in the later addition treatment. Bacterial feeding and predatory nematodes increased 106 % and 65 %, respectively, in the later addition treatment. Mycophagous Acari increased 106 % in the early addition treatment, while predatory Acari showed five-fold growth in later addition treatments. The main mechanism of BSFL frass influence appears to be promoting saprotrophic mycobiota and increasing soluble phosphorus availability for plants.

黑兵蝇（Hermetia illucens）幼虫（BSFL）粗草对枯萎病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）的分离株有明显的体外抑制作用。目前还没有研究表明BSFL对作物枯萎病的影响。为了解决这一空白，我们进行了一项中效试验，以评估在冬小麦幼苗生长的两个不同阶段（与播种同时或分蘖阶段）添加BSFL草（200 g m−2）对描述枯萎病发展的四个参数（研究结果）的有效性：植株干质量、枯萎病发病率、土壤中枯萎病基因拷贝数和土壤中枯萎病生物量。土壤化学性质和关键土壤无脊椎动物（线虫、蜱螨和弹线虫）的丰度被测量来描述机制。与对照（未添加BSFL杂化剂的土壤）相比，添加BSFL杂化剂后镰刀菌生物量增加了132%。早期（3%）和后期（8%）添加处理的枯萎病发病率均无显著下降。早期添加处理使植株干质量增加27%，后期添加处理使土壤磷浓度增加21%。细菌摄食线虫和掠食性线虫分别增加106%和65%。在早期添加处理中，孢子螨的数量增加了106%，而在后期添加处理中，孢子螨的数量增加了5倍。BSFL对植物影响的主要机制是促进腐坏菌群和提高植物的可溶性磷有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Variations in rainfall reduce the contribution of soil fauna to litter decomposition in subtropical mixed forests 降雨变化降低了亚热带混交林土壤动物对凋落物分解的贡献

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103733

Jian Feng , Yunxing Bai , Yunchao Zhou , Haiyang Guan , Manyi Fan , Yaoxiong Wang , Fenghua Tang , Yang Peng

The impacts of global climate change on terrestrial ecosystems are becoming increasingly obvious, particularly changes in rainfall patterns, which directly affect nutrient cycling in forest detrital-based food webs. However, how soil fauna affects litter decomposition and nutrient release under changing rainfall patterns remains to be further studied. We set up litterbag experiments in pure stands of Pinus massoniana (PM) and in mixed forests (PM + Bretschneidera sinensis, PM + Cercidiphyllum japonicum, PM + Taxus wallichiana, and PM + Nageia nagi) in subtropical China to determine how changes in rainfall, such as a 30 % increase or decrease and natural rainfall, affect litter decomposition by soil fauna. Our results indicated that although the effects of increased (promoting effect) and decreased rainfall (inhibiting effect) on the abundance and diversity of soil fauna in mixed litter varied, precipitation changes significantly reduce the contribution of soil fauna to litter decomposition. Compared to natural rainfall quantities, the increase and decrease in rainfall prolonged the time required for 95 % decomposition of litter by 9.93–37.24 % and 32.38–77.07 %, respectively. Soil fauna mitigated the inhibitory effect of reduced rainfall on carbon release from mixed litter, whereas in the case of increased rainfall, the enhanced release of nutrients such as carbon, phosphorus, and potassium from the litter is not attributed to soil fauna. Moreover, the effect of soil fauna on decomposition rates was more obvious in single litter, but rainfall variability had a greater impact on mixed litter. Rainfall changes were an indirect driver of litter decomposition rates, mediating soil fauna and nutrient release. This study demonstrates that litter decomposition is inhibited by changes in rainfall, which also reduces the contribution of soil fauna to litter decomposition. This adds new perspectives and insights for future research on material cycling and decomposer diversity protection in forest systems under climate change.

全球气候变化对陆地生态系统的影响日益明显，特别是降雨模式的变化，直接影响以森林碎屑为基础的食物网的养分循环。然而，在降雨模式变化下，土壤动物对凋落物分解和养分释放的影响仍有待进一步研究。在中国亚热带马尾松（PM）纯林分和混交林（PM + Bretschneidera sinensis、PM + Cercidiphyllum japonicum、PM + Taxus wallicana和PM + Nageia nagia）中设置了凋落物袋试验，以确定降雨量变化（如增减30%和自然降雨量）对土壤动物分解凋落物的影响。结果表明，虽然降水增加（促进作用）和减少（抑制作用）对混合凋落物土壤动物丰度和多样性的影响不同，但降水变化显著降低了土壤动物对凋落物分解的贡献。与自然降雨量相比，降雨量的增加和减少使凋落物95%分解所需时间分别延长了9.93 ~ 37.24%和32.38 ~ 77.07%。土壤动物减轻了降雨减少对混合凋落物碳释放的抑制作用，而在降雨增加的情况下，凋落物中碳、磷、钾等养分释放的增加不归因于土壤动物。土壤动物对单一凋落物分解速率的影响更明显，而降雨变率对混合凋落物的影响更大。降雨变化是凋落物分解速率、调节土壤动物和养分释放的间接驱动因素。研究表明，降雨的变化抑制了凋落物的分解，也降低了土壤动物对凋落物分解的贡献。这为未来气候变化下森林系统物质循环和分解者多样性保护的研究提供了新的视角和见解。

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引用次数: 0

Ant community composition defines nest mound dynamics across successional stages in desert restoration 蚁群组成决定了荒漠恢复演替阶段的巢丘动态

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103731

Lei Zhou , Rentao Liu , Marcelo Sternberg , Hui An , Jiancai Sun , Feiyue Zeng

Ants play critical roles as ecosystem engineers in desert environments. This study investigates how ant community composition and diversity influence mound morphology and spatial distribution across a succession of revegetated areas in the Tengger Desert, China. We examined four stages of revegetation—5 years (5a), 8 years (8a), 34 years (34a), and 57 years (57a)—representing different stages in the successional process. Using a combination of sampling techniques, we found that ant abundance peaked in intermediate stages (8 years), while α and β diversity increased linearly with succession. Mound density and size decreased significantly after 34 years, and spatial distribution shifted from aggregated patterns in early and intermediate stages to a uniform distribution in the later stage (57 years). Notably, β diversity and the abundance of the dominant species, Formica cunicularia, were key drivers of these changes. This study highlights the importance of β diversity in influencing ecosystem engineering processes during long-term successional stages. These findings provide a theoretical basis for future restoration strategies that integrate ant community dynamics in desertified ecosystems.

蚂蚁在沙漠环境中扮演着生态系统工程师的重要角色。研究了腾格里沙漠不同复植区蚂蚁群落组成和多样性对土丘形态和空间分布的影响。我们研究了5年（5a）、8年（8a）、34年（34a）和57年（57a） 4个阶段的植被恢复，它们代表了演替过程的不同阶段。结合采样技术，我们发现蚂蚁丰度在中期（8年）达到峰值，而α和β多样性随演替线性增加。34 a后土丘密度和大小显著减小，空间分布由早期和中期的聚集型向后期（57 a）的均匀分布转变。β的多样性和优势种塑木（Formica cunicularia）的丰度是这些变化的主要驱动因素。该研究强调了β多样性在长期演替阶段影响生态系统工程过程中的重要性。这些发现为未来在沙漠化生态系统中整合蚂蚁群落动态的恢复策略提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

The making of a (soil) star: phylogenetic relationships of the genus Lumbricus with insight into its evolution and biogeography 一颗（土壤）星的形成：蚓属的系统发育关系及其进化和生物地理学的见解

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103732

Daniel F. Marchán , Alejandro Martínez Navarro , Manuel Aira , Thibaud Decaëns , Sylvain Gérard , Jorge Domínguez

The widely distributed earthworm genus Lumbricus exhibits significant ecological and morphological diversity, playing essential roles in soil ecosystems. This study presents a comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the genus, incorporating eighteen taxa and four mitochondrial and anuclear marker. The aim was to clarify the phylogenetic relationships within Lumbricus and examine the evolutionary trajectory of bioturbation behaviour and geographic origins.

Phylogenetic analyses revealed three major clades within Lumbricus, with Lumbricus baicalensis emerging as the earliest branching species. Evolutionary relationships suggested that the common ancestor of the genus was an epigeic litter dweller, with epi-anecic traits appearing later in their evolutionary history. Ancestral area reconstruction indicated that the genus originated in France and Central Europe, aligning with previous hypotheses of an Alpine origin. Molecular phylogenetics reinforced the monophyly of the genus, confirming the species status of previously unassessed taxa, such as Lumbricus meliboeus and Lumbricus polyphemus. Additionally, high genetic divergence was found between some infraspecific taxa, suggesting that Lumbricus castaneus var. disjunctus and Lumbricus rubellus castaneoides may represent pseudocryptic species. Previous hypotheses about the giant endemic species Lumbricus badensis evolving from a common ancestor with Lumbricus friendi around the Last Glacial Maximum were not supported by our results.

These findings contributed an evolutionary and biogeographic background to understand the current ecology and distribution of invasive Lumbricus species such as Lumbricus terrestris or Lumbricus castaneus, potentially opening the way to improved management of these impactful species.

蚓属蚯蚓分布广泛，具有显著的生态和形态多样性，在土壤生态系统中起着重要作用。本研究提出了一个全面的分子系统发育属，包括18个分类群和4个线粒体和核标记。目的是澄清在蚓内的系统发育关系，并检查生物扰动行为和地理起源的进化轨迹。系统发育分析揭示了蚓科的三个主要分支，其中黄芩是最早的分支种。进化关系表明，该属的共同祖先是后生凋落物居民，后生特征出现在他们的进化史上较晚。祖先区域重建表明，该属起源于法国和中欧，与先前的阿尔卑斯起源假说一致。分子系统发育强化了该属的单一性，证实了以前未被评估的分类群，如Lumbricus meliboeus和Lumbricus polyphemus的物种地位。此外，在一些种下分类群之间发现了高度的遗传差异，表明麻条蚓和麻条蚓可能是假隐种。先前关于巨型特有物种巴氏Lumbricus badensis是在末次盛冰期前后与友氏Lumbricus friendi由共同祖先进化而来的假设，并没有得到我们研究结果的支持。这些发现为了解陆生蚓（Lumbricus terrestris）和castaneus等入侵蚓类物种的生态和分布提供了进化和生物地理背景，为改善这些有影响的物种的管理开辟了道路。

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引用次数: 0

The influences of iron plaque on nitrogen emissions from paddy soils under different water management practices 不同水分管理方式下水稻土铁膜对氮排放的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103730

Ting Liu , Mengting Liu , Zixian Zhang , Jinzhi Yao , Shuping Qin , Rongzhong Guo , Xiao Xiao

Iron plaque (IP), commonly found on rice roots, influences nitrogen emissions, particularly nitrous oxide (N₂O) and dinitrogen (N₂) gases, under different water management practices. However, the mechanisms underlying this influence remain unclear. In this study, the cylinder-in-cylinder method was employed to determine nitrogen emissions from rice soils under alternate wetting and drying or continuous flooding conditions in a laboratory pot experiment. The effects of iron plaque on N₂O and N₂ emissions were investigated. It was found that iron plaque increased N₂O and N₂ emissions, particularly under continuous flooding conditions. The abundance of nosZ gene was positively related to N₂ emission, and the relationship was significant under continuous flooding condition (p ≤ 0.05). The presence of iron plaque increased the richness of nirS- and nosZ-type denitrifiers (p ≤ 0.001) and led to alteration in denitrifier community composition. Specifically, the relative abundance of Pseudomonas was increased (p ≤ 0.001), which probably influenced N₂O and N₂ emissions. These findings help to better understand the effects of iron plaque on N emissions from agricultural ecosystems.

铁斑（IP）常见于水稻根系，在不同的水管理做法下影响氮排放，特别是一氧化二氮（N2O）和二氮（N2）气体。然而，这种影响背后的机制尚不清楚。本研究在室内盆栽试验中，采用缸内法测定水稻土壤在干湿交替或连续淹水条件下的氮排放。研究了铁膜对N2O和N2排放的影响。研究发现，铁斑块增加了N2O和N2的排放，特别是在连续淹水条件下。nosZ基因丰度与N2排放呈正相关，且在连续淹水条件下关系显著（p≤0.05）。铁斑块的存在增加了nirS-和nosz型反硝化菌的丰富度（p≤0.001），并导致反硝化菌群落组成的改变。具体来说，假单胞菌的相对丰度增加（p≤0.001），这可能影响了N2O和N2的排放。这些发现有助于更好地了解铁斑块对农业生态系统氮排放的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Drought and litter quality effects on the contribution of soil fauna to decomposition in a Mediterranean forest 干旱和凋落物质量对地中海森林土壤动物分解贡献的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103729

Francisco L. Villazón-Orozco , Miquel Ferrín , Laura Márquez , Jordi Sardans , Romà Ogaya , Josep Peñuelas , Guille Peguero

Soil animals accelerate leaf litter decomposition and nutrient mobilization; however, the combined effects of drought and litter quality on their contributions to these key ecosystem processes remain underexplored. We investigated the effects of experimental drought and litter quality on soil fauna communities’ contributions to leaf litter decomposition in a Mediterranean forest. Leaf litter from Quercus ilex and Phillyrea latifolia, was incubated for one year in litterbags with varying mesh sizes across eight 150-m² plots; half received long-term drought treatment. We measured litter biomass loss in each litterbag, leaf litterfall, nitrogen concentrations in leaves and litter, photosynthetically active radiation at each plot. Soil mesofauna were sampled three times during litterbag incubation. Our results showed that litter mass loss was greater for P. latifolia under experimental drought, while no significant differences were found in controlled conditions. Soil animals generally preferred P. latifolia over Q. ilex in both treatments, although overall contribution to litter decomposition was slightly lower under drought. Light extinction rate was lower in drought plots with reduced canopy height, indicating potential degradation of lignin and cellulose by solar radiation. Litter of P. latifolia contained higher nitrogen concentrations than Q. ilex, attributed to its lower resorption efficiency, possibly explaining its preference by soil fauna detritivores. Drought significantly impacted soil mesofauna abundance, reducing their density by 37.9 %. Our research indicates that direct impacts of drought on soil fauna communities might constrain their ability to facilitate litter decomposition, hindering their capacity to counteract nutrient cycling slowdown in Mediterranean ecosystems amid ongoing climate change.

土壤动物加速凋落叶分解和养分动员；然而，干旱和凋落物质量对这些关键生态系统过程贡献的综合影响仍未得到充分探讨。研究了干旱和凋落物质量对地中海森林土壤动物群落凋落叶分解的影响。在8个150-m2的地块上，用不同网目大小的凋落物袋孵育栎树和白杨凋落叶1年；一半接受长期干旱治疗。我们测量了每个凋落物袋的凋落物生物量损失、凋落叶、叶片和凋落叶中的氮浓度以及每个地块的光合有效辐射。在垃圾袋孵育期间，对土壤中系动物进行了三次取样。结果表明，干旱条件下，林分凋落物质量损失较大，而干旱条件下，林分凋落物质量损失不显著。尽管土壤动物对凋落物分解的总体贡献在干旱条件下略低，但在两种处理下，土壤动物总体上更喜欢阔叶林而不是冬青。在冠层高度降低的干旱样地，光消率较低，表明木质素和纤维素可能受到太阳辐射的降解。阔叶林凋落物氮含量高于冬青，这可能是由于阔叶林的吸收效率较低，这可能是土壤动物对阔叶林的偏好。干旱显著影响了土壤中游动物的丰度，使其密度减少了37.9%。我们的研究表明，干旱对土壤动物群落的直接影响可能会限制它们促进凋落物分解的能力，阻碍它们在持续气候变化的地中海生态系统中抵消养分循环减缓的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Regulation of soil microorganisms and phosphorus cycling genes on soil phosphorus availability in desert steppe under warming and phosphorus input 增温和磷输入下荒漠草原土壤微生物和磷循环基因对土壤磷有效性的调控

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103728

Lingxia Feng , Bing Cao

Climate warming can directly or indirectly influence soil phosphorus (P) availability. Soil microorganisms are essential driving forces of P cycling. However, how the soil microbes and P cycling genes respond to variations in soil P availability on climate warming in the P-limited desert steppe is unclear. In this study, we conducted a field experiment using two temperature levels (control, warming) and three P fertilizer addition rates (0, 5, 10 g P m⁻²·yr⁻¹) in the desert steppe. Microbiological and metagenomic analyses were used to explore the shifts in the relative abundance and compositions of soil microbial and P cycling genes in response to warming and P inputs. The results demonstrated that warming decreased soil labile P (7.04 %) by reducing the percentages of resin-P, NaHCO₃-Pi, and HCl-Pi in inorganic P (Pi). P inputs significantly increased soil TP, MBP, Pi, and inorganic P fractions contents, and further enhanced soil labile P (1.27–3.55 times), moderately labile P (7.04–17.59 %), and stable P (4.23-10.47 %). The interaction of warming and P addition increased NaHCO₃-Pi, the percentages of NaHCO₃-Pi in Pi, and improved soil labile P (1.68–2.05 times) and stable P (5.38–10.38 %). Soil P availability was mainly regulated by TP and MBP, which were positively correlated with the organic P mineralization gene (phnW). Our findings indicated that soil bacteria and fungi did not alter in response to changes in P availability under warming and P input. The phnW gene played an essential role in regulating soil P availability in the desert steppe.

气候变暖会直接或间接影响土壤中磷（P）的供应。土壤微生物是磷循环的重要驱动力。然而，在磷有限的荒漠草原上，土壤微生物和磷循环基因如何应对气候变暖带来的土壤磷供应量变化尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们在荒漠大草原上进行了一项田间试验，采用了两种温度水平（对照、变暖）和三种钾肥添加率（0、5、10 克 P m-2-yr-1）。通过微生物学和元基因组分析，探讨了土壤微生物和钾循环基因的相对丰度和组成随气候变暖和钾输入而发生的变化。结果表明，气候变暖降低了无机磷（Pi）中树脂-P、NaHCO3-Pi 和 HCl-Pi 的比例，从而减少了土壤中的可溶性磷（7.04%）。钾的输入明显增加了土壤中 TP、MBP、Pi 和无机钾组分的含量，并进一步提高了土壤中的可溶性钾（1.27-3.55 倍）、中度可溶性钾（7.04-17.59 %）和稳定钾（4.23-10.47 %）。增温和添加磷的交互作用增加了 NaHCO3-Pi、NaHCO3-Pi 在 Pi 中的百分比，并改善了土壤的可溶性磷（1.68-2.05 倍）和稳定磷（5.38-10.38 %）。土壤钾的可利用性主要受 TP 和 MBP 的调节，而 TP 和 MBP 与有机钾矿化基因（phnW）呈正相关。我们的研究结果表明，土壤细菌和真菌并没有随着气候变暖和磷输入量的变化而改变。phnW基因在调节荒漠草原土壤P供应量方面发挥了重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Soil potentially toxic elements promote carbon metabolism in alpine meadows on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau 青藏高原高寒草甸土壤潜在有毒元素促进碳代谢

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103727

Sichen Pan , Caiyun Luo , Xin Chen , Dongdong Chen , Qi Li , Fuquan He , Yukun Zhang , Li Zhang , Liang Zhao

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) of soil are crucial for sustaining the equilibrium of grassland "vegetation-soil-microorganism" systems and influencing terrestrial biogeochemical cycles. This study investigated how PTEs influence microbial community structure and carbon metabolism by comparing soil microbial differences under fencing enclosure (FE), winter grazing (WG), and artificial unicast oat (AU) management practices. This was done in alpine meadows using metagenomic sequencing techniques. The results indicated that management measures significantly changed the distribution of the Cr, Hg, and As, with Cr and As being the highest in AU and Hg being the highest in FE. In the purine metabolic pathway, Hg had a significant positive effect on soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) metabolism, which was catabolized by the prokaryote Chloroflexi and the fungal organism Chytridiomycota during guanosine triphosphate (GTP) catabolism and xanthosine monophosphate (XMP) synthesis to promote soil SMBC cycling. Cr had a significant negative effect on soil organic carbon (SOC) and SMBC metabolism during the synthesis of xanthonsine, urate, 5-hydroxy-2-oxo-4-ureido-2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate and CO₂. Additionally, the enrichment and decomposition of Cr by the prokaryotic organisms Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, inhibited SMBC and SOC transformation and affected soil CO₂ emissions. Further, by comparing resistance genes, it was found that alpine meadows were more resistant to Hg and Cr and that fungal organisms were more tolerant to Cr than prokaryotes. Overall, Cr and Hg interact with microorganisms to influence SOC and SMBC metabolic processes and have a positive effect on carbon sequestration in alpine meadows.

土壤潜在有毒元素对维持草地“植被-土壤-微生物”系统平衡和影响陆地生物地球化学循环至关重要。本研究通过比较围栏（FE）、冬季放牧（WG）和人工单播燕麦（AU）管理方式下土壤微生物的差异，探讨了pte对微生物群落结构和碳代谢的影响。这是在高山草甸中使用宏基因组测序技术完成的。结果表明，管理措施显著改变了Cr、Hg和As的分布，其中Cr和As在AU中最高，Hg在FE中最高。在嘌呤代谢途径中，Hg对土壤微生物生物量碳（SMBC）代谢有显著的正向影响，在三磷酸鸟苷（GTP）分解代谢和单磷酸黄嘌呤（XMP）合成过程中，汞被原核生物Chloroflexi和真菌生物Chytridiomycota分解代谢，促进土壤SMBC循环。在黄嘌呤、尿酸、5-羟基-2-氧-4-脲基-2,5-二氢- 1h -咪唑-5-羧酸盐和CO2的合成过程中，Cr对土壤有机碳（SOC）和SMBC代谢有显著的负影响。此外，原核生物Proteobacteria和Verrucomicrobia对Cr的富集和分解抑制了SMBC和SOC的转化，并影响了土壤CO2的排放。此外，通过对抗性基因的比较，发现高寒草甸对汞和铬的抗性更强，真菌生物对铬的耐受性优于原核生物。总体而言，Cr和Hg与微生物相互作用，影响高寒草甸土壤有机碳和SMBC代谢过程，对碳固存具有积极作用。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in microbial communities in biological soil crusts along an altitudinal gradient in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau 青藏高原东北部生物土壤结皮微生物群落沿海拔梯度的变化

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY

European Journal of Soil Biology

Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2025.103726

Yuan Zhang , Benli Liu , Jianjun Qu

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) cover approximately 12 % of the earth's terrestrial surface and play vital ecological roles in various dry habitats. However, most research on BSCs has focused on deserts in arid and semi-arid regions, with limited studies on BSCs under sensitive, fragile, and cold conditions, such as those found in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Notably, investigations into the complete successional stages of BSCs in these regions are exceedingly rare. In this study, we examined four successional stages of BSCs across five sites at elevations ranging from 2862 to 4274 m in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the bacterial, fungal, and archaeal communities in the soil, and their diversity, interactions, spatial distribution patterns, and influencing factors were investigated. Our results indicated that in alpine degraded grassland ecosystems, the altitude gradient played a significant role in shaping the distribution patterns of microbial communities during the succession of BSCs. At lower elevations (2862–3405 m), the successional patterns of α-diversity for the three microbial communities were relatively consistent. In contrast, α-diversity patterns at higher altitudes showed greater variability. Differences in bacterial composition between high-altitude areas (3760 m and 4274 m) increased with the development and succession of BSCs, while the differences between low-altitude areas (2862 m and 3405 m) showed opposite trend. The differences in fungal composition across all altitude regions gradually decreased with the succession of BSCs. Additionally, bacterial and fungal composition demonstrated more distinct altitudinal zonation characteristics compared to archaea. Within the bacterial, fungal, or archaeal communities, mutualistic interactions were stronger than competitive interactions, facilitating adaptation to the harsh high-altitude environment. Furthermore, mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, pH, and sand content collectively influenced the microbial community distribution patterns in alpine degraded grassland ecosystems. Our research provides scientific references for the distribution and resource protection of BSCs in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

生物土壤结皮（BSCs）约占地球陆地表面的12%，在各种干旱生境中起着重要的生态作用。然而，对BSCs的研究大多集中在干旱和半干旱地区的沙漠，对青藏高原等敏感、脆弱和寒冷条件下的BSCs的研究很少。值得注意的是，对这些地区BSCs完整演替阶段的研究极为罕见。本文研究了青藏高原东北部海拔2862 ~ 4274 m的5个样地BSCs的4个演替阶段。利用高通量测序技术对土壤中细菌、真菌和古细菌群落进行了分析，探讨了它们的多样性、相互作用、空间分布格局及其影响因素。研究结果表明，在高寒退化草地生态系统中，海拔梯度对BSCs演替过程中微生物群落的分布格局具有重要影响。在较低海拔（2862 ~ 3405 m）， 3个微生物群落α-多样性的演替格局较为一致。海拔越高，α-多样性变化越大。高海拔地区（3760 m和4274 m）细菌组成差异随着BSCs的发育演替而增大，低海拔地区（2862 m和3405 m）细菌组成差异呈相反趋势。随着BSCs的演替，不同海拔地区真菌组成的差异逐渐减小。此外，与古细菌相比，细菌和真菌组成表现出更明显的高度分带特征。在细菌、真菌或古细菌群落中，互惠相互作用强于竞争相互作用，促进了对恶劣高海拔环境的适应。年平均降水量、年平均气温、pH和含沙量共同影响高寒退化草地生态系统微生物群落的分布格局。本研究为青藏高原BSCs的分布及资源保护提供了科学参考。

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引用次数: 0