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Parental impact on adherence of young children to 24-h movement behaviour guidelines: the Czech FAMIly Physical Activity, Sedentary behaviour and Sleep study. 父母对幼儿遵守24小时运动行为指南的影响:捷克家庭体育活动、久坐行为和睡眠研究。
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae224
Dagmar Sigmundová, Michal Vorlíček, Jaroslava Voráčová, Jan Dygrýn, Erik Sigmund

Human movement behaviour typically unfolds in 24-h cycles, with children being additionally influenced by their parents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the adherence of 3-10-year-old children to the World Health Organization's (WHO) 24-h movement behaviour guidelines in relation to the behaviours of their mothers/fathers. Data from the Czech cross-sectional FAMIly Physical Activity, Sedentary behaviour and Sleep study included 381 families (with at least one child aged 3-10 years) from urban and rural areas across all three regions of Czechia. Twenty four-hour movement behaviour (sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity) was monitored using ActiGraph accelerometers placed on the non-dominant wrists of children and their parents for seven consecutive days. Children's adherence to the WHO guidelines was analysed using logistic regression analysis. 25.9% of girls and 26.7% of boys simultaneously met all three 24-h movement behaviour guidelines (sleep + sedentary + physical activity), and 44.7% of girls and 46.1% of boys met any combination of two of the three guidelines, regardless of the children's gender, weight, or calendar age. Maternal overweight/obesity significantly (P = .05) decreased the odds of children achieving at least two of the three guidelines, while parental university education and maternal adherence to at least two of the three guidelines significantly (P = .05) increased the odds of children complying with these guidelines. Parents, especially mothers, play an important role in influencing their children in meeting 24-h movement behaviour guidelines and in shaping a healthy lifestyle.

人类的运动行为通常以24小时为周期展开,孩子们还会受到父母的影响。因此,本研究的目的是调查3-10岁儿童对世界卫生组织(WHO) 24小时运动行为准则的遵守情况及其母亲/父亲的行为。来自捷克横断面家庭身体活动、久坐行为和睡眠研究的数据包括来自捷克所有三个地区的城市和农村地区的381个家庭(至少有一个3-10岁的孩子)。24小时的运动行为(睡眠、久坐行为和身体活动)通过连续7天放置在儿童及其父母非优势手腕上的ActiGraph加速计进行监测。使用logistic回归分析分析儿童对世卫组织指南的遵守情况。25.9%的女孩和26.7%的男孩同时满足所有三项24小时运动行为准则(睡眠+久坐+体育活动),44.7%的女孩和46.1%的男孩满足三项准则中的任意两项的组合,无论儿童的性别、体重或日历年龄如何。母亲超重/肥胖显著(P = 0.05)降低了儿童达到三条指南中至少两条的几率,而父母的大学教育和母亲遵守三条指南中至少两条的显著(P = 0.05)增加了儿童遵守这些指南的几率。父母,特别是母亲,在影响子女遵守24小时运动行为准则和形成健康的生活方式方面发挥着重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the diversity of zoonotic bacterial agents in rodents and small mammals in Iran. 评估伊朗啮齿动物和小型哺乳动物人畜共患细菌病原体的多样性。
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae132
Niloofar Rezaie, Mina Latifian, Ahmad Ghasemi, Ahmad Mahmoudi, Neda Baseri, Amir Hossein Omidi, Parisa Esmaeili, Saber Esmaeili, Ehsan Mostafavi

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of zoonotic bacteria, including Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella spp., Rickettsia spp., Brucella spp., Borrelia spp., and Ehrlichia spp., among small mammalian in Iran. We examined 618 small mammals collected between 2016 and 2020 from different parts of Iran. We extracted DNA from spleen samples and used quantitative real-time PCR to identify specific genes. We found 559 (90.45%) samples infected with at least one of the analyzed pathogens. Among the studied specimens, 86.08% tested positive for Bartonella spp., 2.42% for Ehrlichia spp., 0.80% for Borrelia spp., 0.64% for C. burnetii, 0.48% for Brucella spp., and 0% for Rickettsia spp. Bartonella krasnovii (25.81%) and Bartonella taylorii (25.81%) were the most prevalent among the Bartonella species. This study identified a rodent infected with Brucella abortus. Among the Borrelia-positive samples, four out of five were identified as Borrelia duttonii. Among the positive cases in the Ehrlichia genus, Ehrlichia canis, Candidatus Ehrlichia shimanensis, and Neoehrlichia mikurensis were identified. Meriones persicus was the most prevalent captured rodent with 315 specimens (51.22%). Our study revealed that a large proportion of the small mammals analyzed were infected with one or more of the targeted pathogens. M. persicus exhibited significant infection rates with C. burnetii, Bartonella spp., Ehrlichia spp., Brucella spp., and Borrelia spp. This suggests that this rodent species could serve as a crucial reservoir for zoonotic pathogens in Iran.

本研究的目的是评估伊朗小型哺乳动物中人畜共患细菌的流行情况,包括伯氏柯谢氏菌、巴尔通体、立克次体、布鲁氏菌、伯氏疏螺旋体和埃利希氏体。我们研究了2016年至2020年间从伊朗不同地区收集的618种小型哺乳动物。我们从脾脏样本中提取DNA,并使用实时荧光定量PCR技术鉴定特异性基因。我们发现559份(90.45%)样本感染了至少一种分析病原体。巴尔通体阳性率为86.08%,埃利希氏体阳性率为2.42%,伯氏疏螺旋体阳性率为0.80%,伯氏疏螺旋体阳性率为0.64%,布鲁氏疏螺旋体阳性率为0.48%,立克次体阳性率为0%,其中以克拉氏巴尔通体(25.81%)和泰氏巴尔通体(25.81%)居多。本研究鉴定了一种感染流产布鲁氏菌的啮齿动物。在伯氏疏螺旋体阳性样本中,5个样本中有4个被鉴定为杜托尼伯氏疏螺旋体。在埃立克体属的阳性病例中,检出犬埃立克体、岛曼候选埃立克体和米库伦新埃立克体。以捕鼠最多的是桃梗鼠,共捕获315只(51.22%);我们的研究表明,分析的大部分小型哺乳动物感染了一种或多种目标病原体。在伊朗,鼠疫鼠对伯氏体、巴尔通体、埃利希体、布鲁氏体和伯氏体的感染率显著高于其他啮齿动物,这表明该啮齿动物可能是人畜共患病原体的重要宿主。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiological pattern of dengue fever in Afghanistan in the period 2021-22. 2021- 2022年阿富汗登革热流行病学格局。
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae116
Mohamed M Tahoun, Mohammad O Mashal, Abdul Rahman Laiq, Abdul Wahid Amiri, Sherein T A Elnossery, Marwa Rashad Salem, Nelly S Hegazy, Sherif E Eldeeb, Fazal Elahi Alizai, Ehsanullah Misbah, Jamshed A Tanoli, Alaa H Abouzeid

Dengue fever is considered as an emerging disease in Afghanistan. Since the first outbreak was reported in 2019, other outbreaks have been reported in the following years. The current study aims to describe the epidemiological features and clinical manifestations of suspected and confirmed cases of dengue fever detected by the National Disease Surveillance and Response (NDSR) Department of the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) during 2021 and 2022 to prevent further spread and minimize its impact on the country's health system and on the limited number of health workers. Through a retrospective analysis of historical data related to suspected dengue fever cases in Afghanistan detected by the National Disease Surveillance and Response Department during 2021 and 2022, several variables were identified, including demographic characteristics, clinical features, clinical management, the outcome of infection, laboratory data, and epidemiological factors. All statistical analyses were developed using Microsoft 365 (Excel). The mean age of the 1977 reported suspected dengue fever cases was 30.4 ± 14.9 years, with males 70.7%. The epidemic curve showed a steep rise in cases in 2022, starting from week 39, with a peak reached in week 45, which was higher than that observed in 2021. The majority of cases (97.9%) were reported from Nangarhar Province, east of the country. Regarding symptoms, fever, headache, and muscle pain were expressed in nearly all cases. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was positive in 379 cases out of 497 cases (76.3%). For the management of cases, 97.6% received antipyretics. Less than 5% of cases were admitted to health care units, with death reported in only two cases (case fatality rate of 0.1%). The number of suspected cases of dengue fever reported in Afghanistan was increasing. The trends for 2021 and 2022 followed almost the same pattern, with a higher peak in 2022. Understanding the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of dengue fever cases is fundamental for preparedness for upcoming seasons.

登革热在阿富汗被认为是一种新出现的疾病。自2019年报告第一次疫情以来,在接下来的几年中报告了其他疫情。本研究旨在描述公共卫生部国家疾病监测和反应司在2021年和2022年期间发现的登革热疑似病例和确诊病例的流行病学特征和临床表现,以防止进一步传播并尽量减少其对该国卫生系统和有限数量的卫生工作者的影响。通过对国家疾病监测和应对部在2021年和2022年期间发现的阿富汗登革热疑似病例相关历史数据进行回顾性分析,确定了几个变量,包括人口统计学特征、临床特征、临床管理、感染结果、实验室数据和流行病学因素。所有统计分析均采用Microsoft 365 (Excel)软件进行。1977例疑似登革热病例的平均年龄为30.4±14.9岁,男性占70.7%。疫情曲线显示,2022年病例数从第39周开始急剧上升,在第45周达到峰值,高于2021年。大多数病例(97.9%)报告来自该国东部的楠格哈尔省。在症状方面,几乎所有病例均表现为发热、头痛和肌肉疼痛。497例患者中,逆转录聚合酶链反应阳性379例(76.3%)。97.6%的病例接受了退烧药治疗。不到5%的病例被送往卫生保健单位,仅有2例报告死亡(病死率0.1%)。在阿富汗报告的登革热疑似病例数量正在增加。2021年和2022年的趋势几乎遵循相同的模式,2022年的峰值更高。了解登革热病例的流行病学和临床特征是为即将到来的季节做好准备的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Emerging and re-emerging disease threats in the Middle East and North Africa region-One Health approaches and potential strategies. 中东和北非区域新出现和再出现的疾病威胁——“同一个健康”方针和潜在战略。
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae122
Sean V Shadomy, Shahul H Ebrahim, Sarah Anne J Guagliardo, Liliana Sánchez-González, Kinda Zureick, Julie R Sinclair, Dana A Schneider, Allison T Walker, Daniel C Payne, Antonio R Vieira, Kristin Heitzinger, Audrey Lenhart, Lisa P Oakley, Jacob Clemente, Colin Basler, Charles B Beard, Paige A Armstrong, Heather Burke
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引用次数: 0
Achievement of one health multi-sectoral collaboration in containment of Rift Valley Fever outbreak, Sudan, Red Sea State 2019. 在遏制裂谷热疫情方面实现一次卫生多部门合作,苏丹,2019年红海国。
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae163
Hanadi E Hussein, Sara Hassanain, Patrick Okwarah, Hanan Mohamedahmed, Omer Elbadri, Zaafran Alzaki, Mohamed Hashim, Babiker Magboul

Rift Valley Fever is endemic in Sudan, with a notable outbreak declared in 2019, affecting multiple states. In this study, we examine the Red Sea State, Sudan's experience in applying the One Health approach, to contain Red-Sea RVF outbreak. A retrospective analysis of national and sub-national data and a review of literature were conducted to assess the application of One Health response and to derive lessons learned. The analysis revealed a total of 576 human cases and two deaths, with a case fatality rate of 0.35%, from 25 September 2019 to 25 January 2020. Most cases (99%) were from the Red Sea and River Nile States, and only six sporadic cases were from other five states. The Red Sea State reported 322 human and 74 animal cases, including 74 abortions and 12 animal deaths. Triggers and risk factors include floods, uncontrolled movement of animal, close contact with animals, poor disposal, and unsafe burial practices for animals. One Health approach was utilized all through the defeat of outbreak. A multi-sectoral response plan was implemented, leading to the declaration of the end of the outbreak in 2020 which was reviewed and lessons were derived. One Health approach provided a coordinated action between health, veterinary, and environmental authorities at national and subnational levels. Synergistic efforts have minimized risk of RVF spreading among human and animal. The experience was leveraged to strengthen response approaches for zoonotic diseases. Structural and capacity gaps and financial constraints were identified as implementation challenges.

裂谷热在苏丹流行,2019 年宣布爆发,影响多个州。在本研究中,我们考察了苏丹红海州应用 "一体健康 "方法遏制红海裂谷热疫情的经验。我们对国家和国家以下各级数据进行了回顾性分析,并查阅了相关文献,以评估 "一体健康 "应对措施的应用情况,并总结经验教训。分析结果显示,从 2019 年 9 月 25 日至 2020 年 1 月 25 日,共有 576 例人类病例和 2 例死亡病例,病死率为 0.35%。大多数病例(99%)来自红海州和尼罗河州,只有 6 例零星病例来自其他 5 个州。红海州报告了 322 例人类病例和 74 例动物病例,其中包括 74 例流产和 12 例动物死亡。诱发因素和风险因素包括洪水、不受控制的动物移动、与动物的密切接触、处理不当以及不安全的动物掩埋方法。在战胜疫情的整个过程中,采用了 "统一卫生 "方法。实施了一项多部门应对计划,最终宣布疫情于 2020 年结束,并对该计划进行了审查和总结经验教训。一体卫生 "方法在国家和国家以下各级卫生、兽医和环境当局之间开展了协调行动。协同努力最大限度地降低了 RVF 在人类和动物中传播的风险。这些经验被用来加强应对人畜共患病的方法。结构和能力方面的差距以及财政限制被认为是实施方面的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Perspectives and future directions on the prevention and control of emerging and re-emerging vector-borne and zoonotic diseases: findings from across the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. 预防和控制新出现和再出现的病媒传播疾病和人畜共患疾病的前景和未来方向:来自世卫组织东地中海区域的调查结果。
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae115
Ziad Memish, Shahul H Ebrahim, Richard Brennan, Chiori Kodama, Sundus Haji-Jama, Thomas Mollet, Abdinasir Abubakar
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引用次数: 0
Isolation and characterization of the midgut microbiota of Aedes albopictus to identify suitable candidates for paratransgenesis. 白纹伊蚊中肠微生物群的分离和鉴定,以确定合适的准突变候选物。
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae110
Mersa Darbandsari, Majid Asgari, Mohammad R Abaei, Zahra Ghorbanzadeh, Maryam Derikvand, Patrick Okwarah, Navid Dinparast Djadid, Abbasali Raz

Aedes albopictus is a widely recognized carrier of various pathogens. Its resilient characteristics enable it to easily spread across diverse climates. The microbiota in the midgut of mosquitoes plays a crucial role in the interactions between the host and pathogens and can either enhance or reduce the ability of the insect to transmit diseases. Hence, determining the microorganisms present in the mosquito's digestive system could be a promising approach to developing an effective method of controlling them. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the microbial compositions in the midguts of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes collected from the fields of Sistan and Baluchestan Province. The midguts of 60 female mosquitoes were dissected, and their related bacteria were determined using the culture-dependent method. Different colonies were differentiated using the biochemical tests followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolated bacteria were identified as belonging to the Asaia, Delftia, Serratia, Aeromonas, Paracoccus, and Planomicrobium genera based on biochemical and molecular analysis. The findings obtained in this study were largely consistent with earlier studies conducted on mosquitoes gathered from different regions throughout the world. Overall, the findings could enhance our understanding of the microbial diversity in Ae. albopictus and aid in the identification of a potent and widespread bacterium for the development of a paratransgenesis tool to combat Aedes-borne infectious diseases.

白纹伊蚊是公认的多种病原体的携带者。它的弹性特性使它能够很容易地在不同的气候中传播。蚊子中肠中的微生物群在宿主和病原体之间的相互作用中起着至关重要的作用,可以增强或降低昆虫传播疾病的能力。因此,确定蚊子消化系统中存在的微生物可能是开发有效控制它们的有效方法的有希望的方法。因此,本研究的目的是研究伊蚊中部肠道的微生物组成。在锡斯坦和俾路支斯坦省田野采集白纹伊蚊。本文解剖了60只雌蚊的中肠,采用培养依赖法对其相关细菌进行了检测。通过生化试验和16S rRNA基因测序对不同菌落进行分化。经生化和分子分析,分离得到的细菌属于Asaia属、Delftia属、Serratia属、Aeromonas属、Paracoccus属和Planomicrobium属。这项研究获得的结果与早期对世界各地不同地区收集的蚊子进行的研究在很大程度上是一致的。总的来说,这些发现可以增强我们对伊蚊微生物多样性的理解。白纹伊蚊,并有助于识别一种有效的和广泛分布的细菌,以开发一种对抗伊蚊传播的传染病的副突变工具。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiology, transmission dynamics, risk factors, and future directions of rabies in the Arabian Peninsula using one health approach: a review. 阿拉伯半岛狂犬病流行病学、传播动力学、危险因素及未来发展方向综述
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae164
Md Mazharul Islam, Aisha Naeem, Philip P Mshelbwala, Pronesh Dutta, Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan, Ahmed K Elfadl, Chiori Kodama, Susu M Zughaier, Elmoubashar Farag, Devendra Bansal

Despite global initiatives to eliminate dog-mediated human rabies by 2030, the Arabian Peninsula faces challenges due to insufficient data. This review addresses the current rabies situation and knowledge gaps in the region and proposes One Health interventions. Employing a mixed-method approach combining scoping and systematic review, the study commenced with a Delphi discussion to identify knowledge gaps and set objectives. The literature search encompassed published articles and grey literature. The spatial and temporal distribution of rabies was analysed, alongside quantitative meta-analyses to assess prevalence. Rabies virus gene sequences from the NCBI database were examined for reservoir hosts and evolutionary patterns. The final Delphi discussion with experts focused on addressing knowledge gaps and formulating One Health interventions. The first reported human rabies case in this region occurred in Saudi Arabia in 1980. Yemen reported the highest number of cases (439), followed by Iraq (249), Saudi Arabia (91), Jordan (14), and Oman (9). Fox bites accounted for the most cases (47.4%), followed by dog (36.8%) and wild animal (15.8%) bites. The virus was detected in at least 21 animal species. Phylogenetic analysis detected a single strain with two clades, with foxes being the primary virus reservoir. However, the experts expressed scepticism about the accuracy of rabies reports in scientific literature. To achieve the 2030 goal of eliminating dog-mediated human rabies, a stepwise approach towards rabies elimination assessment is crucial in the region. Enhanced surveillance, awareness campaigns, and access to post exposure prophylaxis are essential to address the disease burden.

尽管全球倡议到2030年消除狗传播的人类狂犬病,但由于数据不足,阿拉伯半岛面临挑战。本综述解决了该地区目前的狂犬病状况和知识差距,并提出了One Health干预措施。采用结合范围界定和系统回顾的混合方法,研究开始于德尔菲讨论,以确定知识差距和设定目标。文献检索包括已发表的文章和灰色文献。分析了狂犬病的时空分布,并进行了定量荟萃分析以评估患病率。研究了来自NCBI数据库的狂犬病毒基因序列,以确定宿主和进化模式。与专家的最后德尔菲讨论侧重于解决知识差距和制定“一个健康”干预措施。本地区报告的首例人类狂犬病病例于1980年在沙特阿拉伯发生。也门报告病例数最多(439例),其次是伊拉克(249例)、沙特阿拉伯(91例)、约旦(14例)和阿曼(9例)。狐狸咬伤病例最多(47.4%),其次是狗咬伤(36.8%)和野生动物咬伤(15.8%)。在至少21种动物中发现了这种病毒。系统发育分析发现一株病毒具有两个进化枝,狐狸是主要的病毒宿主。然而,专家们对科学文献中狂犬病报告的准确性表示怀疑。为实现2030年消除狗介导的人类狂犬病的目标,在该区域采取逐步消除狂犬病评估的方法至关重要。加强监测、提高认识运动和获得接触后预防对于解决疾病负担至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of a Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus human case in Jordan. 约旦一例中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒人间病例的分子诊断和系统发育分析
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae106
Ehab A Abu-Basha, Zuhair B Ismail, Mohammad H Alboom, Ayesha Alkofahi, Basil H Amarneh, Omar Al-Omari, Alaa Fahmawi, Abdullah Alshammari, Mais Lakaideh, Shereen Shaban, Bilal Al-Omari, Hani Talafha, Zaidoun Hijazeen, Yasmin Daradkeh, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Ghazi Kayali, Whitney Bagge, William B Karesh

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an important zoonotic pathogen. The aim of this paper is to report one polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive case of MERS-CoV in a 27-year-old man who was involved in a nationwide longitudinal surveillance study of certain zoonotic diseases in Jordan including MERS-CoV. Whole-blood and nasal swab samples were collected from the man and five camels in the vicinity of his living area. The samples were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to detect MERS-CoV-specific antibodies and MERS-CoV genetic material, respectively. Genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were also performed to detect similarities with known strains of the virus in the region. In January 2021, an ongoing surveillance study detected a MERS-CoV-positive nasal swab sample from an asymptomatic male and camels using RT-PCR. Phylogenetically, the MERS-CoV isolated in this case belonged to clade B and is clustered with other strains originating in the Arabian Peninsula. The case report represents the first PCR-positive case of MERS-CoV in an asymptomatic individual in Jordan, indicating active circulation of the virus within the population.

中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)是一种重要的人畜共患病原体。本文的目的是报告1例聚合酶链反应(PCR)阳性的中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒病例,该病例发生在一名27岁男子身上,他曾参与约旦包括中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒在内的某些人畜共患疾病的全国性纵向监测研究。从该男子及其生活区附近的五头骆驼身上采集了全血和鼻拭子样本。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和实时反转录PCR (RT-PCR)检测MERS-CoV特异性抗体和MERS-CoV遗传物质。还进行了基因组测序和系统发育分析,以发现与该地区已知病毒株的相似性。2021年1月,一项正在进行的监测研究使用RT-PCR技术从一名无症状男性和骆驼身上检测到一例中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒阳性鼻拭子样本。在系统发育上,本病例分离的中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒属于B支,并与源自阿拉伯半岛的其他毒株聚集在一起。该病例报告是约旦无症状个体中首例中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒聚合酶链反应阳性病例,表明该病毒在人群中活跃传播。
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引用次数: 0
An epidemiological risk assessment of imported malaria cases and potential local transmission in Qatar. 卡塔尔输入性疟疾病例和可能的当地传播的流行病学风险评估。
IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae127
Devendra Bansal, Nada Assaad, Hend Omar Mohamed, Muralitharan Shanmugakonar, Dorothy Pacate, Khider Mohamed, Perumal Balakrishnan, Redentor Cuizon Ramiscal, Nandakumar Ganesan, Maha Hammam M A Al-Shamali, Ali A Sultan, Waqar Munir, Mohammed Abukhattab, Francis Schaffner, Muna A Al-Maslamani, Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi, Mohammed Al-Thani, Fatima Al Khayat, Elmoubashar Abd Farag

Preventing local transmission of malaria from imported cases is crucial for achieving and maintaining malaria elimination. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria cases and assess the distribution of malaria vectors in Qatar. Data from January 2016 to December 2022 on imported malaria, including demographic and epidemiological characteristics, travel-related information, and diagnostic results, were collected and analysed using descriptive statistics. Field surveys conducted in 2021-22 collected mosquitoes using various traps across Qatar. The collected samples underwent morphological and molecular characterization at Qatar University. A total of 2693 cases were reported, with a mean incidence of 13.5/100 000 population, decreasing from 18.8/100 000 in 2016 to 5.5/100 000 in 2020. Most cases were Plasmodium vivax (57.4%) followed by P. falciparum (40.4%). The median age was 32.9 ± 12.5 years, primarily males (86.7%), expatriates (99.6%) and notified during the hot months (July to September). Cases were mainly imported from the Eastern Mediterranean Region followed by the African and South-East Asia Region with no deaths and indigenous cases. Anopheles stephensi was identified as a widely distributed species, but none carried the Plasmodium pathogen. Despite no reports of local transmission, the presence of An. stephensi and favourable environmental conditions pose a risk in Qatar. Strengthening surveillance for imported malaria and reviewing epidemic protocols are necessary. Conventional field studies are imperative to address knowledge gaps in Anopheles mosquito ecology and biting habits in Qatar, accurately assessing the risk of local malaria transmission to support Qatar's malaria-free status.

防止输入病例在当地传播疟疾对于实现和维持消除疟疾至关重要。本研究旨在调查卡塔尔输入性疟疾病例的流行病学特征,评估疟疾媒介的分布情况。收集2016年1月至2022年12月输入性疟疾的人口和流行病学特征、旅行相关信息和诊断结果等数据,并采用描述性统计方法进行分析。2021- 2022年进行的实地调查在卡塔尔各地使用各种陷阱收集蚊子。收集的样品在卡塔尔大学进行了形态和分子表征。报告病例2693例,平均发病率为13.5/10万人,由2016年的18.8/10万人下降到2020年的5.5/10万人。以间日疟原虫最多(57.4%),其次为恶性疟原虫(40.4%)。中位年龄为32.9±12.5岁,以男性(86.7%)为主,外籍人士(99.6%)居多,发病时间为7 ~ 9月。病例主要来自东地中海区域,其次是非洲和东南亚区域,无死亡病例和本土病例。斯氏按蚊是分布广泛的一种,但没有携带疟原虫病原体。尽管没有本地传播的报告,但安。斯蒂芬斯和有利的环境条件在卡塔尔构成了风险。加强对输入性疟疾的监测和审查流行病议定书是必要的。传统的实地研究对于解决卡塔尔按蚊生态和叮咬习惯方面的知识空白、准确评估当地疟疾传播的风险以支持卡塔尔的无疟疾地位至关重要。
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European Journal of Public Health
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