Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2300692
Pablo Ryan, Samuel Manzano, Neda Deihim-Rahampour, Guillermo Cuevas, Laura Martin-Gonzalez, Alicia Gonzalez-Baeza, Pedro Torres, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Juan Torres-Macho, Jorge Valencia, Matilde Sanchez-Conde
BackgroundRecent migration trends have shown a notable entry of Latin American asylum seekers to Madrid, Spain.AimTo characterise the profile of asylum-seeking Latin American migrants who are living with HIV in Spain and to outline the barriers they face in accessing HIV treatment.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted between 2022 and 2023 with a 6-month follow-up period. Latin American asylum seekers living with HIV were recruited mainly from non-governmental organisations and received care at an HIV clinic in a public hospital in Madrid.ResultsWe included 631 asylum seekers. The primary countries of origin were Colombia (30%), Venezuela (30%) and Peru (18%). The median age was 32 years (interquartile range (IQR): 28-37), and 553 (88%) were cis men of which 94% were men who have sex with men. Upon their arrival, 49% (n = 309) lacked social support, and 74% (n = 464) faced barriers when attempting to access the healthcare system. Upon entry in Europe, 500 (77%) participants were taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). At their first evaluation at the HIV clinic, only 386 (61%) had continued taking ART and 33% (n = 209) had detectable plasma HIV-1 RNA levels. Six months later, 99% took ART and 98% had achieved an undetectable viral load.ConclusionsLatin American asylum seekers living with HIV in Madrid, Spain encountered barriers to healthcare and to ART. One-third of these individuals presented detectable HIV viral load when assessed in the HIV clinic, highlighting this as an important public health issue.
背景最近的移民趋势显示,拉美寻求庇护者明显进入西班牙马德里。目的了解在西班牙寻求庇护的拉美移民中艾滋病病毒感染者的情况,并概述他们在接受艾滋病治疗时面临的障碍。方法在 2022 年至 2023 年期间开展了一项前瞻性队列研究,并进行了为期 6 个月的随访。拉美寻求庇护者中的艾滋病感染者主要来自非政府组织,他们在马德里一家公立医院的艾滋病诊所接受治疗。主要原籍国为哥伦比亚(30%)、委内瑞拉(30%)和秘鲁(18%)。年龄中位数为 32 岁(四分位数间距(IQR):28-37),553 人(88%)为男性,其中 94% 为男男性行为者。他们抵达欧洲后,49%(n = 309)的人缺乏社会支持,74%(n = 464)的人在试图进入医疗系统时面临障碍。进入欧洲时,500 名(77%)参与者正在接受抗逆转录病毒疗法(ART)。在艾滋病诊所对他们进行首次评估时,只有 386 人(61%)继续接受抗逆转录病毒疗法,33%(n = 209)的血浆中检测到 HIV-1 RNA 水平。结论在西班牙马德里,拉美寻求庇护者中的 HIV 感染者在医疗保健和抗逆转录病毒疗法方面遇到了障碍。这些人中有三分之一在接受 HIV 诊所评估时检测到了 HIV 病毒载量,这凸显了这是一个重要的公共卫生问题。
{"title":"HIV-infected Latin American asylum seekers in Madrid, Spain, 2022: A prospective cohort study from a major gateway in Europe.","authors":"Pablo Ryan, Samuel Manzano, Neda Deihim-Rahampour, Guillermo Cuevas, Laura Martin-Gonzalez, Alicia Gonzalez-Baeza, Pedro Torres, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Juan Torres-Macho, Jorge Valencia, Matilde Sanchez-Conde","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2300692","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2300692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRecent migration trends have shown a notable entry of Latin American asylum seekers to Madrid, Spain.AimTo characterise the profile of asylum-seeking Latin American migrants who are living with HIV in Spain and to outline the barriers they face in accessing HIV treatment.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted between 2022 and 2023 with a 6-month follow-up period. Latin American asylum seekers living with HIV were recruited mainly from non-governmental organisations and received care at an HIV clinic in a public hospital in Madrid.ResultsWe included 631 asylum seekers. The primary countries of origin were Colombia (30%), Venezuela (30%) and Peru (18%). The median age was 32 years (interquartile range (IQR): 28-37), and 553 (88%) were cis men of which 94% were men who have sex with men. Upon their arrival, 49% (n = 309) lacked social support, and 74% (n = 464) faced barriers when attempting to access the healthcare system. Upon entry in Europe, 500 (77%) participants were taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). At their first evaluation at the HIV clinic, only 386 (61%) had continued taking ART and 33% (n = 209) had detectable plasma HIV-1 RNA levels. Six months later, 99% took ART and 98% had achieved an undetectable viral load.ConclusionsLatin American asylum seekers living with HIV in Madrid, Spain encountered barriers to healthcare and to ART. One-third of these individuals presented detectable HIV viral load when assessed in the HIV clinic, highlighting this as an important public health issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11258946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2300661
Maria Siopi, Panagiota-Christina Georgiou, Paschalis Paranos, Maria-Ioanna Beredaki, Aikaterini Tarpatzi, Eleni Kalogeropoulou, Sofia Damianidou, Alexandra Vasilakopoulou, Polyxeni Karakosta, Spyros Pournaras, Joseph Meletiadis
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of Candida auris have changed the epidemiological landscape of candidaemia worldwide.AimWe compared the epidemiological trends of candidaemia in a Greek tertiary academic hospital before (2009-2018) and during the early COVID-19 (2020-2021) and late COVID-19/early post-pandemic (2022-2023) era.MethodsIncidence rates, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility profile and antifungal consumption were recorded, and one-way ANOVA or Fisher's exact test performed. Species were identified by MALDI-ToF MS, and in vitro susceptibility determined with CLSI M27-Ed4 for C. auris and the EUCAST-E.DEF 7.3.2 for other Candida spp.ResultsIn total, 370 candidaemia episodes were recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic. Infection incidence (2.0 episodes/10,000 hospital bed days before, 3.9 during the early and 5.1 during the late COVID-19 era, p < 0.0001), C. auris (0%, 9% and 33%, p < 0.0001) and fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis species complex (SC) (20%, 24% and 33%, p = 0.06) infections increased over time, with the latter not associated with increase in fluconazole/voriconazole consumption. A significant increase over time was observed in fluconazole-resistant isolates regardless of species (8%, 17% and 41%, p < 0.0001). Resistance to amphotericin B or echinocandins was not recorded, with the exception of a single pan-echinocandin-resistant C. auris strain.ConclusionCandidaemia incidence nearly tripled during the COVID-19 era, with C. auris among the major causative agents and increasing fluconazole resistance in C. parapsilosis SC. Almost half of Candida isolates were fluconazole-resistant, underscoring the need for increased awareness and strict implementation of infection control measures.
{"title":"Increase in candidemia cases and emergence of fluconazole-resistant <i>Candida parapsilosis</i> and <i>C. auris</i> isolates in a tertiary care academic hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic, Greece, 2020 to 2023.","authors":"Maria Siopi, Panagiota-Christina Georgiou, Paschalis Paranos, Maria-Ioanna Beredaki, Aikaterini Tarpatzi, Eleni Kalogeropoulou, Sofia Damianidou, Alexandra Vasilakopoulou, Polyxeni Karakosta, Spyros Pournaras, Joseph Meletiadis","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2300661","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2300661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of <i>Candida auris</i> have changed the epidemiological landscape of candidaemia worldwide.AimWe compared the epidemiological trends of candidaemia in a Greek tertiary academic hospital before (2009-2018) and during the early COVID-19 (2020-2021) and late COVID-19/early post-pandemic (2022-2023) era.MethodsIncidence rates, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility profile and antifungal consumption were recorded, and one-way ANOVA or Fisher's exact test performed. Species were identified by MALDI-ToF MS, and in vitro susceptibility determined with CLSI M27-Ed4 for <i>C. auris</i> and the EUCAST-E.DEF 7.3.2 for other <i>Candida</i> spp.ResultsIn total, 370 candidaemia episodes were recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic. Infection incidence (2.0 episodes/10,000 hospital bed days before, 3.9 during the early and 5.1 during the late COVID-19 era, p < 0.0001), <i>C. auris</i> (0%, 9% and 33%, p < 0.0001) and fluconazole-resistant <i>C. parapsilosis</i> species complex (SC) (20%, 24% and 33%, p = 0.06) infections increased over time, with the latter not associated with increase in fluconazole/voriconazole consumption. A significant increase over time was observed in fluconazole-resistant isolates regardless of species (8%, 17% and 41%, p < 0.0001). Resistance to amphotericin B or echinocandins was not recorded, with the exception of a single pan-echinocandin-resistant <i>C. auris</i> strain.ConclusionCandidaemia incidence nearly tripled during the COVID-19 era, with <i>C. auris</i> among the major causative agents and increasing fluconazole resistance in <i>C. parapsilosis</i> SC. Almost half of <i>Candida</i> isolates were fluconazole-resistant, underscoring the need for increased awareness and strict implementation of infection control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11258949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2400028
Mielle Abbott, Jennifer H MacLachlan, Nicole Romero, Nicole Matthews, Nasra Higgins, Alvin Lee, Mark Stoove, Tafireyi Marukutira, Brendan Quinn, Nicole L Allard, Benjamin C Cowie
BackgroundActive follow-up of chronic hepatitis C notifications to promote linkage to care is a promising strategy to support elimination.AimThis pilot study in Victoria, Australia, explored if the Department of Health could follow-up on hepatitis C cases through their diagnosing clinicians, to assess and support linkage to care and complete data missing from the notification.MethodsFor notifications received between 1 September 2021 and 31 March 2022 of unspecified hepatitis C cases (i.e. acquired > 24 months ago or of unknown duration), contact with diagnosing clinicians was attempted. Data were collected on risk exposures, clinical and demographic characteristics and follow-up care (i.e. HCV RNA test; referral or ascertainment of previous negative testing or treatment history). Reasons for unsuccessful doctor contact and gaps in care provision were investigated. Advice to clinicians on care and resources for clinical support were given on demand.ResultsOf 513 cases where information was sought, this was able to be obtained for 356 (69.4%). Reasons for unsuccessful contact included incomplete contact details or difficulties getting in touch across three attempts, particularly for hospital diagnoses. Among the 356 cases, 307 (86.2%) had received follow-up care. Patient-management resources were requested by 100 of 286 contacted diagnosing clinicians.ConclusionsMost doctors successfully contacted had provided follow-up care. Missing contact information and the time taken to reach clinicians significantly impeded the feasibility of the intervention. Enhancing system automation, such as integration of laboratory results, could improve completeness of notifications and support further linkage to care where needed.
{"title":"A pilot project harnessing surveillance systems to support clinicians providing clinical care for people diagnosed with hepatitis C in Victoria, Australia, September 2021 to 31 March 2022.","authors":"Mielle Abbott, Jennifer H MacLachlan, Nicole Romero, Nicole Matthews, Nasra Higgins, Alvin Lee, Mark Stoove, Tafireyi Marukutira, Brendan Quinn, Nicole L Allard, Benjamin C Cowie","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2400028","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2400028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundActive follow-up of chronic hepatitis C notifications to promote linkage to care is a promising strategy to support elimination.AimThis pilot study in Victoria, Australia, explored if the Department of Health could follow-up on hepatitis C cases through their diagnosing clinicians, to assess and support linkage to care and complete data missing from the notification.MethodsFor notifications received between 1 September 2021 and 31 March 2022 of unspecified hepatitis C cases (i.e. acquired > 24 months ago or of unknown duration), contact with diagnosing clinicians was attempted. Data were collected on risk exposures, clinical and demographic characteristics and follow-up care (i.e. HCV RNA test; referral or ascertainment of previous negative testing or treatment history). Reasons for unsuccessful doctor contact and gaps in care provision were investigated. Advice to clinicians on care and resources for clinical support were given on demand.ResultsOf 513 cases where information was sought, this was able to be obtained for 356 (69.4%). Reasons for unsuccessful contact included incomplete contact details or difficulties getting in touch across three attempts, particularly for hospital diagnoses. Among the 356 cases, 307 (86.2%) had received follow-up care. Patient-management resources were requested by 100 of 286 contacted diagnosing clinicians.ConclusionsMost doctors successfully contacted had provided follow-up care. Missing contact information and the time taken to reach clinicians significantly impeded the feasibility of the intervention. Enhancing system automation, such as integration of laboratory results, could improve completeness of notifications and support further linkage to care where needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11258944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2300651
Mira Hleyhel, Julia Geller, Amal Sadou, Paul Naaber, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Sigrid Vorobjov, Marleen Lõhmus, Martina Furegato, Suzanne Reed, Benjamin Bluemel, Erika Duffell, Kristi Rüütel
IntroductionObtaining epidemiological data on chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is essential to monitor progress towards the hepatitis C elimination targets.AimWe aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic HCV and the seroprevalence of HCV in the adult general population in Estonia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study, conducted between 12 July and 6 December 2022, included anonymised residual sera collected prospectively from patients 18 years and older visiting a general practitioner in all counties of Estonia. Specimens were considered HCV-seropositive if they tested positive for HCV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay, confirmed by line-immunoblot assay. Chronic HCV infection was determined by positive RT-qPCR.ResultsWe tested a total of 4,217 specimens. The estimated HCV seroprevalence and prevalence of chronic HCV infection were 1.8% (95% CI: 1.4-2.2) and 0.8% (95% CI: 0.5-1.1), respectively, with ca 8,100 persons estimated to have chronic HCV infection in the general adult population of Estonia. No statistically significant differences in the prevalence of chronic HCV infection were observed between sexes, counties or age groups, with the highest prevalence rates observed in men (sex ratio: 1.7), Ida-Virumaa County (1.8%; 95% CI: 0.8-3.6) and the age group 40-49 years (1.7%; 95% CI: 0.9-2.9).ConclusionThis study found an overall low prevalence of chronic HCV infection in Estonia. Continued efforts should be made for the targeted screening, diagnosis and treatment of individuals with chronic HCV infection to achieve hepatitis elimination targets.
{"title":"Prevalence of chronic hepatitis C infection in the general population: results from a national survey, Estonia, July to December 2022.","authors":"Mira Hleyhel, Julia Geller, Amal Sadou, Paul Naaber, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Sigrid Vorobjov, Marleen Lõhmus, Martina Furegato, Suzanne Reed, Benjamin Bluemel, Erika Duffell, Kristi Rüütel","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2300651","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2300651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionObtaining epidemiological data on chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is essential to monitor progress towards the hepatitis C elimination targets.AimWe aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic HCV and the seroprevalence of HCV in the adult general population in Estonia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study, conducted between 12 July and 6 December 2022, included anonymised residual sera collected prospectively from patients 18 years and older visiting a general practitioner in all counties of Estonia. Specimens were considered HCV-seropositive if they tested positive for HCV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay, confirmed by line-immunoblot assay. Chronic HCV infection was determined by positive RT-qPCR.ResultsWe tested a total of 4,217 specimens. The estimated HCV seroprevalence and prevalence of chronic HCV infection were 1.8% (95% CI: 1.4-2.2) and 0.8% (95% CI: 0.5-1.1), respectively, with ca 8,100 persons estimated to have chronic HCV infection in the general adult population of Estonia. No statistically significant differences in the prevalence of chronic HCV infection were observed between sexes, counties or age groups, with the highest prevalence rates observed in men (sex ratio: 1.7), Ida-Virumaa County (1.8%; 95% CI: 0.8-3.6) and the age group 40-49 years (1.7%; 95% CI: 0.9-2.9).ConclusionThis study found an overall low prevalence of chronic HCV infection in Estonia. Continued efforts should be made for the targeted screening, diagnosis and treatment of individuals with chronic HCV infection to achieve hepatitis elimination targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11274846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400056
Thomas Ria, Maria Cristina Mancuso, Laura Daprai, Maria Francesca Liporace, Alessandra Gazzola, Sara Arnaboldi, Federica Vianello, Mario Luini, Dario Consonni, Gianluigi Ardissino
BackgroundHaemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a severe complication of infection with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Although the reservoirs of STEC are known, the source of the infection of sporadic cases is often unknown. In 2023, we observed several cases of bloody diarrhoea with STEC infection in children and adolescents returning from vacations.AimWe aimed to explore the association between travel and bloody diarrhoea with STEC infection in children and adolescents.MethodsWe included all children and adolescents with bloody diarrhoea with STEC infection identified in 2023 by the ItalKid-HUS Network surveillance system in northern Italy. We interviewed children's families and sent a questionnaire on recent travels abroad. The exposure time was between 3 days after arrival abroad and 5 days after return home. A self-controlled case series (SCCS) design was used in the analysis.ResultsOf the 43 cases, 11 developed HUS. Twenty-three cases did not travel abroad, while 20 had travelled to several destinations. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) associated with travel to Egypt was 88.6 (95% confidence interval (CI): 17.0-462). Serotype analysis excluded the possibility of a single strain causing the infections. We did not find the source of the infections.ConclusionThere is an elevated risk of acquiring STEC infection with bloody diarrhoea and HUS associated with travel to Egypt. Specific investigations to identify the source are needed to implement effective preventive measures.
背景溶血性尿毒症(HUS)是感染产志贺毒素大肠杆菌(STEC)后的一种严重并发症。虽然 STEC 的贮存库已为人所知,但散发性病例的感染源却往往不为人知。2023 年,我们在度假归来的儿童和青少年中发现了几例感染 STEC 的血性腹泻病例。AimWe aimed to explore the association between travel and blood diarrheaa with STEC infection in children and adolescents.MethodsWe included all children and adolescents with blood diarrheaa with STEC infection identified by the ItalKid-HUS Network surveillance system in 2023 in northern Italy.我们纳入了意大利北部 ItalKid-HUS 网络监控系统在 2023 年发现的所有感染 STEC 的血性腹泻儿童和青少年。我们对儿童的家人进行了访谈,并发放了一份关于近期出国旅行的调查问卷。接触时间为抵达国外后 3 天至回国后 5 天。结果 在 43 例病例中,有 11 例发展为 HUS。其中 23 例未出国旅行,20 例去过多个目的地。与前往埃及相关的发病率比(IRR)为 88.6(95% 置信区间(CI):17.0-462)。血清型分析排除了单一菌株导致感染的可能性。我们没有找到感染的源头。要采取有效的预防措施,需要进行专门调查以确定感染源。
{"title":"Vacation in Egypt associated with Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> infection in children and adolescents, northern Italy, 2023.","authors":"Thomas Ria, Maria Cristina Mancuso, Laura Daprai, Maria Francesca Liporace, Alessandra Gazzola, Sara Arnaboldi, Federica Vianello, Mario Luini, Dario Consonni, Gianluigi Ardissino","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400056","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHaemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a severe complication of infection with Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (STEC). Although the reservoirs of STEC are known, the source of the infection of sporadic cases is often unknown. In 2023, we observed several cases of bloody diarrhoea with STEC infection in children and adolescents returning from vacations.AimWe aimed to explore the association between travel and bloody diarrhoea with STEC infection in children and adolescents.MethodsWe included all children and adolescents with bloody diarrhoea with STEC infection identified in 2023 by the ItalKid-HUS Network surveillance system in northern Italy. We interviewed children's families and sent a questionnaire on recent travels abroad. The exposure time was between 3 days after arrival abroad and 5 days after return home. A self-controlled case series (SCCS) design was used in the analysis.ResultsOf the 43 cases, 11 developed HUS. Twenty-three cases did not travel abroad, while 20 had travelled to several destinations. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) associated with travel to Egypt was 88.6 (95% confidence interval (CI): 17.0-462). Serotype analysis excluded the possibility of a single strain causing the infections. We did not find the source of the infections.ConclusionThere is an elevated risk of acquiring STEC infection with bloody diarrhoea and HUS associated with travel to Egypt. Specific investigations to identify the source are needed to implement effective preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11274844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400457
Zohar Mor, Husein Omari, Victoria Indenbaum, Oscar D Kirstein, Oren Shatach Catabi, Shay Reicher, Yaniv Lustig, Maya Davidovich-Cohen, Ehud Kaliner, Rivka Sheffer, Shirly Elbaz, Or Kriger, Sharon Alroy-Preis
This report describes an unusual surge of West Nile fever in Israel in June 2024, during which 125 cases were diagnosed, compared with 4 cases on average during June in previous years (2014-23). Of the cases, 64 (62.1%) had neuroinvasive disease and 12 (9.6%) died; the 2024 case fatality rate was not significantly elevated vs the average rate in 2014-23. The early rise could be related to a temperature increase in spring and early summer of 2024.
{"title":"Early rise of West Nile fever in Israel, June 2024.","authors":"Zohar Mor, Husein Omari, Victoria Indenbaum, Oscar D Kirstein, Oren Shatach Catabi, Shay Reicher, Yaniv Lustig, Maya Davidovich-Cohen, Ehud Kaliner, Rivka Sheffer, Shirly Elbaz, Or Kriger, Sharon Alroy-Preis","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400457","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report describes an unusual surge of West Nile fever in Israel in June 2024, during which 125 cases were diagnosed, compared with 4 cases on average during June in previous years (2014-23). Of the cases, 64 (62.1%) had neuroinvasive disease and 12 (9.6%) died; the 2024 case fatality rate was not significantly elevated vs the average rate in 2014-23. The early rise could be related to a temperature increase in spring and early summer of 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11274845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2400438
Marta Giovanetti, Francesco Branda, Fabio Scarpa, Massimo Ciccozzi, Giancarlo Ceccarelli
{"title":"Letter to the editor: Severe parvovirus B19 infections in the immunocompetent population.","authors":"Marta Giovanetti, Francesco Branda, Fabio Scarpa, Massimo Ciccozzi, Giancarlo Ceccarelli","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2400438","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.29.2400438","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11258945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.27.2400330
Aisling M Vaughan, Mohammed Afzal, Priyanka Nannapaneni, Mathias Leroy, Xanthi Andrianou, Jeffrey Pires, Silvia Funke, Celine Roman, Juliana Reyes-Uruena, Stephan Aberle, Aristos Aristodimou, Gudrun Aspelund, Kirsty F Bennet, Antra Bormane, Anna Caraglia, Hannah Charles, Emilie Chazelle, Iva Christova, Orna Cohen, Costas Constantinou, Simon Couvreur, Asuncion Diaz, Kateřina Fabiánová, Federica Ferraro, Marte Petrikke Grenersen, Eva Grilc, Tuula Hannila-Handelberg, Anne Kathrine Hvass, Derval Igoe, Klaus Jansen, Denisa Janță, Styliani Kaoustou, Anders Koch, Mirjana Lana Kosanovic Licina, Stefka Krumova, Anton Labutin, Raskit Lachmann, Amaryl Lecompte, Rémi Lefrançois, Viktorija Leitena, Kirsi Liitsola, Ivan Mlinarić, Zohar Mor, Martha Neary, Alina Novacek, Magnus Wenstøp Øgle, Hana Orlíková, Kalliopi Papadima, Moa Rehn, Malgorzata Sadkowska-Todys, Anca Sîrbu, Klara Sondén, Berta Suárez, Marianna Thordardottir, Paula Vasconcelos, Joao Vieira Martins, Karolina Zakrzewska, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Céline M Gossner
During the summer of 2023, the European Region experienced a limited resurgence of mpox cases following the substantial outbreak in 2022. This increase was characterised by asynchronous and bimodal increases, with countries experiencing peaks at different times. The demographic profile of cases during the resurgence was largely consistent with those reported previously. All available sequences from the European Region belonged to clade IIb. Sustained efforts are crucial to control and eventually eliminate mpox in the European Region.
{"title":"Continued circulation of mpox: an epidemiological and phylogenetic assessment, European Region, 2023 to 2024.","authors":"Aisling M Vaughan, Mohammed Afzal, Priyanka Nannapaneni, Mathias Leroy, Xanthi Andrianou, Jeffrey Pires, Silvia Funke, Celine Roman, Juliana Reyes-Uruena, Stephan Aberle, Aristos Aristodimou, Gudrun Aspelund, Kirsty F Bennet, Antra Bormane, Anna Caraglia, Hannah Charles, Emilie Chazelle, Iva Christova, Orna Cohen, Costas Constantinou, Simon Couvreur, Asuncion Diaz, Kateřina Fabiánová, Federica Ferraro, Marte Petrikke Grenersen, Eva Grilc, Tuula Hannila-Handelberg, Anne Kathrine Hvass, Derval Igoe, Klaus Jansen, Denisa Janță, Styliani Kaoustou, Anders Koch, Mirjana Lana Kosanovic Licina, Stefka Krumova, Anton Labutin, Raskit Lachmann, Amaryl Lecompte, Rémi Lefrançois, Viktorija Leitena, Kirsi Liitsola, Ivan Mlinarić, Zohar Mor, Martha Neary, Alina Novacek, Magnus Wenstøp Øgle, Hana Orlíková, Kalliopi Papadima, Moa Rehn, Malgorzata Sadkowska-Todys, Anca Sîrbu, Klara Sondén, Berta Suárez, Marianna Thordardottir, Paula Vasconcelos, Joao Vieira Martins, Karolina Zakrzewska, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Céline M Gossner","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.27.2400330","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.27.2400330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the summer of 2023, the European Region experienced a limited resurgence of mpox cases following the substantial outbreak in 2022. This increase was characterised by asynchronous and bimodal increases, with countries experiencing peaks at different times. The demographic profile of cases during the resurgence was largely consistent with those reported previously. All available sequences from the European Region belonged to clade IIb. Sustained efforts are crucial to control and eventually eliminate mpox in the European Region.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11225264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141534038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400462
Mojca Matičič, Maria Buti
{"title":"Towards eliminating hepatitis C as a public health threat: different speeds, different needs.","authors":"Mojca Matičič, Maria Buti","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400462","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11274847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400436
Diana I Palme, Juliane Lang, Dajana Helke, Maryna Kuryshko, Elsayed M Abdelwhab
We investigated the thermostability of four European avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses in whole and semi-skimmed milk and their replication in bovine kidney and lung cells amid the current influenza A(H5N1) dairy cattle outbreak in the United States. Results showed strain-dependent differences in thermal inactivation, particularly in whole milk, and variable replication efficacy in lung cells. These findings support assessing the inactivation of European H5N1 viruses in milk and their replication in bovine cells, aiding biosafety protocols and public health measures.
{"title":"Strain-dependent variations in replication of European clade 2.3.4.4b influenza A(H5N1) viruses in bovine cells and thermal inactivation in semi-skimmed or whole milk.","authors":"Diana I Palme, Juliane Lang, Dajana Helke, Maryna Kuryshko, Elsayed M Abdelwhab","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400436","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.30.2400436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the thermostability of four European avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses in whole and semi-skimmed milk and their replication in bovine kidney and lung cells amid the current influenza A(H5N1) dairy cattle outbreak in the United States. Results showed strain-dependent differences in thermal inactivation, particularly in whole milk, and variable replication efficacy in lung cells. These findings support assessing the inactivation of European H5N1 viruses in milk and their replication in bovine cells, aiding biosafety protocols and public health measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11274848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}