Aim. The Drosophila swiss cheese (sws) gene is a mammalian ortholog of neuropathy target esterase (NTE or PNPLA6). This protein is involved in the functioning of the nervous system and causes some kinds of polyneuropathy with the mechanism unknown. Genes-interactors of the sws gene should be found to investigate the cellular mechanism of SWS/NTE-dependent neuropathy formation and to find out what signaling pathways SWS is involved in. Methods. The search was done in the Drosophila database – Flybase, in the NCBI (Gene) database to search for orthologs, and the String web resource was used in the case of potential protein interactions. Results. Only four experimentally identified genes-interactors were listed in the Flybase. Based on the expression changes data of 28 genes at PNPLA6 silencing, a theoretical search for the corresponding orthologs in Drosophila was done. The in silico assay predicted 10 proteins that are probably functioning within one metabolic pathway. Conclusions. The methods applied gave us a wide list of genes that can interact with sws at different levels: from the expression pattern to the phenotype. Therefore, 25 potentially partner genes were selected to verify the genetic interaction of these genes in vivo. Keywords: gene swiss cheese, neuropathy target esterase, neurodegeneration, in silico analysis, genes interaction, Drosophila melanogaster.
{"title":"Strategy for searching potential partner genes of Drosophila melanogaster Sws gene","authors":"M. Horin, N. Matiytsiv","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1387","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The Drosophila swiss cheese (sws) gene is a mammalian ortholog of neuropathy target esterase (NTE or PNPLA6). This protein is involved in the functioning of the nervous system and causes some kinds of polyneuropathy with the mechanism unknown. Genes-interactors of the sws gene should be found to investigate the cellular mechanism of SWS/NTE-dependent neuropathy formation and to find out what signaling pathways SWS is involved in. Methods. The search was done in the Drosophila database – Flybase, in the NCBI (Gene) database to search for orthologs, and the String web resource was used in the case of potential protein interactions. Results. Only four experimentally identified genes-interactors were listed in the Flybase. Based on the expression changes data of 28 genes at PNPLA6 silencing, a theoretical search for the corresponding orthologs in Drosophila was done. The in silico assay predicted 10 proteins that are probably functioning within one metabolic pathway. Conclusions. The methods applied gave us a wide list of genes that can interact with sws at different levels: from the expression pattern to the phenotype. Therefore, 25 potentially partner genes were selected to verify the genetic interaction of these genes in vivo. \u0000Keywords: gene swiss cheese, neuropathy target esterase, neurodegeneration, in silico analysis, genes interaction, Drosophila melanogaster.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90055949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Blume, O. Melnychuk, S. Ozheredov, D. Rakhmetov, Y. Blume
Aim. Main aim of this research was the evaluation of theoretical bioethanol yield (per ha) from hexaploid giant miscanthus (Miscanthus х giganteus) and further comparison with conventional triploid form as well as with other bioethanol crops. Methods. Several mathematic functions were determined that describe yearly yield dynamics and equations, which were used in calculations of theoretical bioethanol yield. Results. The theoretical bioethanol yield was evaluated for different hexaploid miscanthus lines. The most productive in terms of ethanol yield were lines 108 and 202, from which potential bioethanol yield was found to be higher than in control line (6451 L/ha) by 10.7 % and 14.2% respectively and can reach 7144 L/ha and 7684 L/ha. Conclusions. It was determined that the most productive lines of polyploid miscanthus (lines 108 and 202) are able to compete with other plant cellulosic feedstocks for second-generation bioethanol production in Ukraine. However, these lines show bioethanol productivity than sweet sorghum, in the case when sweet sorghum is processed for obtainment of both first- and second-generation bioethanol. Keywords: bioenergy crops, biofuels, giant miscanthus, Miscanthus, polyploidy, second-generation bioethanol.
{"title":"Evaluation of polyploid miscanthus lines usage efficiency as a feedstock for bioethanol production","authors":"R. Blume, O. Melnychuk, S. Ozheredov, D. Rakhmetov, Y. Blume","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v29.1399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v29.1399","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Main aim of this research was the evaluation of theoretical bioethanol yield (per ha) from hexaploid giant miscanthus (Miscanthus х giganteus) and further comparison with conventional triploid form as well as with other bioethanol crops. Methods. Several mathematic functions were determined that describe yearly yield dynamics and equations, which were used in calculations of theoretical bioethanol yield. Results. The theoretical bioethanol yield was evaluated for different hexaploid miscanthus lines. The most productive in terms of ethanol yield were lines 108 and 202, from which potential bioethanol yield was found to be higher than in control line (6451 L/ha) by 10.7 % and 14.2% respectively and can reach 7144 L/ha and 7684 L/ha. Conclusions. It was determined that the most productive lines of polyploid miscanthus (lines 108 and 202) are able to compete with other plant cellulosic feedstocks for second-generation bioethanol production in Ukraine. However, these lines show bioethanol productivity than sweet sorghum, in the case when sweet sorghum is processed for obtainment of both first- and second-generation bioethanol. \u0000Keywords: bioenergy crops, biofuels, giant miscanthus, Miscanthus, polyploidy, second-generation bioethanol.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81899792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Huleyuk, D. Zastavna, I. Haiboniuk, I. Tkach, M. Tyrka
Aim. Over the past decade, telomere biology has become an important topic in the field of human reproduction.We focused on the relationship between relative telomere length (RTL) and tendency to early pregnancy loss (EPL) in humans. Methods. RTL was measured in DNA isolated from the blood samples using a real-time polymerase chain reaction approach. RTL was examined in control group (C) (N=209) – women (CW) (N=107) and men (CM) (N=102) who had healthy pregnancies with no history of infertility or miscarriage, and in group with EPL (N=445) – women (EPLW) (N=223) and men (EPLM) (N=212) who had single or more EPL. RTL data were analyzed by gender and reproductive history. Results. Women (CW+EPLW) have significantly higher RTL that men (CM+EPLM) (1.74±0.06 in women and 1.40±0.05 in men, P=0.000053). Average RTL were significantly lower in CM compared to CW (CW: 2.27±0.12 versus CM: 1.15±0.08, P=0.0000001), and were similar in EPLW and EPLM (1.50±0.06 in EPLW and 1.53±0.06 in EPLM, P=0.47). The EPLW group had significantly lower RTL than control (EPLW: 1.50±0.06 versus CW: 2.27±0.12, P=0.0000001). Average RTL were significantly lower in CM compared to EPLM (1.15±0.08 in CM and 1.53±0.06 in EPLM, P=0.00006). Conclusions. Women with no history of EPL have longer telomere than men. Woman with EPL have shorter telomere that women without miscarriage. In EPL group women and men have similar telomere length.Keywords: telomeres, RT-PCR, gender, early reproductive loss.
{"title":"Telomere length in individuals with early pregnancy losses","authors":"N. Huleyuk, D. Zastavna, I. Haiboniuk, I. Tkach, M. Tyrka","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v29.1422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v29.1422","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Over the past decade, telomere biology has become an important topic in the field of human reproduction.We focused on the relationship between relative telomere length (RTL) and tendency to early pregnancy loss (EPL) in humans. Methods. RTL was measured in DNA isolated from the blood samples using a real-time polymerase chain reaction approach. RTL was examined in control group (C) (N=209) – women (CW) (N=107) and men (CM) (N=102) who had healthy pregnancies with no history of infertility or miscarriage, and in group with EPL (N=445) – women (EPLW) (N=223) and men (EPLM) (N=212) who had single or more EPL. RTL data were analyzed by gender and reproductive history. Results. Women (CW+EPLW) have significantly higher RTL that men (CM+EPLM) (1.74±0.06 in women and 1.40±0.05 in men, P=0.000053). Average RTL were significantly lower in CM compared to CW (CW: 2.27±0.12 versus CM: 1.15±0.08, P=0.0000001), and were similar in EPLW and EPLM (1.50±0.06 in EPLW and 1.53±0.06 in EPLM, P=0.47). The EPLW group had significantly lower RTL than control (EPLW: 1.50±0.06 versus CW: 2.27±0.12, P=0.0000001). Average RTL were significantly lower in CM compared to EPLM (1.15±0.08 in CM and 1.53±0.06 in EPLM, P=0.00006). Conclusions. Women with no history of EPL have longer telomere than men. Woman with EPL have shorter telomere that women without miscarriage. In EPL group women and men have similar telomere length.Keywords: telomeres, RT-PCR, gender, early reproductive loss.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"84 9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88057018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. Optimization of conditions for genetic transformation of new promising genotypes of winter bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) by in planta method. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by in planta method using the strain AGL0 and vector construct pBi2E. Results. The influence of air temperature, optical density of cells of agrobacterial suspension, inoculation day and composition of inoculation medium on the frequency of obtaining transgenic plants of new winter wheat genotypes was studied. The dependence of the frequency obtaining of transgenic plants from environmental conditions, in particular temperature, has been established. It was found that the temperature regime of 20-22°C provided the largest number (4.8%) of wheat transformants, and when the temperature is reduced to 16-18°C there is a decrease in the efficiency of T-DNA transfer into the plant genome and the lowest frequency of transformation (0.7%). Conclusions. The largest number of transformants was obtained using a inoculation medium without sucrose, the optical density of cells of the agrobacterial suspension of 0.6 op.od. and inoculation on the third day after castration of ears. Keywords: T. aestivum, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in planta, optimization of conditions.
{"title":"Optimization of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation conditions of prospective genotypes of winter bread wheat by in planta method","authors":"O. Dubrovna, L. Slivka","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1377","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Optimization of conditions for genetic transformation of new promising genotypes of winter bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) by in planta method. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by in planta method using the strain AGL0 and vector construct pBi2E. Results. The influence of air temperature, optical density of cells of agrobacterial suspension, inoculation day and composition of inoculation medium on the frequency of obtaining transgenic plants of new winter wheat genotypes was studied. The dependence of the frequency obtaining of transgenic plants from environmental conditions, in particular temperature, has been established. It was found that the temperature regime of 20-22°C provided the largest number (4.8%) of wheat transformants, and when the temperature is reduced to 16-18°C there is a decrease in the efficiency of T-DNA transfer into the plant genome and the lowest frequency of transformation (0.7%). Conclusions. The largest number of transformants was obtained using a inoculation medium without sucrose, the optical density of cells of the agrobacterial suspension of 0.6 op.od. and inoculation on the third day after castration of ears. \u0000Keywords: T. aestivum, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in planta, optimization of conditions.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76458384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. The aim of the study was to identify and systematize methodological problems in the diagnosis of anthropogenic transformation of forest ecosystem. Methods. Theoretical methods of system-structural, retrospective analysis, interdisciplinary, ecosystem approaches, special methods of forestry, synecology, ornithology and mycology. Results. Changes in functional indicators and parameters of communities were recorded depending on the genesis of the anthropogenic factor, pattern, intensity and time-scale of its impact and reproducibility of ecosystems. These changes were established in the presence of close correlation between the most sensitive structural and functional components (grass layer, leaf-litter, surface of soil, stand) and preserving the integrity of consorted links. Conclusions. A conceptual model for diagnostic human transformation of forest ecosystems for various functional according to the state and development of consorted links of producers, consumers, reducers (for example, plants, fungi, birds) through qualitative and quantitative parameters of relevant diversity structures and principles of its application was proposed. Keywords: ecosystem, communities, anthropogenic factor, transformation, biodiversity, consorted links.
{"title":"Problem issues of methodology of synecological diagnostics of anthropogenic transformation of forest ecosystems","authors":"O. Blinkova","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1392","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of the study was to identify and systematize methodological problems in the diagnosis of anthropogenic transformation of forest ecosystem. Methods. Theoretical methods of system-structural, retrospective analysis, interdisciplinary, ecosystem approaches, special methods of forestry, synecology, ornithology and mycology. Results. Changes in functional indicators and parameters of communities were recorded depending on the genesis of the anthropogenic factor, pattern, intensity and time-scale of its impact and reproducibility of ecosystems. These changes were established in the presence of close correlation between the most sensitive structural and functional components (grass layer, leaf-litter, surface of soil, stand) and preserving the integrity of consorted links. Conclusions. A conceptual model for diagnostic human transformation of forest ecosystems for various functional according to the state and development of consorted links of producers, consumers, reducers (for example, plants, fungi, birds) through qualitative and quantitative parameters of relevant diversity structures and principles of its application was proposed. \u0000Keywords: ecosystem, communities, anthropogenic factor, transformation, biodiversity, consorted links.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86405016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the foundation of the Faculty of Natural Geography at the Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko. The article focuses on the primary aspects of educational and scientific work on genetics and selection performed by the lecturers of the Botany Department – Professor Nina Ivanivna Dehtiarova and Professor Mykhailo Ivanovych Steblianko, docent Klavdia Demianivna Honcharova and docent Maiia Havrylivna Shulha during the 1960s–1990s. Their contribution to the establishment and development of genetics and selection at higher pedagogical and secondary education institutions in Ukraine was analysed. The importance of Ukrainian genetics and selection for historiography as well as popularisation of scientific and pedagogical accomplishments of lecturers in higher education institutions, who are engaged in basic training of future genetics and selection specialists, was denoted. Keywords: genetics, selection, history of the Faculty of Natural Geography, Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko.
{"title":"Educational and scientific aspects of history of genetics and selection at The Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko (1960–1990)","authors":"V. Torianyk, L. Mironets","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1396","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the foundation of the Faculty of Natural Geography at the Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko. The article focuses on the primary aspects of educational and scientific work on genetics and selection performed by the lecturers of the Botany Department – Professor Nina Ivanivna Dehtiarova and Professor Mykhailo Ivanovych Steblianko, docent Klavdia Demianivna Honcharova and docent Maiia Havrylivna Shulha during the 1960s–1990s. Their contribution to the establishment and development of genetics and selection at higher pedagogical and secondary education institutions in Ukraine was analysed. The importance of Ukrainian genetics and selection for historiography as well as popularisation of scientific and pedagogical accomplishments of lecturers in higher education institutions, who are engaged in basic training of future genetics and selection specialists, was denoted. \u0000Keywords: genetics, selection, history of the Faculty of Natural Geography, Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"5 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81225784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Shutava, A. Bashilov, E. A. Sedun, A.A. Vaitsekhouskaya, M. Onete
Aim. The purpose of the work is to assess the resistance of highly decorative plants of the native flora to a high level of salinity and the content of zinc, lead and cadmium for landscaping urban and roadside areas. Methods. We used seed germination under laboratory conditions with soaking in solutions of sodium chloride and salts of zinc, lead and cadmium, as well as the method of in vitro cell selection to increase resistance to salinity of Verbascum nigrum L. Results. The resistance of 7 species of highly decorative plants, representatives of the autochthonous flora of Belarus, to increasing concentrations of lead, zinc and cadmium salts was assessed. Germination capacity, length and morphology of roots, length of seedlings during germination of seeds of Betonica officinalis L., Centaurea jacea L., Verbascum nigrum, Knautia arvensis (L.) Coult., Galium verum L., Anthemis tinctoria L., Anthemis arvensis L., Viscaria vulgaris Bernh., Achillea millefolium L. in the presence of sodium chloride are shown. It has been shown that the in vitro cell selection method is promising for the selection of resistant lines of Verbascum nigrum. Conclusions. The presence of lead, zinc and cadmium salts had a significant effect on the average length of the root, hypocotyl, and cotyledonous leaves, as well as the germination capacity of highly decorative species of autochthonous flora. The most resistant to salinity were yarrow (Achillea millefolium), brown knapweed (Centaurea jacea) and black mullein (Verbascum nigrum). Lines of Verbascum nigrum, capable of growing in vitro at a sodium chloride concentration of 5 g/L, were selected. Keywords: salinity, heavy metals, seed germination, highly decorative species.
{"title":"Assessment of the resistance of highly ornamental plants of autochthonous flora to increased concentrations of pollutants","authors":"H. Shutava, A. Bashilov, E. A. Sedun, A.A. Vaitsekhouskaya, M. Onete","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v29.1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v29.1419","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The purpose of the work is to assess the resistance of highly decorative plants of the native flora to a high level of salinity and the content of zinc, lead and cadmium for landscaping urban and roadside areas. Methods. We used seed germination under laboratory conditions with soaking in solutions of sodium chloride and salts of zinc, lead and cadmium, as well as the method of in vitro cell selection to increase resistance to salinity of Verbascum nigrum L. Results. The resistance of 7 species of highly decorative plants, representatives of the autochthonous flora of Belarus, to increasing concentrations of lead, zinc and cadmium salts was assessed. Germination capacity, length and morphology of roots, length of seedlings during germination of seeds of Betonica officinalis L., Centaurea jacea L., Verbascum nigrum, Knautia arvensis (L.) Coult., Galium verum L., Anthemis tinctoria L., Anthemis arvensis L., Viscaria vulgaris Bernh., Achillea millefolium L. in the presence of sodium chloride are shown. It has been shown that the in vitro cell selection method is promising for the selection of resistant lines of Verbascum nigrum. Conclusions. The presence of lead, zinc and cadmium salts had a significant effect on the average length of the root, hypocotyl, and cotyledonous leaves, as well as the germination capacity of highly decorative species of autochthonous flora. The most resistant to salinity were yarrow (Achillea millefolium), brown knapweed (Centaurea jacea) and black mullein (Verbascum nigrum). Lines of Verbascum nigrum, capable of growing in vitro at a sodium chloride concentration of 5 g/L, were selected. \u0000Keywords: salinity, heavy metals, seed germination, highly decorative species.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78120704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Gorenskaya, V. Navrotskaya, N. Volkova, N. S. Filiponenko
Aim. To compare reproductive indices and stress resistance of Drosophila at outbreeding and inbreeding. Methods. Drosophila melanogaster congenic strains with incomplete development of the radial wing vein – radius incompletus – were used: the laboratory one and the strain, in which the mutation was placed into the genetic background of wild type strain, which originates from the natural population from radiation contaminated territory. Before the experiment strains have passed 65 generations of inbreeding. Viability (number of individuals, pupa stage mortality), dominant lethal mutations frequency and life span of imago at starvation were analysed. Results. After inbreeding, there was a decrease in the frequency of dominant lethal mutations and an increase in viability of the strain, which originates from the natural population, and a decrease of mortality at the pupal stage in both strains. Decreased life span of imago at starvation has been shown only for the inbred strain, which originates from the natural population. Conclusions. Inbreeding for 65 generations has no significant negative effect on reproductive indices; reduction of stress resistance during inbreeding has been shown only for the strain, which originates from the radiation contaminated territory. Keywords: Drosophila, viability, dominant lethal mutations, life span of imago at starvation, inbreeding.
{"title":"Inbreeding effects in Drosophila congenic strains: the influence of genetic background of different origin","authors":"O. Gorenskaya, V. Navrotskaya, N. Volkova, N. S. Filiponenko","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v28.1369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v28.1369","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To compare reproductive indices and stress resistance of Drosophila at outbreeding and inbreeding. Methods. Drosophila melanogaster congenic strains with incomplete development of the radial wing vein – radius incompletus – were used: the laboratory one and the strain, in which the mutation was placed into the genetic background of wild type strain, which originates from the natural population from radiation contaminated territory. Before the experiment strains have passed 65 generations of inbreeding. Viability (number of individuals, pupa stage mortality), dominant lethal mutations frequency and life span of imago at starvation were analysed. Results. After inbreeding, there was a decrease in the frequency of dominant lethal mutations and an increase in viability of the strain, which originates from the natural population, and a decrease of mortality at the pupal stage in both strains. Decreased life span of imago at starvation has been shown only for the inbred strain, which originates from the natural population. Conclusions. Inbreeding for 65 generations has no significant negative effect on reproductive indices; reduction of stress resistance during inbreeding has been shown only for the strain, which originates from the radiation contaminated territory. \u0000Keywords: Drosophila, viability, dominant lethal mutations, life span of imago at starvation, inbreeding.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88056436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. The effect of 50 and 100 mmol NaCl concentrations on seed germination, the content of green pigments in seedlings, and on the activity of photosystem II in seedlings of maize varieties Zagatala 420, Zagatala 514, Zagatala 68 and Gurur and hybrid Gurur x Zagatala 68 was studied. Methods. Plant seeds were germinated under laboratory conditions in Petri dishes and pots with soil using 50 and 100 mmol of sodium chloride solutions. Germination, seed germination energy had been determined. In two-week old seedlings determined the number of photosynthetic pigments and the activity of photosystem II. Results. High concentrations (100 mmol) of NaCl reduced seed germination, pigments number, and photosystem II activity. At a salt concentration of 100 mmol, an increase in the carbohydrate content was noted. Conclusions. Varieties Gurur and Zagatala 68 and hybrid Gurur x Zagatala 68 were more tolerant compared to varieties Zagatala 420, Zagatala 514. Keywords: maize, NaCl, photosynthetic pigments, photosystem II.
{"title":"Impact of NaCl on physiological and biochemical characteristics of maize (Zea mays L.) plants","authors":"K. R. Tagieva, I. Azizov","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v29.1408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v29.1408","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The effect of 50 and 100 mmol NaCl concentrations on seed germination, the content of green pigments in seedlings, and on the activity of photosystem II in seedlings of maize varieties Zagatala 420, Zagatala 514, Zagatala 68 and Gurur and hybrid Gurur x Zagatala 68 was studied. Methods. Plant seeds were germinated under laboratory conditions in Petri dishes and pots with soil using 50 and 100 mmol of sodium chloride solutions. Germination, seed germination energy had been determined. In two-week old seedlings determined the number of photosynthetic pigments and the activity of photosystem II. Results. High concentrations (100 mmol) of NaCl reduced seed germination, pigments number, and photosystem II activity. At a salt concentration of 100 mmol, an increase in the carbohydrate content was noted. Conclusions. Varieties Gurur and Zagatala 68 and hybrid Gurur x Zagatala 68 were more tolerant compared to varieties Zagatala 420, Zagatala 514. \u0000Keywords: maize, NaCl, photosynthetic pigments, photosystem II.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73326096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. In connection with the success of modern medicine, the pressure of natural selection in various civilized human populations is weakening, which leads to the accumulation of a genetic load. The purpose of this work was to trace the change in the intensity of natural selection among population of the Kirovograd region in two successive generations. Methods. The collection of material was carried out in 2020 and 2021. Anonymous questionnaires were conducted and medical histories of women of post-reproductive age of the Kirovograd region were studied. The first generation included 40 women born in 1937–1959; the second generation consists of 273 women born in 1960–1981. Results. The total selection index was 0.27 in the first generation, and 0.37 in the second generation. The percentage of women who have not had pregnancies increased from the first generation to the second from 2.5 to 3.7, respectively. Conclusions. The index of total selection in the Kirovograd region population for one generation increased by almost one and a half times (from 0.27 to 0.37), as well as the index of differential fertility (from 0.25 to 0.35). Keywords: reproductive characteristics, Kirovograd population, Crow's index, selection, generations.
{"title":"Dynamics of natural selection in two generations (on the example of the population of the Kirovograd region)","authors":"K. K. Kovleva, N. A. Kozak","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v29.1423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v29.1423","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. In connection with the success of modern medicine, the pressure of natural selection in various civilized human populations is weakening, which leads to the accumulation of a genetic load. The purpose of this work was to trace the change in the intensity of natural selection among population of the Kirovograd region in two successive generations. Methods. The collection of material was carried out in 2020 and 2021. Anonymous questionnaires were conducted and medical histories of women of post-reproductive age of the Kirovograd region were studied. The first generation included 40 women born in 1937–1959; the second generation consists of 273 women born in 1960–1981. Results. The total selection index was 0.27 in the first generation, and 0.37 in the second generation. The percentage of women who have not had pregnancies increased from the first generation to the second from 2.5 to 3.7, respectively. Conclusions. The index of total selection in the Kirovograd region population for one generation increased by almost one and a half times (from 0.27 to 0.37), as well as the index of differential fertility (from 0.25 to 0.35). \u0000Keywords: reproductive characteristics, Kirovograd population, Crow's index, selection, generations.","PeriodicalId":12181,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79487011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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